CN112024448A - Method for detecting cigarette mouth building foreign matter based on machine vision - Google Patents
Method for detecting cigarette mouth building foreign matter based on machine vision Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
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- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of cigarette quality detection methods, and discloses a method for detecting a cigarette mouth building foreign matter based on machine vision.A transposition module is adopted to enable the outer surfaces of all angles of a cigarette to be presented to an image collector, and the cigarette is dynamically transmitted; qualified cigarettes pass through the transposition module smoothly, unqualified cigarettes are ejected out for rejection by positive pressure generated by the adsorption column, and the method is particularly suitable for large-scale detection of a large number of cigarettes; the image processor collects images of cigarettes to be detected on the transposition module, the foreign matter and the cigarette opening are synchronously detected in the adopted mode, if the position of the foreign matter is coincident with the position of the cigarette opening, the foreign matter is removed from the cigarette opening by using the airflow ejector, whether the foreign matter still exists is identified for the second time, the technical scheme can accurately identify the defective or unqualified cigarettes, and unnecessary consumption is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of cigarette quality detection methods, and relates to a method for detecting cigarette mouth building foreign matters based on machine vision.
Background
In the production process of the current cigarette making machine, tobacco shreds enter a rolling connection part from a tobacco shred supply part, and are rolled into a long rod shape in a gluing and pasting mode after being pressed into cigarette paper through a mechanical structure, wherein the overlapping and pasting part of the cigarette paper is a lap joint. In the rolling and forming process, due to the influence of various factors such as sealing and the like, at the time of glue supply and adhesion, partial tobacco powder is adhered to the lap to form defective cigarettes, the defects are also divided into two types, one type is that the tobacco powder is simply adhered to the surface of the lap, the possibility of falling off is also existed in subsequent processing, the other type is that one part of the tobacco powder is embedded into the inner side of the cigarette paper and is exposed out of the lap, the defect enables the tobacco powder not to fall off from the lap, and only the cigarettes can be removed; in addition, when the tobacco powder is adsorbed at a non-overlapping position on the surface of a cigarette, the tobacco powder can naturally fall off in the subsequent processes of conveying, packaging and the like, so that the defective cigarette is not in a common meaning and does not need to be specially treated. If the cigarettes with the lapping defects and the cigarettes with the non-defects cannot be accurately distinguished, the cigarettes with the non-defects can be mistakenly rejected and unnecessary consumption is caused, or the cigarettes with the lapping defects flow into the consumption market to influence the reputation of products. Therefore, in order to improve the product quality, it is necessary to detect such defects.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for detecting the foreign matters on the cigarette lap based on machine vision, which can quickly and automatically detect a large number of cigarettes and eliminate the cigarettes with foreign matters on the lap, and adopts the following technical scheme in order to realize the aim:
a method for detecting cigarette lap foreign bodies based on machine vision comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the transposition module dynamically adjusts the angle of the acquired image of the cigarette; the cigarette to be detected is adsorbed on the outer edges of a plurality of adsorption columns which are distributed circumferentially by negative pressure, all the adsorption columns rotate around the common circumferential center of the adsorption columns, all the adsorption columns also rotate around respective shafts, gaps among the adsorption columns are smaller than the diameter of the cross section of the cigarette, and the adsorption effect of each adsorption column is independently controlled by a controller;
step two: the image collector is arranged close to the transposition module, and the transposition module enables the outer surfaces of all angles of the cigarette to be presented to the image collector;
step three: the image processor performs primary processing on the outer surface image of the cigarette acquired by the image acquirer, the primary processing comprises image denoising processing, image filtering processing, image binarization processing and image difference processing, morphological processing is performed on the image after the primary processing by adopting a corrosion and expansion method in sequence, the image of each frame of outer surface curved surface of the cigarette is converted and spliced into a plane image through curve field restoration, image communication and region marking, and the plane image continuously extends along with the dynamic acquisition of the acquirer and the dynamic processing of the image processor;
step four: the image recognizer recognizes the cigarette lap position and the foreign matter position according to the generated plane image; searching a first end pixel point and a second end pixel point with the same gray value in the plane image, equally dividing the straight line distance between the first end pixel point and the second end pixel point to obtain at least one node, and judging whether the image gray values of all the nodes are the same as the gray values of the first end pixel point or the second end pixel point;
if the gray values of the images of all the nodes are the same as the gray values of the first end pixel points or the second end pixel points; taking a first end pixel point as a starting point to make a first ray towards a second end pixel point, stopping the first ray at a third end pixel point with a different gray value from the first end pixel point, taking the third end pixel point as the starting point to make a second ray towards the first end pixel point, stopping the second ray at a fourth end pixel point with a different gray value from the first end pixel point, measuring a quasi-junction line distance between the third end pixel point and the fourth end pixel point, and judging the third end pixel point and the fourth end pixel point as two end points of cigarette junction if the quasi-junction line distance is within an actual junction line interval;
if the quasi lap line distance is not in the actual lap line interval, newly selecting a first-end pixel point and a second-end pixel point;
if the gray value of the image with the node is different from the gray value of the first end pixel point or the second end pixel point, one of the first end pixel point or the second end pixel point is abandoned, and the other pixel point is selected from the plane image to replace the abandoned pixel point;
the image recognizer recognizes the position of the foreign matter while recognizing the cigarette lap, if the foreign matter is overlapped with the cigarette lap position, the image processor transmits a first instruction to the controller, so that the controller opens an airflow injector for cleaning the foreign matter at the cigarette lap position, the foreign matter on the cigarette lap is recognized again, and if the foreign matter on the cigarette lap disappears, the image acquisition and the image processing of the qualified cigarette are cancelled; if the foreign matter on the cigarette lap still exists, the image processor transmits a second instruction to the controller, so that the adsorption column generates positive pressure on the cigarette.
