CN1120460A - 带有可自动偏置收回针头的简易安全注射器 - Google Patents

带有可自动偏置收回针头的简易安全注射器 Download PDF

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CN1120460A
CN1120460A CN95107959A CN95107959A CN1120460A CN 1120460 A CN1120460 A CN 1120460A CN 95107959 A CN95107959 A CN 95107959A CN 95107959 A CN95107959 A CN 95107959A CN 1120460 A CN1120460 A CN 1120460A
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陈隆雄
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Huang Wushun
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    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
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    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
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    • A61M2005/3223Means impeding or disabling repositioning of used needles at the syringe nozzle
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
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    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
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    • A61M2005/3284Deformaton of needle by deflection or bending
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S128/00Surgery
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种带有可自动偏置收回针头的简易安全注射器,在针筒内滑动套装有推液柱塞,在针筒处开设有一与针头相插套的套筒,柱塞的顶部有一上凸的插接件,插接件为一个可与针头尾部偏向插座相插嵌的箭头状杆体,柱塞的周边内凹环槽中套嵌有一填料环,填料环的外周与中空针筒内腔滑动套配,针头偏向插座的锥体轴线与注射针本体的轴心线有一锐状夹角,注射时,柱塞推压针筒内腔中药液经针头射出,在注射完毕时,柱塞的插接件与针头尾部的锥状插座相插嵌,当下拉柱塞杆时,可将原插放在针头套筒中呈外露状的针头带入到针筒中。并且呈偏置内藏的不易穿出状。

