CN103598144A - Tree shrew behavioristic evaluation method - Google Patents
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- CN103598144A CN103598144A CN201310644407.3A CN201310644407A CN103598144A CN 103598144 A CN103598144 A CN 103598144A CN 201310644407 A CN201310644407 A CN 201310644407A CN 103598144 A CN103598144 A CN 103598144A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tree shrew behavioristic evaluation method. The method combines the method for hiding the food of a tree shrew by using a food hiding box, an experimental tree shrew selecting and training method and a study and memory scoring method. The characteristic that the tree shrew is developed in vision is utilized, the food of the tree shrew is hidden in the food hiding box, color marking and training are carried out, a whole experiment is carried out under the conditions that no stimulation influence factor exists, and comparison on behavior changes of the tree shrew is carried out through the average score of the tree shrew before and after the experiment is started. More scientific, comprehensive and objective evaluation results can be obtained through the tree shrew behavioristic evaluation method. The used materials are cheap and easy to manufacture, operation is convenient, and the evaluation method is scientific.
Description
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Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tree shrew Behavioral assessment method.
Background technology
At present, the scientific researches such as domestic and international toxicology, spirit and Neuropharmacology are main mainly with experiment with large mouse (the large mouse of transgenosis) greatly, and wherein Behavioral assessment is an important index.Praxiology research is mainly evaluated with the detection of autonomic activities degree, the detection of the coordinated movement of various economic factors, the testing result of ability of learning and memory.Its concrete grammar has: more than the ten kind methods such as open field test, Footprint Analysis, hole plate test, shuttle box test, Morris water maze, radial labyrinth, Y type labyrinth, T labyrinth, Barnes maze experiment, overhead cross labyrinth.Existing method majority relates to: food deprivation; Individual physique difference is large, does not carry out the uniformity of animal and selects; And the stimulus such as optical, electrical, water, run counter to the problems such as animal ethics, even also there is dispute in what have.And all methods are all that animal is moved in fixing detection system and carried out, insurmountable problem be leave that cage tool produces stress, the smell of remaining animal brings impact to testing result in time consumption for training, loaded down with trivial details and detection system.To such an extent as to stressors (Hodges, 1996 of hybrid design are all followed in the cognition that great majority carry out rodent experiment; Mizumori et al., 1996; Kaneto, 1997).
Tree shrew is a kind of small-sized mammalian, is a kind of low primate such as grade of current most scholar's approvals.The k value (0.14) of tree shrew brain is all greater than mouse and rabbit, and being similar to cat.Outside the evolution level of the big or small decapacitation reflection animal brain of k value, still can reflect the intellectual level of animal.Liyesy (1970) points out: the k value of rat is 0.04, and rabbit is 0.07, and cat is 0.13, and in complicated operation, rabbit is stronger than mouse, and cat is stronger than rabbit.Except cerebral cortex, tree shrew cerebellum development is also better, Haines (1969) points out: the growth of tree shrew posterior lobe of cerebellum is not bad than baby monkey (Galago) even, thus motion flexibly, the predation (preference) that is furtive in one's movements, take for a long time can be mobile insect be plant and fruit main but not static state.Circadian rhythm is consistent with the mankind in addition.
Tree shrew is as the beyond doubt good selection of sacred disease research model, but because of Behavioral assessment none good method always.In the article of domestic tens of pieces of tree shrew brain damages, all do not relate to the experimental study of behaviouristics aspect.The domestic researcher who has carries out behaviouristics experiment (finally abandoning) with the improved electro photoluminescence case of shuttle box; The tree shrew swimming instruction of passing through also having is carried out praxiology research with water maze; Other experiments cannot be avoided the stimulation of water, electricity, light equally, and these stimulus are enough to allow tree shrew produce strong stress reaction, to such an extent as to the situation that not conduct occurs in experimentation, do not respond.Carry out having of tree shrew behaviouristics experiment abroad: new object understanding experiment (Abbas Khani, 2012); The stressed condition cognitive ability experiment (Frauke Ohl, 1998) of " hole plate " formula.Face equally new environment stress with the impacts of factor on behavior and memory such as smell." hole plate " test just cannot solve the problem of food odors, and due to the existence of smell, tree shrew can rely on sense of smell directly to find food, rather than leans on the memory of acquistion to finish the work.
