CN112042675A - Insecticidal composition containing biogenic pesticide and application thereof - Google Patents
Insecticidal composition containing biogenic pesticide and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/22—Bacillus
- A01N63/23—B. thuringiensis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide compounding, and relates to an insecticidal composition containing a biological source pesticide and application thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pesticides, relates to an insecticidal composition with remarkable synergy, and is particularly suitable for preventing and treating lepidoptera pest larvae of noctuidae, plutella xylostella, snout moth and the like through contact poisoning and stomach poisoning.
Background
Compared with chemical pesticides, the biological pesticide has the advantages of fast decomposition, small toxic and side effects, less pesticide residues, more lasting pesticide effect, good control effect and capability of effectively ensuring the quality of agricultural and sideline products. Biopesticides, also known as biogenic pesticides, are mainly of four types, namely natural enemy organisms, biochemistry, microbial pesticides and transgenic organisms. In recent years, since environmental problems have become increasingly serious, biopesticides have come to be widely used in agricultural production.
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) forms spores and parasporal crystals at one end or two ends of the bacteria, after the insects eat the Bt, the parasporal crystals are dissolved under the condition of special pH value of insect midgut and release Insecticidal Crystal Proteins (ICPs), and the insecticidal crystal proteins can be specifically combined with midgut epithelial cell receptors after being activated by midgut tryptase to change the permeability of cell membranes, so that the insect death caused by cell metabolic disorder is caused. The bacillus thuringiensis has the characteristics of no public nuisance, wide insecticidal spectrum, long persistent period and the like, has high biological control value, and is widely used for controlling pests. The insecticidal spectrum of the insecticidal composition is expanded to more than 200 pests of 9 orders of lepidoptera, diptera, coleoptera, hymenoptera, homoptera, orthoptera, mallophaga, phthira and siphonaptera.
The chemical name of the compound shown as the formula (I) is 2-chloro-N-cyclopropyl-5- (1- (2,6-dichloro-4- (perfluoropropane-2-yl) phenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl) -N-methylnicotinamide, and the English chemical name is as follows: 2-Chloro-N-cyclopropyl-5- (1- (2, 6-dichoro-4- (perfluoropropan-2-yl) phenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl) -N-methylnicotinamide, the chemical structural formula of which is as follows:
lepidoptera (Lepidoptera) is the 2 nd largest order of the Insecta, second only to Coleoptera, and lepidopteran larvae feed on flowering plants except for a very small number, many of which are important pests of agriculture and forestry. The larval stage of lepidoptera pests is the main stage of feeding harm, and the damage modes are various: leaf curl, leaf affix, leaf dive, etc.
In the agricultural production process, chemical agents are the most effective means for controlling lepidopteran larvae. Research reports have indicated that the use of a single chemical agent at high doses over a long period of time results in a wide variety of lepidopteran larvae exhibiting greater resistance to such agents as pyrethrins and organophosphates. The reasonable compounding or mixing of the chemical agents has the positive characteristics of expanding the insecticidal spectrum, improving the control effect, prolonging the application period, reducing the dosage, reducing the phytotoxicity, reducing the residue, delaying the occurrence of the drug resistance and the drug resistance of pests and the like. The applicant surprisingly discovers through indoor toxicity experiments and field efficacy experiments that the compound combination of 2-chloro-N-cyclopropyl-5- (1- (2,6-dichloro-4- (perfluoropropane-2-yl) phenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl) -N-methylnicotinamide and bacillus thuringiensis has an obvious synergistic effect, and the insecticidal composition compounded of 2-chloro-N-cyclopropyl-5- (1- (2,6-dichloro-4- (perfluoropropane-2-yl) phenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl) -N-methylnicotinamide and bacillus thuringiensis and the application thereof are not reported at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the situation, the invention aims to provide an insecticidal composition containing a biogenic pesticide and a preparation thereof, which are mainly used for preventing and treating phytophagous pests in agriculture and forestry.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an insecticidal composition containing a biogenic pesticide, which comprises an active ingredient A and an active ingredient B, wherein the active ingredient A is bacillus thuringiensis, and the active ingredient B is a compound shown as a formula (I), and the structural formula is as follows:
further, the content of the active component A in the insecticidal composition is 800 IU/mg to 100000 IU/mg, preferably 4000 IU/mg to 50000 IU/mg.
Further, the content of the active ingredient B in the insecticidal composition is 1-50 wt%, preferably 3-20 wt%.
