CN112031884A - Heat pump type electricity storage system based on Brayton cycle - Google Patents
Heat pump type electricity storage system based on Brayton cycle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112031884A CN112031884A CN202010846519.7A CN202010846519A CN112031884A CN 112031884 A CN112031884 A CN 112031884A CN 202010846519 A CN202010846519 A CN 202010846519A CN 112031884 A CN112031884 A CN 112031884A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B23/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01B23/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
- F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Abstract
A brayton cycle based heat pump electrical storage system comprising: the generator that links to each other in proper order, at least a set of compressor and expander, pile up the heat storage tank that bed energy storage mechanism links to each other with the compressor and the cold storage tank that links to each other with the expander and respectively with the compressor as the phase transition and pile up the inside heat exchanger that bed energy storage mechanism links to each other with the expander, this system is through using the phase transition energy storage technique in the energy storage tank, and improve the device structure of system, add the backheat process, can realize reinforcing electric wire netting flexibility, when balanced power consumption load, compact structure has, energy storage efficiency is high, do not receive the advantage of geographical and geological conditions restriction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology in the field of power grid control, in particular to a heat pump type electricity storage system based on a Brayton cycle.
Background
In order to meet the current huge energy demand, enhance the flexibility of the power grid, solve the balance problem of the power capacity, promote the adjustment of the energy structure, and develop a low-cost large-scale electricity storage technology. The electricity storage technology is to convert electric energy into energy in other forms, store the energy and convert the energy into electric energy for utilization when needed. The electricity storage technology can better control and adjust the problem of mismatching between power supply and demand, adjust the power generation frequency in time and carry out peak shaving, improve the safety of a power grid, and is favorable for the development of distributed energy.
The existing large-scale electricity storage technology mainly comprises a pumped storage technology and a compressed air energy storage technology, and is simple in structure, mature in technology, low in cost and large in energy storage capacity, so that the large-scale electricity storage technology is widely used. However, the construction period is long, the environment around the power station is greatly influenced, and the further development of the power station is hindered by the limitation of geographical and geological conditions. The heat pump type electricity storage system can make up for the defects and shortcomings of the electricity storage technology and meet the requirement of large-scale low-cost electricity storage. The heat pump electricity storage system performs compression and expansion processes on working fluid through forward thermodynamic cycle, converts electric energy into heat energy and cold energy of an energy storage medium for storage, and applies work through the working fluid through reverse thermodynamic cycle to convert the heat energy and the cold energy into electric energy when needed. The system mainly comprises a compressor, an expander, two energy storage tanks (a heat storage tank and a cold storage tank respectively) and a set of closed loops which connect all the devices and are filled with working fluid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a heat pump type electricity storage system based on Brayton cycle, aiming at the defects that the existing heat pump type electricity storage system based on Brayton cycle is simple in structure, but the energy storage medium of the heat pump type electricity storage system mostly adopts sensible heat storage materials, so that the heat pump type electricity storage system has low energy storage density and efficiency, has large energy loss and limits the heat pump type electricity storage system to be used for large-scale electricity storage, and the heat pump type electricity storage system based on Brayton cycle has the advantages of compact structure, high energy storage density and no geographical and geological conditions restriction while enhancing the flexibility of a power grid and balancing the electricity load by applying a phase change energy storage technology in an energy storage tank and improving the device structure of the system and adding.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a heat pump type electricity storage system based on a Brayton cycle, which comprises: consecutive motor/generator, at least a set of compressor and expander, pile up the heat storage tank that the bed energy storage mechanism links to each other with the compressor and the heat storage tank that links to each other with the expander as the phase transition and pile up the inside heat exchanger that the bed energy storage mechanism links to each other with compressor, expander and phase transition respectively, wherein: the compressor is driven by the motor in the charging process, the motor recovers part of mechanical energy from the expansion machine to be used for compressing working media and obtaining high-temperature and high-pressure working media while taking an external power grid as an electric energy source in the charging process, further the heat energy is stored in the heat storage tank, the working media are changed into low temperature and low pressure through expansion work of the expansion machine, and further the cold energy is stored in the cold storage tank; in the discharging process, a normal-temperature normal-pressure working medium enters the cold storage tank, releases heat and is converted into a low-temperature low-pressure working medium, the low-temperature low-pressure working medium enters the compressor, is compressed into a normal-temperature high-pressure state, enters the heat storage tank, absorbs heat to become a high-temperature high-pressure working medium, enters the expansion machine, and applies work to the outside, and the energy output by the expansion machine drives the compressor and the generator to.
