CN112008350A

CN112008350A - Automatic electrode lengthening device

Info

Publication number: CN112008350A
Application number: CN201910450156.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 代军峰
Original assignee: Xiye Technology Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xiye Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-05-28
Filing date: 2019-05-28
Publication date: 2020-12-01

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic electrode lengthening device, which is graphite electrode off-line butt joint screwing automatic equipment and belongs to the technology of a nascent state electric arc furnace. The novel device provided by the invention can accurately guide the electrode, when the old electrode to be connected enters the lower guide cylinder and the new electrode to be connected enters the upper guide frame, the clamping and rotating device can drive the new electrode to be connected to rotate under the action of the driving device so as to realize the threaded connection of the new electrode and the old electrode, and by adopting the device, the electrode can be automatically lengthened by only one person under the cooperation of a crown block, so that the labor intensity and the potential safety hazard are reduced.

Description

Automatic electrode lengthening device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technology of a nascent state electric arc furnace, and particularly relates to an automatic electrode lengthening device.

Background

An electric arc furnace is an electric furnace that utilizes the high temperature produced by an electrode arc to melt ores and metals. When the gas discharge forms an electric arc, the energy is concentrated, and the temperature of the arc area is more than 3000 ℃. For smelting metal, the electric arc furnace has greater process flexibility than other steel furnaces, can effectively remove impurities such as sulfur, phosphorus and the like, has easily controlled furnace temperature and small equipment floor area, and is suitable for smelting high-quality alloy steel.

The graphite electrode is a conductor which releases electric energy in an electric arc form to heat and melt furnace burden in an electric arc furnace, and can be divided into a common power graphite electrode, a high-power graphite electrode and an ultrahigh-power graphite electrode according to the quality index.

The electrode is used as a conductive material in electric furnace smelting, and the consumption of the electrode generates a proportional relation along with the consumption of electric work. The continuous consumption of the electrode in smelting of the electric furnace needs continuous electrode extension, the electric furnaces equipped at home and abroad are all operated manually when the electrode extension is screwed, the operation steps are that after the electric furnace is powered off and stopped, the electrode is lifted out from the clamping device of the cross arm to the electrode connection storage by a crown block, the new electrode and the electrode to be extended are in threaded butt joint by using the operation auxiliary time, and the electrode is screwed by at least two workers manually by using a special spanner, so that the labor intensity is high, and potential safety hazards exist.

Disclosure of Invention

The novel device provided by the invention can accurately guide the electrode, when the old electrode to be connected enters the lower guide cylinder and the new electrode to be connected enters the upper guide frame, the clamping and rotating device can drive the new electrode to be connected to rotate under the action of the driving device so as to realize the threaded connection of the new electrode and the old electrode, and by adopting the device, the electrode can be automatically lengthened by only one person under the cooperation of a crown block, so that the labor intensity and the potential safety hazard are reduced.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an automatic electrode lengthening device is characterized by comprising a base for bearing, an upper guide frame for guiding an electrode, a driving device for providing a power source, a clamping and rotating device for screwing the electrode, a compensating device for adjusting a gap, a lower guide cylinder for guiding the electrode and a fastening device for fixing the electrode in the guide cylinder, wherein:

the upper guide frame is arranged on the base and comprises a first support and a second support which are oppositely arranged, a vertical guide wheel is arranged at the top of the first support, a rotary guide wheel is arranged at the top of the second support, and a space for passing an electrode is formed between the vertical guide wheel and the rotary guide wheel;

the driving device is arranged on one side of the base and drives the clamping and rotating device to work through a gear; the tight rotating device is arranged at the top of the compensating device through a bearing, and the bottom of the compensating device is arranged on the base; the lower guide cylinder is arranged right below the upper guide frame.

Preferably, the vertical guide wheel comprises a first conical wheel and a second conical wheel which are symmetrically arranged, and the rotary guide wheel comprises a first round wheel and a second round wheel which are symmetrically arranged, wherein:

the rotation centers of the first conical wheel and the second conical wheel are perpendicular to the center of the electrode, and the side surfaces of the first conical wheel and the second conical wheel are used for leading the electrode to move vertically;

the rotation centers of the first round wheel and the second round wheel are parallel to the center of the electrode, and the side surfaces of the first round wheel and the second round wheel are used for guiding the electrode to be screwed down.

Preferably, the bottom of second support is passed through the mobilizable installation of slide rail at the base, the outer end of slide rail is provided with the distance adjustment device who is used for adjusting distance between first support and the second support, distance adjustment device includes riser and screw, the screw passes through the screw and installs on the riser, through the distance between rotatory adjustment screw's the extension length in order to change first support and the second support.

