CN104932083B - A kind of large area array dynamic monitor and measurement camera optical system - Google Patents
A kind of large area array dynamic monitor and measurement camera optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104932083B CN104932083B CN201510319591.3A CN201510319591A CN104932083B CN 104932083 B CN104932083 B CN 104932083B CN 201510319591 A CN201510319591 A CN 201510319591A CN 104932083 B CN104932083 B CN 104932083B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/04—Reversed telephoto objectives
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
- G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
- G02B13/0045—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having five or more lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/06—Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/22—Telecentric objectives or lens systems
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of large area array dynamic monitor and measurement camera optical system, it is made up of altogether radiation proof window glass, 12 spherical lenses and large area array receiving device.Mapping target emanation light beam full of optical system entrance pupil enters optical system through radiation proof window, and using the anti-long distance structural shape of approximate telecentric beam path, low distortion, high illumination image information are obtained at focal plane.This optical system uses approximate telecentric optical system, i.e., each visual field outgoing chief ray angle less parallel, Γ ≈ 0.1；Realize that design passes and low distortion, high illumination requirement are ensure that while letter reaches diffraction limit.The present invention has the advantages that wide-angle, approximate telecentricity, low distortion, relative illumination is good, engineering exploitativeness is high, mechanical-optical setup integrated level height, thermal adaptability are good, by the reasonably optimizing of four lens group focal powers, can be achieved to be imaged the large format of object scene, high-resolution and image sensors' uniformity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to space optical remote sensor technical field, is related to a kind of face battle array wide-angle surveillance camera applied to space
Reality of the optical imaging system under the conditions of transmission-type, big visual field, approximate telecentricity, high relative illumination, low distortion and high imaging quality
Existing method.
Background technology
Flake imaging optical system is a kind of optical system of big view field imaging, and it is incomparable can to obtain common lens
Scene domain, its application gradually expand to the fields such as space flight deep space background detection process monitoring from special photograph field.
According to Aberration Theory, the distortion of optical system is the aberration relevant with visual field, and the relative illumination of image planes then with
The angle cosine value of peripheral field chief ray incident to image planes is in biquadratic relation, to general optical system, angle enlargement ratio
Less, therefore, flake imaging system usually has larger distortion and relatively low relative illumination, greatly reduces the imaging of system
Quality and signal to noise ratio.
Early in the last century 20's, R.W.Wood has just had begun to the research to flake imaging system, from last century
The sixties, fish eye lens have obtained the development of unprecedented high speed, many novel and high quality camera lenses occur.Wherein NIKON
A kind of 180 ° of visual field of design, F/2.8, focal length 16mm fish eye lens are widely applied in photography industry.
The fish eye lens that has been applied successfully is mostly civil area at present, as matter requires relatively low, use environment also without
Special character, it there is no successfully the flake imaging system of in-orbit application.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that it is：Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of large area array dynamic surveillance is surveyed
Camera optical system is measured, solves the transmission-type of face battle array wide-angle surveillance camera applied to space, big visual field, approximate telecentricity, height
The problem that relative illumination, low distortion and high imaging quality are realized simultaneously.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of large area array dynamic monitor and measurement camera optical system, including the first lens group,
Second lens group, the 3rd lens group, the 4th lens group, large area array focal plane detector part；Target emanation light beam full of entrance pupil enters
Enter optical system, by the first lens group and second group of lens group adjustment target emanation beam size, fill target emanation light beam
The diaphragm being completely positioned over after second group of lens group, pass through three lens cluster group and the 4th group from the target emanation light beam of diaphragm outgoing
After lens group, system angle enlargement ratio Γ to 0.2, wherein Γ=ω are adjusted2/ω1, ω1For optical system edge chief ray incident
Angle, ω2For the angle on optical system edge chief ray incident to large area array focal plane detector part, finally in large area array focal plane
Sensitive detection parts are imaged.
First lens group includes a piece of aspherical bent moon negative lens, a piece of aspherical bent moon negative lens and a piece of sphere
Bent moon positive lens, wherein the material of aspherical bent moon negative lens is crown glass, the material of aspherical bent moon negative lens is flint
Glass.
Second lens group includes a piece of sphere bent moon positive lens, a piece of sphere bent moon negative lens and a piece of sphere bent moon
Negative lens, the wherein material of sphere bent moon positive lens are crown glass, and the material of sphere bent moon negative lens is flint glass.
3rd lens group includes a piece of sphere biconvex positive lens, a piece of sphere bent moon positive lens and two panels sphere bent moon
Negative lens, the wherein material of sphere biconvex positive lens are the material of crown glass, sphere bent moon positive lens and sphere bent moon negative lens
Material is flint glass.