Further, the insecticidal composition further comprises an adjuvant selected from one or more of a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, an emulsifier, a thickener, a disintegrant, an antifreeze, an antifoaming agent, a solvent, a preservative, a stabilizer, a synergist and a carrier;
the wetting agent is selected from one or more of alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, lignosulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, alpha olefin sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol ethoxylate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, silkworm excrement, Chinese honeylocust fruit powder, soapberry powder, SOPA, detergent, emulsifier 2000 series and wetting penetrant F; and/or
The dispersing agent is selected from one or more of lignosulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, naphthalene sulfonate, tristyrylphenol ethoxylate phosphate, fatty alcohol ethoxylate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether methyl ether condensate sulfate, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, glycerol fatty acid ester polyoxyethylene ether, polycarboxylate, polyacrylic acid, phosphate, EO-PO block copolymer and EO-PO graft copolymer; and/or
The emulsifier is selected from one or more of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, fatty alcohol ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer, styryl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether and alkylphenol ether phosphate; and/or
The thickener is one or more selected from xanthan gum, organic bentonite, gum arabic, sodium alginate, magnesium aluminum silicate, carboxymethyl cellulose and white carbon black; and/or
Disintegrant the disintegrant is selected from one or more of sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, aluminum chloride, sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, bentonite, glucose, sucrose, starch, cellulose, urea, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, citric acid, and tartaric acid; and/or
The antifreezing agent is selected from one or more of alcohols, alcohol ethers, chlorohydrocarbons and inorganic salts; and/or
The defoaming agent is selected from C10-C20Saturated fatty acid compound, silicone oil, silicone compound, C8-C10One of fatty alcoholsOr a plurality thereof; and/or
The solvent is selected from one or more of benzene, toluene, xylene, durene, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, cyclohexanone, alkylene carbonate, diesel oil, solvent oil, vegetable oil derivative and water; and/or
The preservative is selected from one or more of propionic acid, sodium propionate, sorbic acid, sodium sorbate, potassium sorbate, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, sodium parahydroxybenzoate, methyl parahydroxybenzoate, carbazone and 1, 2-benzisothiazoline 3-one; and/or
The stabilizer is selected from one or more of disodium hydrogen phosphate, oxalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, borax, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, triethanolamine oleate, epoxidized vegetable oil, kaolin, bentonite, attapulgite, white carbon black, talcum powder, montmorillonite and starch; and/or
The synergist is selected from synergistic phosphorus and synergistic ether; and/or
The carrier is selected from one or more of ammonium salt, ground natural mineral, ground artificial mineral, silicate, resin, wax, solid fertilizer, deionized water, organic solvent, mineral oil, vegetable oil and vegetable oil derivative; and/or
Further, the preparation is in a dosage form selected from any one of powder, granules, soluble powder, soluble granules, soluble tablets, water dispersible granules, wettable powder, microcapsule granules, powder, water dispersible tablets, microcapsule suspending agents, dispersible solutions, missible oil, emulsion in water, microemulsion, suspending agents, suspoemulsion and soluble solutions;
further, the formulation of the preparation is selected from any one of wettable powder, microemulsion and suspending agent;
wettable powders are those which are intended to be uniformly dispersed in water by mixing the composition in a certain proportion with a suitable surfactant and inert substances, and which contain, in addition to the active substance and inert substances, a certain amount of an anionic or nonionic surfactant. The wettable powder does not use solvent and emulsifier, is safe to plants, is not easy to generate phytotoxicity and is safe to the environment. The wettable powder consists of the following components in percentage by weight:
| components | Content (wt.) |
| Active ingredient A | 800 IU/mg-100000 IU/mg |
| Active ingredient B | 0.1～50％ |
| Wetting agent | 0.2～20％ |
| Dispersing agent | 0.1～5.0％ |
| Stabilizer | 0.1～5.0％ |
| Defoaming agent | 0.1～5.0％ |
| Carrier | Make up to 100% |
According to the formula, bacillus thuringiensis and 2-chloro-N-cyclopropyl-5- (1- (2,6-dichloro-4- (perfluoropropane-2-yl) phenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl) -N-methylnicotinamide are mixed with a dispersing agent, a wetting agent and a filler, are uniformly stirred in a stirring kettle, are subjected to air flow crushing and are uniformly mixed, and the wettable powder of the composition can be prepared.
The microemulsion is a homogeneous liquid preparation with transparent appearance and composed of oil-soluble raw medicine, an emulsifier and water. The suspended liquid drops in the system are fine, the particle size is 0.01-0.1 mu m, the colloidal range is achieved, and the target body has strong permeability and good adhesion. In addition, the microemulsion takes water as a medium and contains no or little organic solvent, so that the microemulsion is non-inflammable and non-explosive, is safe in production and operation, and storage and transportation, has little environmental pollution, and saves a large amount of organic solvent. The microemulsion consists of the following components in percentage by weight:
| components | Content (wt.) |
| Active ingredient A | 800 IU/mg-100000 IU/mg |
| Active ingredient B | 0.1～50％ |
| Solvent(s) | 0.2～20％ |
| Emulsifier | 0.1～5.0％ |
| Antifreezing agent | 0.1～5.0％ |
| Deionized water | Make up to 100% |
The preparation method comprises the steps of completely dissolving bacillus thuringiensis and 2-chloro-N-cyclopropyl-5- (1- (2,6-dichloro-4- (perfluoropropane-2-yl) phenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl) -N-methylnicotinamide by using a cosolvent, adding other components such as an emulsifier, an antifreezing agent, a stabilizer and the like, uniformly mixing, adding water, and fully stirring to prepare the microemulsion.
