CN112034224A - Coupling detector - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a coupling detector, which comprises a coupling cavity and a wave detection cavity, wherein the coupling cavity is provided with a coupling cavity; a main conduction band is arranged on the dielectric substrate positioned on one side of the coupling cavity, a first coupling band and a second coupling band are arranged on two sides of the main conduction band, the first coupling band and the second coupling band form a coupling circuit, and the first coupling band is electrically connected with the detection circuit through an insulator; the radio frequency signal is input from a radio frequency input end of the main conduction band, and most of the radio frequency signal is output from a radio frequency output end of the main conduction band; the first coupling band and the second coupling band are respectively coupled from the main guide band to obtain coupling signals, the coupling signals of the first coupling band are input into the detection circuit, and the detection circuit carries out detection and then outputs a detection level; one end of the second coupling strip is grounded through the load resistor, the other end of the second coupling strip is connected with the coupling output port, and the coupling signal of the second coupling strip is output through the coupling output port. The coupling detector provided by the invention has the advantages of wide bandwidth, strong directivity and high bearing power, and overcomes the defects of the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave detection, and particularly relates to a coupling detector.
Background
In the field of microwave communication, a directional coupler detector is widely used as a directional power distribution detector, and is an important component for accurately detecting and calculating a radio frequency signal. The directional coupling detector mainly has the functions of completing forward coupling detection of an input signal and backward coupling detection of a reflected signal. The working bandwidth, insertion loss, power tolerance, directivity, standing wave and the like are important indexes of the directional coupling detector in application.
Most S, C frequency band coupling detectors commonly used in the prior art are of a dielectric strip line structure, and have the defects of narrow bandwidth, large insertion loss, poor directivity, limited bearing power and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention has been developed to provide a coupled detector that overcomes, or at least partially solves, the above-mentioned problems.
The coupling detector provided by the invention comprises a main cavity, wherein a medium substrate is arranged in the middle of the main cavity, a coupling circuit is arranged on one side of the medium substrate, a detection circuit is arranged on the other side of the medium substrate, the medium substrate and the upper and lower bottom plates of the main cavity respectively form two closed side cavities, the side cavity where the coupling circuit is located is a coupling cavity, and the side cavity where the detection circuit is located is a detection cavity;
a main conduction band is arranged on the dielectric substrate on one side of the coupling cavity, a first coupling band and a second coupling band are arranged on two sides of the main conduction band, the first coupling band and the second coupling band form the coupling circuit, and the first coupling band is electrically connected with the detection circuit through an insulator;
the radio frequency signal is input from the radio frequency input end of the main conduction band, and most of the radio frequency signal is output from the radio frequency output end of the main conduction band; the first coupling band and the second coupling band are respectively coupled from the main band to obtain coupled signals, wherein:
the coupling signal of the first coupling band is input into the detection circuit, and the detection circuit detects the coupling signal and outputs a detection level; one end of the second coupling strip is grounded through a load resistor, the other end of the second coupling strip is connected with a coupling output port, and the coupling signal of the second coupling strip is output through the coupling output port.
Optionally, in the above-mentioned coupled detector, the coupling cavity and the detection cavity are filled with an air medium, so that the coupling circuit forms an air strip line structure.
Optionally, in the above-mentioned coupling detector, the main band is located in the middle of the dielectric substrate, the first coupling band and the second coupling band are symmetrically arranged with respect to the main band, and edges of the main band, the first coupling band and the second coupling band are all saw-toothed.
Optionally, in the above coupling detector, horizontal distances between the first coupling band and the main conduction band and horizontal distances between the second coupling band and the main conduction band are respectively within a first preset range;
the vertical distances between the first coupling strip and the main conduction strip and the vertical distances between the second coupling strip and the main conduction strip are respectively in a second preset range;
the first preset range and the second preset range are determined according to the coupling degree and the coupling directivity.
