CN112076274A - Environment-friendly pesticide prepared by traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology - Google Patents
Environment-friendly pesticide prepared by traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly pesticide prepared by a traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology, which is prepared from a traditional Chinese medicine composition, a fermentation base material and auxiliary materials after microbial fermentation, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials: the fermentation base material comprises the following raw materials: corn, wheat bran, soybean meal and composite trace elements, wherein streptomyces griseus (GDS-STT-2015-0001) is selected as a fermentation microorganism in the microbial fermentation process of the traditional Chinese medicine composition and the fermentation base material, and the preparation of the auxiliary materials comprises the following raw materials: the environment-friendly pesticide is prepared by preparing a culture medium from an edible traditional Chinese medicine composition and a fermentation base material for feed, fermenting by utilizing a nontoxic strain which accords with the identification characteristics of national production safety bacteria strain catalogue, and then adding a pollution-free auxiliary material, and has the characteristics of environmental protection and harmlessness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines, in particular to an environment-friendly pesticide prepared by utilizing a traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology.
Background
Parasitic diseases such as animal nematodes and tapeworms are the most common diseases for breeding animals, the parasitic diseases cause growth retardation of animals at a low rate, the parasitic diseases cause death of animals at a high rate, and serious harm and economic loss are brought to animal breeding industry, currently, animal nematode treatment mainly uses antibiotics (such as abamectin, ivermectin, doramectin, gentamycin and the like), chemical benzimidazoles (such as albendazole, mebendazole, fenbendazole and the like), imidazothiazoles (such as levamisole and the like), organic phosphorus (such as trichlorfon, naprophos and the like), and tapeworm treatment mainly uses chemical praziquantel, imiquine, thiodiclofen, niclosamide and the like;
the plant, environment and indoor disinsection mainly uses antibiotics (such as abamectin, etc.) and chemical organic synthetic insecticides (such as endosulfan, toxaphene, etc. of organochlorine, parathion, trichlorfon, dimethoate, etc. of organophosphorus, carbaryl, etc. of carbamate, fenvalerate, deltamethrin, etc. of pyrethroid, chlordimeform, bisultap, etc.);
although antibiotics and chemical insecticides can still achieve good insecticidal effect at present, the following main problems exist: (1) the drug ingredients are single, and the drug resistance of pests is stronger and stronger after long-term use, the effective use amount of the drug is larger and larger, and the effect is poorer and poorer; (2) environmental pollution and the drug residue of edible animals and plants after the administration have health and safety risks to human beings.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an environment-friendly pesticide prepared by using a traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an environment-friendly pesticide prepared by a traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology is prepared from a traditional Chinese medicine composition, a fermentation base material and auxiliary materials after microbial fermentation.
According to the technical scheme, the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials: the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 3-15 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 2-6 parts of pumpkin seeds, 1-4 parts of betel nuts, 1-4 parts of rangooncreeper fruits and 1-4 parts of fructus cnidii.
According to the technical scheme, the fermentation base material comprises the following raw materials: the fermented base material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of corn, 2-10 parts of wheat bran, 2-6 parts of bean pulp and 3-15 parts of composite trace elements.
According to the technical scheme, the streptomyces griseus (GDS-STT-2015-0001) is selected as the fermentation microorganism in the microbial fermentation process of the traditional Chinese medicine composition and the fermentation base material, and the identification characteristics of the strain catalog for the legal production safety bacteria of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms are met.
According to the technical scheme, the auxiliary material preparation comprises the following raw materials: alcohol extract, penetrant, emulsifier, complexing agent and protective agent.
A method for preparing environment-friendly pesticide by using traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology comprises the following steps:
A. weighing the Chinese medicinal composition and fermentation base material, pulverizing, adding into a fermentation tank, adding purified water, sterilizing, making into culture medium, cooling, and adding compound trace elements;
B. injecting streptomyces griseochromogenes into the cooled culture medium, ventilating, stirring, culturing, fermenting, and finishing fermentation after the bacteria content is detected to be qualified;
C. adding an alcohol extracting agent into the culture medium, and extracting the alcohol after uniformly stirring;
D. extracting with ethanol, filtering to obtain fine filtrate, and bottling to obtain oral pesticide;
E. adding penetrant, emulsifier, complexing agent and protective agent into the fine filtrate, stirring, and bottling to obtain topical pesticide.