Furthermore, every time one node is taken, gray level connected domain extraction is carried out on the node in the neighborhood range, and the extracted gray level connected domain area is compared with the preset gray level connected domain area.
Further, the image filtering process adopts a total variation method to perform filtering process.
Further, the actual lap line interval is 64 +/-1 mm.
Furthermore, the image collector is matched with an independent light source, the light source is controlled by the controller, and the irradiation angle of the light source is dynamically adjusted according to the position change of the cigarette.
Further, the following processing is performed on the image gray value: f (x, y) ═ max { F (x, y), K } where F (x, y) is the gray scale value of the pixel, K is the gray scale value range, and F (x, y) is the gray scale value of the processed pixel; automatically determining a threshold, selecting a maximum inter-class variance method to automatically determine the threshold, carrying out binarization processing on the image, calculating an optimal threshold Th by using the maximum inter-class variance method, and dividing the image into a plant part and a background part according to the following formula: in the formula, G (x, y) represents a pixel value of the coordinate point (x, y), G (x, y) is 0 as a background, and G (x, y) is 255 as a cigarette.
Further, in the first step: the cigarette on one adsorption column rotates around the central shaft of the adsorption column, when the cigarette rotates to a position close to the adjacent adsorption column, the controller controls the adsorption column to close the adsorption effect on the cigarette, and the adjacent adsorption column opens the adsorption effect on the cigarette.
Further, the angle that the image collector gathered and the angle that gas injector jetted gas carry out the coincidence setting of each other, and the image collector in case detects the cigarette that the place ahead was taken a mouthful position and the position coincidence that the foreign matter was located, and gas injector sprays immediately, just sprays to corresponding cigarette on.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a method for detecting a cigarette lap foreign matter based on machine vision, wherein the adopted transposition module enables the outer surfaces of all angles of a cigarette to be presented to an image collector, and the cigarette is dynamically transmitted; qualified cigarettes pass through the transposition module smoothly, unqualified cigarettes are ejected out for rejection by positive pressure generated by the adsorption column, and the method is particularly suitable for large-scale detection of a large number of cigarettes; the image processor collects images of cigarettes to be detected and to be positioned on the transposition module, the foreign matter at the searched position is judged while the position of the cigarette opening is searched by adopting a method for synchronously detecting the foreign matter and the cigarette opening, if the position of the foreign matter is superposed with the position of the cigarette opening, the foreign matter is removed from the cigarette opening by using the airflow injector, and whether the foreign matter still exists or not is identified for the second time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cigarette landing position and shape;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for detecting foreign matters on cigarette seams based on machine vision;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of detecting the cigarette lap position;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the image collector and the transposition module.