Optionally, in the above-mentioned coupled detector, the first coupling band and the second coupling band each include a forward coupling band and a backward coupling band;
the horizontal spacing between the main conduction band and a reverse coupling band of the first coupling band and the second coupling band is larger than the horizontal spacing between the main conduction band and a forward coupling band of the first coupling band and the second coupling band.
Optionally, in the coupled detector, the detector circuit includes a forward detector circuit and a backward detector circuit, and the forward detector circuit and the backward detector circuit are spatially isolated by a metal rib;
one end of the first coupling band, which is provided with a forward coupling band, is connected with the forward detection circuit, and the forward detection circuit outputs a forward detection level through a first detection output port;
and one end of the first coupling band, which is provided with a reverse coupling band, is connected with the reverse detection circuit, and the reverse detection circuit outputs a reverse detection level through a second detection output port.
Optionally, in the above-described coupled detector, the forward detection circuit and the backward detection circuit have the same circuit structure, and both include: the pull-down resistor, the resistor pi-type attenuation circuit, the detection diode, the RC filter circuit, the divider resistor and the LC filter circuit are sequentially connected; wherein,
and the positive coupling signal and the negative coupling signal of the first coupling band are respectively subjected to current absorption through the pull-down resistor and port matching through the resistor pi-type attenuation circuit, then are input into the detection diode for detection, and are filtered through the RC filter circuit connected in parallel, are subjected to voltage division through the voltage division resistor, and then are correspondingly output with a positive detection level and a negative detection level through the LC filter circuit.
Optionally, in the above-described coupled detector, the first detection output port and the second detection output port are feedthrough capacitors.
Optionally, in the above-mentioned coupled detector, the radio frequency input end, the radio frequency output end, and the coupled output port are all radio frequency coaxial connectors.
Optionally, in the above coupled detector, the main conductive strip is made of a metal aluminum material with silver being uniformly plated, and the first coupling strip and the second coupling strip are made of a metal copper material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the coupling detector provided by the invention adopts a cavity-separating measure, namely, the coupling cavity is physically separated from the detection cavity, and the coupling circuit is connected with the detection circuit through the insulator, so that the mutual interference of the coupling cavity and the detection circuit is avoided, and the detection accuracy is improved; according to the invention, through the arrangement of the main conduction band and the two coupling bands, the coupling detector has the characteristics of wide bandwidth, strong directivity and high bearing power, and the defects of the prior art in the aspects are overcome; in addition, the radio-frequency signal, the coupling signal and the detection signal are respectively output through the main conduction band and the two coupling bands, so that the requirements under different conditions can be met, and the application range of the coupling detector is remarkably expanded.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a configuration of a coupled detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the interior of the coupling cavity of a coupled detector according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows an internal block diagram of the detection cavity of the coupling detector according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a pictorial view of a coupled geophone with an upper base plate in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a detection circuit of a coupled detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the input standing wave ratio test results of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows the insertion loss test results of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 shows the results of the coupling test according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The conception of the invention is as follows: in the coupling detector, indexes such as directivity, port standing wave, insertion loss, and power resistance of the coupling circuit are deteriorated with an increase in frequency, and the detection circuit is affected by spatial electromagnetic radiation. Therefore, two main problems are faced for the design of the directional coupler detector: firstly, high-performance coupling circuit design is carried out structurally; and secondly, designing a high-precision detection circuit. On one hand, the coupling detector has the advantages of wide working bandwidth, high directivity, high power resistance, small standing wave, simple structure, convenience in manufacturing and the like, can meet the high-precision calculation requirement of high-power radio-frequency signals, and is particularly suitable for 2GHz-6GHz frequency bands.