CN112103756A - Spin terahertz transmitter with controllable polarization direction - Google Patents
Spin terahertz transmitter with controllable polarization direction Download PDFInfo
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- CN112103756A CN112103756A CN202011084028.XA CN202011084028A CN112103756A CN 112103756 A CN112103756 A CN 112103756A CN 202011084028 A CN202011084028 A CN 202011084028A CN 112103756 A CN112103756 A CN 112103756A
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S1/00—Masers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range
- H01S1/02—Masers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range solid
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spin terahertz transmitter with controllable polarization direction, which comprises a metal shell, a spin terahertz source arranged in the metal shell, a first electromagnetic coil and a third electromagnetic coil which are vertically arranged and oppositely arranged at two ends of the spin terahertz source, a second electromagnetic coil and a fourth electromagnetic coil which are vertically arranged and oppositely arranged at two sides of the spin terahertz source, and an optical focusing lens for focusing femtosecond laser; the spinning terahertz source comprises a glass substrate, a ferromagnetic layer and a non-magnetic layer which are horizontally stacked in sequence; the optical focusing lens is embedded on the bottom surface of the metal shell, and the focal length of the optical focusing lens is equal to the distance between the boundary of the ferromagnetic layer and the glass substrate and the optical focusing lens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of terahertz emission equipment, in particular to a spinning terahertz emitter with controllable polarization direction.
Background
The terahertz frequency band is located between infrared and microwave, is a transition frequency band of macroscopic electronics and microscopic photonics, has various advantages of broadband property, low energy, high permeability, uniqueness and the like, and has great scientific value and wide application prospect in the fields of nondestructive testing, satellite communication, medical diagnosis, satellite communication and the like. The spinning terahertz source has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and the like due to the unique terahertz generation mechanism, and is an important development direction of the future terahertz technology.
In the prior art, a spinning terahertz source needs a permanent magnet, a chopper, an off-axis parabolic mirror and other devices to modulate and collimate generated terahertz, and has the disadvantages of low efficiency, large volume, complex system and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a spin terahertz transmitter with controllable polarization direction.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a spin terahertz transmitter with controllable polarization direction comprises a metal shell, a spin terahertz source arranged in the metal shell, a first electromagnetic coil and a third electromagnetic coil which are vertically arranged and oppositely arranged at two ends of the spin terahertz source, a second electromagnetic coil and a fourth electromagnetic coil which are vertically arranged and oppositely arranged at two sides of the spin terahertz source, and an optical focusing lens for focusing femtosecond laser; the spinning terahertz source comprises a glass substrate, a ferromagnetic layer and a non-magnetic layer which are horizontally stacked in sequence; the optical focusing lens is embedded on the bottom surface of the metal shell, and the focal length of the optical focusing lens is equal to the distance between the boundary of the ferromagnetic layer and the glass substrate and the optical focusing lens.
Further, the ferromagnetic layer is a magnetic multilayer film structure, and the nonmagnetic layer is a material having a spin hall angle.
Furthermore, a hyper-hemispherical silicon lens is fixedly arranged on the non-magnetic layer, and the central axis of the hyper-hemispherical silicon lens is superposed with the central axis of the optical focusing lens.
Furthermore, a silicon lens is embedded in the top surface of the metal shell, and the central axis of the silicon lens coincides with the central axis of the optical focusing lens.
Further, the sum of the focal length of the silicon lens and the focal length of the hyper-hemispherical silicon lens is equal to the distance from the silicon lens to the vertex of the hyper-hemispherical silicon lens.
Furthermore, a horizontally arranged base, a support which is positioned at the lower part of the base and one end of which is fixedly connected with the base, and a screw are arranged in the metal shell; the screw is screwed into the bottom of the metal shell and is connected with the other end of the support, and the distance between the spinning terahertz source and the bottom surface of the metal shell can be adjusted when the screw rotates; the ferromagnetic layer is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base.
Furthermore, the base is provided with a central hole which does not shield the propagation of the femtosecond laser when the optical focusing lens focuses the femtosecond laser to the terahertz source.
