CN101315314A - Atmospheric aerosol trapping method and device - Google Patents
Atmospheric aerosol trapping method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101315314A CN101315314A CNA2008101161310A CN200810116131A CN101315314A CN 101315314 A CN101315314 A CN 101315314A CN A2008101161310 A CNA2008101161310 A CN A2008101161310A CN 200810116131 A CN200810116131 A CN 200810116131A CN 101315314 A CN101315314 A CN 101315314A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an atmospheric aerosol trapping method and a device thereof. The method is characterized in that an electrical heating rod is utilized to heat pure water in continuous constant current to generate vapor; the vapor meets atmospheric airflow in a cavity where an aerosol absorbs moisture and expands; with the stay of the vapor airflow in the cavity where the aerosol absorbs moisture and expands, and with the natural cooling action, the aerosol absorbs moisture and expands; the airflow takes the aerosol which absorbs moisture and expands to a snake-shaped cooler to cool the vapor airflow into a solution, and the aerosol is trapped in the solution; the airflow with the solution formed through condensation realizes the separation of the air and the solution in an aerosol impact collector, and the collection of the aerosol. The aerosol trapping device comprises an air course part, a vapor generating part for providing vapor for the air course, a cooling device for cooling the air course circularly, and a circuit part for controlling the vapor generating part, the air course part and the cooling device. The method and the device can effectively realize the quick trapping of aerosol and on-line automatic analysis of the chemical composition of the aerosol.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of atmospheric aerosol trapping method and device.
Background technology
At present the kind of atmosphere pollution is a lot, according to the state of its existence, may be summarized to be two big classes: i.e. gaseous contaminant and aerosol state pollutant.Gasoloid is meant the solid particles or the liquid particle that can be suspended in the gas medium, mainly contains dirt, drop, chemical particle etc.Capture at present in the atmosphere the aerocolloidal method of sampling and be generally two kinds of the off-line method of sampling and on-line sampling methods, wherein the off-line method of sampling comprises: methods such as film sampling method, impacting type cascade sampling method, the on-line sampling method comprises: particle-liquid transition acquisition system (Particle-into-liquid sampler, abbreviation PILS), steam sprays gasoloid gathering-device methods such as (Steam JetAerosol Collector are called for short SJAC).
For aerocolloidal sampling analysis, adopt traditional embrane method sampling, weighing then, extraction, analysis at present both at home and abroad mostly.The defective that the method exists has: the sampling time is long, complex operation step, component sample and the preservation process in malleable etc.This just makes resulting data produce deviation, the especially measurement of half volatile component and is difficult to obtain accurate result.In recent years, a series of new gasoloid continuously trapping systems based on " steam eject trapped technology " principle are developed out, and this technology is that aerosol granules quick moisture absorption in saturated vapor is grown up, and the drop utilization bump after growing up is collected.Then with various can analyze continuously chemical constitution in the gasoloid automatically, the semi-automated analysis instrument links to each other, thereby realize automatic, the semi-automated analysis of chemical constitution in the gasoloid.
China also is in the ground zero stage to gasoloid on-line sampling Study on Technology at present, domestic mensuration major part to the aerosol chemistry composition also rests on the traditional filter membrane sampler or the method for inertial impaction sampling thief used, gasoloid is collected on the filter membrane, analyzed chemical constitution wherein after artificial the extraction again.The domestic bibliographical information that has only minute quantity the continuous ocean weather station observation data of aerosol chemistry composition, its main cause is to lack effective gasoloid rapid acquiring device and the on-line automatic analytical equipment of chemical constitution thereof.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, but the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of continuous sampling, the atmospheric aerosol trapping method that can realize effective rapid acquiring and device.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of atmospheric aerosol trapping method, it is to utilize electrically heated rod that the pure water heating of continuous constant current is made it all to be converted into steam, described steam meets with big entraining air stream in being grown up in the chamber in the gasoloid moisture absorption, along with the stop of vapor stream in being grown up in the chamber in the gasoloid moisture absorption, be accompanied by the natural cooling effect, the gasoloid moisture absorption is grown up, the steam flow band the gasoloid that moisture absorption grown up and is entered cooling coil(ed) pipe, make hot vapour air-flow cooling form solution, gasoloid is captured to solution in this process, and the air-flow band solution that condensation forms is realized gas-liquid in the gasoloid impact collector separation and aerocolloidal collection.