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a configuration of a coupled detector according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the interior of the coupling cavity of a coupled detector according to one embodiment of the invention; FIG. 3 shows an internal block diagram of the detection cavity of the coupling detector according to one embodiment of the invention; FIG. 4 is a pictorial view of a coupled geophone with an upper base plate in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; please refer to fig. 1-4. The invention provides a coupling detector which comprises a main cavity body 4, wherein a medium substrate 3 is arranged in the middle of the main cavity body 4, a coupling circuit is arranged on one side of the medium substrate 3, a detection circuit is arranged on the other side of the medium substrate 3, the medium substrate 3 and an upper bottom plate 11 and a lower bottom plate 11 of the main cavity body 4 form two closed side cavity bodies respectively, the side cavity body where the coupling circuit is located is a coupling cavity, and the side cavity body where the detection circuit is located is a detection cavity; a main conduction band 1 is arranged on the dielectric substrate 3 positioned on one side of the coupling cavity, a first coupling band 2-1 and a second coupling band 2-2 are arranged on two sides of the main conduction band 1, the first coupling band 2-1 and the second coupling band 2-2 form a coupling circuit, and the first coupling band is electrically connected with a detection circuit 8 through an insulator 10; the radio frequency signal is input from a radio frequency input end (port 1) of the main conduction band 1, and most of the radio frequency signal is output from a radio frequency output end (port 2) of the main conduction band 1; the first coupling strip 2-1 and the second coupling strip 2-2 are coupled from the main strip to obtain coupling signals, wherein: the coupling signal of the first coupling band is input to the detection circuit, and the detection circuit detects the coupling signal and outputs a detection level; one end of the second coupling strip is grounded through a load resistor (not shown in the figure), wherein the load resistor can be a 50 ohm resistor; the other end of the second coupling strip is connected with the coupling output port, and the coupling signal of the second coupling strip is output through the coupling output port (port 3).
Specific Structure referring to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coupled detector assembly constructed by using three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software hfss (high Frequency Structure simulator) according to the present embodiment. The coupled detector includes: a main conduction band 1, two coupling bands (wherein 2-1 is the first coupling band, 2-2 is the second coupling band), a medium bottom plate 3, are full of air medium in the cavity, the modeling process is: modeling simulation is carried out, then the coupling detector component structure is optimally designed by combining the coupling index simulation result, and the simulation result of the HFSS (high frequency signal System, Advanced Design System) is imported into ADS software (S6P file) for coupling index simulation.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, which are a structure diagram of a coupling cavity, a structure diagram of a detection cavity, and a structure diagram of a top chassis, respectively, of the coupling detector of the present embodiment, it can be seen from the drawings that the coupling detector includes: the device comprises a main conduction band 1 and two coupling bands 2, wherein the coupling bands can be coupling microstrip lines, 2-1 is a first coupling band, 2-2 is a second coupling band, a medium bottom plate 3, a main cavity 4, a plastic cylinder supporting medium 6 for fixing a structure, a detection circuit 8, an insulator 10 and a cover plate 11. The input port of the main conduction band 1 is a radio frequency input port, namely port 1, and the output port of the main conduction band is a radio frequency output port, namely port 2; the output port of the second coupling strip is a coupling output port, namely port 3; the detection signal is output through a port 4 and a port 5 connected to the detection circuit, and in this embodiment, the port 4 is output at a forward detection level and the port 5 is output at a backward detection level.
The working principle of the coupling detector of the embodiment is as follows: at the working frequency, a radio frequency signal is input from a radio frequency input end (port 1) of the main conduction band 1, and most power is output from a radio frequency output end (port 2) of the main conduction band due to the coupling between the main conduction band and the coupling band. The second coupling strip couples out the forward signal and the reverse signal of the required amplitude from the main strip through weak coupling, wherein the forward signal is output from the coupling output port (port 3), and the reverse signal is absorbed by the resistance of the isolation terminal (namely, the grounding terminal). The first coupling band couples out a forward signal and a reverse signal of a desired amplitude from the main band by weak coupling, detects them by the detection circuit, and outputs them through the detection signal output ports (port 4 and port 5).
