CN111999866B - Large-view-field low-distortion aerial survey camera optical system - Google Patents
Large-view-field low-distortion aerial survey camera optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111999866B CN111999866B CN202010734199.6A CN202010734199A CN111999866B CN 111999866 B CN111999866 B CN 111999866B CN 202010734199 A CN202010734199 A CN 202010734199A CN 111999866 B CN111999866 B CN 111999866B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/22—Telecentric objectives or lens systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/02—Telephoto objectives, i.e. systems of the type + - in which the distance from the front vertex to the image plane is less than the equivalent focal length
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/06—Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
Abstract
The invention relates to an optical system of a large-view-field low-distortion aerial survey camera, which comprises a front group lens, a diaphragm and a rear group lens; the elements of the front group lens and the rear group lens are sequentially arranged along the optical axis; the focal length of the front group of lenses is 100mm, and the focal length of the rear group of lenses is-500 mm. The optical system adopts a quasi-image-space telecentric design, and the maximum incidence angle outside an image plane axis is less than 20 degrees. The total length of the optical system is 320 mm; the invention has the characteristics of large view field, high resolution and quasi-image space telecentricity, and also has the characteristics of symmetrical structure, light and small size, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aerial remote sensing and surveying and mapping, and relates to an optical system applied to a spliced large-area-array digital aerial surveying camera.
Background
The large-format, large-view-field and high-resolution area-array camera is the inevitable direction for the development of the aerial surveying camera. Currently, the aerial cameras known internationally are mainly ADS40/80 of Leica, DMC series of Intergraph, and UltraCam series of Microsoft Vexcel. However, the technical bottleneck of a single large-format device is limited by high cost, only the DMC II adopts a single super large area array CCD at present, the maximum resolution is 17k multiplied by 14k, and other aerial survey cameras mostly adopt a multi-lens multi-detector combined splicing structure to form a large format.
For a large-area aerial camera with a multi-lens and multi-detector combination, an optical system generally requires the characteristics of long focal length, wide field angle, ultralow distortion and quasi-image space telecentricity. The photoelectric technology research institute of Chinese academy of sciences provides a full-color objective lens of an aerial survey camera, which has the advantages of large field angle, low aberration and long rear working distance and can be used for realizing a large-area mode by adding a rectangular pyramid in front of a focal plane for light splitting. However, the optical system does not have the characteristic of quasi-image space telecentricity, the volume of the front end of the system is too large, the total length is too long, when the focal length of the system is 118.93mm, the total length of the system is 336.5mm, the system is not small and exquisite enough, and if multi-lens splicing is adopted, the risk of mutual interference exists. The institute of optical precision machinery of western's ann of China academy of sciences has proposed an aerial survey camera optical system, this optical system has characteristics of large field of view, high resolution, low distortion, quasi-image space telecentric, but this system back intercept is short and is only 25mm, and the total length of the system is long partially, when the focal length is 156mm, the total length of the system reaches 474.88mm, when adopting this kind of system to splice, the complete machine weight must increase. The system comprises 14 lenses in total, but the types of the used optical glass materials are as many as 11, thereby increasing the cost of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an aerial survey camera optical system with a large view field and low distortion, which has the characteristics of large view field, high resolution and quasi-image space telecentricity, and also has the characteristics of symmetrical structure, light and small size, low cost and the like.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a large field of view low distortion aerial survey camera optical system comprising: the lens comprises a front group of lenses, a diaphragm and a rear group of lenses; the elements of the front group lens and the rear group lens are sequentially arranged along the optical axis; the focal length of the front group of lenses is 100mm, and the focal length of the rear group of lenses is-500 mm.
Focal length of the optical system: 142 mm; the field angle is 68 degrees; the relative aperture is 5.6; the distortion is less than 0.005%.
The optical system adopts a quasi-image-space telecentric design, and the maximum incidence angle outside an image plane axis is less than 20 degrees.
The total length of the optical system is 320 mm; the optical system back intercept is 67 mm.
The front group of lenses comprises a first negative lens, a second negative lens, a first positive lens, a second positive lens, a third negative lens and a third positive lens which are sequentially arranged along the same optical axis; the rear group of lenses comprises a fourth positive lens, a fourth negative lens, a fifth positive lens, a fifth negative lens, a sixth negative lens and a sixth positive lens which are sequentially arranged along the same optical axis.
The concave surface of the first positive lens is an aspheric surface, the rear surface of the third positive lens is an aspheric surface, and the concave surface of the sixth negative lens is an aspheric surface.