According to the technical scheme, in the step A, the purified water is 9 times of the raw material, the raw material is sterilized at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 15-25min, the composite trace elements added into the culture medium consist of three parts of nitrogen, three parts of phosphorus and four parts of potassium, and the composite trace elements are added after being cooled to 28-30 ℃.
According to the technical scheme, in the step B, the streptomyces griseus (GDS-STT-2015-0001) is taken out from a storage bank, then is subjected to 2 times of amplification culture, and is added into the cooled culture medium according to the proportion of 1%, and the fermentation time is 9-10 days.
According to the technical scheme, in the step C, 95% edible alcohol is selected as the alcohol extracting agent and is added according to the proportion of 20-40% of the volume of the culture medium, and the alcohol extracting time is 48-50 h.
According to the technical scheme, in the step E, the penetrating agent is ginger paste, the emulsifying agent is Tween 80, the complexing agent is EDTA-2Na, the protective agent is sodium silicate, and the ratio of the ginger paste, the Tween 80, the EDTA-2Na, the sodium silicate and the fine filter liquor is 1: 4: 5: 3: 984.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is scientific and reasonable, and is safe and convenient to use:
1. the environment-friendly pesticide is prepared by preparing a culture medium from an edible traditional Chinese medicine composition and a fermentation base material for feed, fermenting by utilizing a nontoxic strain which accords with the identification characteristics of national legal production safety bacteria strain catalog, and then adding a pollution-free auxiliary material, and has the characteristics of environmental protection and harmlessness;
2. the problems of single antibiotic and chemical drug components and drug resistance of pests caused by long-term use are avoided;
3. the use of the oral environment-friendly pesticide avoids the adverse effects of toxic and side effects of antibiotics and chemical drugs on growth inhibition and immunosuppression of animals;
4. because of the characteristics of environmental protection and no public nuisance, the mask is not needed to be worn in the spraying process, and the pesticide can not cause harm to users even if being contained in the mouth, thereby avoiding the environmental pollution and the health and safety risks of the pesticide residue of edible animals and plants to human beings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of the environmentally friendly pesticide of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the disease and pest states of fruit trees before the environment-friendly pesticide of the invention is used;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the disease and pest states of fruit trees after the environment-friendly pesticide of the invention is used.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example 1: as shown in figure 1, the environment-friendly pesticide is prepared by fermenting a traditional Chinese medicine composition, a fermentation base material and auxiliary materials through microorganisms.
According to the technical scheme, the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials: the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 2 parts of pumpkin seeds, 1 part of betel nuts, 1 part of quisqualis indica and 1 part of fructus cnidii.
According to the technical scheme, the fermentation base material comprises the following raw materials: the fermentation base material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of corn, 2 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of soybean meal and 0.03 part of composite trace elements.
According to the technical scheme, the traditional Chinese medicine composition and the fermentation base material are subjected to fermentation microorganism selection of streptomyces griseus (GDS-STT-2015-0001) in the microbial fermentation process, and accord with the identification characteristics of the legal production safety bacteria strain catalog of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms.
According to the technical scheme, the preparation of the auxiliary materials comprises the following raw materials: alcohol extract, penetrant, emulsifier, complexing agent and protective agent.
A method for preparing environment-friendly pesticide by using traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology comprises the following steps:
A. weighing the Chinese medicinal composition and fermentation base material, pulverizing, adding into a fermentation tank, adding purified water, sterilizing, making into culture medium, cooling, and adding compound trace elements;
B. injecting streptomyces griseochromogenes into the cooled culture medium, ventilating, stirring, culturing, fermenting, and finishing fermentation after the bacteria content is detected to be qualified;
C. adding an alcohol extracting agent into the culture medium, and extracting the alcohol after uniformly stirring;
D. extracting with ethanol, filtering to obtain fine filtrate, and bottling to obtain oral pesticide;
according to the technical scheme, in the step A, the purified water is 9 times of the raw material, the raw material is sterilized for 25min at the temperature of 120 ℃, and the composite trace elements added into the culture medium consist of three parts of nitrogen, three parts of phosphorus and four parts of potassium and are added after being cooled to 30 ℃.