Therefore, the coupling detector shown in fig. 1 adopts a cavity-separating measure, namely, the coupling cavity is physically separated from the detection cavity, and the coupling circuit is connected with the detection circuit through the insulator, so that the mutual interference between the coupling cavity and the detection cavity is avoided, and the detection accuracy is improved; according to the invention, through the arrangement of the main conduction band and the two coupling bands, the coupling detector has the characteristics of wide bandwidth, strong directivity and high bearing power, and the defects of the prior art in the aspects are overcome; in addition, the radio-frequency signal, the coupling signal and the detection signal are respectively output through the main conduction band and the two coupling bands, the requirements under different conditions can be met, the application range of the coupling detector is remarkably expanded, and the performance of the coupling detector can meet the application requirements of corresponding microwave detection equipment.
In the coupling detector, the coupling cavity and the detection cavity are filled with air medium, so that the coupling circuit forms an air strip line structure.
In an embodiment of the invention, an air medium is preferably adopted as a coupling medium, and the coupling cavity and the detection cavity are filled with the air medium, so that the coupling circuit can form an air strip line structure, compared with other medium strip line structure coupling circuits, the coupling circuit has the characteristics of convenience in assembly, simplicity in manufacture and low manufacturing cost, and the coupling detector has a wider environmental application range and can adapt to an environmental range of-55-70 ℃ by utilizing the characteristic that the air medium has insignificant thermal expansion and cold contraction effects.
In the coupling detector, the main conduction band 1 is located in the middle of the dielectric substrate 3, the first coupling band 2-1 and the second coupling band 2-2 are symmetrically arranged relative to the main conduction band 1, and the edges of the main conduction band 1, the first coupling band 2-1 and the second coupling band 2-2 are all sawtooth-shaped.
Preferably, the main guide belt 1 can be arranged at the middle position of the medium substrate 3; three holes are formed in the main guide belt and used for inserting cylindrical plastic supporting materials, and referring to reference numeral 6 in fig. 2, flanges are correspondingly arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of each hole and used for pressing plastic materials, and the main guide belt is clamped.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the first coupling strip 2-1 and the second coupling strip 2-2 are symmetrically arranged relative to the main strip, and the edges of the main strip 1, the first coupling strip 2-1 and the second coupling strip 2-2 are all saw-toothed. The number and size of the saw teeth are set according to index parameters, and the design of the saw teeth is mainly to improve the coupling directivity.
In the coupling detector, the horizontal distances between the first coupling band 2-1 and the second coupling band 2-2 and the main guide band 1 are respectively in a first preset range; the vertical distances between the first coupling strip 2-1 and the second coupling strip 2-2 and the main guide strip 1 are respectively in a second preset range; the first preset range and the second preset range are determined according to the coupling degree and the coupling directivity.
The coupling mode between the main conduction band and the first coupling band and between the main conduction band and the second coupling band is weak coupling, and the coupling directivity can be obviously improved by setting the distance between the first coupling band and the second coupling band and the main conduction band and combining the design that the coupling bands increase the sawtooth-shaped structure.
In one embodiment of the invention, the first and second coupling strips 2-1 and 2-2 each comprise a forward coupling strip and a reverse coupling strip. According to the coupling degree and the directivity requirement, the forward coupling band and the backward coupling band have a certain horizontal distance and a certain vertical distance with the main conduction band 1, and the horizontal distance between the backward coupling band of the first coupling band 2-1 and the second coupling band 2-2 and the main conduction band 1 is larger than the horizontal distance between the forward coupling band of the first coupling band 2-1 and the second coupling band 2-2 and the main conduction band 1.
For example, referring to FIG. 2, the first coupled strip 2-1 may be divided into a forward coupled strip 2-1-1 and a backward coupled strip 2-1-2, wherein the horizontal spacing of the backward coupled strip 2-1-2 from the main strip 1 is greater than the horizontal spacing of the forward coupled strip 2-1-1 from the main strip 1.
In the invention, the forward coupling degree and the backward coupling degree are designed differentially, and particularly, the horizontal distance between the backward coupling band and the main conduction band is larger than that between the forward coupling band and the main conduction band, so that the coupling directivity can be further improved obviously.
