CN112098151A - Cloud and mist water collection device and cloud and mist water collection method - Google Patents
Cloud and mist water collection device and cloud and mist water collection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112098151A CN112098151A CN202010929896.7A CN202010929896A CN112098151A CN 112098151 A CN112098151 A CN 112098151A CN 202010929896 A CN202010929896 A CN 202010929896A CN 112098151 A CN112098151 A CN 112098151A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/20—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state for flowing or falling materials
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cloud and mist water collection device and a cloud and mist water collection method. The cloud water collection system includes: at least one cloud water collector; and a controller configured to control at least one cloud water collector, wherein each cloud water collector comprises: the device comprises a shell, a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring and a sealing ring, wherein the shell is provided with an inlet, an outlet and a hollow cavity between the inlet and the outlet along the longitudinal direction; at least one cloud and mist water collection net, each cloud and mist water collection net being positionable in the hollow chamber and having an upper end that is inclined toward the inlet such that a windward side of each cloud and mist water collection net forms an acute included angle with a longitudinal centerline of the hollow chamber; and a fan positioned downstream of the mist and water collection net and proximate the outlet of the housing, the fan being variable speed. The cloud and mist water collecting device greatly widens the collecting function of the cloud and mist water collecting device by adopting the variable-speed fan, the electrically-heated cloud and mist water collecting net and the modularized cloud and mist water collecting device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cloud and mist water collection, in particular to a cloud and mist water collection device and a cloud and mist water collection method.
Background
Clouds are generally complex systems composed of the atmosphere, cloud condensation nuclei (or "aerosols"), liquid or solid water. Cloud and fog are usually high in mountainous regions. Through the research on the particle size distribution and chemical components of the cloud and mist water, scientific support can be provided for the research on atmospheric environment and artificial influence weather. In order to research the particle size distribution, chemical composition and change rule of the cloud water, a cloud water sample is generally collected. Single or multi-stage cloud and mist water samplers have been developed. The cloud water sampler generally utilizes a Teflon rope or a Teflon rod to intercept fog drops to achieve the purpose of collecting a cloud water sample, wherein Teflon refers to polytetrafluoroethylene (abbreviated as Teflon).
The Chinese invention patent CN101769831B discloses a fog collection device. The fog collection device is provided with a hollow shell. The housing has an inlet and an outlet, and a rain cover is disposed over the inlet. Both the mist-absorbing net and the fan are arranged in the housing, and the fan is located downstream of the mist-absorbing net. The lower end of the fog absorption net is provided with a fog collection vessel used for collecting condensed fog. US patent US4,697,462 discloses another cloud water collector. The cloud water collector has a housing divided into a front portion and a rear portion. Three teflon rope nets are arranged in the front shell, a fan is arranged in the rear shell, and a rainproof device can be installed at the inlet of the front shell. A cloud and mist water drop collecting device is arranged below the Teflon rope net.
However, in both of the above-described mist collection device solutions, there is no mention of the influence of fan speed on the collection function. In fact, the speed of the fan is closely related to the collection function of the mist collection device. The different fan suction speed will decide the wide fog of different particle sizes that fog collection system gathered. The faster the fan rotates, the stronger the suction force it provides, the wider the section of the mist particle size that can collide and condense onto the mist absorbing screen, and thus the finer the particle size of the mist particles that can be collected. In other words, the collection function of the cloud and mist water collection device in the prior art is insufficient. Moreover, the prior art cloud and mist water collection devices are not modularized, resulting in further limited functionality.
Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a new solution to the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, that is, to solve the technical problems that the existing cloud and mist water collecting device has limited collecting function and is not modularized, the invention provides a cloud and mist water collecting device, comprising: at least one cloud water collector; and a controller configured to control the at least one cloud water collector, wherein each of the cloud water collectors comprises: a housing having an inlet, an outlet, and a hollow chamber between the inlet and the outlet along a longitudinal direction thereof; at least one cloud water collection mesh, each of the cloud water collection meshes being positionable in the hollow chamber and having an upper end that is inclined toward the inlet such that a windward side of each of the cloud water collection meshes forms an acute included angle with a longitudinal centerline of the hollow chamber; and a fan positioned downstream of the cloud and mist water collection screen and proximate the outlet of the housing, the fan being variable speed.
In a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned mist water collection device, each of the mist water collection nets includes a plurality of coagulation ropes, each of the coagulation ropes has a hollow inner cavity, and an electric heating wire capable of heating the coagulation rope is disposed in the inner cavity, and the electric heating wire is configured to be electrically connected to a power supply through an electrical connection device.
In a preferred technical scheme of the cloud and mist water collecting device, the coagulation rope is made of polypropylene or polytetrafluoroethylene materials.
In a preferred embodiment of the mist water collection device, each of the mist water collection nets includes an outer frame, the coagulation ropes are fixed to the outer frame in parallel, each of the coagulation ropes has a predetermined diameter, and a first predetermined distance is provided between adjacent coagulation ropes.
In a preferred embodiment of the above cloud water collection device, the predetermined diameter is 0.5mm, and the first predetermined distance is 2 mm.
In the preferable technical scheme of the cloud and mist water collection device, the shell is made of organic glass materials.
