CN112021103A - Mechanical rice transplanting separation layer type seedling raising method - Google Patents
Mechanical rice transplanting separation layer type seedling raising method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112021103A CN112021103A CN201910415286.2A CN201910415286A CN112021103A CN 112021103 A CN112021103 A CN 112021103A CN 201910415286 A CN201910415286 A CN 201910415286A CN 112021103 A CN112021103 A CN 112021103A
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- seedling
- layer
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- seedlings
- rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0293—Seed or shoot receptacles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/28—Raised beds; Planting beds; Edging elements for beds, lawn or the like, e.g. tiles
Abstract
The invention relates to a rice mechanical transplanting and separated layer type seedling raising method which comprises the steps of seedling bed preparation, separated layer type seedling bed establishment, seeding, seedling bed management and seedling taking and mechanical transplanting. Wherein the separation-layer type seedling bed is a seedling compartment layer (1), a protective layer (2), a seedling tray layer (3), a tray root layer (4) and a seedling soil layer (5) from bottom to top, thereby realizing that: 1: the seedling tray layer (3) is separated from the seedling compartment (1) and the seedling soil layer (5), so that the tray is not stained with soil, the seedling tray is kept clean, and the recovery and cleaning work of the seedling tray is reduced; 2: the roots of the seeds which germinate and grow into seedlings are coiled on the root coil layer (4) and can not be pricked into the soil of the seedling box through the pores of the seedling disk and the gaps of the protective layer, so that the seedling taking is not difficult, the seedling disk is not damaged, the seedlings are uniformly packed, and the packing is enhanced to transport the seedlings without scattering the seedlings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rice planting, in particular to a mechanical rice transplanting separation layer type seedling raising method.
Background
Under the conditions of land right determination, centralized acceleration of circulation and rural labor shortage, agricultural production is bound to be mechanized and intensive. The rice is used as a main grain crop, and mechanical operation is realized in direct seeding or machine transplanting, plant protection and flying prevention, mechanical harvesting and drying, so that the manual operation link is greatly reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved.
In the field of rice mechanical transplanting, particularly in the mechanical transplanting and seedling raising link, although a new seedling raising technology is provided to solve the problems of mechanical transplanting such as seed consumption, seedling quality and the like, a seedling raising machine solves the problem of manual tray arrangement and soil covering, and a seedling raising tray (an integrated seedling raising tray: ZL201720934899.3) solves the problem of labor and time consumption of single tray arrangement and collection, the problems of labor and labor consumption in seedling lifting, high seedling tray breakage rate, complex recovery and cleaning, and seedling conveying and scattering still remain the outstanding problems of rice mechanical transplanting after seedling raising.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem, the invention provides a rice machine transplanting separation-layer type seedling raising method, which is characterized in that a separation-layer type seedling bed is established, woven bag cloth is used as a protective layer (2) to separate a seedling tray from a seedling chamber layer (1) of soil, non-woven cloth is used as a tray root layer (4) to separate a seedling soil layer, the tray is not stained with the soil, seedling roots are uniformly laid on the non-woven cloth tray root layer and cannot be pricked into the seedling chamber soil through the pores of the seedling tray and the gaps of the protective layer, and then the purposes of not taking seedlings difficultly, not damaging the seedling tray, uniformly packing the seedlings and enhancing the packing and transporting the seedlings without scattering the seedlings are realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the specific scheme that: a rice mechanical transplanting separation layer type seedling raising method comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of seedling box
The field block which is leeward and exposed to the sun, convenient to irrigate and drain, good in water permeability and fertile in soil is selected as the seedling field, sufficient base fertilizer is applied, and the seedling field is well finished with high standard.
And (3) carrying out whole tillage on the seedling bed for 1 time in the half month before sowing, carrying out dry tillage, harrowing and rotting, carrying out whole tillage and harrowing 3-4 days before sowing, and broadcasting and applying 20-30 kilograms of 45% compound fertilizer per mu.
The seedling box is required to form ridges along the wind and be parallel to the wind direction. Ditching according to the width of the compartment of 140-150cm and the width of the ditch of 40-60 cm. The compartment, the compartment ditch, the surrounding ditch and the ditch are communicated.
2. Establishing a separated layer type seedling bed
The width is 140-160cm and the gram weight is 50-70g/m2The woven bag cloth is longitudinally and smoothly laid on a prepared seedling box (1) to form a protective layer (2), and seedling trays are sequentially placed on a seedling tray layer (3) on the woven bag cloth and have a grammage of 9-15g/m2The non-woven fabrics are flatly laid in a seedling tray to form a tray root layer (4), and then slurry or dry soil or a seedling raising substrate is filled in the seedling tray to form a seedling layer (5)
3. Seeding
Uniformly sowing seeds in a seedling tray by using rice seeds soaked for 24 hours, and covering a layer of 0.5cm seed covering soil on the seeds by using a substrate or fine soil as seedling soil.