Furthermore, the first electromagnetic coil and the third electromagnetic coil are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on two inner side walls of the metal shell, the second electromagnetic coil and the fourth electromagnetic coil are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the other two inner side walls of the metal shell, small holes are formed in the metal shell, the first electromagnetic coil and the third electromagnetic coil are powered through a first electrode, the second electromagnetic coil and the fourth electromagnetic coil are powered through a second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are led out of the metal shell through the small holes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
1. according to the invention, the femtosecond laser is focused on the junction of the ferromagnetic layer and the glass substrate, the ferromagnetic layer is caused to generate ultrafast spin current under the action of the heat effect of a focusing light field, and the ultrafast spin current is converted into ultrafast charge current when reaching the nonmagnetic layer, so that terahertz radiation is generated without a permanent magnet with a large volume; simple structure, small volume and low cost.
2. The terahertz modulation is realized by adjusting the repetition frequency and the duty ratio of pulse current introduced into the two electrodes, and the detection of the spinning terahertz is finally realized by the lock-in amplifier, so that the use of heavy devices such as a chopper and the like is omitted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a bottom view of the present invention.
In the figure: 101. a non-magnetic layer; 102. a ferromagnetic layer; 103. a glass substrate; 104. a fixed base; 105. a support; 106. a hyper-hemispherical silicon lens; 107. a silicon lens; 108. a metal housing; 109. an optical focusing lens; 110-1, a first electromagnetic coil; 110-2, a second electromagnetic coil; 110-3, a third electromagnetic coil; 110-4, a fourth electromagnetic coil.
Detailed Description
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a spin terahertz transmitter with controllable polarization direction includes a metal housing 108, a spin terahertz source disposed inside the metal housing, a first electromagnetic coil 110-1 and a third electromagnetic coil 110-3 disposed vertically and oppositely at both ends of the spin terahertz source, a second electromagnetic coil 110-2 and a fourth electromagnetic coil 110-4 disposed vertically and oppositely at both sides of the spin terahertz source, and an optical focusing lens 109 for focusing femtosecond laser light; the spin terahertz source comprises a glass substrate 103, a ferromagnetic layer 102 and a non-magnetic layer 101 which are horizontally stacked in sequence; the optical focusing lens is embedded on the bottom surface of the metal shell, and the focal length of the optical focusing lens is equal to the distance between the boundary of the ferromagnetic layer and the glass substrate and the optical focusing lens.
The metal shell is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and includes four side surfaces, a top surface and a bottom surface, where "top", "bottom" and "sides" are relative to the drawings and do not limit the technical solution of the present invention.
The femtosecond laser is focused on the junction of the ferromagnetic layer and the glass substrate, the ferromagnetic layer is caused to generate ultrafast spin current under the action of the heat effect of a focusing light field, and the ultrafast spin current is converted into ultrafast charge current when reaching the nonmagnetic layer so as to generate terahertz radiation without a huge permanent magnet; simple structure, small volume and low cost.
The ferromagnetic layer is a magnetic multilayer film structure, and the nonmagnetic layer is a material with a spin Hall angle; in this embodiment, the nonmagnetic layer is tungsten or platinum; the ferromagnetic layer is a cobalt-iron-boron multilayer film, and comprises three layers, wherein the first layer is cobalt, the second layer is iron, and the third layer is boron.
As shown in fig. 1, a hyper-hemispherical silicon lens 106 is fixed on the non-magnetic layer, and a central axis of the hyper-hemispherical silicon lens coincides with a central axis of the optical focusing lens.
In this embodiment, the radius of the hyper-hemispherical silicon lens is 5mm, the thickness is 6mm, and the hyper-hemispherical silicon lens is fixedly connected with the top surface of the non-magnetic layer through optical cement.
As shown in fig. 1, a silicon lens 107 is embedded in the top surface of the metal shell, and a central axis of the silicon lens coincides with a central axis of the optical focusing lens.
In this embodiment, the radius of the silicon lens is 100mm, and the focal length is 50 mm.
As shown in fig. 1, the sum of the focal length of the silicon lens and the focal length of the hyper-hemispherical silicon lens is equal to the distance from the silicon lens to the vertex of the hyper-hemispherical silicon lens.
The terahertz radiation is generated by the nonmagnetic layer, is gathered near an optical axis by the hyper-hemispherical silicon lens, and is collimated and emitted in parallel by the silicon lens.
