CN112003457A - Device and implementation method for MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube zero-voltage switch on BUCK circuit - Google Patents
Device and implementation method for MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube zero-voltage switch on BUCK circuit Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/083—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the ignition at the zero crossing of the voltage or the current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
- H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for realizing zero voltage switching of an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube on a BUCK circuit in order to solve the problems in the prior art, and the device is characterized in that a third MOS tube, a transformer and a diode are added on the basis of the prior BUCK circuit, the third MOS tube and the transformer are connected in series to form a series circuit which is connected with the two sides of a drain electrode and a source electrode of a first MOS tube in parallel and used for realizing zero voltage switching when the first MOS tube is started; the switching loss of the MOS under the high-frequency working state is reduced, the overall power supply efficiency of the power supply system is effectively improved, and the power consumption cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of BUCK circuit design, in particular to a device for an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube zero-voltage switch on a BUCK circuit and an implementation method.
Background
The voltage adopted by the integrated device on the server is smaller than the 3.3V or 1.8V required by the normal logic circuit. In consideration of the requirement of centralized power supply, 220V ac in the power grid is usually converted into 12V dc as an input of the server power supply architecture on the whole power supply architecture, and then converted into lower voltage for the integrated circuit by using a BUCK (voltage-reducing converter) circuit. As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a basic BUCK circuit topology diagram, an anode of an input power supply is connected to a drain of a first MOS transistor Q1, one path of a source of the first MOS transistor Q1 is connected to one end of an inductor L1, the other path of the source is connected to a drain of a second MOS transistor, one path of the source of the second MOS transistor is connected to a cathode of the input power supply, one path of the source is connected to one end of an output capacitor C3, the other path of the source is connected to one end of a load, one path of the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the other end of an output capacitor C3, and the other path of the.
In the BUCK circuit, besides the inductor L1, the main loss is mainly concentrated on the conduction and switching loss of the upper/lower MOS transistors. The switching loss is mainly generated in the process of switching on and switching off the MOS tube, and along with the improvement of the switching frequency of the conventional BUCK circuit, the switching loss can be obviously increased. If the ZVS (Zero Voltage Switch) technology is adopted, the Vds Voltage of the MOS tube is reduced to 0V before the MOS tube is switched on, so that the switching loss can be effectively reduced, and the overall transmission efficiency of the BUCK circuit is improved.
In the BUCK circuit, the parasitic diode D2 of the second MOS transistor Q2 is turned on first before being turned on, so that Vds of the second MOS transistor Q2 is reduced to about 0V, and ZVS is realized when the second MOS transistor Q2 is turned on later. However, in the BUCK line, since the first MOS transistor Q1 cannot generate a freewheeling current, ZVS cannot be realized.
In order to improve the overall transmission efficiency of the BUCK line, the prior art scheme generally leaves a period of time between the turning off of the second MOS transistor Q2 and the turning on of the first MOS transistor Q1, and during the period of time, Vout is connected to a PHASE (PHASE) point, that is, two ends of an inductor are shorted, as shown in fig. 2: this brings the output voltage Vout back to the PHASE point, and then when the first MOS transistor is turned on, its two terminals Vds are Vin-Vout. Because the switching frequency is fixed, the MOS switching loss is only related to the voltage and current variation trend in the switching process. According to the method, Vds is reduced compared with the prior hard switching, and the integral of voltage and current is reduced compared with time in the whole switching process, so that the whole efficiency is improved.
However, the method of shorting the two ends of the inductor in the prior art is limited in lowering Vds when the upper tube is turned on, and the voltage of the inductor does not drop to be close to 0V. Particularly, for the server power supply architecture, Vout is generally between 3.3V and 0.9V, and Vds cannot be reduced much even if Vout is led back to the PHASE point. Therefore, the efficiency improved by the method for implementing ZVS is limited, and the requirement of a server power supply architecture cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and innovatively provides a device for switching the MOS tube on the BUCK circuit at zero voltage and an implementation method thereof, so that the problem that the MOS tube of the BUCK circuit cannot realize ZVS in the power supply of a server in the prior art is effectively solved, and the transmission efficiency of the MOS tube of the BUCK circuit is effectively improved.
The invention provides a device for MOS tube zero voltage switch on a BUCK circuit, which comprises the BUCK circuit, wherein the BUCK circuit comprises: input power supply, first MOS pipe, second MOS pipe, inductance, load, output capacitance C3, input power supply realizes voltage conversion through first MOS pipe, second MOS pipe, inductance, output capacitance C3, and first MOS pipe and second MOS pipe interval are opened or are closed, still include: the third MOS tube and the transformer are connected in series to form a series circuit which is connected with the two sides of the drain electrode and the source electrode of the first MOS tube in parallel and used for realizing zero-voltage switching when the first MOS tube is started.