The attached drawings are as follows: 1-adsorption tank, 2-autorotation shaft, 3-cigarette, 4-revolution shaft, 5-image collector and 6-adsorption column.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a method for detecting a cigarette mouth building foreign matter based on machine vision includes:
the method comprises the following steps: the transposition module dynamically adjusts the angle of the acquired image of the cigarette; the cigarette to be detected is adsorbed on the outer edges of a plurality of adsorption columns 6 which are distributed circumferentially by negative pressure, all the adsorption columns 6 rotate around the common circumferential center of the adsorption columns, all the adsorption columns 6 also rotate around respective shafts, the gaps among the adsorption columns 6 are smaller than the diameter of the cross section of the cigarette, and the adsorption effect of each adsorption column 6 is independently controlled by a controller; the conversion module has the functions of: each adsorption column 6 has revolution around the common circumference center and rotation around the axis, and the cigarettes adsorbed on the adsorption columns 6 show all angles of the cigarettes under the combination of the revolution and the rotation, but when the positions where the adsorption columns 6 and the cigarettes adsorb each other are just cigarette openings, the cigarette openings cannot be exposed for the collection of the image collector 5 no matter how the adsorption columns 6 revolve and rotate; in order to solve this problem, the cigarette on one adsorption column 6 provided in this embodiment rotates around the central axis of the adsorption column 6, and when the cigarette rotates to a position close to the adjacent adsorption column 6, the controller controls the adsorption column 6 to close the adsorption on the cigarette, and the adjacent adsorption column 6 to open the adsorption on the cigarette, as a result: the adjacent adsorption columns 6 are connected with the transferred cigarettes, and the combination part of the adjacent adsorption columns 6 and the cigarettes is different from the combination part of the upper adsorption column 6 for adsorbing the cigarettes; thus, the cigarette holder can ensure that the cigarette holder is not blocked due to the adsorption and fixation with the adsorption column 6; in this embodiment, the distance between two adjacent adsorption columns 6 should not be too large, so that the reliability of the transfer of the cigarettes between the adsorption columns 6 can be ensured; in this embodiment, the adsorption column 6 is provided with at least one adsorption tank 1, the adsorption tanks 1 are used for fixing cigarettes, and the airflow adsorption in each adsorption tank 1 is independent; the adsorption columns 6 rotate around the rotation shaft 2, and each adsorption column 6 rotates around the revolution shaft 4; for example, the a direction is the revolution direction of the adsorption column 6, and the B direction is the rotation direction of the adsorption column 6;
step two: arranging the image collector 5 close to the transposition module, wherein the transposition module enables the outer surfaces of all angles of the cigarette to be presented to the image collector 5; preferably, two image collectors 5 are arranged beside each adsorption column 6, and appearance images of the cigarettes are collected from two sides of the cigarettes respectively;
step three: the image processor performs primary processing on the cigarette outer surface image acquired by the image acquirer 5, wherein the primary processing comprises image denoising processing, image filtering processing, image binarization processing and image difference processing, morphological processing is performed on the image subjected to the primary processing by adopting a swelling and corrosion method in sequence, the image of each frame of outer surface curved surface of the cigarette is converted and spliced into a plane image through curved field restoration, image communication and region marking, and the plane image continuously extends along with dynamic acquisition of the acquirer and dynamic processing of the image processor; the process of expansion followed by erosion is called closed-loop operation. It has the functions of filling fine cavities in the object, connecting the adjacent object and smoothing the boundary; the outer surface of the cigarette is a cylindrical surface, the cylindrical surface is a curved surface, the acquired image also has a curved surface effect, and in order to ensure that the image recognition effect is better, each acquired frame image is subjected to primary processing and reduced into a continuously extended plane image;
step four: the image recognizer recognizes the cigarette lap position and the foreign matter position according to the generated plane image; searching a first end pixel point and a second end pixel point with the same gray value in the plane image, equally dividing the straight line distance between the first end pixel point and the second end pixel point to obtain at least one node, and judging whether the image gray values of all the nodes are the same as the gray values of the first end pixel point or the second end pixel point; in the embodiment, the gray values are not the same in numerical value strictly, so that the judgment of the cigarette lap position cannot be realized in order to avoid the situation that the cigarette lap line is broken or blocked by foreign matters, and the gray values are the same, namely the gray values of two pixel points are in a preset range close to each other;