Preferably, the driving device comprises a motor, a speed reducer installed at the output end of the motor, and a driving gear installed at the output end of the speed reducer, and the output shaft of the speed reducer is further provided with a torque sensor.

Preferably, the clamping rotation device comprises an outer ring, a transmission arm and an inner ring, wherein: a gear ring is arranged outside the outer ring and is in matched transmission with the driving gear, and a plurality of transmission notches are formed in the outer ring; the inner ring and the outer ring are arranged concentrically, and a tightening notch is arranged at the position of the inner ring close to the transmission notch; the rotatable installation of driving arm is on step up the breach, the driving arm comprises transmission end, mounting hole and step up the end, the transmission end sets up inside the transmission breach, step up the end and can outwards stretch out around the inside round pin axle of mounting hole under stirring of transmission end in order to step up fixed inside electrode.

Preferably, the compensation device comprises a shell, a lifting plate, a guide rod and a spring, wherein the shell is a cylindrical shell and is arranged on the base, the bottom of the lifting plate is sleeved on the guide rod, the bottom of the guide rod is arranged on the shell, and the spring is sleeved on the guide rod and is positioned between the lifting plate and the shell.

Preferably, the fastening device comprises a driving cylinder, a driving arm and a variable diameter collar, wherein: the bottom of driving oil cylinder is installed in the base lower part, the rotatable one end of connecting the transmission arm in upper portion of driving oil cylinder, the center of variable diameter rand is connected to the other end of transmission arm, the rotatable side of installing guide cylinder under of variable diameter rand changes through rotating variable diameter rand and down the fixed of guide cylinder inner space in order to realize the electrode.

The automatic electrode lengthening device has the following beneficial effects:

the novel device provided by the invention can accurately guide the electrode, when the old electrode to be connected enters the lower guide cylinder and the new electrode to be connected enters the upper guide frame, the clamping and rotating device can drive the new electrode to be connected to rotate under the action of the driving device so as to realize the threaded connection of the new electrode and the old electrode, and by adopting the device, the electrode can be automatically lengthened by only one person under the coordination of a crown block, so that the labor intensity and the potential safety hazard are reduced, and the novel device has the following advantages:

(1) the upper guide frame is provided with the vertical guide wheel and the rotary guide wheel simultaneously so as to realize the rapid guide of the electrodes, and the distance between the upper guide frames is adjustable and suitable for the electrodes with different diameters.

(2) The clamping and rotating device can automatically clamp the electrode, automatically drives the clamping end of the transmission arm to extend out when the outer ring rotates under stress, and the clamping end of the transmission arm moves freely to unload the electrode under the condition that the outer ring is not stressed.

(3) The compensation device can move up and down, so that the gap between the gears can be adjusted, the up-and-down height of the compensation device can be adjusted when a new electrode and an old electrode are screwed down, and the problems of unstable electrode connection and gap existence are solved.

(4) The lower guide cylinder and the fastening device can realize the fixation of the internal electrode under the driving of the oil cylinder, and the fixation of the lower electrode and the rotation of the upper electrode realize the reliable electrode lengthening work.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the operation of the upper guide frame of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a distance adjustment device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a compensation device according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the clamping rotator of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the driving arm of the clamping rotating device of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a lower guide cylinder and a fastening device of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-base, 2-upper guide frame, 201-first support, 202-second support, 203-vertical guide wheel, 204-rotary guide wheel, 205-distance adjusting device, 2031-first cone wheel, 2032-second cone wheel, 2041-first circular wheel, 2042-second circular wheel, 2051-vertical plate, 2052-screw, 3-driving device, 301-motor, 302-speed reducer, 303-driving gear, 304-torque sensor, 4-clamping rotating device, 401-outer ring, 402-driving arm, 403-inner ring, 4011-gear ring, 4012-driving notch, 4021-driving end, 4022-mounting hole, 4023-clamping end, 4031-clamping notch, 5-compensating device, 501-shell, 502-lifting plate, 503-guide rod, 504-spring, 6-lower guide cylinder, 7-fastening device, 701-driving oil cylinder, 702-driving arm, 703-diameter-variable clamping ring and 8-electrode.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

The invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

as shown in fig. 1, an automatic electrode lengthening device includes a base 1 for bearing a load, an upper guide frame 2 for guiding an electrode, a driving device 3 for providing a power source, a clamping and rotating device 4 for tightening the electrode, a compensating device 5 for adjusting a gap, a lower guide cylinder 6 for guiding the electrode, and a fastening device 7 for fixing the electrode inside the guide cylinder 6.