4. Rice seedling bed management
Using 25-30g/m2Non-woven fabric or woven bag fabricCovering on seedling tray, keeping moisture for 3 days, and removing the seeds after all seeds germinate; then, the conventional seedling bed management mode is adopted to manage the seedling bed.
5. Seedling taking machine transplanting
Controlling water to harden the seedlings 3-5 days before transplanting, and rolling the seedlings into a cylinder shape by using non-woven fabrics in a seedling tray; the rice seedlings are conveyed to a field for mechanical transplanting, and the transplanting depth of the rice transplanter is adjusted according to the depth of mud feet of the field to achieve the purposes of no floating, no falling and proper depth.
6. Material recovery
And taking the seedlings, timely recovering seedling raising materials such as seedling trays, woven bag cloth and the like, and putting the seedlings in a shade place after finishing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a separated layer type seedling bed;
FIG. 2 is a field effect diagram of an example of a field;
the figures in the drawings represent: 1. seedling compartment layer 2, protective layer 3, seedling tray layer 4, tray root layer 5 and seedling soil layer
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
example 1: a mechanical rice transplanting separation layer type seedling raising method is applied to slurry seedling raising and comprises the following specific implementation steps:
1. preparation of seedling box
The field block which is leeward and exposed to the sun, convenient to irrigate and drain, good in water permeability and fertile in soil is selected as the seedling field, sufficient base fertilizer is applied, and the seedling field is well finished with high standard.
And (3) ploughing the seedling bed for 1 time in the half month before sowing, ploughing dry and ploughing thoroughly, ploughing thoroughly and harrowing 3 days before sowing, and broadcasting 30 kilograms of 45% compound fertilizer per mu.
The seedling box is required to form ridges along the wind and be parallel to the wind direction. And (5) ditching with the carriage width of 150cm and the ditch width of 50 cm. The compartment surface is 'stuck up and loose at the top, the ditch is deep and flat, the fertilizer is enough and the grass is clean, the hardness is moderate', and the compartment, the compartment ditch, the surrounding ditch and the ditch are communicated.
2. Establishing a separated layer type seedling bed
With a width of 150cm and a gram weight of 53g/m2The woven bag cloth is longitudinally and smoothly laid on a prepared seedling box (1) to form a protective layer (2), and seedling raising trays are sequentially placed on a seedling tray layer (3) on the woven bag cloth and have the weight of 12g/m2The non-woven fabric is flatly laid in a seedling tray to form a root layer (4), then slurry is filled into the seedling tray, the roots and stems of the seedlings and stones are removed, and the thickness of the slurry is 2cm, namely the seedling soil layer (5).
3. Seeding
The rice seeds soaked for 24 hours are uniformly sown in a seedling tray, and the seeds are lightly stepped to seed grains and are half empty and half exposed.
4. Rice seedling bed management
With a width of 1.6m and a gram weight of 53g/m2Covering the seedling tray with woven bag cloth, keeping moisture for 3 days, and removing the seeds after all the seeds germinate; and then adopting a conventional seedling bed management mode.
5. Seedling taking machine transplanting
Controlling water to harden the seedlings 3-5 days before transplanting, and rolling the seedlings into a cylinder shape by using non-woven fabrics in a seedling tray; conveying to field machine for transplanting, and regulating the transplanting depth of the transplanter according to the depth of mud feet in the field to achieve proper depth without floating
6. Material recovery
And taking the seedlings, timely recovering seedling raising materials such as seedling trays, woven bag cloth and the like, and putting the seedlings in a shade place after finishing.
Example 2: a mechanical rice transplanting separation layer type seedling raising method is applied to dry seedling raising and comprises the following specific implementation steps:
1. preparation of seedling box
The field block which is leeward and exposed to the sun, convenient to irrigate and drain, good in water permeability and fertile in soil is selected as the seedling field, sufficient base fertilizer is applied, and the seedling field is well finished with high standard.
And (3) carrying out whole tillage on the seedling bed for 1 time in the half month before sowing, carrying out dry tillage and flattening before sowing, and broadcasting and applying 25 kilograms of 45% compound fertilizer per mu.
The seedling box is required to form ridges along the wind and be parallel to the wind direction. Ditching according to the width of the compartment of 140-150cm and the width of the ditch of 40-60 cm. The compartment, the compartment ditch, the surrounding ditch and the ditch are communicated.