The suspending agent is prepared by mixing the composition with proper surfactant, water or organic solvent in a certain proportion, grinding by a colloid mill, and grinding for 1-2 times by a sand mill to a certain fineness. The suspending agent is divided into an aqueous suspending agent and an oil suspending agent, and has small particle size, high biological activity, no dust flying problem, and no flammability and explosion. The suspending agent consists of active ingredients, a dispersing agent, a thickening agent, an anti-settling agent, a defoaming agent, an antifreezing agent, water and the like. The suspending agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
| components | Content (wt.) |
| Active ingredient A | 800 IU/mg-100000 IU/mg |
| Active ingredient B | 0.1～50％ |
| Wetting agent | 0.2～20％ |
| Dispersing agent | 0.1～10％ |
| Thickening agent | 0.1～5.0％ |
| Antifreezing agent | 0.1～5.0％ |
| Defoaming agent | 0.1～5.0％ |
| Solvent(s) | 0.1～3.0％ |
| Preservative | 0.1～5.0％ |
| Carrier | Make up to 100% |
The bacillus thuringiensis, 2-chloro-N-cyclopropyl-5- (1- (2,6-dichloro-4- (perfluoropropane-2-yl) phenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl) -N-methylnicotinamide and an auxiliary agent thereof are subjected to wet grinding by a sand mill until D90 (the particle size of 90 percent of particles) is less than 10 mu m, and then the suspension preparation of the composition can be prepared.
An insecticidal composition containing biogenic pesticide and its preparation are used for preventing and treating agricultural and forestry phytophagous pests;
further, the phytophagous pest larvae are lepidopteran pest larvae;
further, the lepidopteran pest larvae are pest larvae of Noctuidae, yophyllaceae, Carposinidae, Tortricidae, ophthalidae, arctidae, diamocodidae, piericidae, Plutellidae, Pyralidae, piericidae, hespitelidae, Pyralidae, spideridae, geleridae, geleciidae, and the like;
noctuidae: cabbage loopers [ Mamestra brassicae (L) ], beet armyworm [ Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) ], prodenia litura [ Spodoptera litura (fabricus) ], Sesamia inferen (Walker) ], cotton bollworm [ Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) ];
family nidae, Yponomeutidae: apple moth [ Yponomeuta padela (L.) ];
carposinidae of mothicid: peach fruit moth [ Carposina sasakii (Matsumura) ], oriental fruit borer [ craptholitha molesta (Busck) ], apple fruit borer [ craptholitha inopinata (Heinrich) ];
tortricidae tortricidal: peach white cabbage moth [ Spilonta albicana (Motschulsky) ], apple cabbage moth [ Cydia pomonella (L.) ], apple cabbage moth [ Choristoneura longicellana (Walsingham) ], apple brown cabbage moth [ Pandemia hepaana (Schiffermmuller) ], Grapholitha molesta (Busck) ];
arctidae of the family Arctidae: red light moth [ Amsacta lactnea (Cramer) ], fall webworm [ hypanthria cunea (drive) ], fall light moth [ spilrctia obliqua (Walker) ];
diamondback Limacodidae: praasa juncea (Walker), Choristoneura virescens (Praasa sinica (Moore)), Choristonella punctata (Cnidocampas flavescens (Walker));
pierdae of Pierdae: pieris rapae [ Pieris rapae (L.) ], Pieris rapae [ Pieris brassicae (L.) ], oriental Pieris [ Pieris canidia (Sparrman) ], bravais fusca [ Pieris melete (Menteride) ], mysteria Pieris [ Pontia dapidissice (L.) ], whiteflies of hawthorn [ Aporia crataegus (L.) ], and whiteflies of bean flour [ Pieris rapae (L.) ];
geometridae of family Geomelidae: spodoptera exigua [ Geometra papiliania (L.) ], Diospyros kaki [ Percnia giraffata (Guenee) ], Elaeagnus angusta cuneata [ Apocheima cinerarius (Erschoff) ], Ardisia jujuba (Sucra jujube Chu);
pyralidae of the family of snout moth: chilo suppressalis [ Chilo supppress (Walker) ], Tryporyza incertulas [ Walker (Walker) ], Ostrinia nubilalis [ caterpillar ], [ Catagela adjurca Walker ], Chilo suppressalis [ Chilo auricilis Dudgeon ], subspecies zea borer [ Ostrinia furnacalis (guene) ], european zea mays borer [ Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner) ], Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) ], plutella xylostellas [ hellla unidalis (Fabr) ], bean borer [ Maruca testulalis (Geyer) ], meadow moth (loxage stricture borer (loxage Linnaeus), pink moth borer [ chrysene) ];
plutellidae: diamondback moth [ Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) ];
discoideae heperidae: straight line rice skippers [ Parnara guttata (Bremer et Grey) ], curved line rice skippers [ Parnara gutta Evans ], brown line rice skippers east asian subspecies [ Parnara nasobada Moore ], cryptogram valley skippers [ Pelopidas mathias (Fab.) ], south asian valley skippers [ Pelopidas agna (Moore) ], ginger skippers [ Udaspes folus (graver) ];
gelechiidae family Gelechiidae: wheat moths (Sitotoga cerealliella Olivier), tuber moths [ Phthiria operculella (Zeller) ], pink bollworms [ Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) ];
further, the lepidoptera pests are noctuidae, plutella xylostella and borer family pests;
still further, the pest is a larva;
further, noctuidae is Spodoptera exigua (Hubner), Plutella xylostella (Plutella xylostella), and pyralidae is Chilo suppressalis (chiloeus).