Wherein, go up leading truck 2 and install on base 1, go up leading truck 2 including relative first support 201 and the second support 202 that sets up, the semicircle breach has all been seted up at the middle part of first support 201 and second support 202, form the space that is used for electrode 8 to pass through between two semicircle breaches, first cone pulley 2031 and the second cone pulley 2032 of symmetrical arrangement above the semicircle breach of first support 201, first round wheel 2041 and the second round wheel 2042 of symmetrical arrangement above the semicircle breach of second support 202, as shown in fig. 2.

It should be noted that, since the rotation centers of the first tapered wheel 2031 and the second tapered wheel 2032 are perpendicular to the center of the electrode 8, the side surfaces of the first tapered wheel 2031 and the second tapered wheel 2032 can be used for leading the electrode 8 to move vertically; meanwhile, since the centers of rotation of the first and second

circular wheels

2041 and 2042 are parallel to the center of the electrode 8, the sides of the first and second

circular wheels

2041 and 2042 can be used to guide the tightening action of the electrode 8.

For electrodes with different diameters, the distance between the first support 201 and the second support 202 can be adjusted, because the bottom of the second support 202 is movably mounted on the base 1 through a slide rail, the outer end of the slide rail is provided with a distance adjusting device 205 for adjusting the distance between the first support 201 and the second support 202, the distance adjusting device 205 comprises a vertical plate 2051 and a screw 2052, the screw 2052 is mounted on the vertical plate 2051 through a screw hole, and the distance between the first support 201 and the second support 202 can be changed by rotating the extending length of the adjusting screw 2052, as shown in fig. 3.

In operation, the electrode 8 is moved by the crane to a position close to the first tapered wheel 2031 and the second tapered wheel 2032, and then enters the clamping and rotating device 4 for tightening the electrode, the compensating device 5 for adjusting the gap, and the lower guide cylinder 6 for guiding the electrode under the guidance of the first tapered wheel 2031 and the second tapered wheel 2032, and then the other side of the electrode 8 is positioned by the first round wheel 2041 and the second round wheel 2042.

As shown in fig. 4, the compensating device 5 is mounted on the bottom of the rotating device 4 by a bearing, and as shown in fig. 4, the rotating device 4 and the lifting plate 502 are connected by a plurality of bearing mounting positions, so that the rotating device 4 can freely rotate and float up and down, and other double-row tapered roller bearings are not shown in fig. 4. The compensation device 5 specifically comprises a shell 501, a lifting plate 502, a guide rod 503 and a spring 504, wherein the shell 501 is a cylindrical shell and is arranged on the base 1, the bottom of the lifting plate 502 is sleeved on the guide rod 503, the bottom of the guide rod 503 is arranged on the shell 501, the spring 504 is sleeved on the guide rod 503 and is positioned between the lifting plate 502 and the shell 501, the compensation device 5 can move up and down, on one hand, the gap between gears can be adjusted, on the other hand, the vertical height can be adjusted when new and old electrodes are screwed down, and the problems that the electrodes 8 are not firmly connected and gaps exist are avoided.

The working principle of the clamping and rotating device 4 is shown in fig. 5 and 6, the clamping and rotating device 4 comprises an outer ring 401, a transmission arm 402 and an inner ring 403, a gear ring 4011 is arranged outside the outer ring 401, the gear ring 4011 is in matched transmission with the driving gear 303, and a plurality of transmission gaps 4012 are arranged inside the outer ring 401; the inner ring 403 and the outer ring 401 are concentrically arranged, and a clamping notch 4031 is arranged at the position, close to the transmission notch 4012, of the inner ring 403; the driving arm 402 is rotatably installed on the clamping notch 4031, the driving arm 402 is composed of a driving end 4021, a mounting hole 4022 and a clamping end 4023, the driving end 4021 is arranged inside the driving notch 4012, and the clamping end 4023 can outwards extend around the inner pin shaft of the mounting hole 4022 under the poking of the driving end 4021 to clamp the fixed inner electrode 8.

During specific work, motor 301 installed on one side of base 1 is electric retarder 302 in proper order, drive gear 303 is rotatory, drive gear 303 meshes with gear circle 4011, outer lane 401 rotates under the effect of external force, along with the rotation of outer lane 401, the inside transmission breach 4012 of outer lane 401 also begins to rotate, when the inner wall of transmission breach 4012 contacts the transmission end 4021 of transmission arm 402, transmission arm 402 is stirred, when transmission arm 402 rotates to extreme position around the inside round pin axle of mounting hole 4022, the side of transmission arm 402 is blocked by the inner wall of step-up breach 4031, outer lane 401 and inner circle 403 link together through transmission arm 402, clockwise motion, during the motion, step-up end 4023 of transmission arm 402 outwards stretches out in order to step up fixed inside electrode 8.

