CN111998837A

CN111998837A - Multipurpose laser collimator

Info

Publication number: CN111998837A
Application number: CN202010734498.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许坚林
Original assignee: Guangzhou Mto Photoelectric Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Mto Photoelectric Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-27
Filing date: 2020-07-27
Publication date: 2020-11-27
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-27
Also published as: CN111998837B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser rope aligners, and discloses a multipurpose laser rope aligner which comprises a laser rope aligner and an all-round line laser generator, wherein one side of the surface of the laser rope aligner is fixedly connected with the surface of the all-round line laser generator, the laser rope aligner comprises a base, and a vertical magnetic steel bar is fixedly connected between V-shaped guide grooves and positioned on the surface of the base. The multipurpose laser collimator has simple structure and rich functions, and a single instrument can measure the height of an optical axis, assist visual calibration of the verticality, the plane coordinate position and the mutual parallelism of optical-mechanical components; coaxiality of light paths; the optical element installation pitch angle, swing angle and the like can be used for correcting the optical mechanical components on the surfaces of a plurality of optical platforms with micro height difference to the same optical axis height, and higher optical path coaxiality is kept. The two instruments are used simultaneously, and the plane coordinate position and the optical axis height of the optical machine component can be calibrated at one time.

Description

Multipurpose laser collimator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser plumb line instruments, in particular to a multipurpose laser plumb line instrument.

Background

The optical path refers to a light propagation path, and includes a route after refraction and reflection in light propagation.

The optical axis height, i.e., the height of the optical axis from the light source mounting plane, is a relative value with the mounting plane as a reference of 0. Because the divergence angle of the laser light source is small, the collimation degree is high, and the coherence is good. Therefore, the method is widely applied to optical path construction in optical experiments and teaching. And is usually visible light with a spectral range of about 400-700nm, which can be directly observed by naked eyes. In the following figures, the red line indicates a visible red laser beam, and the relative height between the red laser beam and the vibration isolation platform plane (0 reference), namely the optical axis height.

The optical element is a basic constituent unit of an optical system, also called an optical part. Most optical parts function as imaging, such as lenses, prisms, mirrors, etc. There are also some parts which play special roles (such as light splitting, image transmission, filtering, etc.) in optical systems, such as reticles, filters, gratings, for optical fiber elements, etc. Holographic lenses, gradient index lenses, binary optical elements, etc., are new optical components that have appeared for a couple of decades. The optical parts are made of glass or other crystal minerals and have standard round, square, rectangular or cubic appearances, and at least one part is specially-shaped. Common sizes range from half an inch to 2 inches, and there are other non-standard sizes; most of the optical components are mounted in housings or supports made of metal, which belong to the category of optomechanics.

The optical-mechanical component is an optical element and an optical-mechanical combination suite for short, and has the functions of reflecting, transmitting, refracting, diffracting, filtering, separating, coupling, shaping, reversing, converging, dispersing, collimating, deflecting, conducting, attenuating, absorbing … … and the like on light so as to finish the purposes of optical experiments, researches, tests, teaching and the like. The experimental devices used for constructing the light path in the above figures belong to the category of optical-mechanical assemblies.

The omnibearing linear laser generator is a special laser light source, and utilizes the characteristics of high brightness, small divergence angle and high collimation of laser, and can refract red, green and blue laser in the visible light spectrum range by means of a conical prism, so that a circle of 360-degree circular laser light can be projected in a three-dimensional space in a direction perpendicular to the plane direction of the conical prism, and the surface of the non-blackbody substance 1 in any shape can reflect a clear visible laser reference line. Therefore, laser generators of this type are commonly used in laser levels and other calibration instruments

The appearance of the optical vibration isolation table is similar to a steel table, the table top is made of 430-grade high-permeability stainless steel material with the thickness of 20-30mm, and the flatness of the table top is up to +/-0.01 mm after precision grinding. The table top is connected with the four-foot bracket at the bottom through a nitrogen spring or an air bag, and aims to isolate environmental vibration so as to ensure that the optical-mechanical assembly with high precision is not subjected to error and damage on the surface of the table due to vibration. Because the vibration isolation table top and the foot rest are flexibly connected, the installation does not require the table top to be completely horizontal with the horizontal plane (in practical application, the standard parallel to the horizontal plane cannot be achieved due to uneven table top load), but rather, a single optical machine component arranged on the table top needs to keep higher verticality, a plurality of optical machine components need to keep higher parallelism, and light passes through the plurality of optical machine components, so that the light path can still keep higher coaxiality (namely, the centers or central points of optical elements with different sizes are positioned on the same axis as far as possible).