In a preferred embodiment of the above cloud and mist water collecting device, the cloud and mist water collector further comprises a rain-proof interference cover configured to be detachably fixed to the inlet of the housing, and the rain-proof interference cover has a cloud and mist water and mist inflow port disposed at a bottom thereof to be free from interference of rain water and a flow passage disposed inside thereof to guide the cloud and mist air flow into the hollow chamber.
In an optimal technical scheme of the cloud and mist water collection device, the cloud and mist water collection device further comprises an air distribution plate, wherein uniformly distributed vent holes are formed in the air distribution plate, and the air distribution plate is arranged between the cloud and mist water collection net and the fan and is a second preset distance away from the fan.
In a preferred technical scheme of the cloud and mist water collection device, the vent holes are honeycomb-shaped hexagonal open holes.
In a preferable technical solution of the above cloud water collection device, the second predetermined distance is 5 cm.
In a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned cloud and mist water collection device, the cloud and mist water collection device further comprises a condensed cloud and mist water tank disposed below the cloud and mist water collection net, and the condensed cloud and mist water tank is mounted on the housing.
In the preferable technical scheme of the cloud and mist water collection device, an electric heating device is arranged below the bottom of the condensed cloud and mist water tank.
In a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned cloud and mist water collection device, the at least one cloud and mist water collector includes a cloud and mist water collector, and the condensation rope of the cloud and mist water collection net has a hollow inner cavity, in which an electric heating wire is arranged, and the controller controls the power-on and power-off of the electric heating wire.
In an preferable technical solution of the above-mentioned cloud water collector, the at least one cloud water collector includes two cloud water collectors: the device comprises a first cloud water collector and a second cloud water collector.
In a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned mist water collector, the first mist water collector and the second mist water collector are configured to be arranged at a same predetermined position, and the fan of the first mist water collector is configured to provide a first wind speed, while the fan of the second mist water collector is configured to simultaneously provide a second wind speed different from the first wind speed.
In a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned mist water collector, the first mist water collector is configured to be arranged at a first position with a first height gradient, the second mist water collector is configured to be arranged at a second position with a second height gradient, the second gradient is lower than the first gradient, and the fans of the first and second mist water collectors are configured to provide the same wind speed at the same time.
The technical personnel in the field can understand that the cloud and fog water collector of the cloud and fog water collecting device can meet the requirement of collecting different particle size widths of cloud and fog water by using the same cloud and fog water collector through the variable-speed fan, thereby widening the collecting function of the cloud and fog water collecting device and being applicable to different cloud and fog water observation schemes. And the single fan provides different speeds, so that the number of accessories of the whole cloud and mist water collecting device is reduced, and the cloud and mist water collecting device is easier to maintain. In addition, each cloud water collector forms a separate module. In the case of multiple mist water collectors, each of the mist water collectors may be handled and installed separately, and therefore the mist water collector of the present invention is more convenient to transport and install, especially in mountainous conditions. The upper ends of the cloud and mist water collecting nets incline towards the inlet of the shell, so that an acute angle is formed between the windward side of each cloud and mist water collecting net and the longitudinal center line of the hollow cavity, and condensed cloud and mist water can flow downwards along the cloud and mist water collecting nets under the action of gravity.
Preferably, the coagulation rope has a hollow inner cavity in which a heating wire is arranged that can heat the coagulation rope. In the mountainous regions where the frozen fog easily occurs in winter, the condensing rope is heated by electrifying the heating wire, so that the cloud and fog water collector can be prevented from being frozen. If the mist water collector freezes, the collection of the frozen mist water becomes difficult. Therefore, the cloud and mist water collecting device can work normally even in a frozen mist season, and the collecting function is further widened.
Preferably, an electric heating device is arranged below the bottom of the condensed cloud water tank. When the device is needed, the condensed cloud and mist water tank is heated by the electric heating device, so that smooth implementation of cloud and mist water collection can be further ensured.
Preferably, the housing of the cloud water collector is made of organic glass material, so that pollution to the collected sample can be avoided.
Preferably, the cloud water collection net is removably insertable into a slot provided on the housing. The design facilitates the replacement of the cloud and mist water collecting net, and different configurations of the cloud and mist water collecting net can be adopted according to the change of the cloud and mist water observation scheme or the requirement.
Preferably, the cloud and mist water collector further comprises a rain and mist interference prevention cover. The rain interference cover is configured to be detachably fixed to the inlet of the housing, and has a mist water vapor inflow port provided on a bottom thereof to be free from interference of rainwater and a flow passage provided inside thereof to introduce a mist water airflow into the hollow chamber. This rain-proof water disturbs the collection function that the lid can guarantee cloud fog when raining also can not receive the influence.
Preferably, the mist water collecting device comprises a mist water collector, and heating wires are distributed in condensation ropes of a mist water collecting net of the mist water collector. Therefore, when the mountain frozen fog needs to be observed in winter, for example, the cloud and fog water collection device can realize frozen fog collection by operating a heating-pumping mode.
Preferably, the cloud water collecting device comprises two cloud water collectors: the device comprises a first cloud water collector and a second cloud water collector. Through the combined control of the installation positions of the first cloud and mist water collector and the second cloud and mist water collector and the wind speed of the fan, the cloud and mist water collection modes with different height gradients and the classification cloud and mist water collection mode can be respectively realized.
