CN112095387A - Water storage and drainage integrated water permeable brick - Google Patents
Water storage and drainage integrated water permeable brick Download PDFInfo
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- CN112095387A CN112095387A CN202010977006.XA CN202010977006A CN112095387A CN 112095387 A CN112095387 A CN 112095387A CN 202010977006 A CN202010977006 A CN 202010977006A CN 112095387 A CN112095387 A CN 112095387A
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- water
- water storage
- sealing plate
- storage cavity
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/227—Gutters; Channels ; Roof drainage discharge ducts set in sidewalks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/24—Methods or arrangements for preventing slipperiness or protecting against influences of the weather
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a water storage and drainage integrated water permeable brick which comprises a waterproof base layer, wherein a water storage cavity is arranged in the middle of the waterproof base layer, a high-strength ceramic water permeable layer used for shielding an opening of the water storage cavity, a bearing solid pipe, water sealing plates and a reset spring are sequentially arranged in the water storage cavity from top to bottom, two sides of each water sealing plate are connected with inner walls of two sides of the water storage cavity in a sealing and sliding mode, a drainage pipe is arranged at the bottom in the water storage cavity, a flow guide channel is arranged between the lower portion of each water sealing plate and the drainage pipe, the minimum distance between the flow guide channels on the two sides is larger than the width of each water sealing plate, and accumulated water in the water storage cavity flows out through. The invention has reasonable design and smart structure, when the rainfall is small or the ambient temperature is high, the ambient temperature can be kept cool continuously due to the evaporation of the water stored in the water storage cavity or overflowed water due to the action of the expansion air bag, the rainwater is fully utilized, meanwhile, the water storage capacity in the water storage cavity can be automatically adjusted, the livable index of a city is improved, and simultaneously, the heat island effect of the city is favorably relieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water storage and drainage integrated water permeable brick.
Background
The sponge city comprises six steps of infiltration, stagnation, storage, purification, use and discharge. The water permeable brick in the sponge city reduces accumulated water on the surface of the road, is convenient for citizens to go out, beautifies the environment, prevents waterlogging and relieves the heat island effect of the city to a certain extent. However, the traditional permeable brick has a simple structure, and cannot integrate the functions of permeation, storage, use, drainage and the like, so that corresponding auxiliary engineering needs to be additionally configured, the urban construction space is wasted, and no economic benefit exists. In addition, the heat island effect of public places such as urban parks with large pedestrian volume and surrounding urban areas is remarkable, and the traditional water permeable bricks cannot fully utilize rainwater in the rainfall period to effectively cool the surrounding environment.
Aiming at the problem that the traditional water permeable brick is insufficient in integration degree, the invention provides a water storage and drainage integrated water permeable brick.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention improves the problems, namely the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the water permeable brick integrating water storage and drainage, which has various functions, has the function of automatically adjusting the water storage in the water permeable brick, can fully utilize the rainwater in the rainfall period to effectively cool the surrounding environment, has good drainage performance and effectively relieves the heat island effect.
The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a brick that permeates water of retaining drainage integration, including waterproof basic unit, waterproof basic unit middle part is equipped with the retaining chamber, the retaining chamber has set gradually from top to bottom and is used for shielding retaining chamber open-ended ceramic permeable bed that excels in, accepts solid pipe, water sealing plate and reset spring, water sealing plate both sides and the sealed sliding connection of retaining chamber both sides inner wall, retaining intracavity bottom is equipped with the drain pipe, be equipped with the water conservancy diversion passageway between water sealing plate below and the drain pipe, minimum distance between the water conservancy diversion passageway of both sides is greater than the width of water sealing plate for the ponding of retaining intracavity portion flows through the water conservancy diversion passageway after the water sealing plate descends the take-off height.
Furthermore, two sides of the reset spring are provided with waterproof elastic membranes for preventing accumulated water from entering.
Furthermore, the output end of the drain pipe is provided with a drain channel.
Furthermore, the reset springs are arranged at intervals, the upper end of each spring is connected with the water sealing plate, and the lower end of each spring is connected with the inner bottom surface of the water storage cavity.