Aiming at the measurement and correction of two-dimensional plane position, optical axis height, coaxiality and the like of an optical machine assembly, no special instrument exists in the market at present, the technique and experience of an operator are generally relied on, and a common auxiliary tool comprises a straight ruler, a corner ruler, a height ruler, an imaging plate, a light shielding plate and the like; in addition, although large-scale instruments such as a laser collimator and an interferometer can also be used for realizing the functions, the instruments are expensive, complex to debug and higher in requirement on professional skills of operators, so that the instruments are basically not used; the laser level (level gauge) is designed to be parallel to the horizontal plane according to the reference laser ray, and is not suitable for the situation that the optical machine assembly only needs to keep relative verticality and parallelism with the surfaces of the vibration isolation table and the bread board. The adjustment of the vertical incidence (incidence at an angle of 0 degrees) of the laser beam is substantially to adjust whether the optical elements are installed vertically or parallel, a pitch angle difference in the vertical direction is generated when the optical elements are not vertically arranged, a swing angle difference in the horizontal direction is generated when the optical elements are not parallel, and the two angle differences directly influence the coaxiality of an optical path and cause the reflected light pollution of stray light. The traditional method cannot solve the problems and has great limitation.

The existing instrument has the following disadvantages:

1. no special instrument exists;

2. auxiliary tools such as a straight ruler, a square ruler and a height ruler are adopted, and the visual reference system is that the reference precision of a threaded hole (inner diameter M6) on the platform is limited;

3. the accuracy of the light path adjustment is closely related to the skill and experience of the operator; even a skilled operator needs to repeatedly adjust the optical path to a level close to the ideal level;

4. judging whether the light path is positioned in the center of the optical element or not, and adopting an imaging plate or paper to artificially manufacture light scattering, wherein the light spot diameter is enlarged after scattering, so that the adjustment precision is further reduced;

5. the emergent light that the light path axiality was adjusted and is used experimental laser source is only reference line, so can only add and adjust ray apparatus subassembly one by one along the light path trend, because of ray apparatus subassembly position or the angular deviation of installing earlier, the further accumulative error of ray apparatus subassembly that causes the back installation surpasss the expectation to the light path skew, can only trace back one by one, and the rework is heavy first even begins, difficultly wastes time, and is inefficient.

6. Because the light path construction pursues compactness, especially more complicated light path, under this condition, the range gap of ray apparatus subassembly is narrower, and the clear aperture of different ray apparatus subassemblies, mirror holder and the external diameter or specification size of support are different. The conventional method is difficult to change, increase or decrease the number and the arrangement sequence of the optical-mechanical components on the optical path randomly;

7. when the light path is complex, and the number of optical-mechanical components is as many as two or more than two platforms to be built, the traditional tools and means are more sensitive to the elbow, and the height difference between other platforms and the reference platform needs to be added and subtracted with the height of the optical axis measured by the straight ruler in the reference platform. The calculation is labor-consuming and time-consuming and is prone to errors, further resulting in rework.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-purpose laser collimator, which solves the problems of the background art mentioned above.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a laser directrix rope appearance of multipurpose, includes laser directrix rope appearance and all-round word line laser generator, one side of laser directrix rope appearance surface and all-round word line laser generator's fixed surface are connected, the laser directrix rope appearance includes the base to the top and the bottom fixedly connected with V type guide slot of base surface one side, the middle part fixedly connected with hand screw of base surface to the positive middle part fixedly connected with powerful magnet on surface of base, two just be located the perpendicular magnetic conduction billet of fixed surface connection of base between the V type guide slot, the fixed surface of V type guide slot is connected with horizontal magnetic conduction billet to the equal fixedly connected with scale in surface of base top and bottom.