The invention also provides a cloud and mist water collection method of the cloud and mist water collection device, which comprises the following steps: determining the particle size of target cloud water to be collected; selecting a speed of the fan based on the target cloud water particle size; and opening the fan to draw a cloud water flow from the ambient environment through the condensation rope network at the selected speed to collect a target cloud water sample. The collection of cloud and mist water samples with different particle sizes and widths can be realized by utilizing different speeds of the fan.
In a preferred embodiment of the cloud water collection method, a heating wire is disposed in an inner cavity of a condensation rope of the cloud water collection net, and the step of turning on the fan to draw the cloud water airflow from the atmosphere at the selected speed to flow through the condensation rope net so as to collect the target cloud water sample further comprises the following steps: turning on the fan for a first period of time; after the first time period, the fan is turned off, and the electric heating wire is electrified and continues for a second time period; after the second period of time, the heating wire is de-energized and the steps of turning on the fan and continuing for the first period of time are repeated. By the technical scheme, a heating-suction cloud and mist water collection mode can be implemented.
In a preferred embodiment of the above cloud water collection method, the cloud water collection device includes a first cloud water collector and a second cloud water collector, the first and second cloud water collectors are disposed at a same predetermined position, and the step of turning on the fan to draw the cloud water airflow from the atmosphere through the condensation rope network at the selected speed so as to collect the target cloud water sample further includes the steps of: and controlling the fan of the first cloud water collector to operate at a first speed, and simultaneously controlling the fan of the second cloud water collector to operate at a second speed different from the first speed so as to collect the cloud water samples in a grading manner. By the technical scheme, a graded cloud and mist water collection mode can be implemented.
In a preferred embodiment of the above cloud water collection method, the cloud water collection device comprises a first cloud water collector and a second cloud water collector, the first cloud water collector is arranged at a first predetermined position with a first height gradient, the second cloud water collector is arranged at a second predetermined position with a second height gradient, the second height gradient is lower than the first height gradient, and the step of opening the fan to draw the cloud water airflow from the atmosphere through the condensation rope network at the selected speed so as to collect the target cloud water sample further comprises the steps of: and simultaneously controlling fans of the first cloud water collector and the second cloud water collector to run at the same speed so as to collect cloud water samples from different height gradients. Through the technical scheme, the cloud and mist water collection modes with different height gradients can be implemented.
Drawings
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a cloud water collection system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a cloud water collector in a cloud water collection apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a right side view of a first embodiment of the cloud water collector of the cloud water collection apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of a cloud water collection screen in a cloud water collection apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a coagulation rope of a mist water collection screen in the mist water collection apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a cloud water collector in the cloud water collection apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the installation of the first embodiment of the cloud water collection device of the present invention shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a cloud water collection device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a first installation of the second embodiment of the cloud water collection device of the invention shown in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a second installation of the second embodiment of the cloud water collection device of the invention shown in FIG. 8;
fig. 11 is a flow chart of a cloud water collection method of the cloud water collection device of the present invention.
List of reference numerals:
1. a cloud and mist water collector; 1a, an alternative cloud and mist water collector; 11. a housing; 111. a housing main body; 111a, an inlet; 111b, an outlet; 111c, a top wall; 111d, a bottom wall; 112. a slot cover; 113. a condensed cloud water tank; 114. a hollow chamber; 115. a housing fan section; 12. a cloud and mist water collection net; 12a, the windward side; 12b, upper end; 12c, lower end; 121. an outer frame; 122. rope condensation; 122a, an inner cavity; 123. an electric heating wire; 13. a condensed cloud water storage device; 14. a rain interference prevention cover; 14a, a top side; 14b, a bottom side; 14c, right side; 14d, front side; 141. a cloud water air flow inlet; 15. a fan; 16. a wind distribution plate; 21. a first connecting means; 22. a second connecting means; 3. a cloud and mist water collection device; 31. a controller; 32. a first cloud and mist water collector; 33. a second cloud and mist water collector; 4. a mountain body.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are for convenience of description only, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or through the communication between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In order to solve the technical problems of insufficient acquisition function and no modularization of the existing cloud and mist water acquisition device, the invention provides a cloud and mist water acquisition device 3. The cloud water collection device 3 includes: at least one cloud water collector 1, 1 a; and a controller 31, the controller 31 being configured to control at least one cloud water collector 1, 1a, wherein each cloud water collector 1, 1a comprises: a housing 11, the housing 11 having an inlet 111a, an outlet 111b, and a hollow chamber between the inlet 111a and the outlet 111b along a longitudinal direction thereof; at least one cloud water collection mesh 12, each cloud water collection mesh 12 being positionable in the hollow chamber 14 and having an upper end 12b inclined towards the inlet 111a such that the windward side 12a of each cloud water collection mesh 12 forms an acute included angle θ with the longitudinal centerline C of the hollow chamber 114; and a fan 15, the fan 15 being positioned downstream of the cloud water collection mesh 12 and proximate to the outlet 111a of the housing 11, the fan 15 being variable speed.