According to the technical scheme, in the step B, the streptomyces griseus (GDS-STT-2015-0001) is taken out from a storage bank, then is subjected to 2 times of amplification culture, is added into the cooled culture medium according to the proportion of 1%, and the fermentation time is 10 days.
According to the technical scheme, in the step C, 95% of edible alcohol is selected as the alcohol extracting agent and added according to the proportion of 35% of the volume of the culture medium, and the alcohol extracting time is 48 hours.
According to the technical scheme, 5kg of radix sophorae flavescentis, 2kg of pumpkin seeds, 1kg of betel nuts, 1kg of quisqualis fruits and 1kg of fructus cnidii are weighed in the traditional Chinese medicine composition, 5kg of corn, 2kg of wheat bran, 2kg of bean pulp and 30g of compound trace elements are weighed in a fermentation base material, 171kg of purified water is added, 60L of alcohol extract is injected, and 183L of oral insecticide is finally prepared.
The preparation method of the oral insecticide is concretely implemented as follows, in 7 months of 2018, 30 piglets are purchased by a client pig farm in Rizhou city, the weight is 25-30kg, the average weight is 26.3kg, the oral insecticide is randomly divided into A/B groups, 15 piglets in each group are normally cultured for 7 days, 60 live roundworms and 60 live tapeworms are obtained from a livestock aquaculture science and technology company in Rizhou city, which is a subordinate unit of the company, and are directly injected into digestive tracts of the 30 piglets by an injection mode according to 4 worms/pigs, the roundworms are injected into the A group and the B group, and after the piglets are continuously cultured for 10-15 days, the piglets are found to gradually decrease in appetite, eliminate the body size, the hair is lengthened, the skin is rough, the growth is slow, the worms are discharged along with excrement, when the pigs are cultured for 20-25 days, the 5 piglets in the A group are randomly extracted, and the 5 piglets in the B group are continuously subjected to dissection, the oral insecticide prepared in example 1 is mixed in feed according to the dosage of 3 ml/head, the mixture is stirred uniformly, the rest 20 pigs are fed, feces are checked after 2 hours, a large amount of parasites are discharged from the A/B group, 2 heads of the A group and 2 heads of the B group are dissected on day 2, living roundworms and tapeworms are not found in the digestive tract, the A group is mixed in the feed according to the dosage of 100ml/8 heads and is stirred uniformly, the A group is not abnormal, and the rest 16 pigs are good except that the B group 1 die in the middle due to other diseases.
Example 2: as shown in figures 1-3, an environment-friendly pesticide prepared by traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology is prepared from traditional Chinese medicine composition, fermentation base material, and adjuvants.
According to the technical scheme, the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials: the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 2 parts of pumpkin seeds, 1 part of betel nuts, 1 part of quisqualis indica and 1 part of fructus cnidii.
According to the technical scheme, the fermentation base material comprises the following raw materials: the fermentation base material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of corn, 2 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of soybean meal and 0.03 part of composite trace elements.
According to the technical scheme, the traditional Chinese medicine composition and the fermentation base material are subjected to fermentation microorganism selection of streptomyces griseus (GDS-STT-2015-0001) in the microbial fermentation process, and accord with the identification characteristics of the legal production safety bacteria strain catalog of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms.
According to the technical scheme, the preparation of the auxiliary materials comprises the following raw materials: alcohol extract, penetrant, emulsifier, complexing agent and protective agent.