A kind of device of realizing atmospheric aerosol trapping method, it is characterized in that: it comprises gas path component, the steam generation parts of steam are provided for described gas circuit, be the cooling device of described gas circuit circulation cooling, control the circuit block of described steam generation parts, described gas path component and described cooling device; Described gas path component comprises the gasoloid moisture absorption chamber of growing up, described gasoloid moisture absorption is grown up the chamber by teflon interface connection cooling coil(ed) pipe, described cooling coil(ed) pipe connects the gasoloid impact collector by the teflon interface, described gasoloid impact collector connects vacuum meter, flow control valve, gas filter and sampling pump by three-way interface, and described gasoloid impact collector also connects collects aerocolloidal peristaltic pump; Described steam generation parts comprise an electrically heated rod, and described electrically heated rod is connected by teflon interface and the described gasoloid moisture absorption chamber of growing up, and a peristaltic pump is connected by pipeline and teflon interface and the described gasoloid moisture absorption chamber of growing up; Described cooling device comprises a circulating water container, described circulating water container connects a cooling pump, described cooling pump connects a refrigeration module, and described refrigeration module connects the cooling jacket of described gasoloid impact collector, and described circulating water container also connects cooling coil(ed) pipe; Described circuit block comprises a control circuit, described control circuit connects a solid-state relay, described solid-state relay connects described electrically heated rod, described control circuit also connects a pair of level sensor, and described level sensor is connected by teflon interface and the described gasoloid moisture absorption chamber of growing up.
Described refrigeration module comprises a copper sheet, described copper sheet surface is fluted, in the described groove chilled water is housed, described copper sheet top is provided with a silicone rubber plate, described silicone rubber plate top is provided with an organic glass sheet, and to the sealing of copper sheet surface groove, described copper sheet below is provided with semiconductor chilling plate to described organic glass sheet by described silicone rubber plate, the semiconductor chilling plate below is provided with heat radiator, and described heat radiator below is provided with radiator fan.
Described gasoloid moisture absorption is grown up, and all to adopt glass be that materials processing is made for chamber, cooling coil(ed) pipe and gasoloid impact collector, and described each interface all adopts polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material to make.
The present invention is owing to take above technical scheme, and it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention since with pure water by lead the continuously and stably electrical bar of heating of peristaltic pump, in the unit interval, can produce quantitative water vapour.2, the present invention allows saturated vapor fully contact with gasoloid owing to adopt the moisture absorption chamber of growing up, and guarantees that under the natural cooling effect of air the sufficient moisture absorption of gasoloid, stop grow up.3, the present invention adopts spiral coil cooling tube to make fine particle that moisture absorption grows up with the cooling of supersaturation water steam, dissolving, has realized the capture of solution to fine particle.4, the present invention is owing to adopt in the gasoloid impact collector, and the nozzle diameter that solution is crossed with air flow stream is accelerated air-flow at F 1.8-F 1.9 (mm), because inertia effect, past dirty under action of gravity behind the solution impingement baffles, realize gas-liquid separation, solution takes out continuously by peristaltic pump.5, said nozzle of the present invention plays the effect that limits gas velocity simultaneously, by the adjusting to the aspiration pump bypass valve, can realize the control to the sampling air flow flow velocity.6, apparatus of the present invention total system is divided into three parts, and every part all can be dismantled, convenient in carrying.Three parts and link all are to have selected inert material (glass and teflon etc.) for use, have guaranteed that the properties of samples of sampling process does not change.7, the present invention has selected the parts of glass structure for use, helps observing the internal work situation, is convenient in time find and fix a breakdown.But 8, the present invention's continuous sampling is easy to carry, can realize the on-line automatic analysis of effective rapid acquiring and chemical constitution thereof.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is a gas path component structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a steam generation parts structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 4 is a refrigerating plant schematic flow sheet of the present invention
Fig. 5 is a refrigeration module structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 6 is a steam generation water cut-off protection structural representation of the present invention
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes gas path component 10, steam generation parts 30, cooling device 40, circuit block 50.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, gas path component 10 of the present invention comprises gasoloid moisture absorption chamber 11, the one teflon interfaces 12 of growing up, one cooling coil(ed) pipe 13, another teflon interface 14, one gasoloid impact collectors, 15, one threeways (interface) 16, one vacuum meter 17, another threeway (interface) 18, one flow control valves 19, one gas filters 20, one sampling pump, 21, one peristaltic pumps 22.