Furthermore, the water storage cavity is composed of a rectangular cavity located at the upper part, an isosceles trapezoid cavity located at the middle part and a square cavity located at the lower part, the length of the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoid cavity is equal to that of the rectangular cavity, and the length of the lower bottom of the trapezoid cavity is equal to that of the square cavity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) after the rainfall is small or the rainfall is over, the ambient temperature can be kept cool continuously due to the evaporation effect of the water stored in the water storage cavity, the rainwater is fully utilized, and meanwhile, the ceramic permeable layer has larger gaps to store more heat and water, so that the ecological environment of a city can be adjusted, and the heat island effect of the city can be relieved;
(2) when the rainfall is large, the water sealing plate is displaced downwards to discharge excessive water due to the gravity action of the stored water in the water storage cavity, so that the phenomenon that excessive water is retained on the surface of the brick body to influence the walking of passersby is effectively prevented;
(3) when a passerby walks, the gravity of the passerby acts on the ceramic permeable layer, so that residual moisture accumulated in the water storage cavity can be discharged in advance, and the long-term dryness of a passerby normal walking route and a road surface is favorably kept;
(4) the area transformed by the invention can well eliminate the water film caused by unsmooth drainage of the traditional water permeable brick, and has strong capacity of resisting external impact load;
(5) the invention takes the improved ceramsite as the raw material to realize the resource utilization and the recycling of the building waste material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a water permeable brick according to an embodiment of the present invention in an initial state;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a water permeable brick according to an embodiment of the present invention in a compressed state;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the water permeable brick according to the embodiment of the present invention in an initial state;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the water permeable brick combination according to the embodiment of the present invention in a pressed state;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a water permeable brick according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a manufacturing process diagram of a high-strength ceramic water permeable sample according to an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure: 1-high-strength ceramic permeable layer, 2-impermeable base layer, 3-receiving solid pipe, 4-reset spring, 5-water storage cavity, 6-water sealing plate, 7-impermeable elastic membrane, 8-water discharging pipe, 9-water discharging channel and 10-flow guide channel.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1-5, a brick that permeates water of retaining drainage integration is provided, including impervious basic unit 2, impervious basic unit middle part is equipped with water storage chamber 5, the water storage chamber has set gradually from top to bottom and is used for shielding water storage chamber open-ended ceramic permeable bed 1 that excels in, accepts solid pipe 3, water-stop sheet 6 and reset spring 4, accepts solid pipe upper end and height
Strong pottery permeable bed fixed connection accepts solid pipe lower extreme and water-sealing pipe fixed connection, water-sealing plate both sides and the sealed sliding connection of water storage chamber both sides inner wall, the water storage intracavity bottom is equipped with drain pipe 8, be equipped with water conservancy diversion passageway 10 between water-sealing plate below and the drain pipe, minimum parallel distance between the water conservancy diversion passageway of both sides is greater than the horizontal width of water-sealing plate for after water-sealing plate descends the take the altitude, the unable laminating water storage intracavity wall in water-sealing plate's both sides, the ponding of water storage intracavity portion flows through the water conservancy diversion passageway.
In the embodiment, two sides of the return spring are provided with waterproof elastic membranes 7 for preventing accumulated water from entering; the waterproof elastic membrane is mainly made of rubber, deforms when the external of the brick body is pressed for draining water, provides space for downward displacement of the water sealing plate, and can protect the reset spring from rusting due to scouring and erosion of water.
In this embodiment, the output end of the drainage pipe is provided with a drainage channel 9.
In this embodiment, reset spring interval sets up a plurality ofly, and the upper end and the water board of sealing of every spring are connected, and the spring lower extreme is connected with the bottom surface in the water storage cavity.
In this embodiment, the water storage cavity is composed of a rectangular cavity located at the upper part, an isosceles trapezoid cavity at the middle part and a square cavity located at the lower part, the length of the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoid cavity is equal to that of the rectangular cavity, and the length of the lower bottom of the trapezoid cavity is equal to that of the square cavity.
In this embodiment, the ceramic permeable layer that excels in, the ceramic material after by the improvement is modified makes, and the ceramic permeable layer that excels in is equipped with the infiltration hole, and the rainwater passes through the ceramic permeable layer that excels in and gets into the water storage cavity of brick body lower part rapidly, and when the pedestrian passes and applys external pressure to it, transmits pressure to the board that seals up through accepting the solid pipe.
In this embodiment, the impermeable base layer is made of impermeable material or impermeable material, and is a part of the brick body that bears the force, and plays a role of supporting and providing a stable base.
In this embodiment, accept solid tube and make by the material that the rigidity is great, connect high strength ceramic permeable layer and water sealing plate respectively at both ends, play the effect of transmitting the external pressure that will act on high strength ceramic permeable layer to water sealing plate simultaneously.