Description

带有可自动偏置收回针头的简易安全注射器
本发明涉及一种医疗器械,特别是一种带有可自动偏置收回针头的简易安全注射器。
现有的简易安全注射器,由针头、针筒、活塞三件构成,其针筒一般用无毒塑料制成,而活塞用弹性橡胶制成,也有采用塑制柱塞的。因这类安全型注射器既要求安全实用,又要求价格便宜,因为它们是一次性使用的。用后随即丢掉,因针头一直呈外露状态,故在清理过程中和丢掉后被小孩拾检或垃圾收运者收装时很易扎伤手脚,很不安全,也容易对扎伤者造成病菌感染或传染病的污染,失去了安全注射器的意义。
为解决上述问题,94205167.X专利中公开了一注射器,这种注射器带有一个安全防护装置,这个防护装置包括一个增设在注射针筒顶部的护座,与针头括动套装的一个套罩,以及套兜在套罩及护座之间的弹性膜套构成,注射完毕不用时,向前推动套罩使其从针头上脱出并将针头罩于其内,以防止刺伤人手的不安全问题的产生,如需注射时,再将套罩与针头套插上,而弹性套膜则由于套罩和护座同心而自动弹缩在一起,针头便呈外露状。这种带防护装置的注射器较现有注射器复杂,造价也高,只适合于那种多次使用的注射器,不适合简易注射器所采用。
94220613.4专利中公开了一种安全注射器,它同样有一个中空的针筒和一与针筒同轴的推液装置,与普通注射器所不同之处是在推液装置的活塞上部设置有一上凸的偏心插杆头,在偏心插杆头对应处的针筒顶部设有一与针头插套的偏心插套,平时,插杆头与针头尾部的插卡凹坑相插卡并将针头回拉隐放在针筒内,以起安全作用,用时,可将可摆动的针头对准插套而重新顶出使用。这种结构的注射器虽具有较好的安全性,卫生性,但是由于其呈偏心状设置,因此,在注射时总会有一种偏转感,不太容易操握,另外,其括塞部分是由一个较厚大的弹性橡胶套帽和一与其一体成型的硬质活塞盘及与活塞连为一体的推杆构成的,故其结构较复杂,成型时也较费事,因此,其成本也高,此外,围包的弹性橡胶套帽因围包面积大而厚,故用胶量也多,而弹性橡胶也较贵,因此,使整体成本更为增加。如作为简易注射使用,则一次就要丢掉,且数量巨大,故不仅不经济,也造成了原材料的浪费、丢掉后的注射器中的橡胶部分不易回收利用,反而会对环境造成二次污染。
美国专利5328475中所公开的安全注射器的结构与前述94220613类似,因此,其也存在类似的问题。
本发明的目的就在于克服现有技术所存在的上述缺点和不足,而提供一种用胶量少、低成本,目结构简单的装有环形密封圈的带有可自动偏置收回针头的简易安全注射器。
本发明的目的是通过下面的技术方案实现的:
在针筒内滑动套装有推液柱塞,在针筒的顶壁中心处开设有一与针头相插套的针头套筒,推液柱塞的顶部有一上凸的与柱塞一体成型的插接件,插接件为一个可与针头尾部偏向插座相插嵌的箭头状杆体,推液柱塞的薄盘状柱塞的周边内凹环槽中套嵌有一填料环,填料环的外周与中空针筒内腔滑动套配,针头偏向插座的锥体轴线与注射针本体的轴心线有一锐状夹角,注射时,推液柱塞推压针筒内腔中药液经针头射出,在注射完毕时,柱塞顶部上凸的箭头状插接件与针头尾部的锥状插座相插嵌,当下拉柱塞杆时,可将原插放在针头套筒中呈外露状的针头带入到针筒中。并且呈偏置内藏的不易穿出状。
由上可见,本发明的显著效果是:
第1:由于箭头状插接件与柱塞为一体成型而成,再加之填料环的采用,使得推液柱塞的结构简化,而且,省去了包复在柱塞上的较厚的弹性橡胶套层,可节省大量的价格较贵的弹性橡胶,不仅降低了成本,便于简易一次性注射器的推广使用,而且,避免了加工成型时的困难。
第2:由于插接件与针头套简同轴心,既无偏置所造成的握拿不稳定,也无对位注射易偏摆的问题。
第3:因由体积较小的填料环作为推液柱塞上的密封件,使其与针筒内腔的接触为具有环形的线性接触,故摩擦力很小,具有推拉灵活省力的特点,同时也降低了对推液柱塞部分的成型尺寸精度的要求,使柱塞更便于加工和降低成本。
第4:小体积的填料环既便于取下单独回收,也因其体积小,用料量少而降低了对环境的污染程度。
本发明的具体结构是通过下面的实施例及附图实现的:
图1是本发明的结构剖面图。
图2是本发明注射结束时的结构剖面图。
图3是本发明注射针退入针筒内的结构剖面图。
图4是本发明注射针呈弯曲状态的示意图。
图5是本发明注射针与柱塞呈分离状的结构放大图。
下面将结合附图1—5对本发明的具体结构进行详细的说明:
本发明由一中空的注射筒11、插放在注射筒11顶部中心针头套筒12内的针头2及活动插装在注射筒11内腔10中的推液柱塞3组成了注射器1,注射筒11下敞口部有一注射器凸柄14,针头2由注射针21及注射针下段固套的插合段22组成,在插合段22的尾部中心处开设有一锥状偏向插座27,在插合段22中段套嵌有一与针头套筒12内的环形凹槽120a相插卡密封的填料环26a,推液柱塞3由上部的柱塞31a和柱塞杆35构成,在柱塞31a上部凸设有一箭头状插接件30,其特征在于:柱塞31a、柱塞杆35及其上部凸设的箭头状插接件30为一体注射而成的整体式推液柱塞3,箭头状插接件30位于柱塞31a中心轴线处并与针头套筒12中心线同轴,柱塞31a的外周开设有套嵌有填料环38的环形凹槽311a,套嵌在柱塞上的填料环38的外周圈与注射筒11的内腔10内壁面线性接触并随柱塞同步移动。参见图1至图5