Beet armyworm [ Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) ], noctuidae, which belongs to an intermittent and large-occurring pest, has a wide range of hosts, but mainly comprises beet, corn, Chinese cabbage, radish, spinach and the like. The newly hatched larvae are gathered on the back of the leaves to eat, the epidermis is remained to form transparent small holes, and the leaves can be eaten into holes and notches after 3 years, so that the yield of crops is reduced and even the seeds are damaged.
Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus), a Plutella xylostella family, also called cabbage worm and two-headed tip, belongs to lepidoptera Plutella family worldwide migratory flying pests, and is mainly harmful to Brassica oleracea, purple cabbage, broccoli, cabbage, mustard, cauliflower, cabbage, rape, radish and other cruciferous plants. The diamondback moth has the characteristics of multiple generations, strong reproductive capacity, wide host range, high drug resistance level, difficult control and the like.
Chilo supressalis (Walker), Cyrtomineae, is an important borer of gramineous crops such as rice and the like, is one of the most serious common pests on rice in China, and has the characteristics of multiple overwintering places, plant transferring hazards and the like. Chilo suppressalis can not only harm rice, but also harm cane shoots, corns, sorghum, sugarcane, rape, broad beans, wheat and the like.
The insecticidal composition obtained by compounding the effective components of the bacillus thuringiensis and the Nicoflupurole has obvious synergistic effect, can delay the generation of the key drug resistance, can reduce the production cost and the use cost, and can effectively prevent and control the phytophagous pests.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the insecticidal composition obtained by compounding the bacillus thuringiensis and the 2-chloro-N-cyclopropyl-5- (1- (2,6-dichloro-4- (perfluoropropane-2-yl) phenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl) -N-methylnicotinamide has good effect on preventing and treating lepidoptera pests, particularly larvae, and obvious synergistic effect;
(2) the use amount of chemical pesticides can be reduced, and the agricultural cost for preventing and controlling pests is reduced;
(3) the pesticide is friendly to crops, non-target organisms and environment, increases the quick-acting property of the pesticide to pests, delays the generation of pesticide resistance of the pests and prolongs the pesticide persistence.
Detailed Description
To make the technical solutions, objects, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described with the following specific examples, but the present invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.
Application of the medicament: preparing 50000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis and 90% of compound raw materials shown in the formula I into a plurality of groups of mixed liquid according to a certain proportion; 16000 IU/mg bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder and 5% microemulsion of the compound shown in the formula I
TABLE 1 list of the agents used in the test
| Medicament | |
| Processing number | Biopesticide |
| Preparation example 1 | 8000 IU/mg bacillus thuringiensis-compound wettable powder (8%) |
| Preparation example 2 | 8000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis suspension of the compound of the formula I (5%) |
| Preparation example 3 | 8000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis-microemulsion of the compound of formula I (6%) |
| Preparation example 4 | 16000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder of the compound of the formula I (5%) |
| Preparation example 5 | 16000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis suspension of the compound of formula I (8%) |
| Preparation example 6 | 16000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis microemulsion of formula I (5%) |
| Comparative example 1 | 5% microemulsion of a compound of formula I |
| Comparative example 2 | 16000 IU/mg bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder |
| Comparative example 3 | Clear water blank control |
Note: in the above table, the compound of formula I accounts for the percentage of the formulation.
The test medicaments are provided by group research and development centers.
Indoor Activity assay
Examples reference indoor bioassay test guidelines for pesticides part 6: an insect soaking method NT/T1154.6-2006; section 14: a leaf soaking method NT/T1154.14-2008; section 7: the combined effect of compounding was determined for NT/T1154.7-2008.
The pests for indoor determination are lepidoptera 2-instar larvae which are bred indoors, and after starvation treatment for 24h, the toxicity of the pesticide on each pest is determined.
Example 1
Indoor activity assay for diamondback moth
And taking diamondback moth second-instar larvae as a test object. The insect source is taken from a cabbage field in the flatness city, radish seedlings are continuously fed for multiple generations in an intelligent insect breeding room for standby, and second instar larvae with consistent healthy growth are selected as test insects.
The indoor biological assay selects a method combining leaf soaking and insect soaking. Selecting healthy and consistent diamondback moth second-instar larvae, putting fresh cabbage slices into liquid medicine by using tweezers to dip for 10s, taking out the cabbage slices, putting the cabbage slices into a culture dish padded with moisturizing filter paper after the liquid medicine is naturally dried, putting 20 diamondback moth second-instar larvae into the liquid medicine for 5s, sucking redundant liquid medicine by using the filter paper, and putting the test insects into a culture dish with dipped leaves at corresponding concentration; each treatment was repeated 4 times, with a blank treatment as a control. The treated test insects are placed in an artificial intelligent culture room with the temperature of 26 +/-1 ℃, the illumination time L: D: 16h:8h and the relative humidity of 60 percent for feeding.
