CN111997067A - Method for ecologically restoring and treating quarry mine tailings - Google Patents
Method for ecologically restoring and treating quarry mine tailings Download PDFInfo
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- CN111997067A CN111997067A CN202010831628.1A CN202010831628A CN111997067A CN 111997067 A CN111997067 A CN 111997067A CN 202010831628 A CN202010831628 A CN 202010831628A CN 111997067 A CN111997067 A CN 111997067A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/021—Pots formed in one piece; Materials used therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological restoration and treatment method for quarry tailings, and belongs to the technical field of mine restoration and treatment. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing slope surface treatment; treating tailings; treating the side slope; and fourthly, performing later-period management. The invention recycles the slag and the waste rock in the mine, and the in-situ treatment is used for restoring the ecological environment of the mine, thereby reducing the cost; the crushed stones are made into machine-made sand and then processed into hollow plant protection concrete bricks, and the machine-made sand and the hollow plant protection concrete bricks can be used for in-situ ecological restoration, and the surplus concrete bricks can be sold as products, so that the economic benefit is improved, and the continuous restoration of the mine environment by enterprises is ensured; the plant variety is increased while the success rate of restoration is improved to many plant seeds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mine restoration treatment, and particularly relates to an ecological restoration treatment method for quarry mine tailings.
Background
In urban construction projects, a large amount of sandstone materials are needed, so that a large amount of quarries are built. However, in the process of building the quarry, a considerable part of the field is not handled scientifically, the site and the ore body structure of the quarry are never investigated and verified, the resource reserves, the geological safety, the mining age limit and the like are never demonstrated and planned, and the quarry is promoted to be immediately available and is exploited blindly. Some quarries are under the mountain root with the height of seventy meters, and mining is not carried out according to the standard in stages, so that rock mining downslopes and holes are formed, and collapse and slippage are easily caused after rain and sunny days. Meanwhile, the unauthorized private transaction of the quarry is serious, which causes serious hidden trouble to the production safety.
After the mining of the abandoned quarry, a large amount of solid wastes are accumulated on the hillside, so that the load is increased, the landslide is caused to occur continuously, and serious landscape ecological problems are brought to the city, such as water and soil loss, threat to city flood control, reduction of biological diversity, damage to the earth surface and the like, so that certain influence is caused on the sustainable development of the city ecology, the society and the economy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological restoration and treatment method for quarry tailings, which can quickly restore the ecological environment of a quarry, improve the environmental condition, reduce the investment cost, improve the utilization rate of tailings resources and realize in-situ recycling.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the method for restoring and treating the ecology of the quarry mine tailings comprises the following steps:
first domatic regulation and control
Removing stones on the side slope surface, and according to geological conditions, leveling the smooth slope surface into a step-shaped table top along the contour lines, and punching holes on the slope surface of the table top which cannot be leveled into the step shape along the contour lines;
treating the tailings
Screening waste stones and waste residue soil accumulated in a quarry to obtain stones, gravel sand and sandy soil, screening the broken stones to obtain gravel sand and stone powder, piling the gravel sand screened twice in one place, paving part of the gravel sand on the table top treated in the step to form a gravel layer, crushing the rest gravel sand in multiple stages to prepare machine-made sand, and mixing the gravel sand and the stone powder obtained by screening the first two times after recycling the stone powder and the soil in the preparation process of the machine-made sand to obtain fine sandy soil;
secondly, taking the machine-made sand, and taking cement, corn straw carbon powder, fungus bran powder, brown rot fungus powder, traditional Chinese medicine slag powder, starch grafted sodium polyacrylate, palygorskite powder, carboxymethyl cellulose, chitin, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate and herb seeds as raw materials, adding water, mixing and stirring to form plant protection concrete, and putting the plant protection concrete into a mould to prepare a hollow plant protection concrete brick;
taking fine sandy soil, mixing and stirring the fine sandy soil, garden soil, organic fertilizer, expanded perlite, plant ash, trichoderma harpacum powder and liana seeds as raw materials to form nutrient soil;
treatment of side slope
Paving a layer of surface soil removed by a gravel field on a table-board gravel layer of a side slope with a table board, then paving hollow plant protection concrete bricks, adding water into nutrient soil to prepare nutrient slurry, and injecting the nutrient slurry into the hollow cavity of the hollow plant protection concrete bricks; laying hollow plant protection concrete bricks from bottom to top on the side slope without the table board, inserting anchor rods into the pre-drilled holes to fix the hollow plant protection concrete bricks, adding water into nutrient soil to prepare nutrient slurry, and injecting the nutrient slurry into the hollow cavities of the hollow plant protection concrete bricks;
fourth, later period management
For the slope with too steep slope, after the anchor rod is reinforced, the anchor rod is used as a supporting point to lay a steel wire mesh, and the steel wire mesh is irrigated in time and sprayed with liquid fertilizer or nutrient solution properly.
