CN112021458A

CN112021458A - Gestation feed additive for improving reproductive performance of sows and feed thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112021458A
Application number: CN202010776589.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 单安山; 孙世帅; 曹春宇; 孟庆维; 李继博; 宋春生
Original assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Current assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Priority date: 2020-08-05
Filing date: 2020-08-05
Publication date: 2020-12-04

Abstract

The invention provides a gestation feed additive for improving reproductive performance of sows and a feed thereof, wherein the feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: each kilogram of feed for the sows in the gestation period contains 80mg of lycopene. The gestation period feed for improving the reproductive performance of sows comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 67.492% of corn, 13.500% of wheat bran, 16.000% of soybean meal, 1.100% of stone powder, 1.000% of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.400% of salt, 0.350% of microelement premix, 0.150% of vitamin premix and 0.008% of lycopene. The invention solves the problems of little sow litter size, much dead fetus, slow intrauterine development of fetus and the like, and obviously improves the sow litter size, the number of live piglets, the weight of live litter and the weight average of placenta.

Description

Gestation feed additive for improving reproductive performance of sows and feed thereof

Technical Field

The invention particularly relates to a gestation feed additive for improving reproductive performance of sows and a feed thereof.

Background

Lycopene is a carotenoid present in vegetable foods and is also a red pigment. Deep red needle crystal, which is dissolved in chloroform, benzene and grease and is not dissolved in water. Is unstable to light and oxygen and turns brown when encountering iron. Molecular formula C40H56, relative molecular mass 536.85. The molecular structure has 11 conjugated double bonds and 2 non-conjugated double bonds, and the straight chain type hydrocarbon is formed. Has no physiological activity of vitamin A, but has strong antioxidant function. The content of ripe red plant fruits is higher, and the ripe red plant fruits are more abundant in tomatoes, carrots, watermelons, pawpaw, guavas and the like. Can be used as pigment in food processing, and is also commonly used as raw material of antioxidant health food. Lycopene has been shown to enhance oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory activity, protect cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems, protect the skin, and enhance immunity. For mammals, the effect of lycopene on reproduction is of great importance. Oxidative and inflammatory damage is considered to be one of the major causes of increased abortion, stillbirth and fetal developmental delay. The in vitro antioxidant capacity of lycopene has been proved by many experiments that lycopene has 2 times more ability to quench singlet oxygen than the currently common antioxidant beta-carotene, and 100 times more ability than vitamin E.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to disclose a gestation feed additive for improving reproductive performance of sows, and solves the problems of oxidative stress of sows, small number of born, much stillbirth and slow intrauterine development of fetuses.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a gestation feed additive for improving reproductive performance of sow is prepared by adding lycopene into feed for sow during gestation, wherein each kilogram of feed contains lycopene 80 mg.

The invention also aims to provide a gestation period feed for improving reproductive performance of sows, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 67.492% of corn, 13.500% of wheat bran, 16.000% of soybean meal, 1.100% of stone powder, 1.000% of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.400% of salt, 0.350% of microelement premix, 0.150% of vitamin premix and 0.008% of lycopene.

1. The effective content of lycopene is more than or equal to 96%, and impurities in lycopene require that acacia gum is more than or equal to 90%.

2. The corn contains crude protein more than or equal to 8.00% according to weight percentage.

3. The microelement premix contains 20mg of copper, 101mg of zinc, 0.2mg of selenium, 25mg of manganese, 80mg of iron and 0.3mg of iodine per kilogram of feed.

4. The vitamin premix comprises 8000IU of vitamin A, 32000 IU of vitamin D, 50IU of vitamin E, 1.5mg of vitamin K, 27.0 mg of vitamin B, 15mg of pantothenic acid, 20mg of nicotinic acid, 120.3mg of vitamin B, 3.5mg of folic acid, 61.5 mg of vitamin B, 0.4mg of biotin and 11.6 mg of vitamin B per kilogram of feed.

The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the invention solves the problems of oxidative stress of sow placenta, small litter size, much dead fetus, slow intrauterine development of fetus and the like, and obviously improves the total number of born sows, the number of born alive piglets, the weight of live litter and the weight average of placenta; lycopene can exert physiological effects by quenching singlet oxygen in reproductive system, resisting inflammation of reproductive system in gestation period, improving maternal immunity in gestation period, influencing secretion of hormone in sow, increasing litter size and live litter size of sow, improving piglet growth performance, and increasing piglet survival rate. Therefore, the feed disclosed by the invention is used for the first time by adding a certain amount of lycopene into a feed formula so as to improve the reproductive performance of sows and the oxidative stress resistance of placenta, and provide a certain theoretical basis and technical guidance for the efficient utilization of lycopene in the feed of pregnant sows.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1:

1. test feed

The basic daily ration for the experiment is prepared by referring to nutritional needs of pregnant sows in the United states NRC (1998), pig feeding standards issued by the Ministry of agriculture in China in 2004 and Chinese feed ingredient and nutritional value table (20 th edition in 2009), and the composition and main nutritional level of each daily ration are shown in Table 1. The test group added 80mg/kg lycopene instead of corn on the basis of basic diet.