In this embodiment, a torque sensor 304 is further disposed on the output shaft of the speed reducer 302, and when the torque is too large, the system is powered off, so that damage to the equipment due to too large torque is avoided.

When a new electrode to be connected at the upper part rotates, an old electrode to be connected at the lower part needs to be fixed inside the lower guide cylinder 6 to realize the threaded connection of the upper electrode and the lower electrode, wherein the fastening device 7 is shown in fig. 7, the fastening device 7 comprises a driving oil cylinder 701, a driving arm 702 and a variable-diameter clamping ring 703, wherein: the bottom of the driving oil cylinder 701 is arranged at the lower part of the base 1, the upper part of the driving oil cylinder 701 is rotatably connected with one end of a transmission arm 702, the other end of the transmission arm 702 is connected with the center of a variable-diameter clamping ring 703, the variable-diameter clamping ring 703 is rotatably arranged at the side surface of the lower guide cylinder 6, and the inner space of the lower guide cylinder 6 is changed by rotating the variable-diameter clamping ring 703 so as to realize the fixation of the electrode 7.

The method comprises the following specific operation steps:

the first step is as follows: starting a power supply and an air source, and confirming that the equipment is electrified;

the second step is that: and (3) hanging the electrode 8 to be lengthened out of the electric furnace cross arm clamping device and hanging the electrode into the lower guide cylinder 6.

When the hanging electrode is close to the lengthening device, an operator commands the travelling crane to adjust the bottom end of the electrode to the height of the upper guide frame 2, and when the center of the electrode is adjusted to be basically aligned with the central line of the upper guide frame 2, the operator commands the travelling crane to move the electrode to be close to the upper guide frame 2 until the graphite electrode is abutted against the vertical guide wheel 203, whether the electrode 8 is vertical or not is adjusted, and the electrode 8 is descended after adjustment. The fall is stopped through the clamping and rotating device 4 until the tip of the graphite electrode can be observed by the shield of the clamping and rotating device 4 and the tip falls to the center inside the lower guide cylinder. The reversing valve of the pneumatic device is operated by an operating handle, the fastening device 7 is controlled to fix the electrode 8 in the lower guide cylinder 6, and at the moment, a driver must command to descend the electrode again until the steel wire rope loosens, so that the graphite electrode is completely clamped.

The third step: electrode unloading sling

The operator presses the lower button of the operating handle, and the motor rotates reversely at the moment to drive the wrench to unload the electrode hanger. And when the lifting appliance is completely unloaded, commanding the travelling crane to transfer away from the lifting appliance.

The fourth step: residue cleaning

And opening a ball valve of a pneumatic system, and cleaning the surface of the equipment, all metal, graphite scraps, residues and the like at the top end of the electrode, the internal thread of the electrode and the groove of the clamping block by using a metal hose.

The fifth step: novel electrode butt joint

When a new electrode is hung to be close to the lengthening device, an operator commands the travelling crane to adjust the bottom end of the electrode to the height of the upper guide frame 2, when the center of the electrode is adjusted to be basically aligned with the central line of the upper guide frame 2, the operator commands the travelling crane to move the electrode to be close to the guide device until the graphite electrode is abutted against the two vertical guide wheels 203 of the guide device, the electrode is adjusted to be vertical, and the electrode is descended after being adjusted to pass through the clamping and rotating device 4. When the bottom end surface of the new electrode can be observed at the upper end of the observation hole, the crane worker is instructed to fall down in a moving mode until the new electrode is completely butted with the old electrode, the crane steel wire rope is completely loosened, and the crane steel wire rope continuously falls by about 10 cm.

And a sixth step: electrode tightening

The operator presses the upper button of the operating handle. The motor 301 reduces the speed to rotate, drives the clamping rotating device 4, and the clamping end 4023 clamps the new electrode to rotate.

The operator can look over the moment of torsion display screen of electric box, and after the moment of torsion reached the setting value, PLC directly cut off motor power, and the operator can loosen the button (at this moment, new and old electrode has screwed up completely).