As referred to herein, the "longitudinal centerline C" refers to the centerline of the housing of the mist water collector that is parallel to the direction of the mist water gas stream flow within the housing from the inlet to the outlet, e.g., the longitudinal centerline C coincides with the horizontal direction based on the orientation shown in fig. 1. The inlet of the housing is the inlet of the mist-laden air stream into the housing and the outlet is the outlet of the mist-laden air stream from the housing.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a cloud water collection system of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, in one or more embodiments, the cloud water collecting device 3 includes a controller 31 and a cloud water collector: a first cloud water collector 32. The controller 31 is configured to control the first cloud water collector 32, including but not limited to controlling a fan and/or an electric heating device of the first cloud water collector 32. The controller 31 can be any suitable control device known in the art including, but not limited to, a field controller and a remote controller, such as a button controller, a touch screen controller, a programmable controller, and the like. The first mist water collector 32 is formed by the mist water collector 1 or 1 a.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a mist water collector in the mist water collecting device according to the invention, and fig. 3 is a right side view of the first embodiment of the mist water collector in the mist water collecting device shown in fig. 2. The schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 2 is cut along the longitudinal centre line C of the cloud water collector 1. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in one or more embodiments, the cloud water collector 1 includes a housing 11, three cloud water collecting nets 12, a condensed cloud water storage 13, a rain water interference cover 14, and a fan 15. The condensed cloud water storage 13 can be replaceably placed under the cloud water collection net 12.
As shown in fig. 2, in one or more embodiments, the housing 11 includes a housing main body 111 and a housing fan section 115 integrally connected to the housing main body 111. One longitudinal end of the housing main body 111 forms an inlet 111a in the direction of the longitudinal center line C, and the other opposite longitudinal end of the housing main body 111 abuts one longitudinal end of the housing blower part 115. The other opposite longitudinal end of the casing blower portion 115 forms an outlet 111 b. The casing fan section 115 is configured to accommodate the fan 15 therein. A hollow chamber 114 extending from the inlet 111a to the outlet 111b is formed in the casing main body 111 and the casing blower part 115. The housing 11 is preferably made of plexiglass, which does not contaminate the sample to be collected. Alternatively, the housing 11 may be made of other suitable inert resins.
In one or more embodiments, the housing 11 is formed as a generally rectangular parallelepiped box having a square cross-section (which is perpendicular to the longitudinal centerline C). Wherein the square cross-section of the housing body 111 is smaller than the square cross-section of the housing fan section 115. In other words, the casing fan section 115 is enlarged radially outward with respect to the casing main body 111 so as to accommodate the fan 15. Alternatively, the housing 11 may take on a rectangular or other suitable cross-sectional shape. A plurality of first connecting means 21 are also provided on the outer wall of the inlet end of the housing 11. These first connecting means 21 are arranged to be detachably connectable with connecting means arranged at corresponding positions of the rain-proof interference cover 14 for securing the rain-proof interference cover 14 to the inlet 111a of the housing 11. The first connecting means 21 is provided as a connecting flange protruding radially outward from the housing 11 around the inlet 111a, for example, which can be fixed together with the connecting means on the rain interference cover 14 by bolts or screws. Alternatively, the first connecting means 21 may also be configured as a suitable snap or bayonet hole arrangement. Preferably, the junction between the housing 11 and the rain-proof interference cover 14 may be provided with a sealing structure to ensure that air flow or rain water does not penetrate into the housing 11 from the junction. A plurality of second connection devices 22 are also provided on the outer wall of the end portion where the casing main body 111 and the casing fan unit 115 are butted against each other. These second connecting means 22 are provided to fix the casing main body 111 and the casing fan section 115 together. The second connection means 22 are provided as connection flanges projecting radially outwards around the housing body 111, which can be fastened together by means of bolts or screws. Alternatively, the second connecting means 22 may also be configured as a suitable snap or bayonet arrangement or other suitable connecting arrangement. A sealing structure may be provided at the joint between the casing main body 111 and the casing fan section 115 to ensure that air flow or rainwater does not penetrate into the casing 11 from the joint. Alternatively, the rain interference prevention cover 14 and the housing 11 may be integrally formed; the casing main body 111 and the casing fan unit 115 may be integrally formed.
In one or more embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, three slots (not shown) are provided in the housing body 111, and one mist water collection net 12 can be inserted into each slot. The slots are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance and are parallel to each other. The distance between each slot and the inlet 111a is smaller than the distance between the corresponding slot and the outlet 111 b. In other words, the slot is positioned close to the inlet 111 a. Each slot extends between the top wall 111C and the bottom wall 111d of the housing main body 111, and an upper end of each slot is inclined toward the inlet 111a of the housing 11 such that the slot forms an acute angle θ with the longitudinal center line C. The upper end 12b (see fig. 3) of the cloud water collecting net 12 inserted into the insertion slot is thus also inclined toward the inlet 111a, and the windward side 12a of the cloud water collecting net 12 also forms an acute angle θ with the longitudinal centerline C of the housing 11. Since the bottom wall 111d of the housing main body 111 is parallel to the longitudinal center line C, the windward side 12a of the cloud water collection net 12 and the bottom wall 111d of the housing main body 111 also form an acute included angle θ. Preferably, the acute included angle θ is set to 55 °, and the condensation efficiency of the mist water can be optimized at the included angle. Alternatively, the acute included angle θ may be an angle less than 55 ° or greater than 55 °, such as 60 ° or other suitable angle. This angular arrangement facilitates the rapid flow of the condensed mist water to the lower end of the mist water collection screen 12. Alternatively, fewer than three slots, e.g., one or two, may be provided on the housing body 111. Accordingly, the number of the cloud water collecting nets 12 is also less than three, for example, one or two corresponding to the number of the slots. Optionally, the cloud water collection net 12 may be inserted into only a part of the slots according to actual observation needs. It is noted that the number of cloud water collection nets is related to the collection efficiency. The more the number of the cloud water collecting nets is, the higher the collecting efficiency is generally, but the wind resistance is increased.