The inside heat exchanger, to heat storage tank and the working fluid that has the great difference in temperature with ambient temperature in the exit of cold storage tank carry out heat exchange, will give the working fluid heat transfer who flows from the heat storage tank to the working fluid who flows from the cold storage tank, reduce the energy loss that causes in directly releasing the environment with this part energy in order to realize backheating.
Preferably, external heat exchangers are respectively arranged between the internal heat exchanger and the compressor and between the internal heat exchanger and the expander, and are used for discharging redundant heat generated in an irreversible process, maintaining the temperature stability of working fluid at inlets of the compressor and the expander, reducing the requirements and the loss of the compressor and the expander, and maintaining the stability of a system.
Preferably, the inlets of the compressor and the expander are provided with pipelines and valves connected with a gas buffer chamber for temporarily storing working fluid under the control of the valves so as to provide stable pressure and flow of the working fluid for the energy storage tank. Meanwhile, certain pressure loss exists in the heat exchange process carried out in the energy storage tank and the heat exchanger, the quality of working fluid in the heat storage tank and the cold storage tank can be balanced by adjusting the pressure in the loop through the gas buffer chamber and the valve, the inlet pressure and the operation stability of the compressor and the expansion machine are maintained, and the instability of a system caused by the change of inlet parameters is reduced.
The heat storage tank and the cold storage tank adopt a cylindrical tank body, the outermost layer is wrapped by the heat insulation material, the thickness of the heat insulation material is 10-20 cm, the heat storage tank and the cold storage tank are internally provided with an accumulation bed structure, a certain number of pressure sensors and temperature sensors and a supporting net are arranged at certain intervals, and the effects of fixing phase change energy storage capsules and controlling the porosity of the tank body are achieved.
The top and the bottom of the heat storage tank and the cold storage tank are respectively provided with a diffuser, so that working fluid uniformly flows into a porous area of the energy storage tank to keep the stability of flow and heat exchange, and the diameter D of a connecting pipe of the diffusers is 0.05D; the energy storage medium in the tank is a spherical phase change energy storage capsule formed by wrapping a phase change energy storage material with a heat-resistant material.
The spherical phase change energy storage capsule comprises: a spherical shell and a cold/heat storage medium arranged in the spherical shell.
The thickness of the spherical shell is 1-3 mm, the phase change capsules are sequentially arranged and stacked to form a multi-cavity accumulation structure in the energy storage tank, and the porosity is preferably 0.6 according to the diameter change of the phase change capsules; the appropriate cold storage and heat storage medium can be selected according to the capacity and temperature of the system.
The energy storage medium in the heat storage tank adopts an inorganic salt material with the phase change temperature of 100-300 ℃, and the material is prepared by the following steps: ZnCl2、NaNO3、BaCO3、KNO3、NaCl、KNO3Mixtures of/KCl or mixtures of chloride salts (MgCl)2/KCl/NaCl)；
The phase transition temperature of the energy storage medium in the cold storage tank is-50-10 ℃, and the method is not limited to the adoption of: 30.5 wt.% of CaCl2Eutectic water salt solution, 30.5 wt.% Al (NO)3)3+H2O eutectic water salt solution, 22.4 wt.% NaCl + H2O eutectic water salt solution, 23.3 wt.% NaCl eutectic water salt solution.
The working fluid, that is, the working fluid that exchanges heat and does work in the whole system cycle, is air, argon, nitrogen, helium, but not limited thereto.
The working temperature of the heat storage tank is 300-800K (the highest working temperature is not more than 800K), and the working temperature of the cold storage tank is 100-300K (the lowest working temperature is not less than 100K).
The compressor and the expander are preferably reversible reciprocating compressors and expanders, and the compression ratio is 5-10.
The invention relates to a heat exchange method of the system, which comprises a charging process of supplying surplus electric energy to a motor to drive a compressor and a discharging process of converting working fluid into electric energy by a generator to supplement the shortage of the electric energy during the peak time of electricity consumption, wherein the charging process comprises the following steps:
the charging process is as follows: after the working fluid with the ambient temperature and pressure is compressed into a high-temperature high-pressure state, the working fluid enters the heat storage tank to release heat to a phase-change heat storage medium in the heat storage tank, flows out of the heat storage tank after heat exchange is completed, and is converted into gas with high pressure and normal temperature, and the working fluid has a large temperature difference with the temperature still higher than the ambient temperature, enters the internal heat exchanger to be cooled, and is completely cooled to the ambient temperature through the external heat exchanger; the high-pressure working fluid enters the expansion machine, and after the expansion is in a state of normal pressure and low temperature, the high-pressure working fluid enters the cold storage tank to absorb the heat of the medium in the cold storage tank, so that the storage of cold energy in the cold storage tank is completed; the working fluid which is recovered to normal temperature and normal pressure flows out of the cold storage tank, the temperature of the working fluid is still lower than the ambient temperature at the moment, the working fluid enters the internal heat exchanger to be heated, and then the working fluid is recovered to the ambient temperature and pressure through the external heat exchanger, so that the energy storage cycle process is completed.