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic electrode lengthening device is characterized by comprising a base (1) for bearing, an upper guide frame (2) for guiding an electrode, a driving device (3) for providing a power source, a clamping and rotating device (4) for screwing the electrode, a compensating device (5) for adjusting a gap, a lower guide cylinder (6) for guiding the electrode and a fastening device (7) for fixing the electrode in the guide cylinder (6), wherein:

the electrode assembly comprises an upper guide frame (2), a base (1), a rotating guide wheel (204) and a lower guide frame (2), wherein the upper guide frame (2) is arranged on the base (1), the upper guide frame (2) comprises a first support (201) and a second support (202) which are arranged oppositely, a vertical guide wheel (203) is arranged at the top of the first support (201), the rotating guide wheel (204) is arranged at the top of the second support (202), and a space for passing an electrode (8) is formed between the vertical guide wheel (203) and the rotating guide wheel (204);

the driving device (3) is arranged on one side of the base (1) and drives the clamping and rotating device (4) to work through a gear; the tight rotating device (4) is arranged at the top of the compensating device (5) through a bearing, and the bottom of the compensating device (5) is arranged on the base (1); the lower guide cylinder (6) is arranged right below the upper guide frame (2).

2. The automatic electrode lengthening device according to claim 1, characterized in that said vertical guide wheel (203) comprises a first conical wheel (2031) and a second conical wheel (2032) arranged symmetrically, said rotary guide wheel (204) comprises a first circular wheel (2041) and a second circular wheel (2042) arranged symmetrically, wherein:

the rotation centers of the first conical wheel (2031) and the second conical wheel (2032) are perpendicular to the center of the electrode (8), and the side surfaces of the first conical wheel (2031) and the second conical wheel (2032) are used for leading the electrode (8) to move vertically;

the rotation centers of the first round wheel (2041) and the second round wheel (2042) are parallel to the center of the electrode (8), and the side surfaces of the first round wheel (2041) and the second round wheel (2042) are used for guiding the electrode (8) to be screwed down.

3. The automatic electrode lengthening device according to claim 2, characterized in that the bottom of the second support (202) is movably mounted on the base (1) through a sliding rail, the outer end of the sliding rail is provided with a distance adjusting device (205) for adjusting the distance between the first support (201) and the second support (202), the distance adjusting device (205) comprises a vertical plate (2051) and a screw (2052), the screw (2052) is mounted on the vertical plate (2051) through a screw hole, and the distance between the first support (201) and the second support (202) is changed by rotating the protruding length of the screw (2052).

4. The automatic electrode lengthening device according to claim 1, wherein the driving device (3) comprises a motor (301), a reducer (302) installed at the output end of the motor (301), and a driving gear (303) installed at the output end of the reducer (302), and a torque sensor (304) is further arranged on the output shaft of the reducer (302).

5. The automatic electrode lengthening device according to claim 1, characterized in that said clamping and rotating means (4) comprise an outer ring (401), a transmission arm (402) and an inner ring (403), wherein:

a gear ring (4011) is arranged outside the outer ring (401), the gear ring (4011) is in matched transmission with the driving gear (303), and a plurality of transmission notches (4012) are formed inside the outer ring (401);

the inner ring (403) and the outer ring (401) are concentrically arranged, and a clamping notch (4031) is arranged at the position, close to the transmission notch (4012), of the inner ring (403);

the rotatable installation of transmission arm (402) is on step up breach (4031), transmission arm (402) comprises transmission end (4021), mounting hole (4022) and step up end (4023), transmission end (4021) sets up inside transmission breach (4012), step up end (4023) can be under the stirring of transmission end (4021) outwards stretch out around mounting hole (4022) internal pin axle in order to step up fixed inside electrode (8).

6. The automatic electrode lengthening device of claim 1, wherein the compensation device (5) comprises a housing (501), a lifting plate (502), a guide rod (503) and a spring (504), the housing (501) is a cylindrical housing and is mounted on the base (1), the bottom of the lifting plate (502) is sleeved on the guide rod (503), the bottom of the guide rod (503) is mounted on the housing (501), and the spring (504) is sleeved on the guide rod (503) and is located between the lifting plate (502) and the housing (501).

7. The automatic electrode lengthening device according to claim 1, characterized in that said fastening means (7) comprise a driving cylinder (701), an actuator arm (702) and a collar (703) of variable diameter, wherein: the bottom of actuating cylinder (701) is installed in base (1) lower part, the rotatable one end of connecting transmission arm (702) in upper portion of actuating cylinder (701), the center of variable diameter rand (703) is connected to the other end of transmission arm (702), the rotatable installation of variable diameter rand (703) is in the side of guide cylinder (6) down, changes guide cylinder (6) inner space down through rotating variable diameter rand (703) and in order to realize the fixed of electrode (7).