Preferably, the all-round line laser generator comprises a laser generating shell, and a laser generator light outlet window is fixedly connected to one side of the surface of the laser generating shell.

Preferably, the middle part of one side of the laser generating shell is fixedly connected with a correcting mechanism, and the other side of the laser generating shell is fixedly connected with a switch.

Preferably, the top and the bottom of the surface of the laser generation shell are fixedly connected with bar-shaped strong magnets.

Preferably, an indication ruler is fixedly connected to one side of the surface of the laser generation shell.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention provides a multipurpose laser plumb line instrument. The method has the following beneficial effects:

1. the functions and the structure are original, and products with similar functions and structures are not available in the market;

2. the device has simple structure and rich functions, and a single instrument can measure the height of an optical axis, assist visual calibration of the verticality, the plane coordinate position and the mutual parallelism of the optical-mechanical components; coaxiality of light paths; the optical element installation pitch angle, swing angle and the like can be used for correcting the optical mechanical components on the surfaces of a plurality of optical platforms with micro height difference to the same optical axis height, and higher optical path coaxiality is kept. The two instruments are used simultaneously, and the plane coordinate position and the optical axis height of the optical machine component can be calibrated at one time;

3. the laser light is used as an adjustment and correction reference, so that the precision, the stability and the reproducibility are high;

4. the body and the laser are provided with accurate scales, and the measurement data such as the optical axis height and the like can be read, recorded and reproduced;

5. the optical path building does not need to install and correct the optical mechanical components one by one according to a fixed sequence, and the optical mechanical components can be added, reduced or moved at any time even in a very compact space without causing deviation of optical axis height, coaxiality and the like;

6. the laser generator can freely move and adjust in the V-shaped guide grooves at the two sides and the top end of the body, and a zero combination gap is kept through magnetic adsorption;

7. the instrument adopts two modes of magnetic adsorption and hand screw fixation, is very simple and convenient to install and use, and does not need to rely on professional knowledge and operation experience;

8. the laser emergent ray is precisely corrected to ensure that the perpendicularity and parallelism deviation of the emergent ray and a measuring plane is less than or equal to 1', and all reference surfaces influencing the measuring precision are precisely ground, calibrated and hardened, so that the laser emergent ray is firm, durable, stable and reliable.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the laser collimator structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a right side view of the laser plumb line configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an all-dimensional one-line laser generator according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1-laser directrix, 101-base, 102-V-shaped guide groove, 103-hand screw, 104-strong magnet, 105-vertical magnetic conduction steel bar, 106-horizontal magnetic conduction steel bar, 2-omnibearing linear laser generator, 201-laser generation shell, 202-laser generator light outlet window, 203-correction mechanism and 204-bar strong magnet.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a laser alignment rope appearance of multipurpose, including laser alignment rope appearance 1 and all-round word line laser generator 2, one side on laser alignment rope appearance 1 surface and all-round word line laser generator 2's fixed surface is connected, laser alignment rope appearance 1 includes base 101, the top and the bottom fixedly connected with V type guide slot 102 of base 101 surface one side, the middle part fixedly connected with hand screw 103 on base 101 surface, the strong magnet 104 of middle part fixedly connected with on the positive surface of base 101, the perpendicular magnetic conduction billet 105 of fixed surface connection who just is located base 101 between two V type guide slots 102, the fixed surface of V type guide slot 102 is connected with horizontal magnetic conduction billet 106, the equal fixedly connected with scale 107 in surface of base 101 top and bottom.

In the present invention, the all-directional one-line laser generator 2 includes a laser generating housing 201, and a laser generator light emitting window 202 is fixedly connected to one side of the surface of the laser generating housing 201.

In the invention, the middle part of one side of the laser generating shell 201 is fixedly connected with the correcting mechanism 203, and the other side of the laser generating shell 201 is fixedly connected with the switch.

