CN111996994A - Ecological beach building engineering - Google Patents
Ecological beach building engineering Download PDFInfo
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- CN111996994A CN111996994A CN202010893980.8A CN202010893980A CN111996994A CN 111996994 A CN111996994 A CN 111996994A CN 202010893980 A CN202010893980 A CN 202010893980A CN 111996994 A CN111996994 A CN 111996994A
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- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000052363 Cynodon dactylon Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009757 thermoplastic moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000089486 Phragmites australis subsp australis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 244000273256 Phragmites communis Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/18—Reclamation of land from water or marshes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological cardiac beach building project, which relates to the technical field of ecological environment engineering and comprises an ecological siltation promotion project, a habitat improvement project and an ecological beach fixing project; the ecological siltation promotion project is positioned at a low beach of the head of a cardiac beach, the ecological beach fixation project is positioned at the cardiac beach, and the habitat improvement area is positioned in a ditch crossing area between the low beach and the cardiac beach; the ecological siltation promotion project comprises a plurality of discontinuously distributed hole type blunt dams; the habitat improvement project comprises a transparent grid fish nest row; the ecological beach-fixing engineering comprises backfilling planting soil, pioneer vegetation and geogrids. The hole-type blunt dam body structure is adopted, so that the silt around the beach body can be deposited, and the beach building effect is good; the fish nest row with the hollow grids is adopted, so that flow velocity fields at the cross ditches become rich and diverse, a suitable space for survival, inhabitation, oviposition and bait-supporting is provided for surrounding aquatic plants, aquatic small animals and microorganisms, and the aquatic ecological environment around the beach body is enriched. The invention can be effectively applied to large, medium and small rivers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment engineering, in particular to an ecological heart beach building project.
Background
According to the mutual relationship between the beach body and the river bank, the beach body can be classified into three types: the beach, cardiac beach and shoal head low beach. The beach is a beach body which is attached to a bank and basically has the same direction with water flow or has a small intersection angle with the water flow. The basic characteristics of the beach are as follows: the bodies are usually located in the slow flow area and distributed in the straight and relaxed river channel. The beach body is connected with the river bank tightly, and some bodies are separated (provided with serial ditches). The cardiac beach is a relatively independent underwater silt body. The basic characteristics of the cardiac beach are as follows: generally, the river is located in a widened river channel, and some river channels are stable and some river channels are unstable. The stable cardiac beach is generally positioned in a non-mainstream area, and has a gentle and complete low; unstable beaches are generally located in regions of varying main flow lines where flood and dry water vary greatly. The shoal head low beach is an underwater extension part of the shoal head of the Jiangxi. The basic characteristics of the shoal head are as follows: the head part is arranged in the shunting diffusion area, the gradient of the head part is gentle, the tail part is steep, and the head part is low in the front and high in the back. The beach body is tightly connected with the continent body, and there are half-separations (furrows), and the continent head beach form is related to the evolution of two branch of a river, generally speaking, which branch of a river is biased towards the continent head, and which branch of a river is declined. The beach building adopts certain measures to promote the silt accumulation around the beach body, thereby building a good beach body shape.
The cardiac beach is a type of mutual relationship between the beach body and the river bank and is a relatively independent underwater silt body. The beach water area of the natural river flow is an important habitat, foraging field and nursery for aquatic organisms, particularly fishes. The interference of human activities can cause the aquatic habitat environment in the cardiac beach water area to change in different degrees, if the effective area suitable for the survival of aquatic organisms is reduced, natural benthonic and phytoplankton reduction can be caused, aquatic animals and plants are reduced, and the ecological environment problems of decline of various fish resources, deterioration of predation environment and the like can be caused inevitably.
Therefore, it is necessary to adopt an ecological beach building engineering structure to promote the restoration of the habitat in the cardiac beach area and build a natural and harmonious place for the rest and the rest of aquatic organisms. In recent years, aiming at a cardiac beach area, an ecological siltation promotion and scour prevention structure is mainly adopted to promote the natural deceleration of cardiac beach water flow and silt deposition, but no systematic consideration is made on aspects of restoring the cardiac beach habitat, improving the growth environment of animals and plants and the like, the ecological beach building technology popularized and applied at present is still very limited, along with the increasing national demands on ecological environment protection of inland rivers, the ecological cardiac beach building engineering which is novel, quick and effective and applied to inland river channels is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an ecological beaches engineering which can be quickly and effectively applied to inland waterway.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides an ecological cardiac beach building project, which comprises an ecological siltation promotion project, a habitat improvement project and an ecological beach fixing project;
the ecological siltation promotion project is positioned at a low beach of the head of a cardiac beach, the ecological beach fixation project is positioned at the cardiac beach, and the habitat improvement area is positioned in a ditch crossing area between the low beach and the cardiac beach;
the distance among the ecological siltation promotion project, the habitat improvement project and the ecological beach fixing project is determined by analyzing and calculating the width of a river and the water flow characteristics of the region where the river is located;
the ecological siltation promotion project comprises a plurality of discontinuously distributed hole type blunt dams;
the habitat improvement project comprises a transparent grid fish nest row;
the ecological beach-fixing engineering comprises backfilling planting soil, pioneer vegetation and geogrids.
Optionally, the hole-type blunt dam comprises a dam body in an arc shape, a plurality of holes are formed in the dam body, the bending radius of the dam body is 50-100 m, the height of the dam body is 1-2 m, and the diameter of each hole is 100-200 cm.
Optionally, the empty grid fish nest row comprises a steel reinforced concrete empty grid shaped like a Chinese character 'tian' with the length of 2m, the width of 2m and the thickness of 0.5 m.
Optionally, branches and/or reeds are bound on the hollow grid fish nest rows.