In this embodiment, the return spring has a spring of a certain strength. The structure formed by the high-strength ceramic permeable layer, the bearing solid pipe and the water sealing plate is restored to the initial position through the elasticity of the spring.
In the embodiment, the water storage cavity is a space formed by the high-strength ceramic permeable layer, the impermeable base layer and the water sealing plate, and has the capacity of storing certain rainwater or locking water.
In the embodiment, the self-adaptive slope is arranged in the drainage channel and is adaptive to the slope required by the actual engineering, and a plurality of rows of drainage bricks can form a plurality of combined drainage channels to accelerate the drainage of the water body; the drain pipe receives the rainwater from the water storage cavity and then drains the rainwater into the drainage channel.
In this embodiment, the high-strength ceramic permeable layer is provided with permeable holes.
In this embodiment, during operation: (1) when the precipitation is small, the water entering the water storage cavity through the high-strength ceramic permeable layer is small, and the water sealing plate can be positioned in a position interval which can form a bottom closed space with the impermeable base layer due to the upward elastic force action of the return spring, so that the water storage purpose is achieved;
if the weather is hot and the temperature is high, the water stored in the water storage cavity can be slowly evaporated, the surface temperature is reduced, and the urban 'heat island effect' is relieved;
(2) when the precipitation is large, the water entering the water storage cavity through the high-strength ceramic permeable layer is also large, the water sealing plate is displaced downwards under the self-weight action of the water stored in the water storage cavity until the water sealing plate cannot form a bottom closed space with the impermeable base layer, and the stored water in the water storage cavity flows to the water drainage pipe through the flow guide channel, so that redundant water is drained to the water drainage channel; the water permeable bricks combined in pairs form a combined drainage channel, and have better hydraulic conditions and self-adaptive gradient, so that the drainage of redundant water is accelerated. After the excessive water is discharged, the pressure acting on the water sealing plate is reduced, and the impermeable base layer and the water sealing plate form a space with a closed bottom for storing water under the upward elastic action of the return spring.
(3) When water is stored in the water storage cavity and a pedestrian passes by, the water sealing plate is displaced downwards under the action of the dead weight of the pedestrian so as to discharge the stored water, and the drying speed of the water permeable brick is accelerated.
Example 2: generally, the water permeable bricks can be divided into sand-based water permeable bricks, stone water permeable bricks, concrete water permeable bricks, steel slag water permeable bricks and ceramic water permeable bricks according to the material composition of the water permeable bricks, and the materials have high application frequency and wide application range in engineering. The performance indexes of the traditional permeable material are as follows 1:
TABLE 1 Performance index of conventional Water permeable Material
From the above table, the water permeability of the sand-based water permeable material and the ceramic water permeable material is good and is substantially equal in value. But the compressive strength, the tensile strength and the wear resistance of the ceramic water permeable brick are superior to those of the sand-based water permeable brick. Meanwhile, compared with sand-based water permeable materials, the ceramic water permeable material has poorer frost resistance. Thus, the present invention is generally applicable to southern regions where freezing resistance requirements are low.
The high-strength ceramic permeable layer is formed by sintering ceramsite, feldspar powder, cellulose and combustible non-toxic granular materials serving as raw materials. During high-temperature sintering, the surfaces of the ceramic particles are fused and then bonded with each other to form a permeable layer of the porous ceramic permeable brick. The addition of the feldspar powder is beneficial to the melting of the body on the surface of the ceramsite with the temperature of above 950 ℃, and the filling of the space of the body, so that the strength of the product is improved. The cellulose is mainly used for forming the blank and bonding in the low-temperature stage. The function of the combustible nontoxic particle material is to burn into ash at high temperature and leave a large amount of gaps in the brick body, thereby greatly improving the water permeability and the respiration of the product.
A plurality of groups of optimization tests are carried out by changing the mass fraction ratio of the raw materials and the firing temperature, the technical route of the test process is shown in the figure, and the working conditions and the test results of the sample manufacturing process are shown in the table.