if the gray values of the images of all the nodes are the same as the gray values of the first end pixel points or the second end pixel points; taking a first end pixel point as a starting point to make a first ray towards a second end pixel point, stopping the first ray at a third end pixel point with a different gray value from the first end pixel point, taking the third end pixel point as the starting point to make a second ray towards the first end pixel point, stopping the second ray at a fourth end pixel point with a different gray value from the first end pixel point, measuring a quasi-junction line distance between the third end pixel point and the fourth end pixel point, and judging the third end pixel point and the fourth end pixel point as two end points of cigarette junction if the quasi-junction line distance is within an actual junction line interval; the quasi-lap line distance is actually used for predicting whether the collected third-end pixel point and the fourth-end pixel point fall on the cigarette lap position, because the cigarette lap position has a clear outline, and the length of the outline is basically fixed on each cigarette;
if the distance of the quasi lap line is not in the actual lap line interval, reselecting a first-end pixel point and a second-end pixel point;
if the gray value of the image with the node is different from the gray value of the first end pixel point or the second end pixel point, one of the first end pixel point or the second end pixel point is abandoned, and the other pixel point is selected from the plane image to replace the abandoned pixel point; the abandoning of the first end pixel point and the second end pixel point is random, if the selected first end pixel point and the selected second end pixel point do not fall on the cigarette lap position, accurate pixel points can be finally selected after the judgment and the abandoning are continuously repeated;
the image recognizer recognizes the position of the foreign matter while recognizing the cigarette lap, if the foreign matter is overlapped with the cigarette lap position, the image processor transmits a first instruction to the controller, so that the controller opens an airflow injector for cleaning the foreign matter at the cigarette lap position, the foreign matter on the cigarette lap is recognized again, and if the foreign matter on the cigarette lap disappears, the image acquisition and the image processing of the qualified cigarette are cancelled; if the foreign matters on the cigarette lap still exist, the image processor transmits a second instruction to the controller, so that the adsorption column 6 generates positive pressure on the cigarettes. In the embodiment, the air flow ejector is arranged for cleaning foreign matters which can be naturally separated from the cigarette lap, if the foreign matters exist at the cigarette lap position after the gas ejector is processed, the foreign matters can be proved to be incapable of naturally falling off, the cigarette is removed, if the foreign matters can not be detected, the cigarette can be judged to be a qualified product, and in order to save energy and the memory of the image recognizer, the image acquisition and the image processing of the qualified cigarette are cancelled; in an embodiment, the angle acquired by the image acquisition device 5 and the angle of the gas ejected by the gas ejector are overlapped with each other, for example, the two are integrated together, once a certain image acquisition device 2 detects that the cigarette lap position in front is overlapped with the position of the foreign matter, the gas ejector immediately ejects the gas to the corresponding cigarette, and the two cooperate with each other to work cooperatively; if the foreign matters on the cigarette lap still exist, the image processor transmits a second instruction to the controller, so that positive pressure appears in the corresponding adsorption tank 1, and unqualified cigarettes are ejected.
In the embodiment, each node is taken to extract the gray level connected domain of the node in the neighborhood range, and the extracted gray level connected domain area is compared with the preset gray level connected domain area. The method mainly comprises the steps of judging whether foreign matters exist in the field of the node or not, if the foreign matters exist, and finally obtaining the conclusion that the node is also located at the cigarette lap position, concluding that the foreign matters exist in the cigarette lap, and if the foreign matters exist in the field of the node and the node is not located at the cigarette lap position, obtaining the conclusion that the foreign matters exist at the non-lap position of the cigarette.
In an embodiment, in order to obtain a better picture processing effect, the image filtering processing adopts a total variation method to perform filtering processing.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment, the actual lap line interval is 64 ± 1mm, and the actual lap line interval can be adjusted according to the specification of the cigarette.
In the embodiment, the image collector 5 is provided with an independent light source, the light source is controlled by a controller, and the irradiation angle of the light source is dynamically adjusted according to the position change of the cigarette. Preferably, the image collector 5 is a CCD camera.
In the embodiment, the following processing is performed on the image gray value: f (x, y) ═ max { F (x, y), K } where F (x, y) is the gray scale value of the pixel, K is the gray scale value range, and F (x, y) is the gray scale value of the processed pixel; automatically determining a threshold, selecting a maximum inter-class variance method to automatically determine the threshold, carrying out binarization processing on the image, calculating an optimal threshold Th by using the maximum inter-class variance method, and dividing the image into a plant part and a background part according to the following formula: in the formula, G (x, y) represents a pixel value of the coordinate point (x, y), G (x, y) is 0 as a background, and G (x, y) is 255 as a cigarette.
