CN104614320A - Total reflection type hyperspectral imaging observation system - Google Patents
Total reflection type hyperspectral imaging observation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104614320A CN104614320A CN201410828217.1A CN201410828217A CN104614320A CN 104614320 A CN104614320 A CN 104614320A CN 201410828217 A CN201410828217 A CN 201410828217A CN 104614320 A CN104614320 A CN 104614320A
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- grating
- spherical reflector
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- reflection mirror
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Abstract
The invention discloses a total reflection type hyperspectral imaging observation system. The total reflection type hyperspectral imaging observation system comprises a lens, a slit component, a plane reflection mirror, a front spherical reflection mirror M1, an optical grating M2, a rear spherical reflection mirror M3, and a charge coupled device (CCD) camera, wherein the lens transmits optical signals to the slit component, and the included angle of the incident ray of the slit component and the horizontal direction is a preset value phi; the slit component transmits the optical signals to the plane reflection mirror; the plane reflection mirror transmits the optical signals to the front spherical reflection mirror M1, and the incident angle of the front spherical reflection mirror M1 is a preset value theta 1; the front spherical reflection mirror M1 transmits the optical signals to the optical grating M2, the incident angle of the optical grating M2 is theta 2, and the reflection angle of the optical grating M2 is theta 2'; the optical grating M2 transmits the optical signals to the rear spherical reflection mirror M3, and the incident angle of the rear spherical reflection mirror M3 is a preset value theta 3; the rear spherical reflection mirror M3 transmits the optical signals to the CCD camera, and the included angle of the photoreception plane of the CCD camera and the horizontal direction is a preset value phi' M.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, be specifically related to a kind of total-reflection type imaging EO-1 hyperion recording geometry.
Background technology
Along with the application of satellite remote sensing technology in agricultural production progressively expands, the Real-Time Monitoring of crop growth conditions can be carried out to the variation of spectral characteristic according to coercions such as the spectral characteristic differences of crop, particularly fertilizer, water.Satellite remote sensing observation can cover implementation space continuously, but due to the Pixel domain resolution of satellite remote sensing observation lower, obtain so satellite remote sensing observation is difficult to applicable farmland accurate information.
There is the agriculture imaging EO-1 hyperion that spectral resolution is high, wave band continuity strong, spectral information amount is large, can obtain the features such as crop imaging spectral information continuously in the development of agricultural remote sensing quantification, show huge application potential.The airborne imaging EO-1 hyperion system represented with external AVIRIS, HyMap, CASI and domestic PHI, OMIS etc. has been tending towards ripe, but also there is the high problem of data acquisition cost in precision agriculture application.
Therefore in the urgent need to developing the near low hollow panel imaging EO-1 hyperion Crop Information detection method of applicable field yardstick.It is convenient flexibly and fast that unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology has operation, the many advantages such as platform construction, maintenance and operating cost are low, but Small and micro-satellite load is little, improvement must be optimized to existing imaging EO-1 hyperion, make the whole system dimension of spectrum observation system and Weight control in unmanned plane load range.
At present, because imaging EO-1 hyperion covers wavelength coverage extensively, containing much information of acquisition, is applied in multiple country, but lightweight, small size, can be mounted in total-reflection type imaging EO-1 hyperion Small and micro-satellite obtaining bulk information and substantially be in space state.The Hyperspec@UV imaging EO-1 hyperion that HeadWall company of the U.S. produces can obtain the spectral information within the scope of 250 ~ 600nm, and result of study shows, plant is more obvious for the reflectance spectrum diversity ratio visible light wave range (390 ~ 780nm) of near-infrared band (700nm ~ 2500nm), and due to its quality comparatively large (3kg), be not therefore suitable for operation on Small and micro-satellite; The spectral range that the CASI-1500VNIR airborne imaging EO-1 hyperion of Canada ITres company designs manufacture obtains is 380-1050nm, has 288 wave bands, but quality large (3kg), obtain data bits lower (12-bit); SOC company of the U.S. produces
hS spectrum observation system can obtain spectral information within the scope of 400 ~ 1000nm, but there is spectral resolution low (4.69nm) equally, quality large (3kg), the deficiencies such as wave band few (128).
It is large all to there is quality and size in existing domestic and international most of imaging EO-1 hyperion, and spectral resolution or wave band wait not enough less, lacks and possesses quality and the sensor of the plurality of advantages such as size is little, spectral resolution is high, wave band number is many, image data figure place height simultaneously.