In one embodiment of the invention, the detector circuit comprises a forward detector circuit and a reverse detector circuit, the forward detector circuit and the reverse detector circuit are spatially isolated by metal ribs; one end of the first coupling band, which is provided with a forward coupling band, is connected with a forward detection circuit, and the forward detection circuit outputs a forward detection level through a first detection output port; one end of the first coupling band, which is provided with the backward coupling band, is connected with a backward detection circuit, and the backward detection circuit outputs a backward detection level through a second detection output port.
In this embodiment, the first coupling band is provided with a forward coupling band and a backward coupling band, and can couple out signals in different directions from the main band, specifically, the forward coupling band couples out a forward coupling signal, and the backward coupling band couples out a backward coupling signal, both ends of the first coupling band are respectively connected to the forward detection circuit and the backward detection circuit, the coupled forward coupling signal and the coupled backward coupling signal are processed differently by the forward detection circuit and the backward detection circuit, specifically, the forward detection circuit performs forward detection on the forward coupling signal, the output result is a forward detection level, the backward detection circuit performs backward detection on the backward coupling signal, and the output result is a backward detection level.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the forward detection circuit and the backward detection circuit have the same circuit structure, and particularly, referring to fig. 5, both include: the pull-down resistor, the resistor pi-type attenuation circuit, the detection diode, the RC filter circuit, the divider resistor and the LC filter circuit are sequentially connected; the positive coupling signal and the negative coupling signal of the first coupling band are respectively subjected to current absorption through a pull-down resistor and port matching through a resistor pi-type attenuation circuit, then input into a detection diode for detection, filtered through a parallel RC filter circuit, subjected to voltage division through a voltage division resistor, and then output into a positive detection level and a negative detection level through an LC filter circuit.
The pull-down resistor comprises a first resistor R1, the first resistor can be 50 ohms, one end of the first resistor is respectively connected with the output end of the first coupling strip and the input end of the resistor pi-type attenuation circuit, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is grounded. The pull-down resistor is used for absorbing current, and in order to prevent an uncertain state of the signal line caused by suspension, an unexpected state of a system is caused.
The resistor pi-type attenuation circuit comprises a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected with one end of a pull-down resistor and one end of the third resistor R3 respectively, the other end of the second resistor R2 is grounded, the other end of the third resistor is connected with the input end of a detection diode V1 and one end of the fourth resistor R4 respectively, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded. The resistance pi type attenuation circuit plays a role of port matching, and can make the coupling signal output from the first coupling band more matched with the detection circuit.
The detector diode is used for extracting low-frequency signals or audio signals in high-frequency or intermediate-frequency radio signals by utilizing the unidirectional conductivity of the detector diode.
The RC filter circuit comprises a first capacitor C1, a second resistor R5, wherein one end of the first capacitor C1 is respectively connected with the output end of the pi-type detection diode and the input end of the divider resistor, the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with one end of a fifth resistor R5, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded, and the size of the fifth resistor R5 and the size of the fourth resistor R4 can be the same or different, and preferably the same.
The divider resistor comprises a sixth resistor R6, one end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the output end of the RC filter circuit, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the input end of the LC filter circuit.
The LC filter circuit comprises a second capacitor C2, a seventh resistor R7 and a choke coil L1, one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the output end of the voltage-dividing resistor R6, one end of the seventh resistor and one end of the choke coil, the other ends of the second capacitor C2 and the seventh resistor R7 are grounded, and the other end of the choke coil L1 is connected with the detection output port (namely the port 4 or the port 5).
The forward coupling signal or the reverse coupling signal of the first coupling band is output from the detection output port through the pull-down resistor, the resistor pi-type attenuation circuit, the detection diode V1, the RC filter circuit, the voltage division resistor and the LC filter circuit in sequence.
The invention designs a detection circuit with a resistance pi-type attenuation circuit, which adopts a detection diode to carry out detection, and further realizes high-precision detection by port matching processing and combining the filtering processing of an RC (resistance-capacitance) filter circuit and an LC (inductance-capacitance) filter circuit.