A method for preparing environment-friendly pesticide by using traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology comprises the following steps:
A. weighing the Chinese medicinal composition and fermentation base material, pulverizing, adding into a fermentation tank, adding purified water, sterilizing, making into culture medium, cooling, and adding compound trace elements;
B. injecting streptomyces griseochromogenes into the cooled culture medium, ventilating, stirring, culturing, fermenting, and finishing fermentation after the bacteria content is detected to be qualified;
C. adding an alcohol extracting agent into the culture medium, and extracting the alcohol after uniformly stirring;
D. extracting with ethanol, filtering to obtain fine filtrate, and bottling to obtain oral pesticide;
E. adding penetrant, emulsifier, complexing agent and protective agent into the fine filtrate, stirring, and bottling to obtain topical pesticide.
According to the technical scheme, in the step A, the purified water is 9 times of the raw material, the raw material is sterilized for 25min at the temperature of 120 ℃, and the composite trace elements added into the culture medium consist of three parts of nitrogen, three parts of phosphorus and four parts of potassium and are added after being cooled to 30 ℃.
According to the technical scheme, in the step B, the streptomyces griseus (GDS-STT-2015-0001) is taken out from a storage bank, then is subjected to 2 times of amplification culture, is added into the cooled culture medium according to the proportion of 1%, and the fermentation time is 10 days.
According to the technical scheme, in the step C, 95% of edible alcohol is selected as the alcohol extracting agent and added according to the proportion of 35% of the volume of the culture medium, and the alcohol extracting time is 48 hours.
According to the technical scheme, in the step E, the penetrating agent is ginger paste, the emulsifying agent is Tween 80, the complexing agent is EDTA-2Na, the protective agent is sodium silicate, and the ratio of the ginger paste, the Tween 80, the EDTA-2Na, the sodium silicate and the fine filter liquor is 2: 4: 5: 984.
According to the technical scheme, 5kg of radix sophorae flavescentis, 2kg of pumpkin seeds, 1kg of betel nuts, 1kg of quisqualis fruits and 1kg of fructus cnidii are weighed for the traditional Chinese medicine composition, 5kg of corn, 2kg of wheat bran, 2kg of bean pulp and 30g of compound trace elements are weighed for the fermentation base material, 171kg of purified water is added, 60L of alcohol extract is injected to prepare 183L of fine filter liquor, 0.37L of penetrating agent, 0.77L of emulsifying agent, 0.93L of complexing agent and 0.93L of protective agent are added to the fine filter liquor, and 185.5L of external insecticide is finally prepared.
The externally applied pesticide prepared by the method is specifically implemented as follows:
in 2018, 7 and 14 days, the external insecticide prepared in the example 2 is taken, diluted by 1000 times with water, and sprayed to kill the fruit tree pests (soft budworms) in our company, the fruit tree pests are attached to the bottom surfaces of the fruit tree leaves as shown in figure 2 before spraying, and the fruit tree pests gradually lose activity and cannot be attached to the bottom surfaces of the leaves as shown in figure 3 after spraying, and the fruit tree pests die completely within 3 minutes and fall off the ground.
In 2018, 7 and 14 days, the external insecticide prepared in example 2 is diluted by adding water by 1500 times to spray-kill the vegetable leaf eating insects planted in our company, and the vegetable leaf eating insects die completely within 3 minutes.
In 2018, 7 and 14 days, the external insecticide prepared in the example 2 is taken and diluted 1000 times with water in a pig farm dormitory of a company, and mosquitoes die completely within 3 minutes.
In 2018, 7 and 16 days, a termite spray-killing test is carried out under a green belt fruit tree of our company, the externally-applied pesticide prepared in the example 2 is taken and diluted by 300 times by adding water, and the termites at the head of the tree are sprayed and killed for 2 minutes.
In 2018, 9 and 18 months, the external insecticide prepared in example 2 is dropped into a mixture of edible peanut oil and white syrup to prepare a trapping agent, the trapping agent is placed in a kitchen of a dining room of a company employee, more cockroaches are fed with the trapping agent when the mixture is observed at 12:30 in the evening, and no cockroach activity phenomenon is found again when the mixture is checked at 12:30 in the evening in the next day.