Optionally, one path of a source electrode of the third MOS transistor is connected to one end of the inductor, one path is connected to the source electrode of the first MOS transistor, and the other path is connected to the drain electrode of the second MOS transistor; the drain electrode of the third MOS tube is connected with one end of the primary side of the transformer, one path of the other end of the primary side of the transformer is connected with one end of the input power supply, one path of the other end of the primary side of the transformer is connected with the drain electrode of the first MOS tube, the other path of the other end of the primary side of the transformer is connected with one end of the secondary side of the transformer, the other end of the secondary side of the transformer is connected with the cathode of the.
Optionally, the turns ratio of the transformer is 1: 1.
optionally, the transistor further comprises a controller, and a control output end of the controller is connected with the gate of the third MOS transistor.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for implementing a zero-voltage switching of an MOS transistor in a BUCK circuit, which is implemented based on the apparatus for implementing a zero-voltage switching of an MOS transistor in a BUCK circuit according to the first aspect of the present invention, and includes:
when the second MOS tube is closed, the controller controls the third MOS tube to be opened;
and detecting the opening time period of the third MOS tube after the first time period, and after the first MOS tube is opened at zero voltage, closing the third MOS tube.
Optionally, the first time period expression is:
Optionally, when the third MOS transistor is turned off, the energy stored in the transformer is fed back to the input power supply through the diode.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and after the closing time of the second MOS tube is detected to reach a second time period, the first MOS tube is closed, and the second MOS tube is opened for operation.
Further, the expression for the second time period is:
Further, after the third MOS transistor is turned on, the maximum current value borne during operation is:
The technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following technical effects:
1. the method effectively solves the problem that ZVS cannot be realized in the BUCK circuit MOS tube in the server power supply in the prior art, and effectively improves the transmission efficiency of the BUCK circuit MOS tube.
2. The switching loss of the MOS under the high-frequency working state is reduced, the overall power supply efficiency of the power supply system is effectively improved, and the power consumption cost is saved.
3. In the technical scheme of the invention, when the third MOS transistor is turned off, the transformer L2 feeds back the stored energy to the input power Vin through the diode D3, thereby further reducing the energy loss.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a BUCK circuit in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a ZVS implementation in a BUCK circuit in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of a second method embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a timing diagram of the switching operations of the first MOS transistor Q1, the second MOS transistor Q2, and the third MOS transistor Q3 according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a third embodiment of the method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly explain the technical features of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and procedures are omitted so as to not unnecessarily limit the invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention provides a device for MOS transistor zero voltage switching on a BUCK circuit, including the BUCK circuit, wherein the BUCK circuit includes: input power Vin, first MOS pipe Q1, second MOS pipe Q2, inductance L1, load 101, output capacitance C3, input power Vin realizes voltage conversion through first MOS pipe Q1, second MOS pipe Q2, inductance L1, output capacitance C3, first MOS pipe Q1 and second MOS pipe Q2 interval open or close, still include: the third MOS transistor Q3, the transformer L2, the diode D3, the third MOS transistor Q3, the transformer L2 are connected in series to form a series circuit, and are connected in parallel with both sides of the drain and the source of the first MOS transistor Q1, so that when the first MOS transistor Q1 is turned on, zero-voltage switching is realized.
One path of a source electrode of the third MOS transistor Q3 is connected with one end of the inductor L1, one path is connected with a source electrode of the first MOS transistor Q1, and the other path is connected with a drain electrode of the second MOS transistor Q2; the drain of the third MOS transistor Q3 is connected to one end of the primary side of the transformer L2, one path of the other end of the primary side of the transformer L2 is connected to one end of the input power Vin, one path is connected to the drain of the first MOS transistor Q1, the other path is connected to one end of the secondary side, the other end of the secondary side of the transformer L2 is connected to the cathode of the diode D3, and the anode of the diode D3 is connected to the other end of the input power Vin.
Specifically, the turns ratio of the transformer L2 is 1: 1.
further, in the technical scheme of the present invention, the device for switching the MOS transistor zero voltage on the BUCK circuit further includes a controller 102, wherein a first control output terminal of the controller 102 and a gate of a third MOS transistor Q3; a second control output end of the controller 102 and a gate of the first MOS transistor Q1; the third control output terminal of the controller 102 is connected to the gate of the first MOS transistor Q1. The controller 102 is used for controlling the third MOS transistor Q3 to be turned on or off.