In the invention, the top and the bottom of the surface of the laser generating shell 201 are both fixedly connected with a bar-shaped strong magnet 204, and one side of the surface of the laser generating shell 201 is fixedly connected with an indicating ruler.

The specific structure of the invention is explained as follows:

laser alignment instrument main body

V-shaped guide groove

V-shaped guide grooves are positioned on two vertical surfaces and the top end of the main body, three guide grooves are formed in total, the bottoms of the guide grooves are provided with high-permeability steel bars which are embedded in the main body, and the V-shaped guide grooves are used for adsorbing the laser generator and guiding the laser generator to move in the main body along a fixed direction;

base seat

The bottom surface of the base is ground, four powerful magnets are embedded, the base can be stably adsorbed on an optical platform made of 430 magnetic conduction stainless steel materials, and if the base is mounted on the optical platform for a long time or mounted on an aluminum nonmagnetic optical bread board, the base can lock the main body of the collimator on the optical platform or bread board with threaded holes arranged in a matrix by screwing up the screw;

hand screw

A spring is arranged between the hand-screwed screw and the base and is used for eliminating thread gaps and enhancing the fastening effect;

strong magnet

Fourthly, four axially magnetized neodymium iron boron strong magnets are arranged in a cross shape and used for adsorbing the main body of the collimator on the optical platform;

vertical magnetic conduction steel bar and horizontal magnetic conduction steel bar

Sixthly, the vertical magnetic conduction steel bars and the horizontal magnetic conduction steel bars are in a cross shape, are embedded in the main body of the rope aligning instrument and act with bar-shaped strong magnets on the laser generator, so that the function that the laser generator can be adsorbed in the V-shaped guide groove and can also slide in the V-shaped guide groove is realized;

scale ruler

And on the other two vertical surfaces without the V-shaped guide grooves, four groups of graduated scales are photoetched by adopting laser. The starting point of the scale 0 is the bottom of the base (namely the plane of the optical platform), and the total amount is up to the highest point of the top of the collimator. The graduated scale can be used as an angle scale close to an object to be measured, and can also be used for reading the reading of laser projected on a graduation line to determine the height of an optical axis.

Two, 360 degree omnibearing one line laser generator (hereinafter referred to as laser generator)

Bar strong magnet (radial magnetization)

The eight bar-shaped powerful magnets are embedded on the vertical face chamfer of the laser generator shell, and the two bar-shaped powerful magnets have the functions of interacting with the high-permeability steel bars embedded in the collimation rope instrument body and realizing the adsorption function in the V-shaped guide groove. The magnetizing direction is radial, namely the N/S magnetic poles are positioned on two vertical surfaces of the magnetic strip instead of two ends. The design has the advantages that the magnetic force can ensure stable adsorption and cannot influence the axial movement of the magnet to push the laser generator to move;

and (4) switching.

The light source part of the laser generator is a semiconductor laser tube (LD) which is powered by a 3.7V lithium ion battery arranged in the generator, and a ninu switch at the bottom of the laser generator completes the on-off control of the laser.

Laser generator shell

I.e. the housing of the laser generator

Light outlet window of laser generator

The laser emits laser from the light-emitting window, the light-emitting direction is 360 degrees, the light-emitting ports are respectively arranged on two sides of one end of the shell of the laser generator, so that the number of the light-emitting ports is two, the light-emitting angles are both more than or equal to 160 degrees, and the emergent light can clearly cover the range of tens of meters.

Correcting mechanism

The correcting mechanism is used for correcting the height position and the posture of the reflecting or refracting conical prism, the outer ring is provided with adjusting threads, the end face is provided with an adjusting screw, and the position of the adjusted conical prism firstly requires to ensure that the height of emergent laser coincides with the 0 scale of the marked scale on the shell of the laser generator; and the angle of laser emergent is in 90-degree vertical relation with the laser generating shell. The correction is completed before the instrument leaves the factory, and lead sealing is added for fixation. Generally, secondary adjustment is not needed;

scale ruler

The laser emergent position of the graduated scale is set as 0 graduation, the graduation increasing direction is opposite to the graduation increasing direction on the rope guide main body, when the optical axis height of the experimental light source is higher than the rope guide main body, the light emitting window from the laser generator to the laser generator can be pushed to be higher than the top end of the rope guide main body, and the reading of the graduated scale on the laser generator is added with the highest point graduation value of the rope guide to obtain the total optical axis height; if the height of the optical axis of the experimental light source is lower, the laser generator is inverted, the light outlet window of the laser generator is located at the bottom, and at the moment, the scale reading from the scale 0 of the rope guide main body to the scale 0 of the laser generator is the height value of the optical axis.