As shown in Figure 2, the gasoloid moisture absorption of the present invention chamber 11 of growing up, the one end is an air flow inlet 11 1, one end of bottom is provided with steam and enters pipe 112, the lower, transverse that enters pipe 112 at steam is symmetrically arranged with two pipe interfaces 113,114, be provided with the mixed airflow outlet 115 of steam and atmospheric aerosol at the grow up other end of 11 bottoms, chamber of gasoloid moisture absorption, mixed airflow outlet 115 connects cooling coil(ed) pipe 13 by teflon interface 12, cooling coil(ed) pipe 13 has a cavity, in the cavity bottom cooling water inlet 131 is set, cavity top is provided with coolant outlet 132, inside cavity is provided with snakelike gas flow tube 133, the inlet of snakelike gas flow tube 133 is connected with air stream outlet 115 by teflon interface 12, the outlet of snakelike gas flow tube 133 is connected with gasoloid impact collector 15 by teflon interface 14, gasoloid impact collector 15 has a cavity, be provided with air flow inlet 151 at cavity one end, cavity top is provided with air stream outlet 152, the cavity bottom is provided with a taphole 153, and taphole 153 connects peristaltic pump 22.Be provided with a nozzle 154 in inside cavity, the other end of nozzle 154 then connects teflon interface 14, is communicated with the outlet of snakelike gas flow tube 133.Cavity 15 outsides also are provided with a cooling jacket 155, are provided with cooling water inlet 156 in the bottom of cooling jacket 155, are provided with coolant outlet 157 on the top of cooling jacket 155.Air stream outlet 152 is connected with vacuum meter 17 by three-way interface 16, and another interface of three-way interface 16 also is connected with three-way interface 18, an interface connection traffic variable valve 19 and the gas filter 20 of three-way interface 18, and another interface then is connected with sampling pump 21.
As shown in Figure 3, steam generation parts 30 of the present invention comprise an electrically heated rod 31, it stretches into steam by a teflon interface 32 and enters in pipe 112 the end opening, one peristaltic pump 33, be connected with pipe interface 114 with teflon interface 35 by pipeline 34, because the invariablenes turning speed of peristaltic pump 33, so can be the pure water that steam generation parts 30 provide continuous constant current, because the power of electrically heated rod 31 is enough big, pure water all can be converted into steam, the steam that is produced enters pipe 112 along steam and enters the gasoloid moisture absorption and grow up in the chamber 11.Sampling pump 21 in gas path component 10 of the present invention, steam generation parts 30 and the cooling device 40, peristaltic pump 22 and peristaltic pump 33 respectively are furnished with power supply.
As shown in Figure 4, cooling device 40 of the present invention comprises a circulating water container 41, one cooling pumps 42, one refrigeration modules 43.The coolant outlet 132 of cooling coil(ed) pipe 13 connects the water inlet of circulating water container 41 by the road, the water delivering orifice of circulating water container 41 is connected by the inlet of pipeline with cooling pump 42, the outlet of cooling pump 42 is connected by the inlet of pipeline with refrigeration module 43, the outlet of refrigeration module 43 is connected with the cooling water inlet 156 of cooling jacket 155 by pipeline, the coolant outlet 157 of cooling jacket 155 is connected with the cooling water inlet 131 of cooling coil(ed) pipe 13 by pipeline, forms closed cycle.Cooling pump 42 also is furnished with power supply.