In the coupling detector, the first detection output port and the second detection output port are feedthrough capacitors; the radio frequency input end, the radio frequency output end and the coupling output port are radio frequency coaxial connectors.
In the above coupling detector, the rf input terminal (port 1), the rf output terminal (port 2) and the coupling output terminal (port 3) are all rf coaxial connectors. The radio frequency coaxial connector is an SMA (Small A tape) connector. The SMA connector is a typical microwave high-frequency connector, can realize low insertion loss of a port, and the insertion loss can be lower than 0.1dB, so that the low insertion loss is realized by adopting the SMA connectors for the main conduction band and the second coupling band, and the service life of the whole coupling detector is further prolonged.
In the coupling detector, the main guide belt is made of metal aluminum material uniformly plated with silver; the first coupling strip and the second coupling strip are made of metal copper materials, and specifically, the first coupling strip and the second coupling strip can both be in a microstrip line form coated with copper on a dielectric plate; and the medium bottom plate is tightly attached to the main cavity and is fixed in the structural cavity by screws. According to the invention, the uniform silver plating treatment is carried out on the metal strip of the main guide belt, so that the low standing wave transmission characteristic of the port of the coupling circuit is realized.
It should be noted that, the present invention does not limit the size, power, and other factors of the whole coupled detector and its internal components, and an embodiment is taken as a preferred solution here. Specifically, the main guide belt is made of a metal aluminum material, the surface of the main guide belt is uniformly plated with silver, the characteristic impedance in an operating frequency band is 50 omega, and the size of the main guide belt is 40mm multiplied by 3.5mm multiplied by 1 mm. In the embodiment, aiming at the power-tolerant characteristic of the coupling circuit, the power of the coupling detector is improved by adopting a large-size metal strip as a main conduction band for power transmission.
The medium base plate sets up in the position department of 1.4mm apart from the main cavity bottom surface, and the main conduction band sets up in the central point of medium base plate, and the recess size that the space between main conduction band and first coupling band and second coupling band formed is 3mm x 0.5mm x 1mm, and the both sides that the main conduction band corresponds to the forward coupling band of first coupling band and second coupling band and backward coupling band department are equipped with 7 sizes respectively and are 0.8mm x 0.05mm x 1 mm's sawtooth, and the recess size between adjacent sawtooth is 0.9mm x 0.05mm x 1 mm.
A central groove is formed between the positions of the main conduction band corresponding to the forward coupling band and the backward coupling band, a first side groove and a second side groove are respectively formed at the positions, close to the two ends, of the outermost sawtooth and the main conduction band, and the sizes of the first side groove and the second side groove are 4.2mm multiplied by 0.5mm multiplied by 1 mm.
Three round holes on the main guide belt are respectively positioned at the central positions of the central groove, the first side groove and the second side groove, the radius of the round holes is 1mm, the radius of the cylindrical plastic supporting material is 1mm and 3.8mm in height, the inner diameter of the lower flange of the main guide belt is 2mm, the outer diameter of the lower flange of the main guide belt is 4mm and 1.4mm in height, the inner diameter of the upper flange of the main guide belt is 2mm, the outer diameter of the upper flange of the main guide belt is 4mm, and the height of the upper.
The first coupling band and the second coupling band are equally divided into a forward coupling band and a backward coupling band, the characteristic impedance in the working frequency band of the first coupling band and the second coupling band is 50 omega, the first coupling band and the second coupling band are made of metal copper materials, the thickness of copper is 0.01mm, the first coupling band and the second coupling band are arranged on a dielectric substrate with the dielectric constant of 2.55, and the dielectric substrate is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene composite dielectric material. The sizes of the forward coupling band and the backward coupling band are 14.5mm multiplied by 1.5mm multiplied by 0.1mm, the horizontal distance between the forward coupling band and the main conduction band is 4.5mm, the vertical distance between the forward coupling band and the main conduction band is 0.9mm, the horizontal distance between the backward coupling band and the main conduction band is 6.5mm, and the vertical distance between the backward coupling band and the main conduction band is 0.9 mm.