Investigating the death condition of the test insects at 24h, 48h and 72h after the treatment of the medicament, judging the death standard of the test insects to be that the insects shrink obviously or the needles can not climb normally, and recording the number of the dead insects.
From the survey data, corrected mortality for each treatment was calculated. Calculating according to the formulas (1) and (2), and reserving the calculation results to the last two decimal points:
in the formula:
p-mortality in percent (%);
k-represents the number of dead insects, in head;
n-represents the total number of insects treated, in heads.
In the formula:
P1corrected mortality in percent (%);
Pt-treatment mortality in percent (%);
P0blank mortality in percent (%).
Statistical data analysis is carried out by Spss 2.0 software, single-factor variance comparison (pairwise comparison) analysis is carried out by LSD, and difference significance analysis is carried out by a Duncan's new complex range method (DMRT).
The results of the indoor activity measurements (see Table 2) show; of the 6 preparation examples and 2 control agents tested, 16000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I suspension (8%) had the highest activity against diamond back moth indoors, and at 72 hours post-administration, the mortality rate was 93.61%, 8000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I microemulsion (6%), 16000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I microemulsion (5%), 5% of formula I microemulsion mortality rates were 90.91%, 88.42%, 88.27%, respectively, and the difference in mortality rate between 16000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I suspension (8%) control was not significant; the indoor activity result of 16000 IU/mg bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder shows that 24 hours after the pesticide is applied, the indoor activity is poor, the death rate is 52.52%, the effect of the biological source pesticide is slow, and the death rate is 86.95% 72 hours after the pesticide is applied.
TABLE 2 indoor Activity assay of different insecticides on Plutella xylostella
Note: mortality (%) in the above table is the mean of each repetition, ± SE, with lower case letters representing a significant difference in 5% level.
Example 2
Indoor activity assay for beet armyworm
And taking the second-instar larvae of the spodoptera exigua as test objects. The insect source is taken from a cabbage field in the flatness city, the artificial feed is continuously used for feeding for multiple generations in an intelligent insect breeding room for standby, and healthy and consistent-growing beet armyworm second-instar larvae are selected as test insects.
The indoor bioassay adopts a leaf soaking method. Selecting healthy and consistent second-instar larvae of spodoptera exigua, putting fresh cabbage leaves into the liquid medicine by using tweezers to dip for 10s, taking out the fresh cabbage leaves, putting the cabbage leaves into each dish of 20 second-instar larvae of the spodoptera exigua in a culture dish padded with moisturizing filter paper after the liquid medicine is naturally dried, putting the 20 second-instar larvae into the liquid medicine for 5s, sucking redundant liquid medicine by using the filter paper, and putting the test insects into the culture dish dipped with leaves at corresponding concentration; each treatment was repeated 4 times, with a blank treatment as a control. The treated test insects are placed in an artificial intelligent culture room with the temperature of 26 +/-1 ℃, the illumination time L: D: 16h:8h and the relative humidity of 60 percent for feeding.
Investigating the death condition of the test insects at 24h, 48h and 72h after the treatment of the medicament, judging the death standard of the test insects to be that the insects shrink obviously or the needles can not climb normally, and recording the number of the dead insects.
From the survey data, corrected mortality for each treatment was calculated. Calculating according to the formulas (1) and (2), and reserving the calculation results to the last two decimal points:
in the formula:
p-mortality in percent (%);
k-represents the number of dead insects, in head;
n-represents the total number of insects treated, in heads.
In the formula:
P1corrected mortality in percent (%);
Pt-treatment mortality in percent (%);
P0blank mortality in percent (%).
Statistical data analysis was performed with Spss20 software, one-way variance comparison (pairwise comparison) analysis was performed with LSD, and differential significance analysis was performed with Duncan's New Complex polar error method (DMRT).
The results of the indoor activity measurements (see Table 3) show that; of the 6 preparation examples and 2 control agents tested, 16000 IU/mg Bacillus thuringiensis-compound suspension (8%) of formula I showed the highest indoor activity against spodoptera exigua, with a mortality rate of 94.93% at 72h post-administration; the mortality rates of 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound wettable powder (8%), 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound suspending agent (5%), 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound microemulsion (6%), 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound wettable powder (5%), 116000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound microemulsion (5%) are 91.12%, 92.43%, 91.12%, 92.37% and 91.12% respectively, and the mortality rate of 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound suspending agent (8%) is not different significantly; the differences between the preparation examples 1-6 and the reference medicament 5% of the microemulsion of the compound shown in the formula I and 16000 IU/mg of the bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder are obvious, and the mortality rates of the 5% of the microemulsion of the compound shown in the formula I and 16000 IU/mg of the bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder after the preparation are 86.05% and 83.55% respectively after the preparation is used for 72 hours.
TABLE 3 indoor Activity assay of different insecticides on spodoptera exigua
Note: mortality (%) in the above table is the mean of each repetition, ± SE, with lower case letters representing a significant difference in 5% level.