As shown in fig. 1, a horizontally arranged base 104, a support 105 located at the lower part of the base and having one end fixedly connected with the base, and a screw are arranged in the metal housing; the screw is screwed into the bottom of the metal shell and is connected with the other end of the support, and the distance between the spinning terahertz source and the bottom surface of the metal shell can be adjusted when the screw rotates; the ferromagnetic layer is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base.
The number of the supports is four, and the supports are respectively vertically arranged at four corners of the base; the ferromagnetic layer is fixed to the upper surface of the base by an optical cement.
The base is provided with a central hole which does not shield the propagation of the femtosecond laser when the optical focusing lens focuses the femtosecond laser to the terahertz source.
As shown in fig. 1, the first electromagnetic coil and the third electromagnetic coil are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on two inner side walls of the metal shell, the second electromagnetic coil and the fourth electromagnetic coil are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the other two inner side walls of the metal shell, the metal shell is provided with a small hole, the first electromagnetic coil and the third electromagnetic coil are powered by a first electrode 111-1, the second electromagnetic coil and the fourth electromagnetic coil are powered by a second electrode 111-2, and the first electrode and the second electrode are led out of the metal shell through the small hole.
The four electromagnetic coils are respectively and fixedly arranged on the four side surfaces through optical cement, wherein the first electromagnetic coil and the third electromagnetic coil form a pair, and the second electromagnetic coil and the fourth electromagnetic coil form a pair.
In the embodiment, the four electromagnetic coils are all rectangular, and the centers of the electromagnetic coils are overlapped with the centers of the side surfaces on which the electromagnetic coils are arranged.
The operation of the present invention will be described by taking the pulse current flowing through the first electrode 111-1 as an example.
After the pulse current is applied to the first electrode 111-1, a pulse magnetic field perpendicular to the first electromagnetic coil is generated at the center inside the metal shell, and assuming that the direction of the pulse magnetic field is directed from the first electromagnetic coil to the third electromagnetic coil, the magnetization direction of the ferromagnetic layer 102 is the same as the direction of the pulse magnetic field, and the magnitude of the magnetization direction is M. When the femtosecond laser is irradiated onto the spin terahertz source from the bottom of the metal shell 108, the optical focusing lens 109 focuses the femtosecond laser, the focused laser beam is irradiated onto the spin terahertz source through the central hole of the pedestal, and the length of the support is adjusted by rotating the screw, so that the focused laser beam is focused on the interface between the ferromagnetic layer 102 and the glass substrate 103. Inducing the ferromagnetic layer to generate an ultrafast spin current j far away from the incidence direction of the femtosecond laser under the action of the thermal effect of the focused light fieldsWhen the ultrafast spin current reaches the nonmagnetic layer 101, the ultrafast spin current will be converted into an ultrafast charge current j due to the inverse hall effect of spincWhich satisfies the following relationship:
jc＝γjs×M/|M|；
where γ is the spin hall angle of the nonmagnetic layer material.
By maxwell's electromagnetic theory, the ultrafast charge flow will generate terahertz radiation with the polarization direction of the terahertz radiation perpendicular to the direction of the pulsed magnetic field, i.e., perpendicular to the direction of the second electromagnetic coil. The radiated terahertz is gathered near an optical axis through a hyper-hemispherical silicon lens 106, is collimated through a silicon lens 107, and is emitted in parallel.
When a pulse current is applied to the coils 110-2 and 110-4 through the electrode 111-2, the polarization direction of the terahertz radiation is a direction perpendicular to the first electromagnetic coil.
The modulation of terahertz can be realized by regulating the repetition frequency and the duty ratio of pulse current introduced into the first electrode 111-1 and the second electrode 111-2, and the detection of spinning terahertz is finally realized by the lock-in amplifier, so that the use of heavy devices such as a chopper and the like is omitted.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A spin terahertz transmitter with controllable polarization direction is characterized by comprising a metal shell (108), a spin terahertz source arranged in the metal shell, a first electromagnetic coil (110-1) and a third electromagnetic coil (110-3) which are vertically arranged and oppositely arranged at two ends of the spin terahertz source, a second electromagnetic coil (110-2) and a fourth electromagnetic coil (110-4) which are vertically arranged and oppositely arranged at two sides of the spin terahertz source, and an optical focusing lens (109) for focusing femtosecond laser; the spin terahertz source comprises a glass substrate (103), a ferromagnetic layer (102) and a non-magnetic layer (101) which are horizontally stacked in sequence; the optical focusing lens is embedded on the bottom surface of the metal shell, and the focal length of the optical focusing lens is equal to the distance between the boundary of the ferromagnetic layer and the glass substrate and the optical focusing lens.