The discharge process is as follows: working fluid with ambient temperature and pressure firstly enters the heat exchanger to reduce the heat transfer temperature difference of the cold absorbed by the fluid, then enters the cold storage tank to release heat to the phase change energy storage medium in the tank, and then flows out of the cold storage tank in a low temperature state; then the working fluid enters a compressor to be compressed into a high-pressure normal-temperature state, the temperature of the working fluid is lower than the ambient temperature, the working fluid enters an external heat exchanger to recover to the ambient temperature, and the temperature difference in the heat exchange process is reduced; then enters the heat storage tank to absorb the heat of the heat storage medium, and when the working fluid flows out of the heat storage tank, the working fluid is in a high-temperature and high-pressure state; and the working fluid is converted into electric energy by the generator to supplement the insufficient electric energy during the peak time of power utilization, and a discharge cycle process is completed.
Technical effects
The invention integrally solves the problems that the existing heat pump type electricity storage system based on the Brayton cycle has a simple structure, but the energy storage medium of the heat pump type electricity storage system mostly adopts a sensible heat storage material, so that the energy storage density and efficiency are low, the energy loss is large, and the heat pump type electricity storage system is limited to be used for large-scale electricity storage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention reduces energy loss by applying the phase change energy storage technology in the energy storage tank, improving the device structure of the system and adding the heat regeneration process, can store more energy in a limited volume and has more compact structure;
the invention adjusts the pressure and flow of the working fluid of the system through the gas buffer chamber and the heat exchanger, compensates the pressure loss caused by the heat exchange process, reduces the fluctuation of the pressure and temperature at each part of the system, and improves the stability of the system in the operation process.
The invention reduces the temperature difference when the system exchanges heat to the environment by adding the heat return process of the internal heat exchanger, and reduces the energy loss of the part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a charging process of a system apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the discharge process of the system apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the energy storage tank of the present invention;
in the figure: a motor/generator D1, a compressor D2, a gas buffer chamber D3, a flow meter D4, a heat storage tank D5, an internal heat exchanger D6, a first external heat exchanger D7, an expander D8, a heat storage tank D9, and a second external heat exchanger D10.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment relates to a heat pump type electricity storage system based on brayton cycle, which specifically includes:
the present embodiment relates to the operation of the system, including the charging process and the discharging process.
As shown in fig. 1, the motor D1 drives the compressor D2 during the charging process, and compresses the working fluid, which is initially at the ambient temperature and pressure at 1, into a high-temperature and high-pressure state. Through the flow in the valve control loop of the buffer chamber, the working fluid with high temperature and high pressure at the position 2 enters the heat storage tank D5 to release heat to the phase change heat storage medium in the heat storage tank, and the flow is detected through the flow meter D4. After the heat exchange is finished, the working fluid flows out of the heat storage tank and is converted into gas at high pressure and normal temperature, the temperature of the working fluid is higher than the ambient temperature, a large temperature difference exists, the working fluid enters the internal heat exchanger D6 to be cooled, and the working fluid is completely cooled to the ambient temperature through the external heat exchanger. The high-pressure working fluid enters the expander D8, and enters the cold storage tank D9 to absorb the heat of the medium in the cold storage tank after being expanded to be in a state of normal pressure and low temperature, namely, the cold energy of the working fluid is stored. The working fluid which is recovered to normal temperature and normal pressure flows out of the cold storage tank, the temperature of the working fluid is still lower than the ambient temperature at the moment, the working fluid enters the heat exchanger D6 to absorb a part of heat, and then the working fluid is recovered to the initial state at the position 1 through the external heat exchanger, so that the energy storage cycle process is completed once.