Example 3
Chilo suppressalis indoor activity assay
Chilo suppersalis Walker (Chilo suppersalis) second-instar larvae are taken as test subjects. The insect source is taken from the blue village paddy field in the city of Jimo, continuously raised for three generations in an intelligent insect breeding room for standby, and the chilo suppressalis second-instar larvae with healthy and consistent growth are selected as test insects.
The indoor bioassay adopts a leaf soaking method. Selecting healthy and consistent chilo suppressalis second-instar larvae, putting fresh water bamboo slices into liquid medicine to dip for 10s by using tweezers, taking out the water bamboo slices, putting the water bamboo slices into culture dishes padded with moisturizing filter paper after the liquid medicine is naturally dried, putting 20 second-instar larvae into the liquid medicine for 5s, sucking redundant liquid medicine by using the filter paper, and putting test insects into the culture dishes with soaked leaves at corresponding concentrations; each treatment was repeated 4 times, with a blank treatment as a control. The treated test insects are placed in an artificial intelligent culture room with the temperature of 26 +/-1 ℃, the illumination time L: D: 16h:8h and the relative humidity of 60 percent for feeding.
Investigating the death condition of the test insects at 24h, 48h and 72h after the treatment of the medicament, judging the death standard of the test insects to be that the insects shrink obviously or the needles can not climb normally, and recording the number of the dead insects.
From the survey data, corrected mortality for each treatment was calculated. Calculating according to the formulas (1) and (2), and reserving the calculation results to the last two decimal points:
in the formula:
p-mortality in percent (%);
k-represents the number of dead insects, in head;
n-represents the total number of insects treated, in heads.
In the formula:
P1corrected mortality in percent (%);
Pt-treatment mortality in percent (%);
P0blank mortality in percent (%).
Statistical data analysis was performed with Spss20 software, one-way variance comparison (pairwise comparison) analysis was performed with LSD, and differential significance analysis was performed with Duncan's New Complex polar error method (DMRT).
The results of the indoor toxicity show that,
the results of the indoor activity measurements (see Table 4) show; of the 6 preparation examples and 2 control agents tested, the mortality rate of 8000 IU/mg of Bacillus thuringiensis and compound of formula I microemulsion (6%) was highest at 65.00% 24h after administration, and the mortality rate of 16000 IU/mg of Bacillus thuringiensis and compound of formula I suspension (8%) was highest at 93.61% 72h after administration, showing higher activity; the mortality rate of pesticide mixed pair chilo suppressalis containing the compound shown in the formula I is not obviously different from the high dose of 5 percent of the compound shown in the formula I microemulsion under the condition of lower dosage.
TABLE 4 indoor Activity assay of different insecticides on Chilo suppressalis
Note: mortality (%) in the above table is the mean of each repetition, ± SE, with lower case letters representing a significant difference in 5% level.
Test of field drug effect
Example 4
Field experiment for preventing and controlling diamondback moth
Test work: cabbage, the variety is cabbage 'super Chunfeng 308';
test subjects: diamondback moth
The test is carried out in a cabbage planting base in the flatness city of Shandong province, the fertility of the test field is medium, and the cultivation conditions are consistent. The experiment was performed with a total of 6 treatments, 2 control treatments, 4 replicates, random alignment, and a cell area of 20m2. The experiment is carried out when the diamondback moth is 1-2 years old, the pesticide is applied for 1 time, and the water consumption is 750kg/hm2. The pesticide application apparatus is a WS-16D guard electric sprayer, the spray head is a single fan-shaped fog spray head, the working pressure is 0.15-0.4Mpa, and the dosage is accurately measured according to the dosage requirement of the pesticide and the area of a cell. When dispensing, firstly adding clean water with one third of actual water consumption into the sprayer, adding a little water into the small measuring cup to uniformly stir the medicament, pouring the medicament into the sprayer, and finally adding the rest water and uniformly mixing.
When the pesticide is applied, the control is sprayed firstly, and the spraying is carried out from low concentration to high concentration in sequence, and the constant spraying method is adopted, and the uniform spraying is carried out at a constant speed according to the calculated step speed. When different medicaments are replaced, the sprayer is cleaned for three times, and water in the spray rod is completely sprayed out.
The weather is good during the test period, and on the test medicine day, the daily average temperature is 22 ℃, the highest temperature is 28 ℃, the lowest temperature is 23 ℃ and the relative humidity is 70%.
The investigation method comprises the following steps: investigating population base number before reagent, investigating 40 leaves of each cell strain fixing tag, wherein the population number is not less than 200 before treatment; the number of live insects was investigated at 3d, 7d, and 14d after application.
The drug effect calculation method comprises the following steps: the drug effect is calculated according to formula (3) and formula (4):
during the test period, the cabbage in each treatment cell is observed to grow well, and no phytotoxicity is generated in each treatment.
