CN112089061A - Directional conveying and shell breaking structure of thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine - Google Patents
Directional conveying and shell breaking structure of thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112089061A CN112089061A CN202011027869.7A CN202011027869A CN112089061A CN 112089061 A CN112089061 A CN 112089061A CN 202011027869 A CN202011027869 A CN 202011027869A CN 112089061 A CN112089061 A CN 112089061A
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- shell breaking
- wheel
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- breaking
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/02—Devices for feeding articles or materials to conveyors
- B65G47/04—Devices for feeding articles or materials to conveyors for feeding articles
- B65G47/12—Devices for feeding articles or materials to conveyors for feeding articles from disorderly-arranged article piles or from loose assemblages of articles
- B65G47/14—Devices for feeding articles or materials to conveyors for feeding articles from disorderly-arranged article piles or from loose assemblages of articles arranging or orientating the articles by mechanical or pneumatic means during feeding
- B65G47/1407—Devices for feeding articles or materials to conveyors for feeding articles from disorderly-arranged article piles or from loose assemblages of articles arranging or orientating the articles by mechanical or pneumatic means during feeding the articles being fed from a container, e.g. a bowl
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a directional conveying and shell breaking structure of a thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine, which comprises a plurality of guide grooves which are obliquely arranged on a rack and have inverted trapezoidal sections, wherein the lower part of each guide groove is provided with a guide wheel arranged on a guide wheel seat, a shell breaking wheel arranged on a shell breaking roller is arranged in front of the guide wheel, two ends of the shell breaking roller driven by a speed reducing motor are arranged on the rack, a poking piece is fixedly arranged on the shell breaking wheel, a shell breaking blade arranged on a tool apron is arranged between the guide wheel and the shell breaking wheel which rotate in opposite matching manner, and a reset spring is arranged behind the guide wheel; when the walnut sheller works, the chain plate conveying belt drives the walnuts to enter the guide groove and roll downwards along the inclined guide groove, when the walnuts roll to a gap between the guide wheel and the sheller, the walnuts are hit to the blade by the rotating sheller and the shifting piece on the rotating sheller, the walnuts are forced to pass through the blade, and the walnuts are broken into two halves to realize shell breaking. The structure is mainly used for cracking the shell of the thin-skin walnut, time and labor are saved, and the shell cracking efficiency is 36-44 times that of manual operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nut processing equipment, in particular to a directional conveying and shell breaking structure of a thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine.
Background
The walnut is a juglandaceae plant, and is called four famous dry fruits in the world together with almond, cashew nut and hazelnut. The walnut kernels contain rich nutrients, and each hundred grams of the walnut kernels contain 15-20 grams of protein, more fat and 10 grams of carbohydrate; and contains various trace elements and mineral substances such as calcium, phosphorus, iron and the like which are necessary for human bodies, and various vitamins such as carotene, riboflavin and the like. Is beneficial to human body. Is one of nut foods which are deeply favored by common people.
During the processing and production process of walnuts, kernels are taken after the shells need to be broken, the walnut shells are relatively hard, and although the manual shell breaking can ensure that the kernel breaking rate is low, the corresponding production efficiency is low, and the labor cost is high. Therefore, mechanical equipment is generally adopted to break the shells of the walnuts, the existing walnut shell breaking equipment structure has the problem of unreasonable design, the shell breaking efficiency is low, the kernel breaking rate is high, the separation is inconvenient, and further equipment improvement is needed.