Scattered accurate rope appearance main part and cash laser generator have two kinds of compound mode, and the emergent light direction is perpendicularly to and the level respectively to, if laser generator adsorbs in the V type guide slot on laser accurate rope appearance main part top, emergent laser is the vertical relation with the optical platform plane, if laser generator adsorbs in the V type guide slot of laser accurate rope appearance main part side, emergent laser is parallel relation with the optical platform plane. If the two laser alignment devices are used simultaneously and the combination modes are different, a group of cross-shaped laser reference lines with mutually vertical light-emitting directions can be obtained simultaneously.

The use and the advantages of the laser plumb line gauge are explained according to different use scenes as follows:

1. method of adjusting the beam height and position of the experimental laser:

firstly, an experimental laser light source is arranged on a bracket, the light source is generally a red laser light source with the wavelength of 635.8nm, the red laser light source is electrified to emit laser, then a laser collimator is close to a light outlet hole of the experimental light source, the experimental laser light source can project light on a graduated scale of a laser collimator main body, and the scale value of the height of the near-end optical axis is recorded; moving to a position far away from a light outlet hole of the experimental laser source along the emergent direction of the experimental laser, reading the scale value projected on the graduated scale by the experimental laser source again, if the scale value is different from the scale value measured at the near end, indicating that the light outlet angle of the experimental laser source has deviation, and the optical axis is not parallel to the surface of the optical platform; the operation of the laser leveling instrument is similar to that of the traditional mode, but the contact surfaces of the straight ruler and the angle ruler and the optical platform are small, whether the angle ruler tilts during measurement or not is completely determined by the level and experience of an operator, the contact area of the bottom surface of the laser leveling instrument and the surface of the optical platform is large, the bottom surface and the vertical surface are precisely ground and calibrated and are in a high-precision vertical relation, and therefore the tilt error hardly exists during measurement;

2. the method for adjusting the relative positions of the laser beam and the optical component comprises the following steps:

the laser beam and the optical element have a relationship in three dimensions, and assuming that the light emitting direction of the experimental light source is an X axis, the depth directions of two sides of the light emitting direction of the laser beam are Y axes, and the relative height between the laser beam and the optical platform is a Z axis (i.e. the optical axis height).

Because the optical platform and the surface covering plate are provided with the optical machine component mounting holes which are arranged in an equidistant and longitudinal and transverse mode, almost all the optical machine components are designed by taking the bottom mounting hole as the central symmetry mode, when the optical machine components are arranged and installed along the same row of mounting holes, the optical machine components are only different in distance density on the X axis, and the density degree of the distance has no relation with the coaxiality.

However, the Y-axis position perpendicular to the experimental light source laser beam cannot be completely restricted by the arrangement of the mounting holes on the optical platform due to the difference in the shape and size of the optical elements on the optical-mechanical assembly, especially some rectangular or special-shaped optical elements.

The position of the Z axis which is perpendicular to the emergent light of the experimental light source is different in shape, size and clear aperture of the optical element on the optical-mechanical component, and the height of the circle center or the center point of the optical-mechanical component is different, so that the height of the optical-mechanical component needs to be correspondingly adjusted to realize that the circle center and the center point of the optical element are positioned on the same axis on the Z axis so as to meet the requirement of coaxiality of the light path.