The test results of the treatment agents for preventing and treating cabbage diamondback moth are as follows:
from the results of the field efficacy test (see table 5), 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound wettable powder (8%) of the test reagent, 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound suspending agent (5%), 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound microemulsion (6%), 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound wettable powder (5%), 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound suspending agent (8%) and 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound microemulsion (5%) all show higher control effect on diamond back moth, and the control effect of 3, 7 and 14d after the test reagent is significantly higher than that of 5% of compound microemulsion of formula I and 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder of the control reagent. The control effects of 7d, 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis and compound wettable powder (8%), 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis and compound suspending agent (5%) and 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis and compound microemulsion (5%) after the traditional Chinese medicine preparation are 86.61%, 85.53% and 84.78% respectively, and the difference between the control effects of the three preparation examples is not obvious. The control effect of each medicament is increased along with the increase of time, the control effect of 14d after the medicament is best at 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound wettable powder (8%), which is 89.67%, and then 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound suspending agent (5%) and 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound suspending agent (8%) are 88.59% and 88.10% respectively.
TABLE 5 field efficacy test of different insecticides on Plutella xylostella
Note: the control (%) in the table above is the mean of each repeat, ± SE, with lower case letters representing a significant difference in the 5% level.
Example 5
Field test for preventing and controlling beet noctuids
Test work: scallion of iron rod;
test subjects: beet armyworm
The test is carried out in a Zhuliangzhou welsh onion planting base in Qingzhou city, Shandong province, the fertility of the test field is moderate, and the cultivation conditions are consistent. The experiment was performed with a total of 6 treatments, 2 control treatments, 4 replicates, random alignment, and a cell area of 20m2. The test is carried out when the beet armyworms are 1-2 years old, and the application is carried out for 1 time. The pesticide application apparatus is a WS-16D guard electric sprayer, the spray head is a single fan-shaped fog spray head, the working pressure is 0.15-0.4Mpa, and the dosage is accurately measured according to the dosage requirement of the pesticide and the area of a cell. When dispensing, firstly adding clean water with one third of actual water consumption into the sprayer, adding a little water into the small measuring cup to uniformly stir the medicament, pouring the medicament into the sprayer, and finally adding the rest water and uniformly mixing.
When the pesticide is applied, the control is sprayed firstly, and the spraying is carried out from low concentration to high concentration in sequence, and the constant spraying method is adopted, and the uniform spraying is carried out at a constant speed according to the calculated step speed. When different medicaments are replaced, the sprayer is cleaned for three times, and water in the spray rod is completely sprayed out.
The weather is good during the test period, and on the test medicine day, the daily average temperature is 19 ℃, the highest temperature is 24 ℃, the lowest temperature is 22 ℃ and the relative humidity is 71%.
The investigation method comprises the following steps: investigating population base before reagent, investigating 30 plate plants per district, investigating average 2-3 beet armyworms per plant, and investigating the number of live insects at 3d, 7d and 14d after reagent application.
The drug effect calculation method comprises the following steps: the drug effect is calculated according to formula (3) and formula (4):
the growth of the scallion in each treatment cell is observed to be good in the test period, and no phytotoxicity is found in each treatment.
The results of the test of controlling beet armyworm by each treatment agent are as follows:
from the results of the field efficacy test (see table 6), 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I wettable powder (8%), 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I suspending agent (5%), 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I microemulsion (6%), 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I wettable powder (5%), 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I suspending agent (8%), 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I microemulsion (5%) all showed higher control effect against spodoptera exigua. And 3d after the pesticide is applied, under the condition of lower dosage, the control effect of the pesticide mixture containing the compound shown in the formula I on the spodoptera exigua and the high dosage of the 5 percent compound shown in the formula I microemulsion are not obviously different. 14 days after the drug administration, 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis and the compound wettable powder (8 percent) of the formula I, 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis and the compound suspending agent (8 percent) of the formula I, 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis and the microemulsion (5 percent) of the compound of the formula I have the best control effect on beet armyworms, wherein the control effects are 89.56 percent, 89.44 percent and 89.76 percent respectively, and the difference between the control effects of the microemulsion of the compound of the formula I and the microemulsion of the compound of the formula I of the control drug 5 percent and the single dose of the wettable powder of the bacillus thuringi.
TABLE 6 field test of efficacy of different insecticides on spodoptera exigua
Note: the control (%) in the table above is the mean of each repeat, ± SE, with lower case letters representing a significant difference in the 5% level.
Example 6
Chilo suppressalis prevention and control by field test
Test work: rice;
test subjects: chilo suppressalis;
the test is carried out in the paddy field of the blue village, the city of Jimo, Shandong province, the fertility of the test field is moderate, and the cultivation conditions are consistent. The experiment was performed with a total of 6 treatments, 2 control treatments, 4 replicates, random alignment, and a cell area of 20m2. The test is that the pesticide is applied for 1 time when the chilo suppressalis is 1-2 years old. The application instrument is a WS-16D guard electric sprayer, and the dosage is accurately measured according to the area of a cell. When dispensing, firstly adding clean water with one third of actual water consumption into the sprayer, adding a little water into the small measuring cup to uniformly stir the medicament, pouring the medicament into the sprayer, and finally adding the rest water and uniformly mixing.
When the pesticide is applied, the control is sprayed firstly, and the spraying is carried out from low concentration to high concentration in sequence, and the constant spraying method is adopted, and the uniform spraying is carried out at a constant speed according to the calculated step speed. When different medicaments are replaced, the sprayer is cleaned for three times, and water in the spray rod is completely sprayed out.