The inventor invents a first generation high-efficiency walnut shell breaking machine (patent number 201520155691.2) invented in 2015 and a second generation high-efficiency walnut shell breaking machine (patent number 2018219146437) invented in 2018, although the shell breaking rate is improved, however, no matter how the force is controlled by the piston impact, the breaking rate of the walnut kernels is still higher, two complete halves of kernels are still less, the efficient walnut shell breaking machine uses guide grooves, but the optimal guide groove design is not found yet for the influence and stability of the parameters such as the length and the gradient of the guide groove on the walnut rolling, and the blanking pipe connected with the outlet of the guide groove is easy to block, the posture of the walnut falling in the blanking pipe is also changed, the posture of the walnut still passing through the guide groove can not be ensured, thirdly, the piston collision needs to be stopped, the walnut shell breaking machine has the advantages that the walnut blanking speed cannot be too high, the shell breaking efficiency can only reach about 20 times of that of manual operation, and no liftable upper limit exists. Therefore, the inventor needs to improve and make a better high-efficiency walnut shell breaking machine.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a directional conveying and shell breaking structure of a thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine, which is mainly used for breaking shells of thin-skin walnuts.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a directional conveying and shell breaking structure of a thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine comprises a plurality of guide grooves which are obliquely arranged on a rack and have inverted trapezoidal sections, the lower part of each guide groove is provided with a guide wheel arranged on a guide wheel seat, a shell breaking wheel arranged on a shell breaking roller is arranged in front of the guide wheel, two ends of the shell breaking roller driven by a speed reduction motor are arranged on the rack, a poking piece is fixedly arranged on the shell breaking wheel, a shell breaking blade arranged on a tool apron is arranged between the guide wheel and the shell breaking wheel which rotate in an opposite matching way, the outer peripheries of the guide wheel and the shell breaking wheel are also of inverted trapezoidal sections, and a reset spring is arranged behind the guide wheel; when the walnut shell breaking machine works, the chain plate conveying belt of the thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine drives walnuts to move upwards to enter the guide groove and roll downwards along the inclined guide groove, when the walnuts roll to a gap between the guide wheel and the shell breaking wheel, the walnuts are hit to the blade by the rotating shell breaking wheel and the poking piece on the rotating shell breaking wheel, the walnuts are forced to pass through the blade, and the walnuts are broken into two halves, so that the shell breaking is realized.
Preferably, the length of the guide groove is 600-650mm, and the inclination angle is 24-26 degrees; the width of the bottom surface of the guide groove is 10-12mm, and the inclination angle of the two inclined edges is 40-45 degrees.
Preferably, the inclination angles of two inclined edges of the inverted trapezoid of the guide wheel are 60-62 degrees, and the guide wheel is made of nylon resin material; the material of the guide wheel is preferably plastic or silica gel.
Preferably, the inclination angles of two inclined edges of the inverted trapezoid of the shell breaking wheel are 72-76 degrees, and the rotating speed of the shell breaking wheel is 96-105 r/min.
Preferably, the return spring behind the guide wheel is mounted on the spring seat through the guide wheel seat and the guide rod, and the spring seat is mounted on the frame.
Preferably, the guide wheel and the shell breaking wheel which are matched and rotate oppositely are positioned on different longitudinal planes, and the centers of the two longitudinal planes are axially staggered by 32 mm.
Preferably, the shifting piece on the shell breaking wheel is formed by two fork-shaped iron sheets with a 3-5mm gap left in the middle, and is arranged in an inverted trapezoidal structure on the peripheral edge of the shell breaking wheel through a clamping sheet and a fixing screw, and the thickness of the shifting piece is not less than 6 mm.
Preferably, a chain plate conveying belt of the thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine is obliquely arranged on the rack and is driven by a conveying belt motor to move upwards, and a plurality of rows of concave steel bowls which are used for containing walnuts and correspond to the inverted trapezoidal guide grooves arranged on the other surface are arranged on the surface of the chain plate conveying belt; and a partition plate with the lower part made of a silica gel plate is arranged at the position which is 10-15mm away from the upper part of the chain plate conveying belt and is vertical to the moving direction of the chain plate conveying belt, when the chain plate conveying belt moves upwards to pass through the partition plate, the silica gel plate of the partition plate scrapes off redundant walnuts in the concave steel bowl, and only one walnut in each concave steel bowl is ensured.
Preferably, the lower part of the chain plate conveying belt is arranged in a discharge hopper of the thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine.