2. The controllable-polarization-direction spin terahertz transmitter of claim 1, wherein: the ferromagnetic layer is a magnetic multilayer film structure, and the nonmagnetic layer is a material with a spin Hall angle.
3. The controllable-polarization-direction spin terahertz transmitter of claim 1, wherein: and a hyper-hemispherical silicon lens (106) is fixedly arranged on the non-magnetic layer, and the central axis of the hyper-hemispherical silicon lens is superposed with the central axis of the optical focusing lens.
4. The controllable-polarization-direction spin terahertz transmitter of claim 3, wherein: and a silicon lens (107) is embedded in the top surface of the metal shell, and the central axis of the silicon lens coincides with the central axis of the optical focusing lens.
5. The controllable-polarization-direction spin terahertz transmitter of claim 4, wherein: the sum of the focal length of the silicon lens and the focal length of the hyper-hemispherical silicon lens is equal to the distance from the silicon lens to the vertex of the hyper-hemispherical silicon lens.
6. The controllable-polarization-direction spin terahertz transmitter of claim 1, wherein: a base (104) which is horizontally arranged, a support (105) which is positioned at the lower part of the base and one end of which is fixedly connected with the base and a screw are arranged in the metal shell; the screw is screwed into the bottom of the metal shell and is connected with the other end of the support, and the distance between the spinning terahertz source and the bottom surface of the metal shell can be adjusted when the screw rotates; the ferromagnetic layer is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base.
7. The controllable-polarization-direction spin terahertz transmitter of claim 6, wherein: the base is provided with a central hole which does not shield the propagation of the femtosecond laser when the optical focusing lens focuses the femtosecond laser to the spinning terahertz source.
8. The controllable-polarization-direction spin terahertz transmitter of claim 1, wherein: the first electromagnetic coil and the third electromagnetic coil are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on two inner side walls of the metal shell, the second electromagnetic coil and the fourth electromagnetic coil are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the other two inner side walls of the metal shell, small holes are formed in the metal shell, the first electromagnetic coil and the third electromagnetic coil are powered through a first electrode (111-1), the second electromagnetic coil and the fourth electromagnetic coil are powered through a second electrode (111-2), and the first electrode and the second electrode are led out of the metal shell through the small holes.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113284704A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-20 | 北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院(北京航空航天大学合肥研究生院) | Self-rotating terahertz transmitter based on heat dissipation structure |
| CN113489463A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-08 | 北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院(北京航空航天大学合肥研究生院) | Polarization and amplitude controllable spinning terahertz control system |
| CN113507030A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-10-15 | 北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院(北京航空航天大学合肥研究生院) | Self-rotating terahertz generation device |
| CN113612102A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-05 | 北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院(北京航空航天大学合肥研究生院) | Self-rotating terahertz generation device |
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| CN113284704A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-20 | 北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院(北京航空航天大学合肥研究生院) | Self-rotating terahertz transmitter based on heat dissipation structure |
| CN113284704B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-07-19 | 北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院(北京航空航天大学合肥研究生院) | Self-rotating terahertz transmitter based on heat dissipation structure |
| CN113507030A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-10-15 | 北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院(北京航空航天大学合肥研究生院) | Self-rotating terahertz generation device |
| CN113489463A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-08 | 北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院(北京航空航天大学合肥研究生院) | Polarization and amplitude controllable spinning terahertz control system |
| CN113612102A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-05 | 北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院(北京航空航天大学合肥研究生院) | Self-rotating terahertz generation device |
| CN113612102B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-06-23 | 北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院(北京航空航天大学合肥研究生院) | Spin terahertz generating device |
| CN113489463B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-07-28 | 北京航空航天大学合肥创新研究院(北京航空航天大学合肥研究生院) | Polarization and amplitude controllable spin terahertz control system |
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