The weather is good during the test period, and on the test medicine day, the daily average temperature is 22 ℃, the highest temperature is 28 ℃, the lowest temperature is 23 ℃ and the relative humidity is 70%.
The investigation method comprises the following steps: and (3 d, 7d and 14d after application of the pesticide, surveying 5 rice plants at each point by adopting a five-point sampling method in each cell, wherein the total number of the rice plants in each cell is 25.
The drug effect calculation method comprises the following steps: the drug effect is calculated according to formula (3) and formula (4):
during the test period, the rice growth in each treatment cell is observed to be good, and no phytotoxicity is found in each treatment.
The test results of the treatment medicaments for preventing and treating chilo suppressalis are as follows:
from the results of the field efficacy test (see table 6), 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I wettable powder (8%), 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I suspending agent (5%), 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I microemulsion (6%), 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I wettable powder (5%), 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I suspending agent (8%), 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis-compound of formula I microemulsion (5%) all showed higher control effect against chilo suppressalis. 3d after the pesticide is applied, under the condition of lower dosage, the control effect of the pesticide mixture containing the compound shown in the formula I on the beet armyworm is not obviously different from the control effect of the microemulsion containing the compound shown in the formula I and the high dosage of 16000 IU/mg bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder.
14d after the pesticide, 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis and the compound of the formula I wettable powder (8%) have the best prevention effect on chilo suppressalis, wherein the prevention effect is 89.30%, 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis and the compound of the formula I suspending agent (5%), 8000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis and the compound of the formula I microemulsion (6%), 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis and the compound of the formula I suspending agent (8%), 16000 IU/mg of bacillus thuringiensis and the compound of the formula I microemulsion (5%) have prevention effects of 86.10%, 85.08%, 83.20% and 85.81% respectively. According to test results, the compound of the bacillus thuringiensis and the compound of the formula I has better prevention and treatment effect on the stem borers, and has low toxicity and low residue, and the phenomena of phytotoxicity generated by rice in each pesticide application treatment area and natural enemy insect killing are not seen.
TABLE 7 field test of pesticide effect of different insecticides on Chilo suppressalis
Note: the control (%) in the table above is the mean of each repeat, ± SE, with lower case letters representing a significant difference in the 5% level.
Through indoor activity determination and field tests, the insecticidal composition compounded by bacillus thuringiensis and the compound shown in the formula I shows good control effects on phytophagous pests such as plutella xylostella, beet armyworm and chilo suppressalis. The insecticidal composition or the preparation thereof obtained by compounding the insecticidal composition has obvious control effect, and is superior to a single preparation in the aspects of delaying the generation of drug resistance and prolonging the drug-holding property. And the compound pesticide is not found to cause phytotoxicity to crops in the test, which shows that the production cost and the use cost can be reduced and the crop safety can be realized under the condition that the insecticidal synergy of the obtained insecticidal composition or preparation is improved.
Claims (9)
1. An insecticidal composition containing a biogenic pesticide, which is characterized in that: comprises an active component A and an active component B, wherein the active component A is bacillus thuringiensis, and the active component B is a compound shown in a formula (I), and the structural formula is as follows:
2. an insecticidal composition according to claim 1, wherein the active ingredient a is present in the insecticidal composition in an amount of 800 IU/mg to 100000 IU/mg, preferably 4000 IU/mg to 50000 IU/mg.
3. The insecticidal composition according to claim 1, wherein the content of the active ingredient B in the insecticidal composition is 1 to 50 wt%, preferably 3 to 20 wt%.
4. An insecticidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an adjuvant selected from one or more of wetting agents, dispersing agents, emulsifiers, thickeners, disintegrants, antifreeze agents, antifoam agents, solvents, preservatives, stabilisers, synergists and carriers.
5. The formulation of the pesticidal composition according to claim 4, wherein the formulation is in a form selected from any one of a powder, a granule, a soluble powder, a soluble granule, a soluble tablet, a water dispersible granule, a wettable powder, a microcapsule granule, a powder, a water dispersible tablet, a microcapsule suspension, a dispersible agent, an emulsifiable concentrate, an aqueous emulsion, a microemulsion, a suspension, a suspoemulsion, a soluble agent;
preferably, the formulation is selected from any one of wettable powder, microemulsion and suspending agent.
6. Use of the pesticidal composition of any one of claims 1-4 and the formulation of claim 5 for controlling agricultural, forestry, phytophagous pests.
7. The use according to claim 6, wherein the phytophagous pest is a lepidopteran pest.
8. The use according to any one of claims 6 to 7, wherein the lepidopteran pest is a pest of the families Noctuidae, Yponomeutidae, Carposinidae, Tortricidae, Arctidae, Limacodeae, Pierdae, Plutella pluricidae, Pyroglitadae, Hespidae, Gelechiaceae, etc.; preferably, the pest is a larva.
9. The use according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the lepidopteran pest is a noctuidae, plutella xylostella, borer moth larvae;
preferably, the noctuidae family is Spodoptera exigua (Hubner), the Plutella family is Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus), and the pyralidae family is Chilo suppressalis (chilkero suppersalis (Walker)).
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