Preferably, the chain plate conveying belt is formed by connecting a plurality of chain plates, and 9 concave steel bowls for containing walnuts are arranged on the surface of each chain plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages or positive effects: the design that the guide groove is firstly used for guiding and then the shell is broken is adopted, the guide wheel and the shell breaking wheel are designed to be in the inverted trapezoidal structure as the guide groove, the posture of the walnut is kept through mutual matching, a large number of experiments prove that the walnut passes through the inclined guide groove with the inclination of 24-26 degrees and the length of 600 plus materials of 650mm, and then the walnut is enabled to be in a stable posture through the matching of the shell breaking wheel below and the guide wheel capable of retracting backwards, more than 98 percent of the walnuts can automatically form one surface of two side surfaces opposite to the edges of the walnuts to face the direction of the blade, the walnut can be broken into two complete half kernels, the integrity rate is extremely high, the structure is time-saving and labor-saving, and the shell breaking efficiency is 36-44 times that of. The walnut is in an oval shape, the inner walnut kernel is composed of two halves, and the walnut can be broken into two complete halves only by breaking the shells on the other two side surfaces opposite to the walnut seamed edge.
The structural design of the invention is beneficial to uniform and stable rolling speed of walnuts, and simultaneously, the guide groove is not blocked. Moreover, the rotatable guide wheel is made of light nylon materials, and the return spring arranged at the rear part is easy to stretch back and forth of the guide wheel, so that the walnuts with different sizes can be broken smoothly, and the walnuts cannot be broken by the shifting pieces of the breaking wheel due to being clamped. Greatly improves the integrity rate of the walnut kernels after the shells are broken.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of a thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine, wherein an outer cover is omitted, and the shape of a directional conveying and shell breaking structure is mainly shown;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the other side of the thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine, wherein an outer cover is omitted in the figure, and the shape of a feeding device is mainly shown;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the directional conveying and crust breaking structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the directional conveying and crust breaking structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the construction of the cracking wheel and the plectrum of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a front view of the cracking wheel and the plectrum of the invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the stress when the walnut shell is broken;
in FIGS. 1-7: 1-a frame, 2-a driven sprocket, 3-a carrier roller, 4-a driving sprocket, 5-a guide groove, 6-a speed reducing motor, 7-a shell breaking roller, 8-a cutter seat, 9-a discharge port, 10-a blanking hopper, 11-a chain plate conveyor belt, 12-a partition plate, 13-a concave steel bowl, 14-a conveyor belt motor, 15-a guide wheel, 16-a shell breaking wheel, 17-a shifting piece, 18-a blade, 19-a guide wheel seat, 20-a return spring, 21-a spring seat, 22-a guide rod and 23-a clamping piece.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. In the following description, for the purpose of clearly illustrating the structure and operation of the present invention, reference will be made to the accompanying drawings by way of directional terms, but terms such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", etc. should be construed as words of convenience and should not be construed as limiting terms.
As shown in fig. 1-7, an embodiment of the present invention provides a directional conveying and shell breaking structure of a thin-shelled walnut shell breaking machine, including a plurality of guide grooves 5 which are obliquely arranged on a frame 1 and have inverted trapezoidal cross sections, a guide wheel 15 arranged on a guide wheel seat 19 is arranged at the lower part of each guide groove, a shell breaking wheel 16 arranged on a shell breaking roller 7 is arranged in front of the guide wheel, two ends of the shell breaking roller 7 driven by a speed reduction motor 6 are arranged on the frame, and the guide wheel 15 and the shell breaking wheel 16 are also of inverted trapezoidal cross sections. The guide groove 5, the guide wheel 15 and the return spring 20 are directional conveying structures, and the shell breaking wheel 16, the speed reducing motor 6 and the blade 18 are shell breaking structures. The return spring 20 behind the guide wheel is installed on a spring seat 21 through a guide wheel seat 19 and a guide rod 22, and the spring seat 21 is installed on the machine frame 1. The shell breaking wheel 16 is connected with the speed reducing motor 6 through the shell breaking roller 7, a shifting piece 17 is installed on the shell breaking wheel 16, the shifting piece is composed of two fork-shaped iron sheets with a 3mm gap left in the middle, the shifting piece is installed in an inverted trapezoidal structure on the peripheral edge of the shell breaking wheel through a clamping piece 23 and a fixing screw, and the thickness of the shifting piece is not lower than 6 mm. A gap is arranged between the guide wheel 15 and the shell breaking wheel 16, the blade 18 is arranged on the blade holder 8 between the gaps, the blade holder 8 is arranged on the frame 1, and the discharge hole 9 is arranged below the blade 18. The outer cover is an iron cover and covers the outer side of the machine frame 1, and is not shown in the figure.