As shown in fig. 2, in one or more embodiments, a slot cover 112 that is rotatably opened and closed is further provided on the top wall 111c of the housing main body 111. The slot cover 112 may sealingly cover the upper inlets of all slots to prevent rainwater or other foreign substances from entering the case main body 111. Alternatively, the slot cover 112 may take other suitable configurations such as a sliding configuration. As shown in fig. 1, in one or more embodiments, a condensed cloud water tank 113 is provided on the bottom wall 111d of the housing main body 111. The condensed cloud water tank 113 is disposed below the lower end 12c (see fig. 3) of the cloud water collection mesh 12 to collect condensed cloud water droplets dripping or flowing down from the cloud water collection mesh 12. The bottom of the condensed cloud water tank 113 is provided with an aperture structure (not shown) for discharging condensed cloud water, and the aperture structure is arranged to be in fluid communication with the condensed cloud water storage means 13. The condensed cloud water storage means 13 may be in the form of a storage bottle or tank, for example, as appropriate.
In one or more embodiments, the condensation cloud water tank 113 is made of a teflon (i.e., polytetrafluoroethylene) material, such that the condensation cloud water tank 113 has a high temperature resistance. Alternatively, the condensed cloud water tank 113 may be made of other suitable inert resin materials. In one or more embodiments, an electric heating device is provided below the bottom of the condensed cloud water tank 113 to heat the condensed cloud water tank 113 in the event that a low ambient temperature (e.g., in winter) may cause the condensed cloud water tank 113 to freeze, thereby ensuring that the collection of the cloud water is not affected by the freezing conditions. The electrical heating means may take the form of, but is not limited to, an electrical tracing band or a silicone heating plate. Electrical tracing tapes are typically composed of a conductive polymer and two parallel metal wires and an insulating sheath. Such electric tracing bands not only automatically adjust the output power but also automatically limit the temperature of heating. The silica gel heating plate is a flexible thin sheet heating element, and is generally composed of two sheets formed by sandwiching silica gel between two upper and lower sheets made of glass fiber cloth and then pressing the sheets. Due to the flexibility of the silicone heating plate, it can be brought into close contact with the bottom of the condensed cloud water tank 113, contributing to the improvement of heat transfer. In the actual operation of the mist water collector, the heating of the condensed mist water tank 113 may be performed in synchronization with the heating of the condensed rope 122 in the case where the heating wire 123 is provided in the condensed rope 122.
In one or more embodiments, a rain interference cover 14 is removably attached to the inlet end of the housing 11. As shown in fig. 2, in one or more embodiments, the rain interference cover 14 is generally triangular in cross-section along the longitudinal centerline C. Alternatively, the rain interference cover 14 may be designed as a hollow structure with other shapes, such as a cube or a cuboid structure with an opening at the bottom. Rain-proof water disturbs lid 14 and encloses by the straight wall for its processing is easier, and then can practice thrift the cost. Based on the orientation shown in fig. 2, the rain interference cover is a hollow structure enclosed by a top side 14a, a bottom side 14b, a right side 14c, a front side 14d and a rear side (which is opposite to the front side 14d, not visible in the figure). The bottom side 14b may be fully open, forming a cloud airflow inlet 141. An opening is also formed on the right side 14c to be butted against the inlet 111a of the housing 11, so that a flow path from the mist water inflow port 141 to the right side opening is formed in the rain-proof water interference cover 14. The remaining top side 14a, front side 14d and rear side are each constituted by straight walls. Top side 14a extends obliquely downward and leftward from the top edge of right side 14c to the left edge of bottom side 14b, and thus forms an angle α with bottom side 14 b. The angle a may be, for example, 35 ° or 40 ° or 60 ° or another suitable acute angle. By providing a suitable acute included angle, the top side 14a may help to direct the cloud water airstream towards the cloud water collection screen 12. The cloud water enters the rain interference cover 14 in direction a and forms a cloud water air flow B shown in fig. 2 along a flow path within the rain interference cover 14. Alternatively, the cloud water collector 1 may also be configured as a rain water interference free cover, according to the actual needs.