The positive coupling band is provided with 14 saw teeth, the size of each saw tooth is 0.5mm multiplied by 0.5mm, the space between the teeth is 0.5mm, and the distance between the first saw tooth from the left and the corner of the microstrip line is also 0.5 mm. The back coupling band is provided with 12 saw teeth, the size of each saw tooth is 0.5mm multiplied by 1mm, the space between the teeth is 0.5mm, and the distance between the first saw tooth from the right and the corner of the microstrip line is also 0.5 mm.
The forward coupling strip and the backward coupling strip are connected by a 50 omega coupling strip. The coupling band is designed symmetrically. The ports on two sides of the first coupling band extend to the boundary of the medium substrate by respectively extending the coupling bands with the width of 1.5mm to be welded with resistors with the resistance values of 91 omega, 68 omega and 91 omega as a resistance pi-type attenuation circuit, one end of the second coupling band, which is provided with the forward coupling band, is connected with a coupling output port, the coupling output port is an SMA connector, one end of the second coupling band, which is provided with the reverse coupling band, is grounded and is used as an isolation end or a grounding end, and the resistors with the resistance value of 50 omega can be welded to realize impedance matching.
The main cavity body is a metal cavity and is fixed with the two metal cover plates through screws, the size of the integral structural part is 50mm multiplied by 40mm multiplied by 15mm, the size of the upper cover plate is 50mm multiplied by 40mm multiplied by 2.5mm, the size of the lower cover plate is 50mm multiplied by 40mm multiplied by 1.5mm, and the size of the coupling cavity body is 40mm multiplied by 30mm multiplied by 3.8 mm; the two detection circuits have the same structure and are arranged in a cavity on the reverse side of the coupling cavity, namely a detection cavity, the size of the detection cavity is 30mm multiplied by 18mm, and the depth of the cavity is 4 mm.
The forward detection circuit and the reverse detection circuit in the detection cavity are spatially isolated through a middle metal rib structure, the metal rib structure is favorable for supporting, and fixing screws in metal ribs are favorable for strengthening the whole structure. The main cavity body and apron, detection circuit printed board and the main cavity body, medium bottom plate and the main cavity body etc. of metal material in this embodiment all adopt the fix with screw to set up metal muscle structure etc. between cylinder plastics supporting medium, kneck cylinder plastics medium, two detection circuits of cooperation main conduction band department, make overall structure more firm, promoted the stability of subassembly.
Fig. 6 to 8 show the detection results of the detection by the coupling detector of the present invention having the above-described specific configuration. Specifically, FIG. 6 shows the input standing wave ratio test results of one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 shows the insertion loss test results of one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 8 shows the results of the coupling test according to one embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from fig. 6-8, the input standing wave ratio can be lower than 1.145 by using the coupling detector of the present invention to detect; the component insertion loss is lower than 0.1 dB; the coupling directivity is greater than 20 dB.
In conclusion, the coupling detector provided by the invention adopts a cavity separation measure, namely, the coupling cavity is physically separated from the detection cavity, and the coupling circuit is connected with the detection circuit through the insulator, so that the mutual interference of the coupling cavity and the detection cavity is avoided, and the detection accuracy is improved; according to the invention, through the arrangement of the main conduction band and the two coupling bands, the coupling detector has the characteristics of wide bandwidth, strong directivity and high bearing power, and the defects of the prior art in the aspects are overcome; in addition, the radio-frequency signal, the coupling signal and the detection signal are respectively output through the main conduction band and the two coupling bands, so that the requirements under different conditions can be met, and the application range of the coupling detector is remarkably expanded.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other modifications and variations of the present invention may be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing detailed description is for the purpose of better explaining the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering. These words may be interpreted as names.