In a word, utilize tree shrew to carry out spirit and cerebral disease research, must solve the key technology of Behavioral assessment.Utilize all animals to have this biological property of the food of yearning, take food-induced is basis, and the experimental technique that meets tree shrew feature with science design is attached most importance to.Spy carries out the invention research of tree shrew Behavioral assessment method.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of for a long time both at home and abroad always in the urgent need to effective tree shrew Behavioral assessment method.
Tree shrew is a kind of small-sized mammalian, is that current most scholar approval a kind of low waited primate, due to its kinematic dexterity, the predation (preference) that is furtive in one's movements, take for a long time can be mobile insect be plant and fruit main but not static state.In order to avoid the problem that tree shrew is responsive to environmental change, irritability is strong, behaviouristics experiment completes in former breeding cage, utilize the feature of its vision prosperity, the food of tree shrew is hidden in food boxes, pass through color mark, and through training, whole experiment is carried out the in the situation that of non-stimulated influence factor.Method of the present invention is comprised of the methods of marking that utilizes food concealed box to hide the selection of tree shrew and training method, learning and memory for the method for tree shrew food, experiment, specific as follows:
1) food concealed box using method:
The overall diameter of A, circular food concealed box is 2.5-3.5cm, and thickness is 2.5-3.5cm; Food storage space interior diameter is 1.5-2.0cm, and the degree of depth is 2-2.5cm;
The food of B, tree shrew preference (different raising conditions can form different preferences, can determine flexibly) is put in unified food concealed box, with red adhesive tape sealing mark;
C, the daily pellet of feeding of tree shrew are put in unified food concealed box, with green adhesive tape sealing mark;
D, do not have the food concealed box of food to seal mark by yellow adhesive tape;
2), selection and the training of tree shrew for experiment:
A, first an empty food concealed box is put into tree shrew cage, select to play with in 1 hour and the tree shrew of the food concealed box that bites carries out the learning training that food obtains;
The learning training that in the food boxes of B, tree shrew different colours mark, food obtains: training period is postponed 8 of every mornings and 5 times of adding feed of afternoon, postpones till respectively and 6 pm at 9, reflects better every tree shrew overall status of a day; The 4-6 of a 3 kinds of colors food boxes is put into simultaneously to experiment tree shrew cage at every turn, before experimenter leaves, unlocking electronic recorder (or video recorder), records respectively bite before finding in 30 to 40 minutes and obtaining the food time and the obtaining food food concealed box number of times of yellow adhesive tape of tree shrew every day for twice; Training is observed and is recorded 3 to 6 days continuously;
C, according to photologging result, according to " methods of marking of learning and memory " of the present invention, mark, final selection: before experiment, the Continuous Observation grand average of 3 to 6 days differs the tree shrew that is no more than 3 minutes, for formal experiment, the tree shrew of learning behavior high conformity is for brain damage or neurologic agent evaluation experimental;
3) methods of marking of learning and memory:
A, the score of finding the food concealed box of red-label and obtaining food are: 30 minutes ÷ find the time used (minute) 5 minutes ÷ of ﹢ find after red food concealed box, for eat up food time (minute);
B, the score of finding the food concealed box of Green Marker and obtaining food are: 20 minutes ÷ find the time used (minute) 5 minutes ÷ of ﹢ find after green food concealed box, for eat up food time (minute);
The score of C, the yellow food concealed box that bites is :-0.5 minute/time * number of times before obtaining food;
D, above A, B, C, 3 morning and afternoons twice score value sum the mean value scoring that is the same day; By experiment, the average mark of many days carries out the comparison of tree shrew behavior variation;
This scoring method can need to carry out many days continuously according to experiment, obtains more science, comprehensive and objective appraisal result.