What existing ground non-imaged spectrum observation system obtained is the inner canopy mixed spectra in observation visual field, cannot realize crop spectral information on a large scale and rapidly and efficiently obtain.The quality of existing imaging EO-1 hyperion and size greatly, are difficult to be mounted on Small and micro-satellite platform.The wavelength cover of existing small-sized imaging EO-1 hyperion is narrow, and wave band number is few, and spectral resolution is low, is difficult to the demand meeting the research of vegetation SPECTRAL DIVERSITY.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is that prior art cannot be target carrying platform with Small and micro-satellite and cannot meet the problem that large area obtains the demand of atural object Imaging Hyperspectral Data information.
For this purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of total-reflection type imaging EO-1 hyperion recording geometry, and described system comprises: camera lens, slit assembly, plane mirror, preposition spherical reflector M1, grating M2, rearmounted spherical reflector M3, charge coupled cell CCD camera;
Described camera lens is by optical signal transmission to described slit assembly, and the incident ray of described slit assembly and the angle of horizontal direction are preset value
Described slit assembly by optical signal transmission to described plane mirror;
Described plane mirror is by optical signal transmission to described preposition spherical reflector M1, and the incident angle of described preposition spherical reflector M1 is preset value θ
1;
Described preposition spherical reflector M1 is by optical signal transmission to described grating M2, and the incident angle of described grating M2 is preset value θ
2, reflection angle is preset value θ
2';
Described grating M2 is by optical signal transmission to described rearmounted spherical reflector M3, and the incident angle of described rearmounted spherical reflector M3 is preset value θ
3;
Described rearmounted spherical reflector M3 is by optical signal transmission to described CCD camera, and the sensitized lithography of described CCD camera and horizontal direction angle are preset value
Optionally, described grating M2 is convex refractive formula grating.
Optionally, the line density of described grating M2 is 300 ~ 400l/mm.
Optionally, the base radius of described grating M2 is R
2for 40mm.
Optionally, the focal plane longitudinal size h of described CCD camera
specfor 6.7mm.
Optionally, the focal plane of described CCD camera is of a size of 9 × h
spec.
Optionally, the spherical radius R of described preposition spherical reflector M1
1for 71mm.
Optionally, the spherical radius R of described rearmounted spherical reflector M3
3for 71mm.
Compared to prior art, total-reflection type imaging EO-1 hyperion recording geometry of the present invention, take Small and micro-satellite as target carrying platform, adopt density and all less aluminium of quality as recording geometry device agent structure material, integrated power supply interface and data output interface are in one, designing quality and size little, spectral resolution is high, spectral coverage is wide, wave band number mainly with and image data figure place high, wherein, quality and the little (898g of size, 115 × 97 × 75mm^3), spectral coverage wide (400 ~ 900nm), resolution high (2nm), wave band number and high (250 wave bands of data acquisition figure place, 16bit data bit), not only power supply interface and data acquisition interface are integrated in one, and be integrated with inertial navigation system, can synchronous acquisition POS (Positionand Orientation System, comprise longitude and latitude, elevation, roll angle, the angle of pitch, crab angle etc.) information, easy to use, be well positioned to meet the demand that large area obtains atural object Imaging Hyperspectral Data information.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows a kind of total-reflection type imaging EO-1 hyperion recording geometry structural drawing;
Fig. 2 shows a kind of total-reflection type imaging EO-1 hyperion recording geometry optical schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 shows a kind of total-reflection type imaging EO-1 hyperion recording geometry dimensional structure figure;
Fig. 4 shows high-pass filter transmittance graph schematic diagram.
Embodiment
For making the object of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment discloses a kind of total-reflection type imaging EO-1 hyperion recording geometry, and described system comprises: camera lens, slit assembly, plane mirror, preposition spherical reflector M1, grating M2, rearmounted spherical reflector M3, charge coupled cell CCD camera.In the present embodiment, grating M2 is convex refractive formula grating.
The total-reflection type imaging EO-1 hyperion recording geometry of the present embodiment adopts alumina based material as recording geometry device shell, and both met the requirement that quality is light, and in turn ensure that the strength and stiffness of recording geometry device entirety, the recording geometry amount of thinking highly of that final design goes out is 898g.The total-reflection type imaging EO-1 hyperion recording geometry dimensional structure figure of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 3.