The following is an application example of adjusting and calibrating the three-dimensional coordinate position of the optical machine assembly by adopting the laser plumb line instrument of the patent:

correcting the position of the X axis:

optical elements are arranged by means of the same row of mounting holes on the optical platform, and the space density can be flexibly set according to actual conditions;

correcting the Y-axis position:

adsorb laser generator in the horizontal V type guide slot at standard rope appearance top, open the laser generator switch, then arrange the standard rope appearance to the light path in, can see the red laser of experiment laser light source and the green laser of this standard rope appearance outgoing (the colour is different with the experiment light source in order to distinguish mutually) from overlooking the visual angle, through the horizontal slip, adjust laser generator's light-emitting position for reference green laser light and red experiment light source light coincidence. The reference line of the emergent laser of the laser collimator will be projected to the whole light path, all the optical-mechanical components including the outer edge of the experimental laser light source, the top end of the outer frame and the support, and the outer frame and the support usually have the scale marks equally divided by 90 degrees around the circumference, when the reference line of the laser coincides with the scale marks, the overlapping of the center of the circle or the diagonal cross point (central point) of the optical element and the light beam of the experimental light source laser in the Y-axis direction can be confirmed. Even if some of the opto-mechanical components lack these graduations equally spaced around the circumference by 90 °, the deviation is within a controlled range, as adjusted by visual inspection. If some optical elements are judged by visual observation that the position on the Y axis is not coaxial with the experimental laser ray, only a differential screw on the optical-mechanical assembly needs to be adjusted for compensation, if the deviation is large, the base of the optical-mechanical assembly can be moved for adjustment until the position of the Y axis is correct. :

and (3) correcting the Z-axis height:

arranging a laser generator in the vertical V-shaped guide groove, adjusting in a sliding manner, observing scales, enabling the laser emitting height of the laser level to be equal to the height of the optical axis of the experimental light source measured in the previous step, and opening a switch of the laser generator to enable the laser level to emit a green laser reference line equal to the height of the experimental optical axis, wherein the green laser reference line is different from the experimental optical axis in height, and optical elements in the optical-mechanical assemblies with different sizes and different light transmission calibers can be arranged on the same optical axis height in the Z-axis direction according to the reference line. The action principle is that the green laser reference line is projected on the outer edge, the outer frame or the support of the optical element, the outer frame or the support is usually provided with scale marks which are equally divided by 90 degrees around the circumference, and when the laser reference line is superposed with the scale marks, the circle center or the diagonal intersection (central point) of the optical element and the light beam of the experimental light source laser are confirmed to be equally high in the Z-axis direction. Even if some of the opto-mechanical components lack these graduations equally spaced around the circumference by 90 °, the deviation is within a controlled range, as adjusted by visual inspection. If some optical elements are judged by visual observation that the height on the Z axis is not coaxial with the experimental laser ray, only a differential screw on the optical-mechanical assembly needs to be adjusted for compensation, if the deviation is large, the base of the optical-mechanical assembly can be adjusted up and down until the height of the Z axis is correct.

4. Two collimation rope appearance are used jointly and are rectified Y axle Z axle deviation simultaneously:

two laser collimation rope instruments are used simultaneously, wherein one laser collimation rope instrument is used for correcting Y-axis deviation, the other laser collimation rope instrument is used for correcting Z-axis deviation, a standard cross line can be projected on the light receiving surface of the optical machine component, the cross line is taken as a reference, the positions of the optical machine component in two axial directions can be adjusted rapidly and accurately, and therefore an optical path with ideal coaxiality is obtained;

correction of installation verticality of a single optical-mechanical assembly:

when single ray apparatus subassembly, or other testees that are used for the experiment are placed on optical platform, when need form the vertical relation with the light path, can use laser generator alone to measure and calibrate, and need not to cooperate the use of accurate rope appearance main part. The specific operation mode is that a laser generator is horizontally placed on the surface of the optical platform, the magnetic force surface faces downwards, a laser switch is turned on, a laser line is projected and irradiates an optical machine component or an article needing to correct the verticality, the verticality deviation can be quickly judged by visually observing and comparing the angles of laser rays and the surface of the optical platform and the parallelism between a laser reference line reflected on a rectangular object and the boundary of the laser reference line, and corresponding adjustment is carried out to finish the correction of the verticality between a single optical machine component or a measured object and the surface of the optical platform.