4th lens group includes two panels biconvex positive lens, wherein the material of a piece of biconvex positive lens is crown glass,
Another sheet material is flint glass.
The present invention compared with prior art the advantages of be：
1) large area array supervision camera telecentric optical system of the present invention, visual field reach 130 °, pass through control system angle times magnification
Rate, solve the intrinsic second order spectrum of money spectral coverage wide-angle transmissive system be difficult to eliminate, the small relative distortion of peripheral field and image planes
High relative illumination is difficult to the problem obtained simultaneously；Optical system is only made up of 12 lens, can be directed to first group, second group,
3rd group and the 4th group of lens frame up respectively, reduce the complexity of system processing and adjustment；Each microscope group barycenter distribution is uniform,
The stability of a system is high.
2) optical system of the present invention uses approximate telecentricity Asia symmetrical structure pattern, by accurately controlling each field of view edge key light
Line incides the angle of image planes, while realizes low distortion and high image planes relative illumination, the angle of edge chief ray incident to image planes
Degree is compressed to 13o by 65o, and optical system angle enlargement ratio Γ=0.2, barycenter is stable, reduces climate change and laboratory is surveyed
The influence of accuracy of measurement, in orbit when focal plane micro change do not interfere with the processing accuracy of data, focal plane change will not cause
The change of each visual field disc of confusion barycenter is so as to improving the precision of control survey.
3) optical system of the present invention optimizes last a piece of lens arrangement using anti-long distance transmission-type structure type to focal plane
The distance of structure, so as to reduce the difficulty of system assembling and adjustment.
4) optical system of the present invention is disappeared thermal design and system global optimization by PASSIVE OPTICAL, according to optical system lens barrel knot
The thermal coefficient of expansion of structure material so that the change in location trend of optical system image planes and camera image planes detector position during temperature change
It is consistent to put variation tendency, as matter is stablized when making optical system temperature change ± 30 DEG C.
5) present invention have mechanical-optical setup it is compact, composition it is simple, it is low distortion, image quality is good, relative illumination is high, is easy to
The advantages that realizing, can by changing matter away from while merged using detector pixel realize the different resolution of monitoring process into
Picture, short focus can be applied to become the high quality imaging system of the big visual field of object distance.Image optics is monitored for airborne/spaceborne in-orbit big visual field
System proposes a preferable technology realization means.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that optical system of the present invention forms structural representation.
Fig. 2 is optical system transfer function curve.
Fig. 3 is optical system residual aberration and distortion curve.
Fig. 4 is the biography letter curve of optical system works temperature change ± 30 DEG C
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, optical system of the present invention uses anti-long distance transmission-type structure, including the first lens group 1, the second lens
Group the 2, the 3rd lens group 3, the 4th lens group 4, face battle array focal plane device 5, diaphragm 6 be positioned over the second lens group and in the 3rd microscope group it
Between, form sub- symmetrical structure pattern；Mapping target emanation light beam full of optical system entrance pupil enters by anti-irradiation window
Optical system, adjust beam size by preceding group of lens group 2 of lens group 1 and second and be full of diaphragm 6, after by the 3rd lens group 3
System angle enlargement ratio is adjusted with the 4th lens group 4, so as to control optical system distortion and image planes relative illumination, by edge key light
The angle that line incides image planes is compressed to 13o by 65o, is finally imaged in face battle array focal plane device 5.The lensed material of institute is nothing
Color optical glass, the surface plating anti-reflection film of all lens and air contact, for increasing the energy of wide spectrum imaging optical system
Efficiency.Ensure the relative position and clear aperture of diaphragm and lens group by structure design loop configuration.
One embodiment of optical system of the present invention is focal length 5mm, and operating spectrum band is 420~700nm of visible spectrum,
Requirement based on camera system energy and signal to noise ratio, optical system relative aperture elect 1/4 as, and available field of view is 131 ° of optical systems
Appearance and size is Φ 65mm × 90mm, and lens group maximum clear aperture is controlled within 65mm, lens group length 85mm.Such as Fig. 3
Shown, system design relative distortion is less than 5% in full filed.Camera uses 8 μm of Plane Array CCD Device, by detector
Plate the effective spectral coverage scope of bandpass filters control system in the face of window glass second.
In order to meet the particular/special requirement of the big operating temperature field of optical system, optical system meets the focal power in formula (1)
Matching requires, athermal requirement and the axial chromatic aberration that disappears require：
In formula：hiIt is to normalize the first paraxial rays in the height of each element, ΦiTo normalize the light of each element group
Focal power, Φ be normalization system focal power, υiFor the Abbe number of each optical element, Tf,riFor thermal coefficient of expansion.