本发明的结构特征还在于:
锥状偏向插座27的锥体轴线270与注射针21的轴心线200相交叉并形成一锐形夹角A,锥状偏向插座27沿插合段22末端自下向上开设,锥状偏向插座27的锥孔顶部272与其上部的分叉切口25相贯通,锥形偏向插座27下部为一向内上方贯通的导向部份231,导向部分231与插合段22的尾部230相过渡并构成一弹性插卡件。参见图1至图2及图5
锥状的偏向插座27中开设有棘齿槽271a,棘齿槽271a开设在插合段22的尾部230的圆周方向并从其锥底环面271沿径向自上向下逐渐缩小,在箭头状的插接件30的箭头部分301下环边周向间隔开设有与棘齿槽271a相啮合的放射状棘齿301a,箭头部分301通过上凸的颈杆部302与薄盘形的柱塞31a的顶部中心连为一整体。参见图5
下面将结合附图1—5对本发明的具体实施例进行更详细的描述:
本发明包括:注射器1,注射针组件2及柱塞件3。
注射器1包括:注射筒11及注射筒11内的可用于充填液体药剂4的内腔部分10,注射器1中心部位的纵向注射器轴线100,从注射器筒体11的前端向前收缩形成的套筒部分12,其上有一个中心孔121,在套筒12的尾部,邻近注射器筒11位置有一扩口122,在套筒12的前部位置切出一个圆形弓形凹槽120a,在注射器筒体11的尾部有一注射器柄14,在注射器筒体11的尾都还有一环形向内的凸出部16。
注射针组件2包括:注射针21,在注射针21的前端注射针尖211,与注射针21相连接的插合段22,在注射针插合段22的圆周方向带有弓形填料环26a,与套筒部分12上的环槽120a配合联接,在22的尾部有纵向分叉切口25,该切口在注射针插合段尾部230进一步开出凹槽,在22的末端形成的偏向插座27呈锥形并与尾端部分230切出的导向部分231相连,注射针轴线200纵向定义在注射针组件的中心位置,插合段22及尾部230是用有弹性的塑料制成,填料环26a可以紧配在22的槽中,也可以与插合段22整体成型。
当注射针组件2正常固定在注射器1的套筒部分12并用于注射时,注射针轴线200与注射器轴线100对中。
通常呈锥形的偏向插座包括:锥底271,从锥底271向外渐缩形成的锥顶272,锥体纵轴向轴线270与锥顶272至锥底271的垂线对中,而与注射针组件2的注射针轴线200倾斜偏离,在注射针轴200与偏向插座27的纵向锥体轴线270之间形成一个锐角A。锥底271有一个棘齿槽271a,它是在插合段22的尾部圆周方向切出的槽,且从偏向插座27的锥底271起沿径向向后逐渐变小。偏向插座27与柱塞件3的箭头部分301密配,当完成注射之后的连接于柱塞件3上的注射针组件退回到注射器筒体11内时,注射针组件受到斜压。
柱塞件3包括:一个可在注射器1的注射器筒体11内滑动的薄盘形柱塞31a,一个在柱塞31a的前部并与之整体成型的联接件30,在此联接件30的前端有一箭头部件301,301插入注射针组件2上的偏向插座27中,而插合段尾部230则被限止在注射器1的套筒部分12尾部的扩口部分122,一个从柱塞31a后向延伸出的并与柱塞整体联接,与柱塞柄37整体固定的柱塞杆35,用此柱塞杆可推动柱塞31a,而当退回柱塞31a时,注射器筒体11尾部的环形凸起部16可限止柱塞31a的退向移动,柱塞轴线300定义在注射器件3的中心位置,通常与注射针组件2的注射针轴线200及注射器件1的注射器轴线100共线。
联接件30包括:呈锥形的箭头部分301,301与注射针组件2的锥形偏向插座27相咬合,此时箭头部分301的锥顶落在柱塞轴线300,注射针轴线200及注射器轴线100上,如图3所示,此时即可进行药物注射,联接件30还包括有联接在箭头部分301及柱塞31a之间的颈部302。
箭头部分301尾端周边环绕设置有棘齿301a,它与注射针组件2中偏向插座27上的棘齿槽271a咬合,以确保联接件30与注射针组件2的插座27牢固联接,从而在将注射针组件退回到注射器筒体11内时,注射针组件与柱塞31a能可靠地相连。
柱塞31a的周边有一环形槽311a,用以嵌入环形填料环38,以使柱塞31a在注射器筒体11内作平稳地无泄漏滑动。环形填料环可采用圆形横截面的结构,但本发明并无此限制。
当如图1所示使用本发明进行注射时,推动柱塞31a可将筒体11内的药液4推动,经注射针组件2进入病人躯体。
然后,联接件30的箭头部分301被强制插入注射针组件2的偏向插座27中,并挤压注射针组件2的针尾部分230,迫使它扩大分叉,从而贮存针尾部分分叉的弹性势能,并实现联接件30与注射针组件2之间的联接,如图3所示。柱塞退回后,柱塞31a及与之相连的注射针组件2,退到注射器筒体11的中空内腔部分10,如图4所示,由于释放出在将箭头部分301与偏向插座27强制联接(如图2所示)时所积累在注射针尾部230内的弹性力,从而使注射针组件2的偏向插座27恢复到与柱塞件3上联接件30的箭头部分密配的状况,从而使联接于柱塞31a上的注射针组件2自动偏置,如图3所示。若再次向外推出注射针组件,针头211将受到注射器筒体11前部凸肩的阻碍,针被弯曲,被阻止向外伸出,从而可防止伤害他人或污染周围环境。参见图4。