As shown in Figure 5, refrigeration module 43 comprises 435, two radiator fans 436 of organic glass sheet 434, two heat radiator of 433, two semiconductor chilling plates of 431, one silicone rubber plates, 432, one copper sheets.The fixing successively formation refrigeration module of organic glass sheet 431, silicone rubber plate 432, copper sheet 433, semiconductor chilling plate 434, heat radiator 435 and radiator fan 436 usefulness screws.
In the refrigeration module 43 of present embodiment, copper sheet 433 surfaces are provided with the groove (not shown), chilled water flows therein, organic glass sheet 431 seals the groove on the copper sheet 433 by silicone rubber plate 432, semiconductor chilling plate 434 provides low temperature for copper sheet 433, heat radiator 435 and radiator fan 436 are distributed the heat of cooling piece 434, to guarantee cooling piece 434 operate as normal, make the cooling water temperature that flows in the groove of copper sheet 433.
As shown in Figure 4, the water cycle of the whole closed cycle of cooling pump 42 drives in the present embodiment flows, recirculated water cools off by refrigeration module 43, successively by the cooling jacket 155 of gasoloid impact collector 15 and the cooling-water duct of cooling coil(ed) pipe 13, get back at last in the circulating water container 41, and so forth circulation.
As shown in Figure 6, circuit block 50 of the present invention comprises: a control circuit 51, it is by the 220V ac power supply.Control circuit 51 connects a solid-state relay 52 by lead, solid-state relay 52 connects electrically heated rod 31 by lead, control circuit 51 also connects a pair of level sensor 54 by lead, and level sensor 54 is connected on the pipe interface 113,114 of gas path component 10 by teflon interface 53 and teflon interface 35.
In the present embodiment, when peristaltic pump 33 provided the pure water of continuous constant current for steam generation, symmetrically arranged level sensor 54 was switched on by pure water, and control circuit 51 works electrically heated rod 31 by solid-state relay 52 under the 220V alternating voltage.When failing to provide pure water so that steam to take place to steam raising plant for some reason, the power supply of electrically heated rod 13 will be disconnected, and this moment, circuit was implemented water cut-off protection to steam raising plant.
In sum, the inventive method is to utilize electrically heated rod 31 steam that heating produces in the pure water of constant current continuously, enter the gasoloid moisture absorption chamber 11 of growing up by pipeline, meet with the air-flow that enters air flow inlet 111, along with the stop (residence time greater than 0.3s) of air-flow in being grown up in chamber 11 in the gasoloid moisture absorption, be accompanied by the natural cooling effect, the gasoloid moisture absorption is grown up, the steam flow band the gasoloid that moisture absorption grown up and is entered cooling coil(ed) pipe 13, make hot vapour air-flow cooling form solution, gasoloid is captured to solution in this process, the air-flow band solution that condensation forms is realized aerocolloidal collection and gas-liquid in gasoloid impact collector 15 separation, the solution of collecting takes out continuously by the taphole 153 of peristaltic pump 22 from gasoloid impact collector 15, and air-flow is discharged by the air stream outlet 152 from gasoloid impact collector 15 under the effect of sampling pump 21.
As Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 6, the operation steps of the inventive method is as follows:
1, start-up course:
At first start sampling pump 21, open peristaltic pump 33 and peristaltic pump 22 more successively, and open all power supplys, sampling pump 21, peristaltic pump 33 and peristaltic pump 22 remain operating condition in whole sampling process.Near the vapour source water the electrically heated rod 31 increases gradually in the pipe 112 when steam enters, and level sensor 54 two ends are switched on, and control circuit 51 by 31 work of solid-state relay 52 control electrically heated rods the steam of about 1.2g/min takes place.When steam can be stablized generation, regulate flow control valve 19, make sampling flow maintain 16.7L/min.The wait working condition is stable, finishes startup, this process approximate number minute.