TABLE 1 basic diet composition and Nutrition level (air-dried basis)

Note:¹the premix can be provided for each kilogram of daily ration: 20mg of copper; 101mg of zinc; 0.2mg selenium; 25mg of manganese; 80mg of iron; 0.3mg iodine; 8000IU of vitamin A; vitamin D₃2000 IU; vitamin E50 IU; vitamin K1.5 mg; vitamin B₂7.0 mg; 15mg of pantothenic acid; 20mg of nicotinic acid; vitamin B₁₂0.3 mg; 3.5mg of folic acid; vitamin B₆1.5 mg; biotin 0.4 mg; vitamin B₁ 1.6mg；

²The nutrient level is calculated value

2. Design of experiments

The research adopts single-factor test design, a control group is fed with basic diet, a test group is added with 80mg/kg of lycopene (purchased from Nanjing Jingzhu Biotechnology Limited, alcohol extraction method extraction, liquid chromatography purity of 96%), and the influence of the addition of lycopene in the diet on the reproductive performance of pregnant sows is researched. The experimental selection of the sows with similar body weights, multiparous (three or four births) long times large pregnancy (30 sows), artificial insemination mode breeding (Duroc boar semen) is adopted, and the sows are randomly divided into 2 groups of control groups and experimental groups according to the body weights and the number of births, each group is 15 in repetition, and each group is 1 in repetition. The trial ranged from 7 days prior to sow mating to parturition.

3. Feeding management

Before the experiment, the pigsty is thoroughly disinfected and cleaned with a trough, and the pigsty is ventilated by adopting natural ventilation auxiliary machinery. 3-5 sows are raised in ground during gestation, and fed in sections during gestation period, and water is freely drunk. The feed is required to be accurately and quickly put in each time so as to reduce stress, prevent flowing and protect fetus, and does not feed moldy and deteriorated feed. Under normal conditions, the pregnancy can be determined for sows that are no longer in heat about 21 days after mating. The sow is transferred to a completely disinfected farrowing house in 110 days of gestation period and is fed by a farrowing limit fence, and the area of the farrowing fence is 1.5 multiplied by 2.1 m. The fence is internally provided with a piglet incubator, an infrared lamp is used for heating, and sows and piglets adopt duckbilled drinkers to freely drink water. In lactation period, feeding 2.0kg on the day of parturition, and adding 1.0kg daily after parturition until free feeding. After delivery, the piglets are intercropped in the same group, and 9-13 piglets are born by each sow. The iron and selenium can be supplemented by injection in 3 days after the birth of the piglet. The piglets are inoculated with various vaccines according to the immunization program of a pig farm, the piglets start to be supplemented in 7 days after birth, the cleanness and sanitation in a house are kept, the heat preservation measures of the newborn piglets are strengthened, and the piglets are weaned at the age of 21 days. And transferring the weaned sows to a breeding house, and observing oestrus.

5. Data statistics

The data statistics were tested using SPSS18.0 software independent sample t, and the results were expressed as mean ± sem.

6. Example results

TABLE 2 influence of lycopene addition to diets on reproductive performance of sows

Note: the different lower case letters of the shoulder marks of the same row indicate that the difference is significant (P <0.05), and the same letters without shoulder marks or labels indicate that the difference is not significant (P > 0.05).

As can be seen from the table 2, the total number of born sows, the number of born alive piglets, the total weight of litter, the weight of live litter and the weight of placenta (P <0.05) of the sows are obviously improved by adding the lycopene into the feed, and the SOD activity and the CAT activity (P <0.05) of the placenta are obviously improved, so that the results show that the test group feed has the effects of improving the reproductive performance of the sows and reducing the oxidative stress of the placentas of the sows, and one of the mechanisms of the feed is to promote the placenta development of the sows and further improve the number of born alive piglets and the weight of live litter.

Claims

1. A feed additive used for improving the reproductive performance of sows in the gestation period is characterized in that: lycopene is added into the feed for sows in the gestation period, and each kilogram of the feed contains 80mg of lycopene.

2. The gestation period feed for improving reproductive performance of sows is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 67.492% of corn, 13.500% of wheat bran, 16.000% of soybean meal, 1.100% of stone powder, 1.000% of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.400% of salt, 0.350% of microelement premix, 0.150% of vitamin premix and 0.008% of lycopene.

3. The pregnancy feed for improving reproductive performance of sows as claimed in claim 2, wherein the effective content of lycopene is 96% or more, and the impurities in lycopene require gum arabic 90% or more.

4. The pregnancy feed for improving reproductive performance of sows as claimed in claim 2, wherein the corn contains crude protein at a weight percentage of 8.00% or more.

5. The gestational feed of claim 2, wherein the microelement premix comprises 20mg of copper, 101mg of zinc, 0.2mg of selenium, 25mg of manganese, 80mg of iron and 0.3mg of iodine per kilogram of feed.

6. The gestational feed for improving reproductive performance of a sow as claimed in claim 2, wherein the vitamin premix comprises 8000IU of vitamin A, 32000 IU of vitamin D, 50IU of vitamin E, 1.5mg of vitamin K, 27.0 mg of vitamin B, 15mg of pantothenic acid, 20mg of nicotinic acid, 3.3 mg of vitamin B, 3.5mg of folic acid, 61.5 mg of vitamin B, 0.4mg of biotin and 11.6 mg of vitamin B per kilogram of feed.