Correction of pitch and yaw angles of optical elements:

after correcting the Y, Z coordinate position of the opto-mechanical assembly in the optical path, a relatively close to ideal coaxiality optical path is obtained, and if the optical path needs to be adjusted more accurately, the relative position of the optical element on the opto-mechanical assembly must be corrected, and in the description of the conventional adjustment mode in chapter 2, section 2, herein, there are four frequently encountered problems:

A. the light beam needs to be adjusted after passing through the right-angle reflector:

B. adjustment of the beam after passing through the tilted lens:

C. adjustment of the beam after passing through the tilted beam splitter:

D. adjustment when the beam needs to be incident at 0 degrees:

in the above four cases, the essential reason is that the mounting position and angle of the optical element on the opto-mechanical assembly are not fixed, and in practical application, the position and angle of the optical element are usually subjected to a certain degree of fine adjustment correction, so that a differential screw or a differential head handle is generally arranged. In the conventional manner, these adjustments are made mainly depending on the skill and experience of the operator, wherein the adjustment is particularly difficult with respect to the tilt deviation of the optical element. Because there are three deviations from the angular pose of the optical element:

a; deviation of pitch angle

b: deviation of oscillation angle

c: pitch and yaw misalignment coexist

In order to solve the above difficulties, the present invention adopts a method for correcting the tilt angle of the optical element by measuring the position of the returning light through a graduated scale. The principle is that almost all optical elements, even the lens which transmits laser, reflect 2% -15% of light, called return light, when the optical path of the return light is coincident with the incident light, that is, the incident light irradiates the optical element at an incident angle of 0 degrees, and the light receiving surface of the irradiated optical element is exactly perpendicular to the surface of the optical platform. According to the principle, the laser collimator can be used for accurately correcting the attitude of the optical element, basically eliminating the pitch angle deviation and the swing angle deviation and further improving the coaxiality and the collimation of a light path. The specific operation method comprises the following steps:

and (3) adsorbing the laser generator to a vertical V-shaped guide groove on the side surface of the collimation rope instrument, opening a switch of the laser generator, taking emergent light of the laser generator as reference light, irradiating the optical element to be measured at a short distance, and if the return light of the optical element is superposed with a 0-scale mark beside the laser generator, indicating that the return light of the optical element is completely superposed with the incident light, namely that the light receiving surface of the optical element is vertical to the surface of the optical platform. If the return light is not on the scale mark of the laser generator 0, adjusting a differential screw and the like on a corresponding shaft of the optical-mechanical assembly to change the pitch angle of the optical element until the return light is superposed with the scale mark of the laser generator 0, thus completing the adjustment of the pitch angle of the optical element and the correction of the perpendicularity of the optical element and the surface of the optical platform;

the laser generator is adsorbed to a horizontal V-shaped guide groove in the top of the collimation rope instrument, a switch of the laser generator is opened, emergent light of the laser generator serves as reference light, the measured optical element is irradiated at a medium distance, return light of the measured optical element can be projected on the surface of an optical platform, and if the return light and light projected on the surface of the optical platform by incident light are completely overlapped, the swing angle of the optical element in the horizontal direction is represented as 0 degree, and no deflection exists. If an included angle exists between the returned light and the incident light projected on the optical platform, the swinging angle of the optical element is proved to have angle deviation with a positive or negative value, a differential screw and the like on a corresponding shaft of the optical-mechanical component are adjusted, the swinging angle of the optical element is changed until the included angle between the returned light and the incident light projected on the surface light of the optical platform disappears, and the two light rays are completely overlapped, so that the adjustment of the swinging angle of the optical element and the correction of the parallelism of the light path direction are completed.

The two methods are used alternately, so that the attitude of the optical element with pitch angle deviation and swing angle deviation can be corrected, and ideal optical path coaxiality and collimation are achieved.