2, sampling process:
The steam that electrically heated rod 31 work produce enters in the pipe 112 at steam and rises, meet with the grow up air-flow of air flow inlet 111 in chamber 11 of gasoloid moisture absorption, along with the stop of air-flow in being grown up in chamber 11 in the gasoloid moisture absorption, be accompanied by the natural cooling effect, the gasoloid moisture absorption is grown up, the steam flow band the gasoloid that moisture absorption grown up and is entered cooling coil(ed) pipe 13, make hot vapour air-flow cooling form solution, gasoloid is captured to solution in this process, the air-flow band solution that condensation forms is realized aerocolloidal collection and gas-liquid in gasoloid impact collector 15 separation, the solution of collecting takes out continuously by the taphole 153 of peristaltic pump 22 from gasoloid impact collector 15, and air-flow air stream outlet 152 from gasoloid impact collector 15 under the effect of sampling pump 21 is discharged.
3, maintenance process:
For keeping the supply of steam generation pure water, need routine observation vacuum meter 17, the explanation sampling flow was undesired when the reading of vacuum meter 17 and initial reading deviation were big, needed to regulate flow control valve 19.Be opened into and arrive limit most as regulating flow control valve 19, do not reach the requirement flow yet, then need change gas filter 20.The periodic calibrating sampling flow.The flow of 34 unit interval of periodic measurement pipeline pure water is steam generating amount, should change peristaltic pump tube with the initial value deviation when big.When cooling circulating water is not enough, need in circulating water container 41, to add suitable cooling water.
Except that good debug is safeguarded, the present invention's non-stop run continuously.
In the present embodiment, gasoloid moisture absorption in the gas path component is grown up, and all to adopt glass be that materials processing is made for chamber, cooling coil(ed) pipe and gasoloid impact collector, the link interface adopts the inert material teflon to make, and has guaranteed that the properties of samples of sampling process does not change.
In the present embodiment, the nozzle diameter in the gasoloid impact collector is F 1.8-F 1.9 (mm).
Claims (4)
1, a kind of atmospheric aerosol trapping method, it is to utilize electrically heated rod that the pure water heating of continuous constant current is made it all to be converted into steam, described steam meets with big entraining air stream in being grown up in the chamber in the gasoloid moisture absorption, along with the stop of vapor stream in being grown up in the chamber in the gasoloid moisture absorption, be accompanied by the natural cooling effect, the gasoloid moisture absorption is grown up, the steam flow band the gasoloid that moisture absorption grown up and is entered cooling coil(ed) pipe, make hot vapour air-flow cooling form solution, gasoloid is captured to solution in this process, and the air-flow band solution that condensation forms is realized gas-liquid in the gasoloid impact collector separation and aerocolloidal collection.
2, a kind of device of realizing atmospheric aerosol trapping method, it is characterized in that: it comprises gas path component, the steam generation parts of steam are provided for described gas circuit, be the cooling device of described gas circuit circulation cooling, control the circuit block of described steam generation parts, described gas path component and described cooling device;
Described gas path component comprises the gasoloid moisture absorption chamber of growing up, described gasoloid moisture absorption is grown up the chamber by teflon interface connection cooling coil(ed) pipe, described cooling coil(ed) pipe connects the gasoloid impact collector by the teflon interface, described gasoloid impact collector connects vacuum meter, flow control valve, gas filter and sampling pump by three-way interface, and described gasoloid impact collector also connects collects aerocolloidal peristaltic pump;
Described steam generation parts comprise an electrically heated rod, and described electrically heated rod is connected by teflon interface and the described gasoloid moisture absorption chamber of growing up, and a peristaltic pump is connected by pipeline and teflon interface and the described gasoloid moisture absorption chamber of growing up;
Described cooling device comprises a circulating water container, described circulating water container connects a cooling pump, described cooling pump connects a refrigeration module, and described refrigeration module connects the cooling jacket of described gasoloid impact collector, and described circulating water container also connects cooling coil(ed) pipe;
Described circuit block comprises a control circuit, described control circuit connects a solid-state relay, described solid-state relay connects described electrically heated rod, described control circuit also connects a pair of level sensor, and described level sensor is connected by teflon interface and the described gasoloid moisture absorption chamber of growing up.