As shown in Figure 2, preposition spherical reflector M1 spherical radius is R
1, incident angle is θ
1, convex refractive formula grating M
2base radius R2=40mm, incident angle is θ
2, reflection angle is θ
2', rearmounted mirror M 3 spherical radius is R
3, incident angle is θ
3, O point is slit module position, I
mfor CCD receiving optical signals window, X, Z are respectively horizontal and vertical axis of orientation,
be respectively slit assembly incident ray, CCD sensitized lithography and horizontal direction axle X-axis angle, ccd detector focal plane is of a size of 9 × 6.7mm, and the order of diffraction time m=1, spectral range 400 ~ 900nm, by formula R
2=h
spec/ (mn Δ λ), obtaining grid stroke density is 300 ~ 400l/mm, h
specfor ccd detector focal plane longitudinal size (i.e. 6.7mm), Δ λ is spectral range, optimizes through meridian sagitta of arc focusing curve, and selected grid stroke density is 400l/mm (unit: number of lines every millimeter).
System calculates (F is aperture size) by F=2.5, is calculated the spherical radius of spherical reflector M1, M3: R by the optimization of meridian sagitta of arc focusing curve
1=70.48mm, R
3=70.69mm.
Consider the interference problem of spherical reflector in actual application, the final spherical radius therefore designing two pieces of spherical reflectors is R
1=71mm, R
3=71mm.Optimize the incident angle of convex grating, obtain final systematic parameter (in table, α, β are respectively incident angle and emergence angle) as shown in the table:
Imaging spectral recording geometry optical system parameter result after table 1. optimization
The incident angle of each optical element of table 2. different wave length and emergence angle
The camera lens selected in the present embodiment is Edmund 25mm CFF VIS-NIR LENS, Aperture Range is f/1.4-f/17, focal distance f=25mm, focal plane size 8.7mm, camera lens acceptance angle is FOV=19.8 °, slit width is 0.02mm, slit length 6mm, instantaneous field of view angle IFOV=2*asin [sin (FOV/2) * 0.02/6] the ≈ 1.15mrad of system.
Higher hamonic wave problem is all there is in general grating spectrum recording geometry, in the scope selected, there is the problem that 400 ~ 450nm wave band pollutes 800 ~ 900nm, for solving higher hamonic wave pollution problem, need to select suitable high-pass filtering sheet, select the NT47-615 high-pass filter of Edmund company through investigation, its transmittance graph as shown in Figure 4, can find out that the transmissivity of this optical filter at more than 450nm wavelength is more than 90%, meets design requirement.
In the present embodiment, total-reflection type imaging spectral recording geometry is that line pushes away and sweeps working method, and planar array detector selects Lumenera Cameras Lt365R, and the focal plane size of this detector is about 2/3 inch.Pixel size is 6.45 μm, CCD pixel count is 2.8Megapixel, wherein space dimension 1936 pixels, spectrum ties up 1456 pixels, the maximum frame rate of CCD is 53fps, the highest sampling resolution 250 wave band of spectrum dimension, corresponding spectral resolution 2nm, data acquisition interface and the unification of equipment power supply interface are USB3.0 interface.
Spectrum observation system data acquisition device is the small computer that win 7 operating system is housed, main configuration: 120G solid state hard disc, 2 USB3.0 interfaces, CPU frequency is 2.5GHz, 2GB internal memory, spectrum observation system data acquisition device is installed spectrum data gathering software and be responsible for collection high-spectral data and POS data specially, according to CCD, Spectral dimension, space dimensionality, time shutter, gain etc. are set, software divides 3 kinds of mode of operations, note space dimension is X, and spectrum dimension is Y, then have X*Y, (X/2) * (Y/4), 3 kinds of patterns such as (X/4) * (Y/4); Simultaneously, while software often gathers a vertical frame dimension spectroscopic data synchronous acquisition one group of inertial navigation system POS information (comprise longitude and latitude, highly, the angle of pitch (PITCH), crab angle (YAW), roll angle (ROLL)), for later stage Hyperspectral imaging geometry correction and splicing provide data supporting.
The present embodiment makes full use of the high feature of total-reflection type grating beam splitting performance, the optical texture that property compact to design is strong, substantially reduce the volume of spectrometer, aluminium prepared material is as shell simultaneously, reduce spectrometer own wt to a great extent, present embodiments provide to push away with the small-sized unmanned plane complete set that is target carrying platform and sweep type imaging spectrometer system scheme, comprise the small-sized hyperspectral imager of design, high-spectral data and POS data synchronously obtain interface and merge, and data acquisition, treatment and analysis, use the high precision POS information EO-1 hyperion corrected accessed by EO-1 hyperion instrument to push away and sweep image.
The total-reflection type imaging EO-1 hyperion recording geometry that the present embodiment proposes can solve non-imaged spectrometer can not the problem of Continuous Observation, solve existing hyperspectral imager quality simultaneously and volume large, carry large area on Small and micro-satellite cannot obtain the problem of imaging spectral information, and system, and cost is low, easy to operate, safety, efficiency are high.