Claims (3)

1、带有可自动偏置收回针头的简易安全注射器,由一中空的注射筒(11)、插放在注射筒(11)顶部中心针头套筒(12)内的针头(2)及活动插装在注射筒(11)内腔(10)中的推液柱塞(3)组成了注射器(1),注射筒(11)下敞口部有一注射器凸柄(14),针头(2)由注射针(21)及注射针下段固套的插合段(22)组成,在插合段(22)的尾部中心处开设有一锥状偏向插座(27),在插合段(22)中段套嵌有一与针头套筒(12)内的环形凹槽(120a)相插卡密封的填料环(26a),推液柱塞(3)由上部的柱塞(31a)和柱塞杆(35)构成,在柱塞(31a)上部凸设有一箭头状插接件(30),其特征在于:柱塞(31a)、柱塞杆(35)及其上部凸设的箭头状插接件(30)为一体注射而成的整体式推液柱塞(3),箭头状插接件(30)位于柱塞(31a)中心轴线处并与针头套筒(12)中心线同轴,柱塞(31a)的外周开设有套嵌有填料环(38)的环形凹槽(311a),套嵌在柱塞上的填料环(38)的外周圈与注射筒(11)的内腔(10)内壁面线性接触并随柱塞同步移动。
2、按照权利要求1所述的带有可自动偏置收回针头的简易安全注射器,其特征在于:锥状偏向插座(27)的锥体轴线(270)与注射针(21)的轴心线(200)相交叉并形成一锐形夹角A,锥状偏向插座(27)沿插合段(22)末端自下向上开设,锥状偏向插座(27)的锥孔顶部(272)与其上部的分叉切口(25)相贯通,锥形偏向插座(27)下部为一向内上方贯通的导向部份(231),导向部分(231)与插合段(22)的尾部(230)相过渡并构成一弹性插卡件。
3、按照权利要求1或2所述的带有可自动偏置收回针头的简易安全注射器,其特征在于:锥状的偏向插座(27)中开设有棘齿槽(271a),棘齿槽(271a)开设在插合段(22)的尾部(230)的圆周方向并从其锥底环面(271)沿径向自上向下逐渐缩小,在箭头状的插接件(30)的箭头部分(301)下环边周向间隔开设有与棘齿槽(271a)相啮合的放射状棘齿(301a),箭头部分(301)通过上凸的颈杆部(302)与薄盘形的柱塞(31a)的顶部中心连为一整体。
CN95107959A 1994-07-29 1995-07-25 带有可自动偏置收回针头的简易安全注射器 Expired - Fee Related CN1104914C (zh)

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KR0145391B1 (ko) 1998-07-01
CN1104914C (zh) 2003-04-09
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US5405327A (en) 1995-04-11
CZ156695A3 (en) 1996-02-14
CA2154960A1 (en) 1996-01-30
KR960003749A (ko) 1996-02-23

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