As shown in fig. 2, in the discharging process, the working fluid with the initial state of ambient temperature and pressure enters the cold storage tank D9, releases heat to the phase change energy storage medium in the tank, absorbs the cold of the energy storage medium, and flows out of the cold storage tank in the low temperature state. Then the working fluid enters an expansion machine D8 to be compressed into a high-pressure normal-temperature state, the temperature of the working fluid at the moment is lower than the ambient temperature, the working fluid enters an external heat exchanger to recover to the ambient temperature, and the temperature difference in the heat exchange process is reduced. And then enters the heat storage tank D5 to absorb the heat of the heat storage medium, and when the working fluid flows out of the heat storage tank, the working fluid is in a high-temperature and high-pressure state. The working fluid enters the expansion machine D2 to do work, and finally the working fluid is converted into electric energy through the generator D1 to complete a discharge cycle process.
In the charging process shown in fig. 1, if the working fluid after heat exchange at the 1 and 4 positions generates certain pressure loss and flow change and the total mass of the working fluid in the heat storage tank and the cold storage tank is unbalanced, the working fluid is automatically adjusted through the buffer chamber and the valve; the discharge process of fig. 2 is the same as described above.
When the compression ratio of the device is 7-10 and the isentropic efficiency is 0.8-0.95, the cycle efficiency of the heat pump electricity storage system containing the phase change process is 22.7-78.5 percent, and the power density is 59.0-200.8 kW/m3。
Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that the fire efficiency and the energy storage density are obviously improved, and under the same operation condition, the energy storage density is 65.7-88.8 kWh/m from the state without the phase change process3The phase transformation process is increased to 179.7 to 233.3kWh/m3And the efficiency of each part of the system for ignition is also improved to over 60 percent.
The foregoing embodiments may be modified in many different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (8)
1. A brayton cycle based heat pump electricity storage system comprising: consecutive motor/generator, at least a set of compressor and expander, pile up the heat storage tank that the bed energy storage mechanism links to each other with the compressor and the heat storage tank that links to each other with the expander as the phase transition and pile up the inside heat exchanger that the bed energy storage mechanism links to each other with compressor, expander and phase transition respectively, wherein: the compressor is driven by the motor in the charging process, the motor recovers part of mechanical energy from the expansion machine to be used for compressing working media and obtaining high-temperature and high-pressure working media while taking an external power grid as an electric energy source in the charging process, further the heat energy is stored in the heat storage tank, the working media are changed into low temperature and low pressure through expansion work of the expansion machine, and further the cold energy is stored in the cold storage tank; in the discharging process, a normal-temperature normal-pressure working medium enters the cold storage tank, releases heat and is converted into a low-temperature low-pressure working medium, enters the compressor, is compressed into a normal-temperature high-pressure state, enters the heat storage tank, absorbs heat to become a high-temperature high-pressure working medium, enters the expansion machine, and does work outwards, and the compressor and the generator are driven by energy output by the expansion machine respectively to generate electricity;
the internal heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat of working fluid at the outlets of the heat storage tank and the cold storage tank, which has a larger temperature difference with the ambient temperature, transferring the heat of the working fluid flowing out of the heat storage tank to the working fluid flowing out of the cold storage tank, and reducing energy loss caused by directly releasing the energy into the environment so as to realize heat regeneration;
the energy storage media in the heat storage tank and the cold storage tank are spherical phase change energy storage capsules formed by wrapping phase change energy storage materials with heat-resistant materials.
2. A brayton cycle-based heat pump electricity storage system in accordance with claim 1, wherein said spherical phase change energy storage capsule comprises: the spherical shell and the phase-change cold/heat storage medium arranged in the spherical shell;
the thickness of the spherical shell is 1-3 mm, the phase change capsules are sequentially arranged and stacked to form a porous accumulation structure in the energy storage tank, and the porosity is changed according to the diameter of the phase change capsules.
3. A heat pump type electricity storage system based on Brayton cycle of claim 1, wherein the heat storage tank and the cold storage tank are cylindrical tanks, the outermost layer is wrapped by thermal insulation material with a thickness of 10-20 cm, and the inside is of a stacked bed structure and provided with pressure and temperature sensors and a support net.
4. A heat pump type electricity storage system based on Brayton cycle of claim 1, wherein the energy storage medium in the heat storage tank is ZnCl with a phase transition temperature of 100-300 ℃2、NaNO3、BaCO3、KNO3、NaCl、KNO3Mixtures of/KCl or mixtures of chloride salts (MgCl)2/KCl/NaCl)；
The phase transition temperature of the energy storage medium in the cold storage tank is 30.5 wt.% of CaCl at-50-10 DEG C2Eutectic water salt solution, 30.5 wt.% Al (NO)3)3+H2O eutectic water salt solution, 22.4 wt.% NaCl + H2O eutectic water salt solution, 23.3 wt.% NaCl eutectic water salt solution.