Furthermore, the side slope is a rock or mixed slope with the slope of 40-70 degrees.
Furthermore, the size of the rock block is larger than 80mm, the size of the gravel sand is 1-80mm, and the size of the sand is smaller than 1 mm.
Further, the plant protection concrete comprises, by weight, 200 parts of machine-made sand 180-doped sand, 80-100 parts of cement, 20-30 parts of corn straw carbon powder, 5-7 parts of bran powder, 1-1.6 parts of brown rot fungus powder, 1-10 parts of traditional Chinese medicine slag powder, 0.2-0.8 part of starch grafted sodium polyacrylate, 3-7 parts of palygorskite powder, 1-15 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2-3 parts of chitin, 0.2-0.4 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate and 1-2 parts of herb plant seeds.
Preferably, the herbaceous plant seeds are mixed seeds of alfalfa and white clover, wherein the weight ratio of the alfalfa to the white clover is 2: 1-3.
Furthermore, a plurality of through holes are formed in the top and the bottom of the hollow plant protection concrete brick, and the through holes enable the inner cavity of the hollow plant protection concrete brick to be communicated with the outside.
Furthermore, the nutrient soil comprises, by weight, 40-60 parts of fine sandy soil, 50-100 parts of garden soil, 20-40 parts of organic fertilizer, 5-12 parts of expanded perlite, 3-11 parts of plant ash, 1-2 parts of trichoderma harpacum powder and 0.5-1 part of vine seeds.
Preferably, the vine seeds are honeysuckle.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the mine slag waste rock is recycled, and the in-situ treatment is used for restoring the ecological environment of the mine, so that the cost is reduced; the crushed stones are made into machine-made sand and then processed into hollow plant protection concrete bricks, and the machine-made sand and the hollow plant protection concrete bricks can be used for in-situ ecological restoration, and the surplus concrete bricks can be sold as products, so that the economic benefit is improved, and the continuous restoration of the mine environment by enterprises is ensured; the plant variety is increased while the success rate of restoration is improved to many plant seeds.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1
Geological conditions of quarrying tailings: the scheme of the invention is implemented in a certain abandoned quarry of Asahuan river in Yuzhong county, the mine slope is a mixed slope of soil and rock, and the slope has the condition of platform remediation and has an average slope of 54 degrees.
Firstly, removing stones on the slope surface of the side, and according to the geological condition, finishing the slope surface into a step-shaped table top along a contour line, wherein the width of the table top is 1-2 m;
screening waste stones and waste residue soil accumulated in a quarry to obtain stones, gravel sand and sandy soil, wherein the size of the stones is larger than 80mm, the size of the gravel sand is 1-80mm, and the size of the sandy soil is smaller than 1mm, screening the broken stones again after crushing the stones to obtain the gravel sand and stone powder, piling the gravel sand obtained by twice screening at one position, paving part of the gravel sand on a table top to form a gravel layer, crushing the rest gravel sand into machine-made sand after multistage crushing, and mixing the gravel sand and the soil obtained by screening the first two times with the sandy soil and stone powder obtained by recycling the stone powder and the soil in the machine-made sand preparation process to obtain fine sandy soil.
Taking 200 parts of machine-made sand, 100 parts of cement, 20 parts of corn straw carbon powder, 5 parts of mushroom bran powder, 1 part of brown rot fungus powder, 1 part of traditional Chinese medicine slag powder, 0.2 part of starch grafted sodium polyacrylate, 3 parts of palygorskite powder, 1 part of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2 parts of chitin, 0.2 part of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate and 1 part of herb seeds, adding water, mixing and stirring to form plant protection concrete, and putting the plant protection concrete into a mold to prepare a hollow plant protection concrete brick; the hollow plant protection concrete brick is in a regular hexagon shape, the side length is 30cm, the thickness is 9cm, the side wall thickness is 4cm, the top wall and the bottom wall are both 2cm thick, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the top surface and the bottom surface, and the aperture of each through hole is 2 cm; the herbaceous plant seeds are mixed seeds of alfalfa and white clover, wherein the weight ratio of the alfalfa to the white clover is 1: 1.