The third MOS transistor Q3 consumes less power because it has a shorter on-time. Meanwhile, due to the existence of the transformer L2, when the third MOS transistor Q3 is turned off, the current flowing through the third MOS transistor Q3 flows back to the Vin terminal of the input power source through the secondary side of the transformer L2, thereby improving the efficiency.
When the third MOS transistor Q3 is turned on, a current flows from the end of the primary side of the transformer L2 far from the third MOS transistor. No current is generated on the secondary side of transformer L2 due to the presence of diode D3. When the third MOS transistor Q3 is turned off, the current value at the primary side of the transformer L2 is converted into magnetic field energy and transmitted to the secondary side, and at this time, current flows from the secondary side of the transformer L2 to form a loop with the input power Vin and the diode D3, so that energy is fed back to the input power Vin. Since this voltage needs to be matched to the input voltage, the L2 turns ratio should be 1: 1. The third MOS transistor Q3 has a shorter on-time, and the transformer L2 stores less energy.
The method effectively solves the problem that ZVS cannot be realized in the BUCK circuit MOS tube in the server power supply in the prior art, and effectively improves the transmission efficiency of the BUCK circuit MOS tube.
According to the technical scheme, the MOS switching loss in a high-frequency working state is reduced, the overall power supply efficiency of the power supply system is effectively improved, and the power consumption cost is saved.
In the technical scheme of the invention, when the third MOS transistor is turned off, the transformer L2 feeds back the stored energy to the input power Vin through the diode D3, thereby further reducing the energy loss.
Example two
As shown in fig. 4, the technical solution of the present invention further provides a method for implementing a zero-voltage switch of an MOS transistor in a BUCK circuit, which is implemented based on the first embodiment, and includes:
s1, when the second MOS tube is closed, the controller controls the third MOS tube to be opened;
s2, detecting the time period of the third MOS transistor after the first time period, and after the first MOS transistor is turned on at zero voltage, the third MOS transistor is turned off.
Wherein the first time period expression is:
As shown in fig. 5, t0For the second MOS transistor turn-off time (which can be set to 0), t1Is the first MOS transistor turn-on time, t2For the first MOS transistor turn-off time, the first stage (t)0～t1)，t0At this time, the second MOS transistor Q2 is turned off, and the third MOS transistor Q3 is turned on. Due to the presence of the parasitic diode in the second MOS transistor Q2, there may be a partial freewheeling current. t is t0～t1In the PHASE, as the third MOS transistor Q3 is gradually turned on, the PHASE point voltage thereof rapidly rises, the freewheeling current rapidly decreases, and the second MOS transistor Q2 is completely turned off. At the same time, t0When the PHASE point voltage starts to rise at the time, the voltage value of the parasitic capacitance between the drain and the source of the first MOS transistor Q1 starts to fall, the voltage of the parasitic capacitance of the second MOS transistor Q2 starts to rise, and the second MOS transistor Q2, the transformer L2 and the third MOS transistor Q3 form a loop.
The turn-off time of the third MOS transistor Q3 needs to be delayed by Δ t, where Δ t is a value greater than 0, and its magnitude is extremely small, and it is only guaranteed that the third MOS transistor Q1 is turned on before the turn-off of Q3. Namely, the turn-off time of the third MOS transistor Q3 is greater than the turn-on time of the first MOS transistor Q1.
t1～t2Stage (2): the first MOS transistor Q1 starts to turn on, and since the PHASE point voltage has risen to Vin, the voltage Vds at the two ends of the drain and the source of the first MOS transistor is approximately equal to 0 when the first MOS transistor is turned on, so that ZVS is realized.
Vin powers the load through inductor L1. At the same time, the third MOS transistor Q3 is turned off, and due to the action of the transformer L2, the transformer L2 feeds back the stored energy to the input power Vin via the diode D3, so as to reduce the energy loss.
Therefore, it is
Wherein T is the working period of the device of the MOS tube zero-voltage switch on the BUCK circuit, i.e. T0～t3For a complete duty cycle T.
When the third MOS tube is closed, the energy stored by the transformer is fed back to the input power supply through the diode.
In the present invention, t is0、t1、t2、t3The first time period may be monitored by the controller, or may be detected and obtained by other methods, which is not limited herein.
The method effectively solves the problem that ZVS cannot be realized in the BUCK circuit MOS tube in the server power supply in the prior art, and effectively improves the transmission efficiency of the BUCK circuit MOS tube.
