CN111999848B - Off-axis three-mirror multispectral space remote sensing camera double-imaging-channel optical lens - Google Patents
Off-axis three-mirror multispectral space remote sensing camera double-imaging-channel optical lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN111999848B CN111999848B CN202010773493.8A CN202010773493A CN111999848B CN 111999848 B CN111999848 B CN 111999848B CN 202010773493 A CN202010773493 A CN 202010773493A CN 111999848 B CN111999848 B CN 111999848B
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- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double-imaging-channel optical lens of an off-axis three-mirror multispectral space remote sensing camera, which comprises a main frame, a light shield, a primary mirror assembly, a secondary mirror assembly, a three-mirror assembly, a right-angle beam splitting mirror assembly, a first imaging channel assembly and a second imaging channel assembly, wherein the light shield is arranged at the top of the main frame, the primary mirror assembly and the three-mirror assembly are arranged on the-Z side end face of the main frame, and the three-mirror assembly is positioned below the primary mirror assembly; the secondary mirror assembly and the right-angle spectroscope assembly are arranged on the + Z side end face of the main frame, and the secondary mirror assembly is positioned above the right-angle spectroscope assembly; the first imaging channel assembly and the second imaging channel assembly are in mirror image structural forms and are respectively fixed on the upper side and the lower side of the right-angle beam splitting mirror assembly; the invention can obtain more spectral band image information and realize the alignment precision of the sub-pixel level pixel position between the spectral bands of the two imaging channels.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a double-imaging-channel optical lens of a space remote sensing camera, belonging to the technical field of space optical remote sensors.
Background
With the progress of remote sensor application technology, especially the rapid development of photoelectric detector technology, the demands of resource remote sensing cameras on multispectral detection technology are more and more urgent. When the optical lens of the multispectral space remote sensing camera works in orbit, a plurality of spectral bands can be used for imaging the same scene at the same time, so that the multispectral space remote sensing camera can acquire the image information of the target and the spectral information of the target, and has extremely high application prospect. The multispectral detection technology can be widely applied to the aspects of resource investigation, agriculture and forestry, hydrological and geological exploration, environmental monitoring, disaster investigation, mapping and the like.
The optical lens of the off-axis camera has the characteristics of large view field, high imaging quality and the like, so that the optical lens has high application value, and the research investment on the optical lens of the off-axis multispectral camera is increased in all aerospace strong countries. However, the number of available spectrum bands of the single-chip CCD detector is very limited due to the limitations of processing technology, raw materials and the like, so that the traditional single-channel lens cannot meet the use requirement of the space remote sensing camera on the number of spectrum bands. The method of increasing the number of the collected spectral bands by adopting a plurality of optical lenses is not practical, firstly, the satellite carrying cost is high, and secondly, when the plurality of optical lenses image the same scene, the precision is not easy to guarantee, so that the later image fusion is difficult.