The present invention utilizes the method that adds food-induced tree shrew learning and memory in food boxes, by the ability of tree shrew discovery food and food acquisition process coordination two aspects is evaluated.Be characterized in: food concealed box rubber belt sealing, and be disposable use, avoided the impact of smell on memory behavior; Utilize recorder record, tree shrew is carried out the Behavioral assessment of learning and memory in the breeding cage of daily inhabitation, and food boxes volume is little simultaneously, is not subject to the impact of tree shrew cage tool size, solves the problem that tree shrew stress be strong; Select the tree shrew of high conformity to carry out Behavioral assessment experiment, food concealed box can increase and decrease flexibly, evaluates difficulty and can adjust, and scoring method, except evaluating memory, also has the evaluation of the behavior coordination ability simultaneously; Behavioral assessment is taked one day twice and is evaluated for continuous many days flexibly, can obtain more science, comprehensive and objective appraisal result.This invention is used material cheap, makes simple; Easy to operate; Evaluation method science.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
1) food concealed box using method:
The feature more tiny according to tree shrew tooth, the strength that bites is poor compared with rodent, the selection of food boxes making material can not be too hard, guarantees to take food not too difficulty after tree shrew discovery food boxes; To there is certain density and hardness simultaneously, guarantee that in box, food odors does not escape, prevent that tree shrew from relying on sense of smell directly to find food.Through repetition test, finally select density to be: 0.94-0.98g ∕ cm
3the food boxes that white plastic foam is made.The overall diameter of circular food box is 2.5-3.5cm, and thickness is 2.5-3.5cm; Food storage space interior diameter is 1.5-2.0cm, and the degree of depth is 2-2.5cm; The food of tree shrew preference is put in unified plastic foam box, with red adhesive tape sealing mark; The daily pellet of feeding of tree shrew is put in unified plastic foam box, with green adhesive tape sealing mark; The plastic foam box that there is no food, seals mark by yellow adhesive tape;
2) selection and the training of tree shrew for experiment:
A, first, puts into tree shrew cage by an empty plastic foam food boxes, selects to play with in 1 hour and the tree shrew of the foam food boxes that bites carries out the learning training of color and food;
The learning training that in the food boxes of B, tree shrew different colours mark, food obtains: training is by 8 of every mornings and 5 times of adding feed of afternoon, postpone till respectively the food boxes that and 6 pm add 1 redness, 1 green and 2 yellow marks at 9, experimenter leaves front unlocking electronic recorder (or video recorder), records respectively bite before finding in 30 to 40 minutes and obtaining the food time and the obtaining food food boxes number of times of yellow adhesive tape of tree shrew every day for twice; Training observed and recorded is 3 days continuously;
C, according to photologging result, in strict accordance with " methods of marking of learning and memory " of the present invention, mark, finally select: the Continuous Observation grand average of 3 days differs the tree shrew that is no more than 3 minutes, for formal experiment, for brain damage or neurologic agent evaluation.
3) methods of marking of learning and memory:
Experiment is unified in 9 of every mornings and 6 pm is carried out respectively twice experiment, reflects better every tree shrew overall status of a day.Each by 4 food boxes of 3 kinds of colors, wherein red and green each 1, yellow 2, put into experiment tree shrew cage, experimenter leaves experiment room in time simultaneously, and unlocking electronic recorder (or video recorder) recorded after 30 to 40 minutes, recover the normal feeding and management work of tree shrew, according to the result of recorder, according to scoring method of the present invention, each tree shrew is marked.
Concrete scoring method is as follows:
A, the score of finding the plastic foam food boxes of red-label and obtaining food are: 30 minutes ÷ find the time used (minute) 5 minutes ÷ of ﹢ find after red food boxes, for eat up food time (minute);
B, the score of finding the plastic foam food boxes of Green Marker and obtaining food are: 20 minutes ÷ find the time used (minute) 5 minutes ÷ of ﹢ find after green food box, for eat up food time (minute);
The score of C, the yellow mark food boxes that bites is: the number of times of-0.5 minute/time * yellow mark food boxes that bit before obtaining food;
D, above 3 morning and afternoon score value sum the mean value scoring that is the same day, before and after experiment, all the average mark with 3 days compares.
Example 2:
The color of tree shrew preference food concealed box can change into green or other colors are carried out mark, as blueness, black etc.;
Plastic foam food concealed box is increased to 6, that is: red and green each 1, yellow 4, increase tree shrew and select difficulty;
In scoring method, before and after experiment, all the average mark with 6 days compares.
All the other methods are all identical with embodiment 1.