The environment-friendly pesticide is prepared by preparing a culture medium from an edible traditional Chinese medicine composition and a fermentation base material for feeding, fermenting by utilizing a nontoxic strain which accords with the identification characteristics of national production safety bacteria 'strain catalogue', and then adding nuisanceless auxiliary materials, has the characteristics of environmental protection and harmlessness, avoids the adverse effects of toxic and side effects of antibiotics and chemical drugs on animal growth inhibition and immunosuppression when being used for orally taking the environment-friendly pesticide, avoids the characteristics of nuisanceless, avoids the environmental pollution caused by pesticide residues and the health and safety risks of the drug residues of edible animals and plants on human beings, simultaneously avoids the problem of drug resistance of pests caused by single components of the antibiotics and the chemical drugs and long-term use, and ensures that the oral pesticide can effectively kill parasites in animals through the test of example 1, the situation that cultured animals die due to diseases caused by parasites is reduced, and under a plurality of experiments in example 2, the externally-applied insecticide is effectively guaranteed to kill a plurality of insects, so that the insecticidal spectrum is wide, and the insecticidal effect is obvious.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An environment-friendly pesticide prepared by using a traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology is characterized in that: the environment-friendly pesticide is prepared from a traditional Chinese medicine composition, a fermentation base material and auxiliary materials after microbial fermentation.
2. The environment-friendly pesticide prepared by the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials: the traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 3-15 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 2-6 parts of pumpkin seeds, 1-4 parts of betel nuts, 1-4 parts of rangooncreeper fruits and 1-4 parts of fructus cnidii.
3. The environment-friendly pesticide prepared by the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fermentation base material comprises the following raw materials: the fermented base material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of corn, 2-10 parts of wheat bran, 2-6 parts of bean pulp and 0.05-0.01 part of composite trace elements.
4. The environment-friendly pesticide prepared by the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the traditional Chinese medicine composition and the fermentation base material are subjected to fermentation microorganism in the microbial fermentation process, and streptomyces griseus (GDS-STT-2015-0001) is selected as the fermentation microorganism.
5. The environment-friendly pesticide prepared by the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the auxiliary material preparation comprises the following raw materials: alcohol extract, penetrant, emulsifier, complexing agent and protective agent.
6. The method for preparing an environment-friendly pesticide prepared by using a traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
A. weighing the Chinese medicinal composition and fermentation base material, pulverizing, adding into a fermentation tank, adding purified water, sterilizing, making into culture medium, cooling, and adding compound trace elements;
B. injecting streptomyces griseochromogenes into the cooled culture medium, ventilating, stirring, culturing, fermenting, and finishing fermentation after the bacteria content is detected to be qualified;
C. adding an alcohol extracting agent into the culture medium, and extracting the alcohol after uniformly stirring;
D. extracting with ethanol, filtering to obtain fine filtrate, and bottling to obtain oral pesticide;
E. adding penetrant, emulsifier, complexing agent and protective agent into the fine filtrate, stirring, and bottling to obtain topical pesticide.
7. The method for preparing the environment-friendly pesticide prepared by the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in the step A, 9 times of purified water is used as raw materials, sterilization is carried out for 15-25min at the temperature of 120 ℃, and the composite trace elements added into the culture medium consist of three parts of nitrogen, three parts of phosphorus and four parts of potassium and are added after being cooled to 28-30 ℃.
8. The method for preparing the environment-friendly pesticide prepared by the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in the step B, the streptomyces griseus is taken out from a storage bank, is subjected to 2 times of amplification culture, is added into the cooled culture medium according to the proportion of 1 percent, and is fermented for 9 to 10 days.
9. The method for preparing the environment-friendly pesticide prepared by the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in the step C, 95% edible alcohol is selected as the alcohol extracting agent and is added according to the proportion of 20-40% of the volume of the culture medium, and the alcohol extracting time is 48-50 h.
10. The method for preparing the environment-friendly pesticide prepared by the traditional Chinese medicine fermentation technology according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in the step E, the penetrating agent is ginger paste, the emulsifying agent is Tween 80, the complexing agent is EDTA-2Na, the protective agent is sodium silicate, and the ratio of the ginger paste to the Tween 80 to the EDTA-2Na to the sodium silicate to the fine filtrate is 1: 4: 5: 3: 984.
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