As shown in fig. 3, the fan 15 is disposed inside the casing fan section 115. In one or more embodiments, the fan 15 is removably mounted within the housing fan section 115, such that the fan 15 is replaceable. The fan 15 is variable speed, for example providing different speeds of 8 m/s and 2 m/s. In one or more embodiments, the fan 15 is a variable frequency fan, such as a variable frequency fan that includes a speed governor. Alternatively, the fan 15 may take the form of a variable speed fan of other suitable forms. In one or more embodiments, a cloud water collector 1 can be configured with a fan 15. Alternatively, more than one fan 15 may be provided for a single cloud water collector 1, each fan 15 having a different wind speed configuration for replacement when required to meet different observation requirements. The cloud and mist water collector 1 can collect cloud and mist water with different particle size widths at different speeds provided by the fan, so that the collecting capacity of the cloud and mist water collector is enlarged.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of a cloud water collection screen in a cloud water collection apparatus of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the mist water collection net 12 includes an outer frame 121 and a coagulation rope 122. In one or more embodiments, frame 121 is a square having four identical sides. Alternatively, the outer frame 121 may have another shape, such as a rectangular shape, matching the hollow chamber 114 of the housing body 111. Both ends of each of the coagulation ropes 122 are fixed to the upper and lower side edges of the outer frame 121, respectively. The coagulation ropes 122 are parallel to each other, and adjacent coagulation ropes 122 are spaced apart by a first predetermined distance L1. In one or more embodiments, the predetermined diameter of the rope 122 may be set to 0.5mm, and the first predetermined distance L1 between adjacent ropes may be 2 mm. Alternatively, the coagulation rope 122 may be selected with a predetermined diameter dimension other than 0.5mm, and the distance L1 between adjacent coagulation ropes may also be a value other than 2mm, according to practical needs. The coagulation rope 122 may be made of polypropylene or polytetrafluoroethylene or other suitable material. The cloud water collecting net 12 can be conveniently inserted into the corresponding slot of the case main body 111 and also can be conveniently drawn out from the slot, thereby facilitating maintenance and replacement of the cloud water collecting net 12.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a coagulation rope of a mist water collection screen in a mist water collection apparatus of the invention. As shown in FIG. 5, in one or more embodiments, the wicks 122 are hollow, such that a hollow interior 122a is formed within each of the wicks 122. A heating wire 123 may be disposed within the interior cavity 122 a. The heating wire 123 may be electrically connected to an external power source through an electrical connection means. The electrical connection means may be arranged on the housing 11 in a position corresponding to the cloud water collecting grid 12 or directly on the cloud water collecting grid 12. For example, a power supply interface is provided on the lower end 12c of each cloud water collection net 12. The heating wire 123 is controlled to heat the condensation rope 122, so that the cloud and mist water collecting device can work normally even in the season of occurrence of frozen mist (such as winter), and the function of the cloud and mist water collecting device is further expanded.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a cloud water collector in a cloud water collection apparatus of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, an alternative cloud water collector 1a is provided. In this embodiment, the air distribution plate 16 is disposed in the housing 11, so that the mist water and air flow in the mist water collector 1a can be distributed more uniformly. The air distribution plate 16 is configured to cover the entire cross-section of the hollow chamber 14 perpendicular to the longitudinal centerline C. The air distribution plate 16 is arranged between the cloud water collection net 12 and the fan 15. Optionally, the distance between the air distribution plate 16 and the fan 15 is shorter than the distance between the air distribution plate and the cloud water collection net 12. The air distribution plate 16 is spaced apart from the fan 15 by a second predetermined distance L2. In one or more embodiments, the second predetermined distance L2 between the air distribution plate 16 and the fan 15 is set to 5 centimeters, which may result in a more uniform distribution of air flow. Alternatively, the second predetermined distance L2 may have a dimension other than 5 centimeters, depending on the actual size of the cloud water collector. Evenly distributed ventilation holes (not shown) are provided in the grid 16 to allow the cloud airflow to pass over the grid 16. In one or more embodiments, the grid 16 is provided with uniformly distributed hexagonal honeycomb openings (not shown). Alternatively, other suitable forms of vent structures may be provided on the air distribution plate 16. The embodiment of the cloud mist collector is not mentioned in the embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the installation scheme of the first embodiment of the cloud water collection device of the invention shown in fig. 1. The cloud water collection device 3 of the present invention can be installed in mountainous regions. As shown in fig. 7, the first cloud collector 32 of the cloud water collecting device 3 is installed on top of the mountain 4 having the first height gradient H1. The speed of the fan 15 of the first cloud collector 32 is controlled by the controller 31, and the first cloud collector 32 can collect cloud water samples with different particle sizes.
In the case where the diameter of the coagulation ropes 122 made of teflon material is 0.5mm and the interval between the adjacent coagulation ropes 122 is 2mm, when the wind speed of the fan 15 is set to 8 m/s, if the collection efficiency is 60%, the minimum diameter of the collected mist particles is about 5 μm. Under otherwise constant conditions, when the wind speed of the fan 5 is set to 2 m/s, the minimum diameter of the collected mist particles is about 11 μm.