2. Establishing a separated layer type seedling bed
Drying in the sun, selecting the width of 140cm and the gram weight of 60g/m2The woven bag cloth is longitudinally and smoothly laid on a prepared seedling box (1) to form a protective layer (2), and seedling plates are sequentially placed on a seedling plate layer (3) on the woven bag cloth and have the gram weight of 12g/m2The non-woven fabrics are flatly laid in a seedling tray to form a tray root layer (4), and then dry soil or a seedling raising substrate is filled in the seedling tray to form a seedling soil layer (5)
3. Seeding
Uniformly sowing seeds in a seedling tray by using rice seeds soaked for 24 hours, and covering a layer of 0.5cm seed covering soil on the seeds by using a substrate or fine soil as seedling soil.
4. Rice seedling bed management
With a width of 1.6m and a gram weight of 30g/m2The non-woven fabric is covered on the seedling tray, the whole seedling bed is watered to the opposite surface, and then the seedling bed is managed by adopting a conventional seedling bed management mode.
5. Seedling taking machine transplanting
Controlling water to harden the seedlings 3-5 days before transplanting, and rolling the seedlings into a cylinder shape by using non-woven fabrics in a seedling tray; the rice seedlings are conveyed to a field for mechanical transplanting, and the transplanting depth of the rice transplanter is adjusted according to the depth of mud feet of the field to achieve the purposes of no floating, no falling and proper depth.
6. Material recovery
And taking the seedlings, timely recovering seedling raising materials such as seedling trays and non-woven fabrics, and putting the seedlings in a cool place after finishing.
Site example: a mechanical rice transplanting separation layer type seedling raising method comprises the following operation cases of dry seedling raising: the rice machine transplanting and separated layer type seedling raising is carried out at a field farmer in Changsha city, the farmer prepares a seedling bed before 14 days in 4 months according to the requirement, the separated layer type seedling bed-seeding work is completed after 14 days in 4 months, and the later period is as conventional management. The seedlings can be rolled up in No. 29 of 4 months, the seedlings are not scattered when lifted, the seedlings are transplanted by farmers in 4 days of 5 months and 4 days, the seedling age is 21 days, the height of the seedlings is 16.7cm, and the conditions of no scattered seedlings, no damage to a seedling tray and no root lifting on the tray are caused.
The above examples are only partial embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any equivalent alterations made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for raising rice seedlings by transplanting rice seedlings by a rice transplanter in a separated layer mode comprises the steps of preparing a seedling box, establishing a separated layer type seedling bed, sowing, managing a seedling bed, taking the rice seedlings for transplanting by the rice transplanter and recovering materials. Wherein the separation-layer type seedling bed comprises a seedling compartment layer (1), a protective layer (2), a seedling tray layer (3), a tray root layer (4) and a seedling soil layer (5) from bottom to top.
2. The machine-transplanted seedling separate-layer type seedling raising method for rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the protective layer (2) is a water-permeable and air-permeable woven bag cloth with a gram weight of 50-70g/m2。
3. The machine-transplanted seedling separated-layer type seedling raising method for rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the root layer (4) is a non-woven fabric or a fibrilia film made of PP material, and the gram weight is 9-15g/m2。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910415286.2A CN112021103A (en) | 2019-05-18 | 2019-05-18 | Mechanical rice transplanting separation layer type seedling raising method |
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| CN201910415286.2A CN112021103A (en) | 2019-05-18 | 2019-05-18 | Mechanical rice transplanting separation layer type seedling raising method |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101507410A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2009-08-19 | 王其传 | Machine-transplanted rice seedling raising ground substance and production method thereof |
| CN103493704A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-01-08 | 高深 | Paddy knitted cloth interlayer seedling raising method |
| CN104137751A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2014-11-12 | 中国水稻研究所 | Rice machine transplanting dry land tray-free rice seedling raising method |
| CN106888851A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-27 | 湖南农业大学 | Machine-transplanted rice is without plate seedling raising nutrient matrix raising rice seedling plate and method of raising seedling |
| CN107616067A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-01-23 | 安仁县鑫亮粮油发展有限公司 | A kind of rice is without plate seedling raising method |
-
2019
- 2019-05-18 CN CN201910415286.2A patent/CN112021103A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101507410A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2009-08-19 | 王其传 | Machine-transplanted rice seedling raising ground substance and production method thereof |
| CN103493704A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-01-08 | 高深 | Paddy knitted cloth interlayer seedling raising method |
| CN104137751A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2014-11-12 | 中国水稻研究所 | Rice machine transplanting dry land tray-free rice seedling raising method |
| CN106888851A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-27 | 湖南农业大学 | Machine-transplanted rice is without plate seedling raising nutrient matrix raising rice seedling plate and method of raising seedling |
| CN107616067A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-01-23 | 安仁县鑫亮粮油发展有限公司 | A kind of rice is without plate seedling raising method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 周学辉等: "根固育秧法在机插秧育秧技术中的应用与推广", 《中国农技推广》 * |
| 李翠英: "早稻地膜育秧技术要点", 《科学种养》 * |
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Application publication date: 20201204 |