The length of each guide groove 5 obliquely arranged on the frame is 600-650mm, and the inclination of the inclination is 24-26 degrees. Wherein, the length of the inverted trapezoidal bottom surface of the guide groove 5 is 12mm, and the angle between the inverted trapezoidal inclined edge of the guide groove 5 and the bottom edge is 45 degrees. The inclined angle of the two inclined edges of the inverted trapezoid of the guide wheel 15 is 60-62 degrees, the inclined angle of the two inclined edges of the inverted trapezoid of the shell breaking wheel 16 is 72-76 degrees, and the rotating speed of the shell breaking wheel 16 is 105 r/min.
The directional conveying and shell breaking structure is a component of the thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine, the thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine is also provided with a feeding device and an outer cover, and the feeding device and the directional conveying and shell breaking structure are arranged on the rack 1. The feeding device comprises a blanking hopper 10, a driven chain wheel 2, carrier rollers 3, a partition plate 12, a chain plate conveying belt 11, a conveying belt motor 14 and a driving chain wheel 4, wherein the chain plate conveying belt is obliquely arranged on the rack by virtue of a plurality of groups of carrier rollers 3 playing a supporting role and is driven by the conveying belt motor 14 to move upwards, the chain plate conveying belt is formed by connecting a plurality of chain plates, and the surface of each chain plate is provided with 9 concave steel bowls 13 for containing walnuts; a partition plate 12 with the lower part made of a silica gel plate is arranged at the position which is 10-15mm away from the upper part of the chain plate conveying belt and is vertical to the moving direction of the chain plate conveying belt, and the partition plate is positioned at the position of one half of the chain plate conveying belt; when the chain plate conveying belt moves upwards to pass through the partition plate, the silica gel plate of the partition plate scrapes off redundant walnuts in the concave steel bowl 13, and only one walnut in each concave steel bowl is guaranteed.
When the walnut shell breaking machine works, walnuts are poured into the discharging hopper 10, the conveyor belt motor 14 moves through the chain wheel and chain transmission mechanism between the driving chain wheel 4 and the driven chain wheel 2 to drive the chain plate conveyor belt 11 of the thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine to move upwards, the walnuts fall into the steel bowl 13 and are lifted upwards along with the chain plate conveyor belt 11, when the walnuts pass through the partition plate 12, the partition plate 12 scrapes off redundant walnuts in the steel bowl 13, and only one walnut is guaranteed to be in each steel bowl 13. The walnuts are lifted to the position of the driving chain wheel 4, the walnuts in the steel bowls 13 fall into the corresponding guide grooves 5 along with rotation of the chain plates, the number of the guide grooves 5 is the same as the number of the steel bowls 13 in each row, guide grooves are formed in the front ends of the guide grooves 5, when the walnuts roll downwards to a gap between the guide wheel and the shell breaking wheel along the inclined guide grooves, the walnuts are hit to the cutter blades by the rotating shell breaking wheel and the shifting piece on the rotating shell breaking wheel, the walnuts are forced to pass through the cutter blades, and shell breaking of the walnuts is achieved.
Through the parameter design of the guide groove 5, the walnuts can automatically roll to the postures of keeping two sides when rolling in the guide groove 5, the walnuts can automatically form one side of two side surfaces opposite to the walnut edges and face the direction of the blade, namely the side surfaces are stress surfaces, as shown in figure 7, the walnuts entering between the guide wheel 15 and the shell breaking wheel 16 along the guide groove 5 are guaranteed to be broken along the stress surfaces, so that two complete walnut kernel halves can be formed, the guide wheel and the shell breaking wheel which are matched and rotate oppositely can be positioned on different longitudinal planes, the centers of the two longitudinal planes are axially staggered by 32mm, when the stress surfaces on the two sides are pressed in the shell breaking process of the walnuts, the walnut kernels can be guaranteed to be stably hit towards the blade by the shell breaking wheel 16 and the shifting piece 17, and the shell breaking accuracy is improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The directional conveying and shell breaking structure of the thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine is characterized by comprising a plurality of guide grooves which are obliquely arranged on a rack and have inverted trapezoidal sections, wherein the lower part of each guide groove is provided with a guide wheel arranged on a guide wheel seat, a shell breaking wheel arranged on a shell breaking roller is arranged in front of the guide wheel, two ends of the shell breaking roller driven by a speed reduction motor are arranged on the rack, a poking piece is fixedly arranged on the shell breaking wheel, a shell breaking blade arranged on a tool apron is arranged between the guide wheel and the shell breaking wheel which are opposite to each other and matched to rotate, the outer peripheries of the guide wheel and the shell breaking wheel are also of inverted trapezoidal sections, and a reset spring is arranged behind the guide wheel; when the walnut shell breaking machine works, the chain plate conveying belt of the thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine drives walnuts to move upwards to enter the guide groove and roll downwards along the inclined guide groove, and when the walnuts roll to a gap between the guide wheel and the shell breaking wheel, the walnuts are hit to the blade by the rotating shell breaking wheel and the shifting piece on the rotating shell breaking wheel, so that the walnuts are forced to pass through the blade, and the shell breaking of the walnuts is realized.