Mixing and stirring 40 parts of fine sandy soil, 100 parts of garden soil, 20 parts of organic fertilizer, 12 parts of expanded perlite, 3 parts of plant ash, 1 part of trichoderma harpacum powder and 0.5 part of liana seeds to form nutrient soil; the vine seeds are honeysuckle seeds.
Laying a layer of surface soil removed by a gravel field on the table-board gravel layer, then laying hollow plant protection concrete bricks, adding water into nutrient soil to prepare nutrient slurry, and injecting the nutrient slurry into the hollow cavities of the hollow plant protection concrete bricks through the through holes of the hollow plant protection concrete bricks. In the later period, water and fertilizer management is enhanced, watering is carried out in time, and liquid fertilizer is properly sprayed; and the mine side slope is regreened after 1 month.
Example 2
Geological conditions of quarrying tailings: the scheme of the invention is implemented in a certain quarry of the county Baba ditch of Ulmi, and the slope of the mine is a rocky slope which is difficult to level, the mountain is steep, and the average slope is 63 degrees.
Removing stones on the side slope surface, roughly regulating the slope body, and punching along the contour line; screening waste stones and waste residue soil accumulated in a quarry to obtain stones, gravel sand and sandy soil, wherein the size of the stones is larger than 80mm, the size of the gravel sand is 1-80mm, and the size of the sandy soil is smaller than 1mm, screening the broken stones again after crushing the stones to obtain the gravel sand and stone powder, piling the gravel sand obtained by twice screening at one position, paving part of the gravel sand on a table top to form a gravel layer, crushing the rest gravel sand into machine-made sand after multistage crushing, and mixing the gravel sand and the soil obtained by screening the first two times with the sandy soil and stone powder obtained by recycling the stone powder and the soil in the machine-made sand preparation process to obtain fine sandy soil.
Taking 180 parts of machine-made sand, 80 parts of cement, 30 parts of corn straw carbon powder, 7 parts of fungal bran powder, 1.6 parts of brown rot fungus powder, 10 parts of traditional Chinese medicine slag powder, 0.8 part of starch grafted sodium polyacrylate, 7 parts of palygorskite powder, 15 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 3 parts of chitin, 0.4 part of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate and 2 parts of herb seeds, adding water, mixing and stirring to form plant protection concrete, and putting the plant protection concrete into a mold to prepare a hollow plant protection concrete brick; the hollow plant protection concrete brick is in a regular hexagon shape, the side length is 15cm, the thickness is 9cm, the side wall thickness is 4cm, the top wall and the bottom wall are both 2.5cm thick, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the top surface and the bottom surface, and the aperture of each through hole is 1 cm; the herbaceous plant seeds are mixed seeds of alfalfa and white clover, wherein the weight ratio of the alfalfa to the white clover is 2: 3.
Mixing and stirring 40 parts of fine sandy soil, 50 parts of garden soil, 40 parts of organic fertilizer, 12 parts of expanded perlite, 11 parts of plant ash, 2 parts of trichoderma harpacum powder and 1 part of liana seeds to form nutrient soil; the vine seeds are honeysuckle seeds.
Laying hollow plant protection concrete bricks from bottom to top, inserting anchor rods into the holes drilled in advance to fix the hollow plant protection concrete bricks, adding water into nutrient soil to prepare nutrient slurry, and injecting the nutrient slurry into the hollow cavities of the hollow plant protection concrete bricks.
And (3) inspecting the anchor rods and the hollow plant protection concrete bricks, paving steel wire meshes on partial areas, irrigating in time, spraying a nutrient solution properly, and greening the bare rock mine side slope after 1 month.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore contemplated that the present invention will be embodied in many forms, such as, for example, computer readable media, and computer readable media.