Claims (10)
1. A coupling detector is characterized by comprising a main cavity, a medium substrate is arranged in the middle of the main cavity, a coupling circuit is arranged on one side of the medium substrate, a detection circuit is arranged on the other side of the medium substrate, the medium substrate and the upper and lower bottom plates of the main cavity form two closed side cavities respectively, the side cavity where the coupling circuit is located is a coupling cavity, and the side cavity where the detection circuit is located is a detection cavity;
a main conduction band is arranged on the dielectric substrate on one side of the coupling cavity, a first coupling band and a second coupling band are arranged on two sides of the main conduction band, the first coupling band and the second coupling band form the coupling circuit, and the first coupling band is electrically connected with the detection circuit through an insulator;
the radio frequency signal is input from the radio frequency input end of the main conduction band, and most of the radio frequency signal is output from the radio frequency output end of the main conduction band; the first coupling band and the second coupling band are respectively coupled from the main band to obtain coupled signals, wherein:
the coupling signal of the first coupling band is input into the detection circuit, and the detection circuit detects the coupling signal and outputs a detection level; one end of the second coupling strip is grounded through a load resistor, the other end of the second coupling strip is connected with a coupling output port, and the coupling signal of the second coupling strip is output through the coupling output port.
2. The coupled detector of claim 1, wherein the coupling cavity and the detection cavity are filled with an air medium, so that the coupling circuit forms an air stripline structure.
3. The coupler pickup of claim 1, wherein the main conduction band is located at a middle position of the dielectric substrate, the first coupling band and the second coupling band are symmetrically arranged relative to the main conduction band, and edges of the main conduction band, the first coupling band and the second coupling band are all saw-toothed.
4. The coupler pickup of claim 3, wherein the horizontal spacings of the first and second coupling strips from the main conduction strip are each within a first predetermined range;
the vertical distances between the first coupling strip and the main conduction strip and the vertical distances between the second coupling strip and the main conduction strip are respectively in a second preset range;
the first preset range and the second preset range are determined according to the coupling degree and the coupling directivity.
5. The coupled detector of claim 3, wherein the first and second coupling strips each comprise a forward coupling strip and a reverse coupling strip;
the horizontal spacing between the main conduction band and a reverse coupling band of the first coupling band and the second coupling band is larger than the horizontal spacing between the main conduction band and a forward coupling band of the first coupling band and the second coupling band.
6. The coupled detector of claim 5, wherein the detection circuit comprises a forward detection circuit and a backward detection circuit, the forward detection circuit and the backward detection circuit being spatially separated by a metal rib;
one end of the first coupling band, which is provided with a forward coupling band, is connected with the forward detection circuit, and the forward detection circuit outputs a forward detection level through a first detection output port;
and one end of the first coupling band, which is provided with a reverse coupling band, is connected with the reverse detection circuit, and the reverse detection circuit outputs a reverse detection level through a second detection output port.
7. The coupled detector of claim 6, wherein the forward detection circuit and the backward detection circuit have the same circuit structure and each comprise: the pull-down resistor, the resistor pi-type attenuation circuit, the detection diode, the RC filter circuit, the divider resistor and the LC filter circuit are sequentially connected; wherein,
and the positive coupling signal and the negative coupling signal of the first coupling band are respectively subjected to current absorption through the pull-down resistor and port matching through the resistor pi-type attenuation circuit, then are input into the detection diode for detection, and are filtered through the RC filter circuit connected in parallel, are subjected to voltage division through the voltage division resistor, and then are correspondingly output with a positive detection level and a negative detection level through the LC filter circuit.
8. The coupling detector of claim 6, wherein said first detection output port and said second detection output port are feedthrough capacitors.
9. The coupled detector of claim 1, wherein the rf input, the rf output, and the coupled output are rf coaxial connectors.
10. The coupled detector of claim 1, wherein the main conductive strip is made of a metallic aluminum material with uniform silver plating, and the first and second coupling strips are made of a metallic copper material.
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| CN113381701A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-10 | 上海航天测控通信研究所 | Microwave solid-state power amplifier |
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