The above-described embodiments are only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and general changes and substitutions by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for detecting cigarette mouth building foreign bodies based on machine vision is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the transposition module dynamically adjusts the angle of the acquired image of the cigarette; the cigarette to be detected is adsorbed on the outer edges of a plurality of adsorption columns which are distributed circumferentially by negative pressure, all the adsorption columns rotate around the common circumferential center of the adsorption columns, all the adsorption columns also rotate around respective shafts, gaps among the adsorption columns are smaller than the diameter of the cross section of the cigarette, and the adsorption effect of each adsorption column is independently controlled by a controller;
step two: the image collector is arranged close to the transposition module, and the transposition module enables the outer surfaces of all angles of the cigarette to be presented to the image collector;
step three: the image processor performs primary processing on the outer surface image of the cigarette acquired by the image acquirer, the primary processing comprises image denoising processing, image filtering processing, image binarization processing and image difference processing, morphological processing is performed on the image after the primary processing by adopting a corrosion and expansion method in sequence, the image of each frame of outer surface curved surface of the cigarette is converted and spliced into a plane image through curve field restoration, image communication and region marking, and the plane image continuously extends along with the dynamic acquisition of the acquirer and the dynamic processing of the image processor;
step four: the image recognizer recognizes the cigarette lap position and the foreign matter position according to the generated plane image; searching a first end pixel point and a second end pixel point with the same gray value in the plane image, equally dividing the straight line distance between the first end pixel point and the second end pixel point to obtain at least one node, and judging whether the image gray values of all the nodes are the same as the gray values of the first end pixel point or the second end pixel point;
if the gray values of the images of all the nodes are the same as the gray values of the first end pixel points or the second end pixel points; taking a first end pixel point as a starting point to make a first ray towards a second end pixel point, stopping the first ray at a third end pixel point with a different gray value from the first end pixel point, taking the third end pixel point as the starting point to make a second ray towards the first end pixel point, stopping the second ray at a fourth end pixel point with a different gray value from the first end pixel point, measuring a quasi-junction line distance between the third end pixel point and the fourth end pixel point, and judging the third end pixel point and the fourth end pixel point as two end points of cigarette junction if the quasi-junction line distance is within an actual junction line interval;
if the quasi lap line distance is not in the actual lap line interval, newly selecting a first-end pixel point and a second-end pixel point;
if the gray value of the image with the node is different from the gray value of the first end pixel point or the second end pixel point, one of the first end pixel point or the second end pixel point is abandoned, and the other pixel point is selected from the plane image to replace the abandoned pixel point;
the image recognizer recognizes the position of the foreign matter while recognizing the cigarette lap, if the foreign matter is overlapped with the cigarette lap position, the image processor transmits a first instruction to the controller, so that the controller opens an airflow injector for cleaning the foreign matter at the cigarette lap position, the foreign matter on the cigarette lap is recognized again, and if the foreign matter on the cigarette lap disappears, the image acquisition and the image processing of the qualified cigarette are cancelled; if the foreign matter on the cigarette lap still exists, the image processor transmits a second instruction to the controller, so that the adsorption column generates positive pressure on the cigarette.
2. The machine vision-based cigarette lap foreign matter detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that every time a node is taken, a gray level connected domain extraction is performed on the node in a neighborhood range, and the extracted gray level connected domain area is compared with a preset gray level connected domain area.
3. The machine vision-based cigarette holder foreign matter detection method according to claim 1, wherein the image filtering process adopts a total variation method to perform filtering process.
4. The machine vision-based cigarette lap foreign matter detection method according to claim 1, wherein the actual lap line interval is 64 ± 1 mm.
5. The machine vision-based detection method for the cigarette lap foreign matter according to claim 1, wherein the image collector is matched with an independent light source, the light source is controlled by a controller, and the irradiation angle of the light source is dynamically adjusted according to the position change of the cigarette.
6. The machine vision-based cigarette lap foreign matter detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that the following processing is performed on image gray values: f (x, y) ═ max { F (x, y), K } where F (x, y) is the gray scale value of the pixel, K is the gray scale value range, and F (x, y) is the gray scale value of the processed pixel; automatically determining a threshold, selecting a maximum inter-class variance method to automatically determine the threshold, carrying out binarization processing on the image, calculating an optimal threshold Th by using the maximum inter-class variance method, and dividing the image into a plant part and a background part according to the following formula: in the formula, G (x, y) represents a pixel value of the coordinate point (x, y), G (x, y) is 0 as a background, and G (x, y) is 255 as a cigarette.
7. The machine vision-based cigarette holder foreign matter detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the first step: the cigarette on one adsorption column rotates around the central shaft of the adsorption column, when the cigarette rotates to a position close to the adjacent adsorption column, the controller controls the adsorption column to close the adsorption effect on the cigarette, and the adjacent adsorption column opens the adsorption effect on the cigarette.
8. The machine vision-based cigarette lap foreign matter detection method according to claim 1, wherein the angle acquired by the image acquirer and the angle of the gas sprayed by the gas sprayer are overlapped with each other, and once the image acquirer detects that the position of the cigarette lap in front is overlapped with the position of the foreign matter, the gas sprayer immediately sprays the foreign matter to the corresponding cigarette.
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| CN112024448B (en) | 2021-11-12 |
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