Claims (7)
1. The ecological restoration and treatment method for the quarrying mine tailings is characterized by being used for treating rocky or mixed quarrying mine side slopes, wherein the slope of each side slope is 40-70 degrees, and the method comprises the following steps:
first domatic regulation and control
Removing stones on the side slope surface, and according to geological conditions, leveling the smooth slope surface into a step-shaped table top along the contour lines, and punching holes on the slope surface of the table top which cannot be leveled into the step shape along the contour lines;
treating the tailings
Screening waste stones and waste residue soil accumulated in a quarry to obtain stones, gravel sand and sandy soil, screening the broken stones to obtain gravel sand and stone powder, piling the gravel sand screened twice in one place, paving part of the gravel sand on the table top treated in the step to form a gravel layer, crushing the rest gravel sand in multiple stages to prepare machine-made sand, and mixing the gravel sand and the stone powder obtained by screening the first two times after recycling the stone powder and the soil in the preparation process of the machine-made sand to obtain fine sandy soil;
secondly, taking the machine-made sand, and taking cement, corn straw carbon powder, fungus bran powder, brown rot fungus powder, traditional Chinese medicine slag powder, starch grafted sodium polyacrylate, palygorskite powder, carboxymethyl cellulose, chitin, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate and herb seeds as raw materials, adding water, mixing and stirring to form plant protection concrete, and putting the plant protection concrete into a mould to prepare a hollow plant protection concrete brick;
taking fine sandy soil, mixing and stirring the fine sandy soil, garden soil, organic fertilizer, expanded perlite, plant ash, trichoderma harpacum powder and liana seeds as raw materials to form nutrient soil;
treatment of side slope
Paving a layer of surface soil removed by a gravel field on a table-board gravel layer of a side slope with a table board, then paving hollow plant protection concrete bricks, adding water into nutrient soil to prepare nutrient slurry, and injecting the nutrient slurry into the hollow cavity of the hollow plant protection concrete bricks; laying hollow plant protection concrete bricks from bottom to top on the side slope without the table board, inserting anchor rods into the pre-drilled holes to fix the hollow plant protection concrete bricks, adding water into nutrient soil to prepare nutrient slurry, and injecting the nutrient slurry into the hollow cavities of the hollow plant protection concrete bricks;
fourth, later period management
For the slope with too steep slope, after the anchor rod is reinforced, the anchor rod is used as a supporting point to lay a steel wire mesh, and the steel wire mesh is irrigated in time and sprayed with liquid fertilizer or nutrient solution properly.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the size of the lump stone is larger than 80mm, the size of the gravel sand is 1-80mm, and the size of the sand is smaller than 1 mm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the plant protection concrete comprises, by weight, 200 parts of machine-made sand 180-doped materials, 80-100 parts of cement, 20-30 parts of corn straw carbon powder, 5-7 parts of bran powder, 1-1.6 parts of brown rot fungus powder, 1-10 parts of traditional Chinese medicine slag powder, 0.2-0.8 part of starch-grafted sodium polyacrylate, 3-7 parts of palygorskite powder, 1-15 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2-3 parts of chitin, 0.2-0.4 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate and 1-2 parts of herb seeds.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the herbaceous plant seeds are mixed seeds of alfalfa and white clover, wherein the weight ratio of the alfalfa to the white clover is 2: 1-3.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: and a plurality of through holes are formed in the top and the bottom of the hollow plant protection concrete brick.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the nutrient soil comprises, by weight, 40-60 parts of fine sandy soil, 50-100 parts of garden soil, 20-40 parts of organic fertilizer, 5-12 parts of expanded perlite, 3-11 parts of plant ash, 1-2 parts of trichoderma harpacum powder and 0.5-1 part of vine seeds.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the vine seeds are honeysuckle.
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Citations (5)
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---|---|---|---|---|
AT397676B (en) * | 1987-05-22 | 1994-06-27 | Steiner Peter | DEVICE FOR SECURING SLOPES AND SLOPES |
CN107243498A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-13 | 大连地拓实业集团有限公司 | It is a kind of that the method for making ecological energy system is utilized by abandoned mine and solid waste resource recovery |
CN109440788A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-08 | 安徽国祯环境修复股份有限公司 | A kind of surface mine rock side slope stereo ecological restorative procedure |
CN111248053A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-09 | 广东东升实业集团有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for high and steep step slope of open-pit quarry |
CN111395369A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-10 | 深圳园林股份有限公司 | Soil fixing component for ecological restoration of steep rock slope |
-
2020
- 2020-08-18 CN CN202010831628.1A patent/CN111997067A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT397676B (en) * | 1987-05-22 | 1994-06-27 | Steiner Peter | DEVICE FOR SECURING SLOPES AND SLOPES |
CN107243498A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-13 | 大连地拓实业集团有限公司 | It is a kind of that the method for making ecological energy system is utilized by abandoned mine and solid waste resource recovery |
CN109440788A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-08 | 安徽国祯环境修复股份有限公司 | A kind of surface mine rock side slope stereo ecological restorative procedure |
CN111248053A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-09 | 广东东升实业集团有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for high and steep step slope of open-pit quarry |
CN111395369A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-10 | 深圳园林股份有限公司 | Soil fixing component for ecological restoration of steep rock slope |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
汪晗主编: "《公路边坡工程防治技术》", 31 May 2014, 合肥工业大学出版社 * |
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