When the heating wire 123 is disposed inside the condensation rope 122 of the mist water collecting net 12 of the first mist water collector 32, the controller 31 may also control the power on and off of the heating wire 123. For example, during winter, when it is desired to collect the frozen fog of the area where the mountain 4 is located, the controller 31 is configured to control the first mist water collector 32 to implement a heating-suction collection mode. The heating-suction collection mode can prevent the ice melting process from evaporating too fast and prevent the collected fog particles from being discharged by the fan. In the heating-suction collection mode, the controller 31 turns on the fan 15 of the first cloud water collector 32 for a first predetermined period of time, such as 20 minutes or other suitable period of time; after a first predetermined period of time, turning off the fan 15, and energizing the heating wire 123 to heat the cloud and mist water collection net 12 for a second predetermined period of time, such as 5 minutes or other suitable period of time, ice on the cloud and mist water collection net 12 can drip into the condensed cloud and mist water storage device 13 after being heated and melted; after the second predetermined period of time, the heating wire 123 is de-energized, and the steps of turning on the blower 15 and continuously operating for the first predetermined period of time are repeated, and so on are repeated until the collection task is finished.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a cloud water collection device of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, in one or more embodiments, the present invention cloud water collecting apparatus 3 includes a first cloud water collector 32, a second cloud water collector 33, and a controller 31 controlling the first cloud water collector 32 and the second cloud water collector 33. The first mist water collector 32 and the second mist water collector 33 may share the same controller 31, or may be respectively provided with separate controllers 31. The first mist water collector 32 and the second mist water collector 33 are both composed of any one of the mist water collectors 1 or 1 a. Each mist water collector forms a module. The configuration of the first cloud water collector 32 may be the same as or different from that of the second cloud water collector 33, as required by the observation scheme. When the mist water collector of the present invention has a plurality of mist water collectors, the mist water collectors can be transported and installed separately. The single cloud water collector module is small in volume, so that the cloud water collector is convenient to transport and install and is particularly suitable for mountain regions. In alternative embodiments, the present invention may have more than two cloud water collectors, and the configuration of the cloud water collectors may or may not be the same, as required by the actual observation scheme.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a first installation of the second embodiment of the cloud water collection device of the invention shown in fig. 8. As shown in fig. 9, the first mist water collector 32 of the mist water collector of the invention is mounted on top of the mountain 4 having a first height gradient H1, while the second mist water collector 33 is mounted at a location of the same mountain 4 having a second height gradient H2. The second height gradient H2 is lower than the first height gradient H1, e.g., half of the first height gradient H1 or less. By the installation scheme, the cloud and mist water collection device 3 can implement cloud and mist water collection modes with different height gradients. In the different height gradient cloud water collection mode, when collecting cloud water samples of different height gradients in the mountainous region, the fans 15 of the first and second cloud water collectors 32 and 33 operate simultaneously at the same speed, so as to collect the cloud water samples from different height gradients simultaneously.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a second installation of the second embodiment of the cloud water collection device of the invention shown in fig. 8. As shown in fig. 10, the first mist water collector 32 and the second mist water collector 33 of the mist water collector of the present invention are installed at the same position, i.e., both on the top of the mountain 4 having the first height gradient H1. Through the installation scheme, the cloud and mist water collection device can implement a graded cloud and mist water collection mode. In the staged mist water collection mode, the fans 15 of the first and second mist water collectors 32, 33 are operated simultaneously, but the fan speed of the first mist water collector 32 is different from the fan speed of the second mist water collector 33. In other words, the two cloud and mist water collectors with different wind speeds collect mist and water at the same place in the mountainous area. For example, the fan speed of the first mist and water collector 32 is 8 m/s, while the fan speed of the second mist and water collector 33 is 2 m/s. In this case, the first cloud water collector 32 may collect a cloud water sample A with a particle size >5 μm, while the second cloud water collector 33 may collect a cloud water sample B with a particle size >11 μm. When analyzing the cloud water sample results, respectively analyzing the chemical components of the two cloud water samples A and B to obtain the difference between the two samples A and B; the difference between cloud water samples a and B was then used to represent the cloud water characteristics for the 5-11 μm particle size segment, while the results for cloud water sample B directly represent the cloud water characteristics for the particle size >11 μm particle size segment. Therefore, the target of sampling in the cloud mist water classification (different particle size sections) can be realized through the cloud mist water samples A and B.
In conclusion, the cloud and mist water collecting device 3 can respectively realize the purpose of collecting two-stage cloud and mist water at different heights of mountainous regions or at a single station by selecting the combination of the cloud and mist water collectors with different rotating speeds at a single position and selecting the combination of the cloud and mist water collectors with the same rotating speed at a plurality of positions with different heights, thereby expanding the use scene of the cloud and mist water collecting device and reducing the mist water collecting cost and the maintenance difficulty.
Fig. 11 is a flow chart of a cloud water collection method of the cloud water collection device of the present invention. As shown in fig. 11, the cloud water collection method according to any one of the above-described cloud water collection devices includes steps S1, S2, and S3. In step S1, a target cloud particle size to be collected is determined. For example, the cloud water particle size to be acquired in a predetermined observation scheme is 5 μm or 11 μm, or a 5-11 μm cloud water particle size segment and a >11 μm cloud water particle size segment, respectively, are acquired in a hierarchical acquisition mode. In step S2, the speed of the fan is selected based on the target cloud water particle size. For example, when the target cloud particle size is 5 μm, the speed of the fan may be selected to be 8 m/s. When the particle size of the target cloud water is 11 μm, the speed of the fan may be selected to be 2 m/s. In step S3, the fan is turned on to draw a cloud water stream from the ambient environment through the condensation rope network at a selected speed to collect a target cloud water sample. Therefore, in the cloud and mist water collection method, the cloud and mist water samples with different particle sizes and widths can be collected by utilizing different speeds of the fan.