3, a kind of atmospheric aerosol trapping device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that described refrigeration module comprises a copper sheet, described copper sheet surface is fluted, in the described groove chilled water is housed, described copper sheet top is provided with a silicone rubber plate, described silicone rubber plate top is provided with an organic glass sheet, described organic glass sheet seals the copper sheet surface groove by described silicone rubber plate, described copper sheet below is provided with semiconductor chilling plate, the semiconductor chilling plate below is provided with heat radiator, and described heat radiator below is provided with radiator fan.
4, as claim 2 or 3 described a kind of atmospheric aerosol trapping devices, all to adopt glass be that materials processing is made for chamber, cooling coil(ed) pipe and gasoloid impact collector to it is characterized in that growing up described gasoloid moisture absorption, and described each interface all adopts polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material to make.
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Cited By (9)
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CN102749260A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-10-24 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Method and apparatus for determining water content and moisture absorption mass increase rate of atmospheric particles |
CN103353409A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-10-16 | 深圳国技仪器有限公司 | Atmosphere sampling apparatus with temperature regulation function |
CN103472035A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-25 | 河北先河环保科技股份有限公司 | Instrument for measuring moisture absorption characteristic and body angle scattering coefficient of atmospheric aerosol |
CN104236961A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-24 | 厦门格瑞斯特环保科技有限公司 | Centrifugal type high-temperature sampling probe system |
CN105510170A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-04-20 | 湖南省计量检测研究院 | Multifunctional gas supply device |
CN105738165A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2016-07-06 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所 | A robot apparatus capable of fully-automatic bioaerosol sampling and detection |
CN106289936A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2017-01-04 | 北京慧荣和科技有限公司 | Aerosol enrichment method system |
CN113311111A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-27 | 内蒙古显鸿科技股份有限公司 | Atmospheric pollutant solubility prediction method and system integrating machine learning and LSTM |
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2008
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CN102749260A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-10-24 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Method and apparatus for determining water content and moisture absorption mass increase rate of atmospheric particles |
CN103353409A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-10-16 | 深圳国技仪器有限公司 | Atmosphere sampling apparatus with temperature regulation function |
CN103353409B (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2015-12-02 | 深圳国技仪器有限公司 | Possesses the atmospheric sampling equipment of temperature adjusting function |
CN103472035A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-25 | 河北先河环保科技股份有限公司 | Instrument for measuring moisture absorption characteristic and body angle scattering coefficient of atmospheric aerosol |
CN104236961A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-24 | 厦门格瑞斯特环保科技有限公司 | Centrifugal type high-temperature sampling probe system |
CN105738165A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2016-07-06 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所 | A robot apparatus capable of fully-automatic bioaerosol sampling and detection |
CN105738165B (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2018-07-27 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所 | A kind of full-automatic bioaerosol sampling and detection robot device |
CN106289936A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2017-01-04 | 北京慧荣和科技有限公司 | Aerosol enrichment method system |
CN105510170A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-04-20 | 湖南省计量检测研究院 | Multifunctional gas supply device |
CN113311111A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-27 | 内蒙古显鸿科技股份有限公司 | Atmospheric pollutant solubility prediction method and system integrating machine learning and LSTM |
CN116793767A (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-09-22 | 夏津新希望六和农牧有限公司 | Active capturing device for African swine fever aerosol and detection method thereof |
CN116793767B (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2024-01-26 | 夏津新希望六和农牧有限公司 | Active capturing device for African swine fever aerosol and detection method thereof |
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