According to the technical scheme, the MOS switching loss in a high-frequency working state is reduced, the overall power supply efficiency of the power supply system is effectively improved, and the power consumption cost is saved.
In the technical scheme of the invention, when the third MOS transistor is turned off, the transformer L2 feeds back the stored energy to the input power Vin through the diode D3, thereby further reducing the energy loss.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 6, the technical solution of the present invention further provides a method for implementing a zero-voltage switch of an MOS transistor in a BUCK circuit, which is implemented based on the first embodiment, and includes:
s1, when the second MOS tube is closed, the controller controls the third MOS tube to be opened;
s2, detecting the time period of the third MOS tube after the first time period, and after the first MOS tube realizes zero voltage opening, the third MOS tube is closed;
and S3, detecting that the first MOS tube is closed and the second MOS tube is opened for operation after the closing time of the second MOS tube reaches a second time period.
Wherein the expression of the second time period is:
As shown in fig. 5, t2～t3Stage (2): t is t2At the moment, the first MOS tube Q1 is closed, the parasitic diode of the second MOS tube Q2 is firstly conducted, then the second MOS tube Q2 is completely opened, and the device of the MOS tube zero-voltage switch on the BUCK circuit enters an inductor L freewheeling state. t is t3At that moment, the next duty cycle T is entered.
After the third MOS transistor Q3 is turned on, the maximum current value borne during operation is:
In the present invention, t is0、t1、t2、t3The first time period and the second time period may be obtained by monitoring through a controller, or may be obtained by detecting in other manners, which is not limited herein.
The method effectively solves the problem that ZVS cannot be realized in the BUCK circuit MOS tube in the server power supply in the prior art, and effectively improves the transmission efficiency of the BUCK circuit MOS tube.
According to the technical scheme, the MOS switching loss in a high-frequency working state is reduced, the overall power supply efficiency of the power supply system is effectively improved, and the power consumption cost is saved.
In the technical scheme of the invention, when the third MOS transistor is turned off, the transformer L2 feeds back the stored energy to the input power Vin through the diode D3, thereby further reducing the energy loss.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for MOS transistor zero voltage switching on a BUCK circuit, comprising a BUCK circuit, wherein the BUCK circuit comprises: input power, first MOS pipe, second MOS pipe, inductance, load, output capacitance C3, input power realizes voltage conversion through first MOS pipe, second MOS pipe, inductance, output capacitance C3, and first MOS pipe is opened or is closed with the second MOS pipe interval, characterized by, still includes: the third MOS tube and the transformer are connected in series to form a series circuit which is connected with the two sides of the drain electrode and the source electrode of the first MOS tube in parallel and used for realizing zero-voltage switching when the first MOS tube is started.
2. The device of the MOS transistor zero-voltage switch on the BUCK circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein one path of the source of the third MOS transistor is connected to one end of the inductor, one path is connected to the source of the first MOS transistor, and the other path is connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor; the drain electrode of the third MOS tube is connected with one end of the primary side of the transformer, one path of the other end of the primary side of the transformer is connected with one end of the input power supply, one path of the other end of the primary side of the transformer is connected with the drain electrode of the first MOS tube, the other path of the other end of the primary side of the transformer is connected with one end of the secondary side of the transformer, the other end of the secondary side of the transformer is connected with the cathode of the.
3. The device for MOS tube zero-voltage switching on BUCK circuit of claim 1, wherein the turns ratio of the transformer is 1: 1.
4. the device for switching the zero voltage of the MOS transistor in the BUCK circuit as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a controller, wherein a control output terminal of the controller is connected to a gate of the third MOS transistor.
5. A method for realizing zero-voltage switching of MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistors on a BUCK circuit is realized on the basis of the device for realizing zero-voltage switching of MOS transistors on the BUCK circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, and comprises the following steps:
when the second MOS tube is closed, the controller controls the third MOS tube to be opened;
and detecting the opening time period of the third MOS tube after the first time period, and after the first MOS tube is opened at zero voltage, closing the third MOS tube.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the first time period is expressed as:
7. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein when the third MOS transistor is turned off, the energy stored in the transformer is fed back to the input power source through the diode.
8. The method for implementing the zero-voltage MOS transistor switch in the BUCK circuit as claimed in claim 5, further comprising:
and after the closing time of the second MOS tube is detected to reach a second time period, the first MOS tube is closed, and the second MOS tube is opened for operation.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the expression of the second time period is:
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the maximum current value during operation after the third MOS transistor is turned on is:
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| CN112953211A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-11 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Voltage control method, switching circuit, storage medium, and computer program product |
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