TABLE 2 sample test conditions and results
As shown in Table 2, the water permeability coefficient of the sample is in direct proportion to the content of the ceramsite, and the water permeability coefficient does not increase with the increase of the firing temperature. By passing throughIn the comparison tests of different material contents, the traditional ceramic permeable layer (brick) is improved, a sample with the highest ceramsite content (70%) and prepared at 1040 ℃ is selected as the permeable layer of the invention, and the permeability coefficient is 2.51 multiplied by 10-2cm×s-1Water permeability coefficient of 2.30X 10 to that of the traditional ceramic material-2cm×s-1Compared with the prior art, the water permeability of the invention is improved by 9.13%. The rest part is made of concrete materials by pressing and molding the brick body.
Cement, aggregate and water are bonded among the permeable bricks, and the permeable bricks are paved after being stirred on site and placed for 30min according to the proportion of 1:5: 0.5. And covering and maintaining the water permeable bricks by using color strip cloth after paving, preventing pollution, and finally performing seam sweeping treatment by using quartz sand after the adhesive between the brick bodies is hardened.
Referring to fig. 6, the process of the high-strength ceramic water-permeable sample is divided into three steps: (1) preparing a sample; (2) molding a sample; (3) testing a sample; wherein, in the step (1), a sample is preliminarily prepared through the working procedures of crushing, fine grinding, screening, proportioning, stirring and pressing; in the step (2), the sample is formed after drying, high-temperature sintering, cooling and cooling; and finally, testing the water permeability coefficient of the sample.
The foregoing is a description of embodiments of the present invention to facilitate better understanding and application of the invention by those skilled in the art, and the practice of the invention is not limited thereto, and thus, simple modifications and variations of the present invention by those skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Any embodiment disclosed herein above is meant to disclose, unless otherwise indicated, all numerical ranges disclosed as being preferred, and any person skilled in the art would understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Since the numerical values are too numerous to be exhaustive, some of the numerical values are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned numerical values should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
If the terms "first," "second," etc. are used herein to define parts, those skilled in the art will recognize that: the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one element from another in a descriptive sense and are not intended to have a special meaning unless otherwise stated.
Meanwhile, if the invention as described above discloses or relates to parts or structural members fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).
In addition, terms used in any technical solutions disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include approximate, similar or approximate states or shapes unless otherwise stated.
Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a brick that permeates water of retaining drainage integration, a serial communication port, including waterproof basic unit, waterproof basic unit middle part is equipped with the retaining chamber, the retaining chamber has set gradually from top to bottom and is used for shielding retaining chamber open-ended ceramic permeable bed that excels in, accepts solid tube, water sealing plate and reset spring, water sealing plate both sides and the sealed sliding connection of retaining chamber both sides inner wall, the retaining intracavity bottom is equipped with the drain pipe, be equipped with the water conservancy diversion passageway between water sealing plate below and the drain pipe, minimum distance between the water conservancy diversion passageway of both sides is greater than the width of water sealing plate for the ponding of retaining intracavity portion flows through the water conservancy diversion passageway after the water sealing plate descends the take the altitude.
2. A water-storage and drainage integrated water permeable brick according to claim 1, wherein the two sides of the return spring are provided with waterproof elastic membranes for preventing accumulated water from entering.
3. A water storage and drainage integrated permeable brick according to claim 1, wherein the output end of the drainage pipe is provided with a drainage channel.
4. A water storage and drainage integrated water permeable brick according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of return springs are arranged at intervals, the upper end of each spring is connected with a water sealing plate, and the lower end of each spring is connected with the inner bottom surface of the water storage cavity.
5. A water storage and drainage integrated water permeable brick according to claim 1, wherein the water storage cavity is composed of a rectangular cavity at the upper part, an isosceles trapezoid cavity at the middle part and a square cavity at the lower part, the length of the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoid cavity is equal to that of the rectangular cavity, and the length of the lower bottom of the trapezoid cavity is equal to that of the square cavity.
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| CN202010977006.XA CN112095387B (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2020-09-17 | Water storage and drainage integrated water permeable brick |
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| CN112095387B CN112095387B (en) | 2021-11-02 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112853848A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-05-28 | 浙江水利水电学院 | Easy-to-fire water storage brick with combined functions of drainage and storage |
| CN115491950A (en) * | 2022-10-16 | 2022-12-20 | 广东联富建设工程有限公司 | Landscape drainage brick for garden sidewalk |
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| KR101375070B1 (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2014-03-14 | 주식회사 데코페이브 | under stream block |
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| CN115491950A (en) * | 2022-10-16 | 2022-12-20 | 广东联富建设工程有限公司 | Landscape drainage brick for garden sidewalk |
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