5. A Brayton cycle-based heat pump electricity storage system according to claim 1, wherein said compressors and expanders are reversible reciprocating compressors and expanders, and the compression ratio is 5 to 10.
6. A brayton cycle based heat pump electricity storage system in accordance with claim 1, wherein external heat exchangers are provided between said internal heat exchanger and said compressor and between said internal heat exchanger and said expander, respectively, for removing excess heat generated by the irreversible process, maintaining the temperature of the working fluid at the inlet of said compressor and said expander stable, reducing the demand and the loss of said compressor and said expander, and maintaining the stability of said system.
7. A heat pump type electricity storage system based on Brayton cycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inlet of the compressor and the expander is provided with a pipe and a valve connected to a gas buffer chamber for controlling temporary storage of working fluid by the valve to provide stable pressure and flow of working fluid for the energy storage tank, and the heat exchange process performed in the energy storage tank and the heat exchanger has a certain pressure loss, so that the pressure in the gas buffer chamber and the valve can be adjusted to balance the quality of the working fluid in the heat storage tank and the cold storage tank, maintain the inlet pressure and the operation stability of the compressor and the expander, and reduce the system instability caused by the inlet parameter variation.
8. A heat exchange method for a brayton cycle based heat pump electricity storage system according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a charging process of supplying a motor to drive a compressor with surplus electric energy and a discharging process of converting working fluid into electric energy by a generator to supplement the shortage of electric energy during peak power consumption, wherein:
the charging process is as follows: after the working fluid with the ambient temperature and pressure is compressed into a high-temperature high-pressure state, the working fluid enters the heat storage tank to release heat to a phase-change heat storage medium in the heat storage tank, flows out of the heat storage tank after heat exchange is completed, and is converted into gas with high pressure and normal temperature, and the working fluid has a large temperature difference with the temperature still higher than the ambient temperature, enters the internal heat exchanger to be cooled, and is completely cooled to the ambient temperature through the external heat exchanger; the high-pressure working fluid enters the expansion machine, and after the expansion is in a state of normal pressure and low temperature, the high-pressure working fluid enters the cold storage tank to absorb the heat of the medium in the cold storage tank, so that the storage of cold energy in the cold storage tank is completed; the working fluid which is recovered to normal temperature and normal pressure flows out of the cold storage tank, the temperature of the working fluid is still lower than the ambient temperature at the moment, the working fluid enters the internal heat exchanger for heating, and then the working fluid is recovered to the ambient temperature and pressure through the external heat exchanger, so that an energy storage cycle process is completed;
the discharge process is as follows: working fluid with ambient temperature and pressure firstly enters the cold storage tank, releases heat to a phase change energy storage medium in the tank, and flows out of the cold storage tank after being converted into a low temperature state; then the working fluid enters a compressor to be compressed into a high-pressure normal-temperature state, the temperature of the working fluid is lower than the ambient temperature, the working fluid enters an external heat exchanger to recover to the ambient temperature, and the temperature difference in the heat exchange process is reduced; then enters the heat storage tank to absorb the heat of the heat storage medium, and when the working fluid flows out of the heat storage tank, the working fluid is in a high-temperature and high-pressure state; and the working fluid is converted into electric energy by the generator to supplement the insufficient electric energy during the peak time of power utilization, and a discharge cycle process is completed.
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| CN112484330A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-12 | 河南新飞制冷器具有限公司 | Brayton refrigeration cycle low-temperature box |
| CN112943392A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-06-11 | 上海交通大学 | Electric storage method of energy storage system based on high-temperature heat transfer pump and organic Rankine cycle |
| CN113417709A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-21 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Liquid air energy storage method and system coupled with high-temperature heat pump circulation |
| CN113465226A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-10-01 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Heat pump type energy storage power supply method and device |
| CN114221360A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-22 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Energy storage method of regenerative heat pump and regenerative heat pump energy storage system |
| CN115881320A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-31 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | High-density phase-change heat storage system for buffering energy storage |
| CN117537580A (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2024-02-09 | 广东埃力生科技股份有限公司 | Supercritical fluid drying device and gel drying method |
| CN117537580B (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2024-04-26 | 广东埃力生科技股份有限公司 | Supercritical fluid drying device and gel drying method |
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