Optical system of the present invention is altogether made up of ten optical elements, and wherein window glass material is not involved in being imaged with prism, light
System is made up of eight lens, i.e. i=1,2.....12, h1.......h12The first paraxial rays is represented first to
Penetration height on eight lens, Φ1......Φ12The normalized first to the 8th power of lens is represented, Φ is optics
The total focal power of system, υ1......υ12Represent the Abbe number of first to the 8th lens.
The thermal coefficient of expansion of optical material is represented by：
By formula (1) and (2), using the complementarity of the thermal characteristic parameter between a variety of optical materials and structural material, rationally
Selection optical material simultaneously distributes the focal power of each lens group, the thermal coefficient of expansion of optical system lens barrel structure material so that temperature
The change in location trend of optical system image planes is consistent with camera image planes detector position variation tendency during degree change, optical system picture
The position in face and the difference of camera image planes detector position are less than the depth of focus of optical system.
Optical system is altogether made up of 12 lens, using colouless optical glass.First lens group 1 includes a piece of non-
Sphere bent moon negative lens, a piece of aspherical bent moon negative lens and a piece of sphere bent moon positive lens, wherein two blocks of crown glasses, one piece
For flint glass；Second lens group 2 includes a piece of sphere bent moon positive lens, a piece of sphere bent moon negative lens and a piece of sphere bent moon
Negative lens, one of crown glass, two pieces be flint glass；3rd lens group 3 includes a piece of sphere biconvex positive lens, one
The aspherical bent moon positive lens of piece and two panels sphere bent moon negative lens, wherein two blocks of crown glasses, two pieces be flint glass；4th is saturating
Microscope group 4 includes two panels biconvex positive lens, one of crown glass, one block of flint glass.Light used by 12 lens
It is high chemical stability, low-heat expansion factor to learn material.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, optical system in the biography letter curve of 20 DEG C of normal temperature and temperature change ± 30 DEG C substantially without change
Change.Fig. 3 gives Optical System Design last phase and is less than 3.6% to distortion curve, full filed relative distortion.
Large area array focal plane detector part 5 is area array CCD or cmos detector receiving plane.
The content not being described in detail in description of the invention belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. large area array dynamic monitor and measurement camera optical system, it is characterised in that：Including the first lens group (1), second saturating Microscope group (2), the 3rd lens group (3), the 4th lens group (4), large area array focal plane detector part (5)；Target emanation full of entrance pupil Light beam enters optical system, by the first lens group (1) and second group of lens group (2) adjustment target emanation beam size, makes mesh Mark radiation laser beam is full of the diaphragm (6) after second group of lens group (2) is positioned over, from the target emanation light beam warp of diaphragm (6) outgoing After crossing three lens cluster group (3) and the 4th group of lens group (4), system angle enlargement ratio Γ to 0.2, wherein Γ=ω are adjusted2/ ω1, ω1For optical system edge chief ray incident angle, ω2Visited for optical system edge chief ray incident to large area array focal plane The angle surveyed on device (5), finally it is imaged in large area array focal plane detector part (5)；First lens group (1) includes a piece of non- Sphere bent moon negative lens, a piece of aspherical bent moon negative lens and a piece of sphere bent moon positive lens；Second lens group (2) includes A piece of sphere bent moon positive lens, a piece of sphere bent moon negative lens and a piece of sphere bent moon negative lens, wherein in the second lens group (2) The materials of sphere bent moon positive lens be crown glass, the material of sphere bent moon negative lens is flint glass；3rd lens Group (3) includes a piece of sphere biconvex positive lens, a piece of sphere bent moon positive lens and two panels sphere bent moon negative lens, and wherein sphere is double The material of convex positive lens is crown glass, the material of sphere bent moon positive lens and sphere bent moon negative lens in the 3rd lens group (3) Material is flint glass；4th lens group (4) includes two panels biconvex positive lens, wherein the material of a piece of biconvex positive lens is Crown glass, another sheet material are flint glass.
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| CN201510319591.3A CN104932083B (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2015-06-11 | A kind of large area array dynamic monitor and measurement camera optical system |
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| CN110007438B (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2023-11-28 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Telecentric optical system of digital aviation mapping color camera |
| CN111999866B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-04-08 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Large-view-field low-distortion aerial survey camera optical system |
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| CN204065542U (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2014-12-31 | 富士胶片株式会社 | Projection zoom lens and projection-type display apparatus |
| CN103837960A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-06-04 | 上海三鑫科技发展有限公司 | Wide-angle switching lens and projection system with application of the same |
| JP2015060089A (en) * | 2013-09-19 | 2015-03-30 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Projection optical system and projection type display device |
| CN203502656U (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-03-26 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Large-view-field high-resolution optical system of three-linear-array stereo aerial survey camera |
| CN203759342U (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-08-06 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Diffraction-element-comprising large view field and accurate image space telecentric aerial mapping camera optical system |
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