The optical lens of the single-channel multispectral space remote sensing camera can only be provided with a single CCD detector in the satellite push-broom direction generally, the quantity of the collected spectrum segments is limited by the CCD detector, and the performance of the space remote sensor camera is also limited. If a plurality of CCD detectors are arranged in the satellite push-broom direction of the single-channel optical lens, the volume of the focal plane assembly is inevitably increased greatly, so that the large structural thermal deformation of the focal plane assembly is caused during imaging, and the imaging quality of the space remote sensing camera is seriously reduced. Therefore, to overcome the disadvantage of the single-channel optical lens, the number of CCD detectors of the lens in the satellite push-broom direction can be increased by increasing the imaging channels of the optical lens, i.e. the so-called dual-imaging-channel optical lens. The dual-channel imaging technology has become one of the key technologies of the space remote sensing camera.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the invention can solve the problem that the spectral information variety of a target scene exceeds the number of spectral bands which can be detected by a single-channel multispectral space remote sensing camera optical lens, and provides the dual-channel multispectral space remote sensing camera optical lens which can obtain more spectral band image information and simultaneously realize the alignment precision of the sub-pixel level pixel position between the spectral bands of two imaging channels. In addition, because the total reflection type optical system is used, the optical lens has no chromatic aberration, and therefore high-quality images with richer spectral information can be acquired.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an off-axis three-mirror multispectral space remote sensing camera double-imaging-channel optical lens comprises a main frame, a light shield, a primary mirror assembly, a secondary mirror assembly, a three-mirror assembly, a right-angle beam splitting mirror assembly, a first imaging channel assembly and a second imaging channel assembly, wherein the light shield is arranged at the top of the main frame, the primary mirror assembly and the three-mirror assembly are arranged on the-Z side end face of the main frame, and the three-mirror assembly is positioned below the primary mirror assembly; the secondary mirror assembly and the right-angle spectroscope assembly are arranged on the + Z side end face of the main frame, and the secondary mirror assembly is positioned above the right-angle spectroscope assembly; the first imaging channel assembly and the second imaging channel assembly are in mirror image structural forms and are respectively fixed on the upper side and the lower side of the right-angle beam splitting mirror assembly;
light rays are incident from the light shield, and are reflected to the secondary mirror assembly through the primary mirror assembly after being irradiated onto the primary mirror assembly, and then are reflected to the three-mirror assembly through the secondary mirror assembly; then the light is reflected to a right-angle spectroscope component by a three-mirror component; finally, the light is split into two imaging channels at an angle of 180 degrees along the X direction by a right-angle beam splitter assembly and enters a first imaging channel assembly and a second imaging channel assembly.
The main frame is of a box-type structure and is cast by titanium alloy.
The light shield is made of a Kevlar composite material plate, an annular light barrier sheet is arranged on the inner wall of the optical fiber inlet end, stray light eliminating black paint is sprayed on the inner surface, and the reflection coefficient is less than 5%.
The main mirror assembly comprises a main mirror and a main mirror frame, and the main mirror is fixed in the main mirror frame through a supporting structure; the primary mirror is a quadruplicate oblate spherical surface.
The secondary mirror assembly comprises a secondary mirror and a secondary mirror frame, the secondary mirror frame is an annular frame, and the secondary mirror is bonded inside the secondary mirror frame through optical cement; the secondary mirror is a secondary convex ellipsoid surface.
The three-mirror assembly comprises three mirrors and three mirror frames, and the three mirrors are fixed inside the three mirror frames through a supporting structure; the three mirrors are quadruply oblate spheres.
The right-angle spectroscope assembly comprises a support frame, a right-angle spectroscope and a focusing mechanism, wherein the support frame is a square shell with an opening on one side surface, and the focusing mechanism is fixed inside the support frame; the right-angle spectroscope is a plane mirror and is connected to the focusing mechanism through optical cement; the right-angle spectroscope is driven by the focusing mechanism to move back and forth along the Y direction, and the synchronous adjustment of the focal lengths of the two imaging channels is realized.
The main mirror frame, the three mirror frames, the support frame, the secondary mirror frame and the supporting structure are all made of titanium alloy.
The primary mirror, the secondary mirror and the tertiary mirror are all made of microcrystalline materials, and the right-angle spectroscope is made of silicon carbide materials.
The first imaging channel assembly and the second imaging channel assembly are respectively adjusted in position in three directions X, Y, Z: the optimal transfer function of each spectral band of the two imaging channels is realized by moving and adjusting the focal plane positions of the first imaging channel assembly and the second imaging channel assembly in the X direction; the relative position relationship between the first imaging channel assembly and the second imaging channel assembly is adjusted by moving in the Y direction to realize sub-pixel level alignment of pixel positions among all spectral bands in an optical space, so that the fusion precision of images is ensured; the viewing angle of the first imaging channel assembly and the second imaging channel assembly is adjusted in a moving mode in the Z direction, so that the position of the viewing field where each spectral band is located is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention realizes the mode of optical lens dual-channel imaging of the off-axis multispectral space remote sensing camera, solves the problem that the variety of the spectral information of the target scenery exceeds the number of spectral bands which can be detected by a single off-axis optical lens, and has important significance for the application and development of resource surveying remote sensing cameras.