Further, the cloud and mist water collection method of the present invention may further include a heating-suction cloud and mist water collection method, a different height gradient cloud and mist water collection method, and a graded cloud and mist water collection method. In one or more embodiments, in the heating-suction mist water collection method, the heating wire 123 needs to be disposed in the inner cavity of the condensation string of the mist water collection net. In the heating-suction mist water collection method in the presence of the frozen mist, the above step S3 further includes the steps of: turning on the fan 15 for a first period of time, for example 20 minutes or other suitable period of time; after a first period of time, the fan 15 is turned off, and the heating wire 123 is energized for a second period of time, such as 5 minutes or other suitable time; after the second period of time, the heating wire 123 is de-energized, and the step of turning on the blower 15 for the first period of time is repeated. In one or more embodiments, to implement the graded cloud water collection method, the cloud water collection device 3 comprises a first cloud water collector 32 and a second cloud water collector 33, the first cloud water collector 32 and the second cloud water collector 33 being arranged at the same location. In the graded cloud water collection method, the step S3 further includes the steps of: the fan 15 of the first cloud collector 32 is controlled to operate at a first speed (e.g., 8 m/s), while the fan 15 of the second cloud collector 33 is controlled to operate at a second speed (e.g., 2 m/s) different from the first speed, so as to collect the cloud samples in stages. In one or more embodiments, to implement the different height gradient cloud water collection method, the cloud water collection device 3 includes a first cloud water collector 32 and a second cloud water collector 33, the first cloud water collector 32 being disposed at a first predetermined location having a first height gradient H1, the second cloud water collector 33 being disposed at a second predetermined location having a second height gradient H2, wherein the second height gradient H2 is lower than the first height gradient H1. In the method for collecting cloud water with different height gradients, the step S3 further includes the following steps: the fans 15 of the first and second collectors 32, 33 are simultaneously controlled to operate at the same speed (e.g., 8 m/s or 2 m/s) to collect cloud water samples from different height gradients.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, a person skilled in the art may combine technical features of different embodiments, and may make equivalent changes or substitutions for related technical features, and such changes or substitutions will fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cloud water collection system, comprising:
at least one cloud water collector; and
a controller configured to control the at least one cloud water collector,
wherein each said cloud and mist water collector comprises:
a housing having an inlet, an outlet, and a hollow chamber between the inlet and the outlet along a longitudinal direction thereof;
at least one cloud water collection mesh, each of the cloud water collection meshes being positionable in the hollow chamber and having an upper end that is inclined toward the inlet such that a windward side of each of the cloud water collection meshes forms an acute included angle with a longitudinal centerline of the hollow chamber; and
a fan positioned downstream of the cloud and mist water collection screen and proximate the outlet of the housing, the fan being variable speed.
2. The mist water collection device of claim 1, wherein each of the mist water collection meshes comprises a plurality of coagulation strands, each of the coagulation strands having a hollow interior chamber with a heating wire disposed therein that heats the coagulation strand, the heating wire configured to form an electrical connection with a power source via an electrical connection device.
3. The mist water collection device of claim 1, wherein the coagulation rope is made of a polypropylene or polytetrafluoroethylene material.
4. The mist water collection device of claim 1, wherein each of the mist water collection nets comprises an outer frame to which the coagulation ropes are fixed in parallel with each other, the coagulation ropes having a predetermined diameter and adjacent coagulation ropes being spaced apart by a first predetermined distance.
5. The cloud water collection device of claim 4, wherein said predetermined diameter is 0.5 millimeters and said first predetermined distance is 2 millimeters.
6. The mist water collection device of claim 1, wherein the housing is made of a plexiglass material.
7. A method for collecting cloud water of the cloud water collection device according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the method for collecting cloud water comprises the following steps:
determining the particle size of target cloud water to be collected;
selecting a speed of the fan based on the target cloud water particle size; and
turning on the fan to draw a cloud water flow from the atmosphere at the selected speed through the condensation string network to collect a target cloud water sample.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein said electric heating wire is disposed within an interior cavity of a condenser rope of said mist collection screen, and wherein said step of turning on said fan to draw a stream of mist water from the atmosphere at said selected rate through said condenser rope screen in the presence of frozen mist for collecting said target mist sample further comprises the steps of:
turning on the fan for a first period of time;
after the first time period, the fan is turned off, and the electric heating wire is electrified and continues for a second time period;
after the second period of time, the heating wire is de-energized and the steps of turning on the fan and continuing for the first period of time are repeated.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the mist water collection device comprises a first mist water collector and a second mist water collector, the first and second mist water collectors being arranged at a same predetermined location, the step of turning on the fan to draw a mist water air flow from the atmosphere through the condensation rope network at the selected speed for collecting the target mist water sample further comprises the steps of:
and controlling the fan of the first cloud water collector to operate at a first speed, and simultaneously controlling the fan of the second cloud water collector to operate at a second speed different from the first speed so as to collect the cloud water samples in a grading manner.
10. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the mist water collection device comprises a first mist water collector arranged at a first predetermined location having a first height gradient and a second mist water collector arranged at a second predetermined location having a second height gradient, wherein the second height gradient is lower than the first height gradient, the step of opening the fan to draw a mist water air flow from the atmosphere at the selected speed through the condensation rope network for collecting the target mist water sample further comprises the steps of:
and simultaneously controlling fans of the first cloud water collector and the second cloud water collector to run at the same speed so as to collect cloud water samples from different height gradients.
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