The optical material of the first negative lens is H-K9L, the optical material of the second negative lens is H-K9L, the optical material of the first positive lens is H-K9L, the optical material of the second positive lens is H-K9L, the optical material of the third negative lens is H-K9L, the optical material of the third positive lens is H-FK61, the optical material of the fourth positive lens is H-FK61, the optical material of the fourth negative lens is H-TF3L, the optical material of the fifth positive lens is BaF4, the optical material of the fifth negative lens is H-K9L, the optical material of the sixth negative lens is H-K9L, and the optical material of the sixth positive lens is H-K9L.
The focal lengths of the lenses are as follows:
first negative lens: -1.8f < f1 < -f,
a second negative lens: -1.7f < f2 < -0.9f,
first positive lens: f3 is more than 3.5f and less than 4.3f,
a second positive lens: f4 is more than 0.7f and less than 1.5f,
third negative lens: -1.7f < f5 < -0.9f,
a third positive lens: f6 is more than 0.1f and less than f,
fourth positive lens: f7 is more than 0.1f and less than f,
fourth negative lens: -0.7f < f8 < -0.1f,
a fifth positive lens: f9 is more than 0.2f and less than f,
fifth negative lens: -1.4f < f10 < -0.6f,
sixth negative lens: -1.3f < f11 < -0.5f,
sixth positive lens: 1.5f < f12 < 2.3 f.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the field angle of the invention is 68 degrees, the distortion is 0.005 percent, and the requirement of ultra-low distortion under the ultra-large field angle is realized;
2) when the focal length is 142mm, the length of the novel LED lamp is only 320mm, the rear intercept is 67mm, and the miniaturization and lightweight design is realized;
3) the maximum incidence angle of the image surface is less than 20 degrees, the quasi-image space telecentric design is realized, and the illumination uniformity of the image surface and the limit resolution of the off-axis field of view are ensured.
4) The invention comprises 12 lenses, only adopts four materials, and most of the lenses adopt the optical material H-K9L with low price and super excellent performance, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of an optical system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of aberration curves for an optical system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an MTF curve for an optical system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-3, the main performance indexes of the large-field low-distortion optical system of the present invention are:
1. the working spectrum is 500nm-700 nm;
2. the system focal length: 142 mm;
3. the field angle is 68 degrees;
4. the relative aperture is 5.6;
5. distortion is less than 0.005%;
6. quasi-image space telecentric design, wherein the maximum incidence angle outside an image plane axis is less than 20 degrees;
7. the total length of the optical system is 320 mm;
8. the length of the rear intercept of the optical system is 67 mm;
the optical system has the contradiction between the minimum distortion and the telecentricity, and a general aerial survey camera optical system mostly adopts a symmetrical structure, although the field angle is very large, the distortion can be corrected to be very small, the exit angle and the incident angle of the optical system are equivalent, and the telecentricity of the optical system is very poor, so that the edge illumination of an image plane is very low, the uniformity of the image plane illumination is very poor and the application is seriously influenced for the large-field optical system.
The large-visual-field and low-distortion aerial survey camera optical system provided by the invention properly balances the inherent contradiction by skillfully setting each group of focal power of the optical system. The front group of lenses of the optical system comprises a first negative lens 1, a second negative lens 2, a first positive lens 3, a second positive lens 4, a third negative lens 5 and a third positive lens 6 which are sequentially arranged along the same optical axis; the rear group lens comprises a fourth positive lens 7, a fourth negative lens 8, a fifth positive lens 9, a fifth negative lens 10, a sixth negative lens 11 and a sixth positive lens 12 which are sequentially arranged along the same optical axis. The front group has a focal length of about 100mm, and the rear group has a focal length of about-500 mm.
The front group adopts a structural form that the negative lens is arranged at the front and the positive lens is arranged at the back, light rays are diffused by the negative lens and then enter the positive lens to be converged, so that the field angle of the system is increased, the size of the lens at the front end of the lens is reduced, and the uniformity of the image surface illuminance is improved. Because the relative aperture of the front group is larger, the introduced high-order aberration related to the aperture is increased, and the optical system is designed to introduce an aspheric surface for correction, wherein the aspheric surface is arranged on the concave surface of the first positive lens and the rear surface of the third positive lens.
The rear group adopts a negative and positive structural form, the fourth positive lens and the fourth negative lens of the rear group adopt optical materials H-FK61 and H-TF3L to combine into a negative focal length, the fifth positive lens and the fifth negative lens adopt optical materials BaF4 and H-FK61 to combine into a positive focal length, and the sixth negative lens and the sixth positive lens adopt optical materials H-K9L to combine into a negative focal length. The combination of the fourth positive lens and the fourth negative lens is used for correcting the primary chromatic aberration and the secondary spectrum of the system, the negative focal length formed by combining the fourth positive lens and the fourth negative lens and the positive focal length formed by combining the fifth positive lens and the fifth negative lens are combined to further eliminate the high-level chromatic aberration of the system and the vertical axis aberrations such as large coma aberration, distortion and the like existing in the front group, and the aspheric surface is introduced into the concave surface of the sixth negative lens in the rear group to further eliminate the residual aberration of the system.