(2) The double-imaging-channel optical lens increases the number of CCD detectors of the camera in the satellite push-scanning direction by adding one imaging channel, thereby collecting more image information of multispectral spectral bands, being beneficial to engineering realization and saving cost.
(3) The lens of the invention adopts a three-reflection off-axis holophote type optical system, and has the advantages of large width, no chromatic aberration, compact structure and good image quality.
(4) The two imaging channel assemblies in the invention can realize position adjustment along X, Y, Z in three directions to ensure the imaging quality of the optical lens. The lens adopts a horizontal installation mode, and the right-angle spectroscope and the imaging channel assembly are positioned below the light shield, so that the lens is compact in structure and convenient to install, adjust and test.
(5) The two imaging channel assemblies adopt mirror image structures, and the relative spatial position relationship of the two imaging channel assemblies can be adjusted to ensure that the spatial pixel positions along the CCD detector along the linear array direction have sub-pixel level alignment precision, so that the later image fusion is facilitated, and the higher imaging quality is ensured.
(6) According to the double-channel optical lens, the two imaging channels are arranged below the lens hood, the lens structure is compact, and the space utilization rate is greatly improved.
(7) The double-channel optical lens is suitable for an off-axis total reflection mirror type optical system and has a wide application range. The lens is convenient to assemble and adjust, easy to disassemble and high in practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an optical lens of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a coordinate system diagram of a dual imaging channel optical lens of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view showing the construction of the primary mirror assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the construction of the secondary mirror assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view of the construction of a three mirror assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a right angle beam splitter assembly according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is an optical path diagram of an optical lens in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the optical lens of the present invention adopts an off-axis total reflection optical system, an included angle between an incident light and a main optical axis is 4 to 5.65 °, and a working temperature is 20 ± 1.5 ℃, and includes a main frame 1, a light shield 2, a main mirror assembly 3, a secondary mirror assembly 4, a tertiary mirror assembly 5, a right-angle spectroscope assembly 6, a first imaging channel assembly 7 and a second imaging channel assembly 8, wherein the first imaging channel assembly 7 and the second imaging channel assembly 8 are mirror images and are respectively fixed on the upper side and the lower side of the right-angle spectroscope assembly 6;
FIG. 2 is a coordinate system diagram of a dual imaging channel optical lens of the present invention; the Z axis is along the longitudinal direction of the main frame 1 and points to the inlet end of the light shield 2 in the positive direction; the X axis is vertically upward and is vertical to the bottom surface of the light shield 2; the Y axis and the X axis and the Y axis meet the right hand rule.
The main frame 1 belongs to a box-type structure and is formed by casting titanium alloy, the whole frame is compact in structure and has good mechanical property, no assembly stress exists in the frame, requirements such as the distance between mirrors are easy to meet, the camera assembly and debugging test is facilitated, and a stable supporting surface can be provided for a reflector assembly. the-Z side of the main frame 1 provides mounting surfaces for the primary mirror assembly 3 and the tertiary mirror assembly 5, and the + Z side of the main frame 1 provides mounting surfaces for the secondary mirror assembly 4 and the right-angle spectroscope assembly 6. The primary mirror assembly 3 and the three-mirror assembly 5 are arranged on the-Z side end face of the main frame 1, and the three-mirror assembly 5 is positioned below the primary mirror assembly 3; secondary mirror subassembly 4 and right angle spectroscope subassembly 6 are installed on the + Z side terminal surface of main frame 1, and secondary mirror subassembly 4 is located right angle spectroscope subassembly 6 top.