Claims (1)
1. a tree shrew Behavioral assessment method, is characterized in that: for the method is hidden tree shrew food method, experiment by food boxes, the methods of marking of the selection of tree shrew and training method, learning and memory forms, specific as follows:
1) food concealed box using method:
The overall diameter of A, circular food concealed box is 2.5-3.5cm, and thickness is 2.5-3.5cm; Food storage space interior diameter is 1.5-2.0cm, and the degree of depth is 2-2.5cm;
B, the food of tree shrew preference is put in unified food concealed box, with red adhesive tape sealing mark;
C, the daily pellet of feeding of tree shrew is put in unified food concealed box, with green adhesive tape sealing mark;
D, do not have the food concealed box of food to seal mark by yellow adhesive tape;
2), selection and the training of tree shrew for experiment:
A, first an empty food concealed box is put into tree shrew cage, select to play with in 1 hour and the tree shrew of the food concealed box that bites carries out the learning training that food obtains;
The learning training that in the food boxes of B, tree shrew different colours mark, food obtains: training period is postponed 8 of every mornings and 5 times of adding feed of afternoon, postpones till respectively and 6 pm at 9, reflects better every tree shrew overall status of a day; The 4-6 of 3 kinds of colors food concealed box put into simultaneously to experiment tree shrew cage at every turn, before experimenter leaves, unlocking electronic recorder or video recorder, record respectively bite before finding in 30 to 40 minutes and obtaining the food time and the obtaining food food concealed box number of times of yellow adhesive tape of tree shrew every day for twice; Training is observed and is recorded 3 to 6 days continuously;
C, according to photologging result, according to " methods of marking of learning and memory " of the present invention, mark, final selection: before experiment, the Continuous Observation grand average of 3 to 6 days differs the tree shrew that is no more than 3 minutes, for formal experiment, the tree shrew of learning behavior high conformity is for brain damage or neurologic agent evaluation experimental;
3) methods of marking of learning and memory:
A, the score of finding the food concealed box of red-label and obtaining food are: within 30 minutes, ÷ finds the time used, and 5 minutes ÷ of minute ﹢ find after red food concealed box for eating up the time of food, minute;
B, the score of finding the food concealed box of Green Marker and obtaining food are: within 20 minutes, ÷ finds the food concealed box time used, and 5 minutes ÷ of minute ﹢ find after green food concealed box for eating up the time of food, minute;
The score of C, the yellow food concealed box that bites is :-0.5 minute/time * number of times before obtaining food;
D, above A, B, C, 3 morning and afternoons twice score value sum the mean value scoring that is the same day; By experiment, the average mark of many days carries out the comparison of tree shrew behavior variation.
2. tree shrew Behavioral assessment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: food concealed box selects density to be: 0.94-0.98g ∕ cm
3plastic foam is made.
3. tree shrew Behavioral assessment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: with three kinds of different adhesive tapes sealing mark food concealed boxes, be 1 redness, 1 green, a 2-4 yellow.
4. tree shrew Behavioral assessment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the color of tree shrew preference food concealed box comprises blueness, black, green.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108094260A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-06-01 | 内蒙古医科大学 | Measure the device that birds hoard food with spatial memory |
| CN110604065A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-24 | 高隽 | Tree shrew touch screen conditional behavior operating system |
| CN112106676A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-22 | 北京希诺谷生物科技有限公司 | Test cage device and evaluation method for social ability of dogs |
| CN114051943A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-18 | 广东春盛生物科技发展有限公司 | Non-human primate memory ability evaluation system |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102499105A (en) * | 2011-10-06 | 2012-06-20 | 中国医学科学院医学生物学研究所 | Method for building a water maze spatial learning and memory model for tree shrews |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102499105A (en) * | 2011-10-06 | 2012-06-20 | 中国医学科学院医学生物学研究所 | Method for building a water maze spatial learning and memory model for tree shrews |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 王静等: "树鼩模型:抑郁症的社会竞争失败与学习和记忆的被捕获条件反射(英文)", 《动物学研究》, vol. 32, no. 1, 31 December 2011 (2011-12-31), pages 24 - 30 * |
| 连秀珍等: "慢性环境刺激对中国树鼩行为方式的影响", 《生态科学》, vol. 31, no. 6, 30 November 2012 (2012-11-30), pages 666 - 670 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108094260A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-06-01 | 内蒙古医科大学 | Measure the device that birds hoard food with spatial memory |
| CN110604065A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-24 | 高隽 | Tree shrew touch screen conditional behavior operating system |
| CN112106676A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-22 | 北京希诺谷生物科技有限公司 | Test cage device and evaluation method for social ability of dogs |
| CN114051943A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-18 | 广东春盛生物科技发展有限公司 | Non-human primate memory ability evaluation system |
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| CN103598144B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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