The focal length of each lens is as follows:
first negative lens 1: -1.8f < f1 < -f
Second negative lens 2: -1.7f < f2 < -0.9f
First positive lens 3: f3 is more than 3.5f and less than 4.3f
Second positive lens 4: f4 is more than 0.7f and less than 1.5f
Third negative lens 5: -1.7f < f5 < -0.9f
Third positive lens 6: f6 is more than 0.1f
Fourth positive lens 7: f7 is more than 0.1f
Fourth negative lens 8: -0.7f < f8 < -0.1f
Fifth positive lens 9: f9 is more than 0.2f
Fifth negative lens 10: -1.4f < f10 < -0.6f
Sixth negative lens 11: -1.3f < f11 < -0.5f
Sixth positive lens 12: f12 is more than 1.5f and less than 2.3f
An example parameter for final optimization determination according to the above-mentioned optical path sequence and focal length constraints of each lens is shown in the following table.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details.
Claims (3)
1. A large field of view low distortion aerial survey camera optical system, comprising: the lens comprises a front group of lenses, a diaphragm and a rear group of lenses; the elements of the front group lens and the rear group lens are sequentially arranged along the optical axis; the focal length of the front group of lenses is 100mm, and the focal length of the rear group of lenses is-500 mm;
focal length of the optical system: 142 mm; the field angle is 68 degrees; the relative aperture is 5.6; distortion is less than 0.005%;
the total length of the optical system is 320 mm; the length of the rear intercept of the optical system is 67 mm;
the front group of lenses comprises a first negative lens (1), a second negative lens (2), a first positive lens (3), a second positive lens (4), a third negative lens (5) and a third positive lens (6) which are sequentially arranged along the same optical axis; the rear group of lenses comprises a fourth positive lens (7), a fourth negative lens (8), a fifth positive lens (9), a fifth negative lens (10), a sixth negative lens (11) and a sixth positive lens (12) which are sequentially arranged along the same optical axis;
the concave surface of the first positive lens (3) is an aspheric surface, the rear surface of the third positive lens (6) is an aspheric surface, and the concave surface of the sixth negative lens (11) is an aspheric surface;
the number of the lens pieces with the focal power is 12;
the focal lengths of the lenses are as follows:
first negative lens: -1.8f < f1 < -f,
a second negative lens: -1.7f < f2 < -0.9f,
first positive lens: f3 is more than 3.5f and less than 4.3f,
a second positive lens: f4 is more than 0.7f and less than 1.5f,
third negative lens: -1.7f < f5 < -0.9f,
a third positive lens: f6 is more than 0.1f and less than f,
fourth positive lens: f7 is more than 0.1f and less than f,
fourth negative lens: -0.7f < f8 < -0.1f,
a fifth positive lens: f9 is more than 0.2f and less than f,
fifth negative lens: -1.4f < f10 < -0.6f,
sixth negative lens: -1.3f < f11 < -0.5f,
sixth positive lens: 1.5f < f12 < 2.3 f.
2. The large-field-of-view low-distortion aerial survey camera optical system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optical system is of a quasi-image-side telecentric design, and the maximum off-axis angle of incidence of the image plane is less than 20 °.
3. The large-field-of-view low-distortion aerial survey camera optical system of claim 2, the optical material of the first negative lens (1) is H-K9L, the optical material of the second negative lens (2) is H-K9L, the optical material of the first positive lens (3) is H-K9L, the optical material of the second positive lens (4) is H-K9L, the optical material of the third negative lens (5) is H-K9L, the optical material of the third positive lens (6) is H-FK61, the optical material of the fourth positive lens (7) is H-FK61, the optical material of the fourth negative lens (8) is H-TF3L, the optical material of the fifth positive lens (9) is BaF4, the optical material of the fifth negative lens (10) is H-K9L, the optical material of the sixth negative lens (11) is H-K9L, and the optical material of the sixth positive lens (12) is H-K9L.
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| JP2015001641A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2015-01-05 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Image capturing lens and image capturing device |
| CN104932083A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-23 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Large-area array dynamic monitoring and measuring camera optical system |
| JP2016109759A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2016-06-20 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Imaging optical system, imaging optical device, and digital device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2015001641A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2015-01-05 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Image capturing lens and image capturing device |
| JP2016109759A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2016-06-20 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | Imaging optical system, imaging optical device, and digital device |
| CN104932083A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-23 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Large-area array dynamic monitoring and measuring camera optical system |
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