2. The directional conveying and crust breaking structure as recited in claim 1, wherein the length of the inclined inverted trapezoidal guide groove is 600-650mm, and the inclination angle is 24-26 °; the width of the bottom surface of the guide groove is 10-12mm, and the inclination angle of the two inclined edges is 40-45 degrees.
3. The directional conveying and crust breaking structure according to claim 1, wherein the inclined angle of the two inclined edges of the inverted trapezoid of the guide wheel is 60-62 degrees, and the guide wheel is made of nylon resin material.
4. The directional conveying and crust breaking structure according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle of two inclined edges of the inverted trapezoid of the crust breaking wheel is 72-76 degrees, and the rotation speed of the crust breaking wheel is 96-105 r/min.
5. A directional conveying and crust breaking structure according to claim 1, wherein the return spring behind the guide wheel is mounted on a spring seat through a guide wheel seat and a guide rod, the spring seat being mounted on the frame.
6. An oriented conveying and crust breaking structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the guide wheel and the crust breaking wheel which rotate in opposite directions are in different longitudinal planes, and the centers of the two longitudinal planes are axially offset by 32 mm.
7. The directional conveying and crust breaking structure according to claim 1, wherein the poking piece on the crust breaking wheel is composed of two fork-shaped iron pieces with a gap of 3-5mm between the two fork-shaped iron pieces, the poking piece is installed in the inverted trapezoid structure at the peripheral edge of the crust breaking wheel through a clamping piece and a fixing screw, and the thickness of the poking piece is not less than 6 mm.
8. The directional conveying and shell breaking structure according to claim 1, wherein a chain plate conveying belt of the thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine is obliquely arranged on the frame and is driven by a conveying belt motor to move upwards, and a plurality of rows of concave steel bowls which are used for accommodating walnuts and correspond to the inverted trapezoidal guide grooves arranged on the other surface are arranged on the surface of the chain plate conveying belt; and a partition plate with the lower part made of a silica gel plate is arranged at the position which is 10-15mm away from the upper part of the chain plate conveying belt and is vertical to the moving direction of the chain plate conveying belt, when the chain plate conveying belt moves upwards to pass through the partition plate, the silica gel plate of the partition plate scrapes off redundant walnuts in the concave steel bowl, and only one walnut in each concave steel bowl is ensured.
9. The directional conveying and hull breaking structure according to claim 8, wherein the lower part of the chain plate conveyor belt is arranged in a discharge hopper of a thin-skinned walnut hull breaking machine.
10. The directional conveying and hull breaking structure according to claim 8, wherein the chain plate conveyor belt is formed by connecting a plurality of chain plates, and each chain plate surface is provided with 9 concave steel bowls for accommodating walnuts.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011027869.7A CN112089061A (en) | 2020-09-26 | 2020-09-26 | Directional conveying and shell breaking structure of thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011027869.7A CN112089061A (en) | 2020-09-26 | 2020-09-26 | Directional conveying and shell breaking structure of thin-skin walnut shell breaking machine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112586757A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-02 | 北京理工大学珠海学院 | Olive kernel shell breaking device and working method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-09-26 CN CN202011027869.7A patent/CN112089061A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112586757A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-02 | 北京理工大学珠海学院 | Olive kernel shell breaking device and working method thereof |
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