The light shield 2 is arranged at the top of the main frame 1, is integrally formed and manufactured by a Kevlar composite material plate, is provided with an annular light barrier sheet on the inner wall of the front end, is sprayed with stray light eliminating black paint on the inner surface, and has a reflection coefficient less than 5 percent;
As shown in fig. 3, the primary mirror assembly 3 includes a primary mirror 9 and a primary mirror frame 10, and the primary mirror 9 is fixed inside the primary mirror frame 10 by a support structure.
As shown in fig. 4, the secondary mirror assembly 4 includes a secondary mirror 11 and a secondary mirror frame 12, and the secondary mirror 11 is bonded inside the secondary mirror frame 12 by an optical adhesive.
As shown in fig. 5, the triple mirror assembly 5 includes a triple mirror 13 and a triple mirror frame 14, and the triple mirror 13 is fixed inside the triple mirror frame 14 by a support structure.
As shown in fig. 6, the right-angle spectroscope assembly 6 includes a support frame 15, a right-angle spectroscope 16 and a focusing mechanism 17, the focusing mechanism 17 is fixed inside the support frame 15, the right-angle spectroscope 16 is bonded to the focusing mechanism 17 through an optical adhesive, and the right-angle spectroscope 16 can move back and forth along the Y direction by being driven by the focusing mechanism 17, so as to realize the synchronous adjustment of the focal lengths of the two imaging channels;
the main mirror frame 10, the three-mirror frame 14 and the support frame 15 are made of titanium alloy by casting. The secondary mirror frame 12 is formed by machining titanium alloy. The main supporting structure is made of titanium alloy materials, the thermal expansion coefficients are consistent, and thermal stress is eliminated.
The primary mirror 9, the secondary mirror 11 and the tertiary mirror 13 are all made of microcrystalline materials, and the right-angle spectroscope 16 is made of silicon carbide materials. The main mirror 9 and the three mirrors 13 are quadrate oblate spherical surfaces. The secondary mirror 11 is a secondary convex ellipsoid. The right angle beam splitter 16 is a flat mirror.
As shown in fig. 7, the optical path of the optical lens in the present invention is as follows: after light enters the camera from the light shield 2, the light is reflected by the primary mirror 9, the secondary mirror 11 and the third mirror 13, and finally the light is divided into two imaging channels forming an angle of 180 degrees along the X direction by two mutually vertical mirror surfaces of the right-angle spectroscope 16. Each channel corresponds to an imaging channel assembly provided with a TDICCD imaging device.
The two imaging channel assemblies adopting mirror image structures can be subjected to position adjustment in three directions X, Y, Z respectively. The optimal transfer function of each spectral band of the two imaging channels is realized by moving and adjusting the focal plane positions of the first imaging channel assembly 7 and the second imaging channel assembly 8 in the X direction; the relative position relationship between the first imaging channel assembly 7 and the second imaging channel assembly 8 is adjusted by moving in the Y direction to realize sub-pixel level alignment of pixel positions among all spectral bands in an optical space, so that the fusion precision of images is ensured; the viewing angle of the first imaging channel assembly 7 and the second imaging channel assembly 8 is adjusted by moving in the Z direction, so that the position of the viewing field of each spectral band is realized.
The lens is assembled, adjusted, tested and operated at 20 ℃.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.