7. Applications across two or more optical platforms:

because the measurement and the correction of this patent adopt laser ray as the reference, so overcome a great deal of drawbacks that adopt instruments such as ruler as measuring tool for construct large-scale light path on two or more optical platform, and simple and fast's adjustment light path to ideal state becomes possible. Because of the collimation advantage of the laser (a beam of laser after collimation and adjustment is within a distance of 25 kilometers, the generated deviation is only 16 nanometers), the laser collimator can clearly cover an area within hundreds of square meters by reference to light rays on the premise of safe laser power, and therefore the optical platform within a rough adjustment and correction range is basically as high as the height, and the construction and adjustment of a large-scale light path can be realized. The specific operation method is simple, after the light path of the first optical platform is built and calibrated, the light path is transmitted to the second optical platform along the light direction of the experimental laser light source, then the height of the optical axis is measured on the second optical platform, the height is used as a part of the light path built on the second optical platform, the operations of Y-axis position correction, optical-mechanical assembly verticality correction, optical element pitch angle correction, swing angle correction and the like are the same as the calibration operation on the first platform, and only the adjustment is carried out according to the reference laser light without the compensation calculation of the height difference. Similarly, the methods are also suitable for building and adjusting the optical path on the 3 rd to the n th optical platforms.

The invention also has the following advantages:

1. because no special equipment exists in the market at present, the innovation of the invention fills the blank of the field;

2. compared with the traditional tool and means which adopt a straight ruler and a square ruler and take the mounting hole of the optical platform as reference, the measurement and correction precision of the invention is greatly improved

3. Compared with the traditional tool and means which depend on the professional skill level and the operation experience of operators, the patented product of the invention can be rapidly mastered and applied without the professional skill level and the experience,

4. the laser light is used as reference, the operation process is simple, visual and visual, and the measurement result and the correction value are both quantifiable and can be recorded and reproduced;

5. the position relation between the experimental laser ray and the optical element can be quickly judged without performing astigmatism treatment on the light spot of the experimental laser, and quick correction is performed;

6. optical components do not need to be added and adjusted one by one according to the arrangement sequence of the light paths, and can be added and reduced in the global range, any optical-mechanical component in the light paths can be moved, and the adjustment of the dense light paths can be realized in a compact space;

7. the instrument realizes multiple functions, not only can adjust the three-dimensional coordinate position of the optical machine assembly, but also can precisely adjust and calibrate the verticality of the single optical machine assembly, the pitch angle, the swing angle and the like of an optical element;

8. the device can be used for building and adjusting large complex optical paths on two or more optical platforms, and keeps higher optical path coaxiality and collimation;

9. although the product of the patent has a larger difference in precision grade compared with large-scale detection instruments, such as laser interferometers, collimators and the like, the product can completely meet the requirements of optical experiments, scientific researches and other purposes, and has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, small size, portability and the like which are not possessed by the large-scale detection instruments.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a laser plumb line appearance of multipurpose, includes laser plumb line appearance (1) and all-round word line laser generator (2), the one side on laser plumb line appearance (1) surface is connected its characterized in that with the fixed surface of all-round word line laser generator (2): laser plumb-bob appearance (1) includes base (101) to the top and the bottom fixedly connected with V type guide slot (102) of base (101) surface one side, the middle part fixedly connected with on base (101) surface hand screw (103), and the middle part fixedly connected with powerful magnet (104) of base (101) positive surface, two the fixed surface that just is located base (101) between V type guide slot (102) is connected with perpendicular magnetic conduction billet (105), the fixed surface of V type guide slot (102) is connected with horizontal magnetic conduction billet (106), and the equal fixedly connected with scale (107) in surface of base (101) top and bottom.

2. A multi-purpose laser plumb line gauge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: all-round line laser generator (2) include that laser takes place casing (201), one side fixedly connected with laser generator light-emitting window (202) on laser emergence casing (201) surface.

3. A multi-purpose laser plumb line gauge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the middle part of one side of the laser generation shell (201) is fixedly connected with a correction mechanism (203), and the other side of the laser generation shell (201) is fixedly connected with a switch.

4. A multi-purpose laser plumb line gauge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top and the bottom of the surface of the laser generation shell (201) are fixedly connected with bar-shaped strong magnets (204).

5. A multi-purpose laser plumb line gauge as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein: and an indicating ruler is fixedly connected to one side of the surface of the laser generation shell (201).