Compared with existing imaging EO-1 hyperion instrument, the total-reflection type imaging EO-1 hyperion recording geometry that the present embodiment proposes is at volume, quality, light spectrum image-forming and have good effect in the strong and weak induction of different-waveband illumination, and the parameter that final design goes out is as shown in table 3 respectively:
Table 3
| Quality (g) | 890 | Volume size (mm) | 115×97×75^3 |
| Wavelength cover (nm) | 400-900 | Spectral band number (individual) | 250 |
| Spectral resolution (nm) | 2 | Frame frequency (full picture) (lines/s) | 53 |
| Slit width (μm) | 20 | Lens focus (mm) | 25mm |
| Field angle (degree) | 19.8 | Position dark (bit) | 16 |
| CCD focal plane resolution (number of pixels) | 1936*1456 | Working method | Line pushes away to be swept |
Although describe embodiments of the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings, but those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, such amendment and modification all fall into by within claims limited range.
Claims (8)
1. a total-reflection type imaging EO-1 hyperion recording geometry, is characterized in that, described system comprises: camera lens, slit assembly, plane mirror, preposition spherical reflector M1, grating M2, rearmounted spherical reflector M3, charge coupled cell CCD camera;
Described camera lens is by optical signal transmission to described slit assembly, and the incident ray of described slit assembly and the angle of horizontal direction are preset value
Described slit assembly by optical signal transmission to described plane mirror;
Described plane mirror is by optical signal transmission to described preposition spherical reflector M1, and the incident angle of described preposition spherical reflector M1 is preset value θ
1;
Described preposition spherical reflector M1 is by optical signal transmission to described grating M2, and the incident angle of described grating M2 is preset value θ
2, reflection angle is preset value θ
2';
Described grating M2 is by optical signal transmission to described rearmounted spherical reflector M3, and the incident angle of described rearmounted spherical reflector M3 is preset value θ
3;
Described rearmounted spherical reflector M3 by optical signal transmission to described CCD camera, described in
The sensitized lithography of CCD camera and horizontal direction angle are preset value
2. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described grating M2 is convex refractive formula grating.
3. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the line density of described grating M2 is 300 ~ 400l/mm.
4. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the base radius of described grating M2 is R
2for 40mm.
5. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the focal plane longitudinal size h of described CCD camera
specfor 6.7mm.
6. system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the focal plane of described CCD camera is of a size of 9 × h
spec.
7. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the spherical radius R of described preposition spherical reflector M1
1for 71mm.
8. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the spherical radius R of described rearmounted spherical reflector M3
3for 71mm.
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| CN201410828217.1A CN104614320A (en) | 2014-12-25 | 2014-12-25 | Total reflection type hyperspectral imaging observation system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105527969A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-27 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 | Mountain vegetation vertical zone investigation monitoring method based on UAV |
| CN107765261A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-03-06 | 常熟市浙大紫金光电技术研究中心 | All band three-dimensional EO-1 hyperion laser radar |
| CN110108360A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-09 | 长光禹辰信息技术与装备(青岛)有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of convex grating imaging spectrograph |
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| US6266140B1 (en) * | 1998-04-29 | 2001-07-24 | American Holographic, Inc. | Corrected concentric spectrometer |
| CN102435562A (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2012-05-02 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | System and method for quickly monitoring two-dimensional distribution of airborne atmospheric trace gases |
| CN103604498A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-02-26 | 上海理工大学 | Broad-spectrum light-splitting system for Offner imaging spectrometer |
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2014
- 2014-12-25 CN CN201410828217.1A patent/CN104614320A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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| US6266140B1 (en) * | 1998-04-29 | 2001-07-24 | American Holographic, Inc. | Corrected concentric spectrometer |
| US6100974A (en) * | 1998-09-15 | 2000-08-08 | California Institute Of Technology | Imaging spectrometer/camera having convex grating |
| CN102435562A (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2012-05-02 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | System and method for quickly monitoring two-dimensional distribution of airborne atmospheric trace gases |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105527969A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-27 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 | Mountain vegetation vertical zone investigation monitoring method based on UAV |
| CN105527969B (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2018-07-06 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 | A kind of mountain garden belt investigation and monitoring method based on unmanned plane |
| CN107765261A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-03-06 | 常熟市浙大紫金光电技术研究中心 | All band three-dimensional EO-1 hyperion laser radar |
| CN110108360A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-09 | 长光禹辰信息技术与装备(青岛)有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of convex grating imaging spectrograph |
| EP3971542A4 (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2023-07-12 | Yusense Information Technology and Equipment (Qingdao) Inc. | Manufacturing method of imaging spectrometer having convex grating |
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Application publication date: 20150513 |