Claims (7)
1. The off-axis three-mirror multispectral space remote sensing camera double-imaging-channel optical lens is characterized by comprising a main frame (1), a light shield (2), a main mirror assembly (3), a secondary mirror assembly (4), a three-mirror assembly (5), a right-angle beam splitting mirror assembly (6), a first imaging channel assembly (7) and a second imaging channel assembly (8), wherein the light shield (2) is installed at the top of the main frame (1), the main mirror assembly (3) and the three-mirror assembly (5) are installed on the-Z side end face of the main frame (1), and the three-mirror assembly (5) is located below the main mirror assembly (3); the secondary mirror assembly (4) and the right-angle spectroscope assembly (6) are arranged on the end face of the positive Z side of the main frame (1), and the secondary mirror assembly (4) is positioned above the right-angle spectroscope assembly (6); the first imaging channel assembly (7) and the second imaging channel assembly (8) are in mirror image structure forms and are respectively fixed on the upper side and the lower side of the right-angle beam splitting mirror assembly (6);
light rays are incident from the light shield (2), and after being irradiated onto the primary mirror assembly (3), the light rays are reflected onto the secondary mirror assembly (4) through the primary mirror assembly (3), and then are reflected onto the tertiary mirror assembly (5) through the secondary mirror assembly (4); then the light is reflected to a right-angle spectroscope component (6) through a three-mirror component (5); finally, the light is divided into two imaging channels with 180 degrees along the X direction by a right-angle spectroscope component (6) and enters a first imaging channel component (7) and a second imaging channel component (8);
The main frame (1) is of a box-type structure and is cast by titanium alloy;
the light shield (2) is made of a Kevlar composite material plate, an annular light barrier sheet is arranged on the inner wall of the inlet end of the optical fiber, stray light eliminating black paint is sprayed on the inner surface of the annular light barrier sheet, and the reflection coefficient is less than 5%;
the right-angle beam splitter component (6) comprises a support frame (15), a right-angle beam splitter (16) and a focusing mechanism (17), the support frame (15) is a square shell with an opening on one side, and the focusing mechanism (17) is fixed inside the support frame (15); the right-angle spectroscope (16) is a plane mirror and is connected to the focusing mechanism (17) through optical cement; the right-angle spectroscope (16) is driven by a focusing mechanism (17) to move back and forth along the Y direction, so that the synchronous adjustment of the focal lengths of the two imaging channels is realized.
2. An off-axis three-reflector multispectral space remote sensing camera dual-imaging-channel optical lens as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the primary mirror assembly (3) comprises a primary mirror (9) and a primary mirror frame (10), the primary mirror (9) is fixed inside the primary mirror frame (10) through a supporting structure; the main mirror (9) is a quadrate oblate sphere.
3. An off-axis three-mirror multispectral space remote sensing camera double-imaging-channel optical lens as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the secondary mirror assembly (4) comprises a secondary mirror (11) and a secondary mirror frame (12), the secondary mirror frame (12) is an annular frame, and the secondary mirror (11) is bonded inside the secondary mirror frame (12) through optical cement; the secondary mirror (11) is a secondary convex ellipsoid surface.
4. An off-axis three-mirror multispectral space remote sensing camera double-imaging-channel optical lens as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the three-mirror assembly (5) comprises a three-mirror (13) and a three-mirror frame (14), wherein the three-mirror (13) is fixed inside the three-mirror frame (14) through a supporting structure; the three mirrors (13) are four oblate spherical surfaces.
5. An off-axis three-mirror multispectral space remote sensing camera double-imaging-channel optical lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main lens frame (10), the three lens frame (14), the support frame (15), the secondary lens frame (12) and the support structure are made of titanium alloy.
6. An off-axis three-mirror multispectral space remote sensing camera double-imaging-channel optical lens as claimed in claim 5, wherein the primary mirror (9), the secondary mirror (11) and the tertiary mirror (13) are all made of microcrystalline materials, and the right-angle spectroscope (16) is made of silicon carbide materials.
7. An off-axis three-reflector multispectral remote spatial sensing camera dual-imaging-channel optical lens as claimed in claim 6, wherein the first imaging channel component (7) and the second imaging channel component (8) are respectively adjusted in position in X, Y, Z: the optimal spectral transfer function of each spectral band of the two imaging channels is realized by moving and adjusting the focal plane positions of the first imaging channel assembly (7) and the second imaging channel assembly (8) in the X direction; the relative position relationship between the first imaging channel component (7) and the second imaging channel component (8) is adjusted through moving in the Y direction to realize sub-pixel level alignment of pixel positions among all spectral bands in an optical space, and the fusion precision of images is ensured; the viewing angle of the first imaging channel assembly (7) and the second imaging channel assembly (8) is adjusted by moving in the Z direction, so that the viewing field position of each spectral band is realized.
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