Optionally, the backfilled planting soil is planting soil with a thickness of 30 cm-100 cm paved on the basis of the original terrain.
Optionally, the geogrid is a two-dimensional grid shape formed by thermoplastic molding or die pressing of polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride high polymer or a three-dimensional grid screen with a certain height.
Optionally, the pioneer vegetation is reed, watermifoil or bermudagrass.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
by adopting the hole-type blunt dam body structure, the overflow can be realized, the flow velocity of water flow can be slowed down, the siltation of silt around the beach body is facilitated, and the beach building effect is good;
the fish nest row with the hollow grids is adopted, so that flow velocity fields at the cross ditches become rich and diverse, a suitable space for survival, inhabitation, oviposition and bait-supporting is provided for surrounding aquatic plants, aquatic small animals and microorganisms, and the aquatic ecological environment around the beach body is enriched.
The invention can be quickly and effectively applied to medium and small rivers.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an ecological cardiac beach construction project of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an ecological cardiac beach construction project of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a hole-type blunt dam in the ecological beach construction of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural plan view of a hollow grid fish nest row member in the ecological cardiac beach construction project of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural plane view of the ecological beach building engineering of the invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. ecological silt-promoting engineering; 2. a habitat improvement project; 3. ecological beach fixing engineering.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides an ecological cardiac beach building project, which includes an ecological siltation promotion project 1, a habitat improvement project 2, and an ecological beach fixing project 3;
the ecological siltation promotion project 1 is positioned at a low beach of the head of a cardiac beach, the ecological beach fixation project 3 is positioned at the cardiac beach, and the habitat improvement area is positioned in a ditch crossing area between the low beach and the cardiac beach;
the distance among the ecological siltation promotion project 1, the habitat improvement project 2 and the ecological beach fixing project 3 is calculated and determined according to the width of a river and the water flow characteristic analysis of the region where the river is located;
the ecological siltation promotion project 1 comprises a plurality of discontinuously distributed hole type blunt dams;
the habitat improvement project 2 comprises a transparent grid fish nest row;
the ecological beach-fixing engineering 3 comprises backfilling planting soil, pioneer vegetation and geogrids. The lower layer is backfilled planting soil, the upper layer is covered with geogrid to fix the soil, and pioneer plants are sowed in the planting soil.
In this embodiment, the hole-type blunt dam includes a dam body in an arc shape, the dam body is provided with a plurality of holes, a bending radius of the dam body is 80m, a height of the dam body is 1.5m, and a diameter of the holes is 150 cm.
The fish nest row with the permeable grids comprises steel reinforced concrete permeable grids with the length of 2m, the width of 2m and the thickness of 0.5m so as to keep communication between a water body and a river bed.
Branches and/or reeds are bound on the transparent grid fish nest row, local slow flow is formed in the cavity of the transparent grid fish nest row, local microbial habitat improvement is promoted, and primary productivity close to a bottom habitat can be improved to a certain extent in the gradual degradation process of the branches and the reeds.
The backfilling planting soil is planting soil with the thickness of 30 cm-100 cm paved on the basis of the original terrain.
The geogrid is a two-dimensional grid shape formed by thermoplastic molding or die pressing of polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride high polymer or a three-dimensional grid screen with a certain height, and is mainly used as a structural cushion layer or used for soil fixation.
The pioneer vegetation is reed, watermifoil or bermudagrass.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An ecological cardiac beach construction project is characterized by comprising an ecological siltation promotion project, a habitat improvement project and an ecological beach fixing project;
the ecological siltation promotion project is positioned at a low beach of the head of a cardiac beach, the ecological beach fixation project is positioned at the cardiac beach, and the habitat improvement area is positioned in a ditch crossing area between the low beach and the cardiac beach;
the distance among the ecological siltation promotion project, the habitat improvement project and the ecological beach fixing project is determined by analyzing and calculating the width of a river and the water flow characteristics of the region where the river is located;
the ecological siltation promotion project comprises a plurality of discontinuously distributed hole type blunt dams;
the habitat improvement project comprises a transparent grid fish nest row;
the ecological beach-fixing engineering comprises backfilling planting soil, pioneer vegetation and geogrids.
2. The ecological cardiac beach building project of claim 1, wherein the hole-type blunt dam comprises a dam body in an arc shape, a plurality of holes are formed in the dam body, the bending radius of the dam body is 50-100 m, the height of the dam body is 1-2 m, and the diameter of each hole is 100-200 cm.
3. The ecological cardiac beach engineering of claim 1 wherein the open grid fish nest rows comprise steel-concrete open grids shaped like a Chinese character 'tian' with a length of 2m, a width of 2m and a thickness of 0.5 m.
4. The ecological cardiac beach engineering of claim 1 or 3 wherein branches and/or reeds are tied to the rows of the open grid fish nests.
5. The ecological cardiac beach engineering of claim 1 wherein the backfilled planting soil is a planting soil with a thickness of 30cm to 100cm laid on the basis of the original terrain.
6. The ecological heart beach engineering of claim 1 wherein the geogrid is a two-dimensional grid made of polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride high molecular polymer through thermoplastic molding or die pressing or a three-dimensional grid screen with a certain height.
7. The ecological beach building program of claim 1 wherein the pioneer vegetation is reed or watermifoil or bermudagrass.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010893980.8A CN111996994A (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Ecological beach building engineering |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010893980.8A CN111996994A (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Ecological beach building engineering |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111996994A true CN111996994A (en) | 2020-11-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010893980.8A Pending CN111996994A (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Ecological beach building engineering |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111996994A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114718007A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-08 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Ecological beach construction method for low beach |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102182160A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2011-09-14 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Ecological spur dike of fish nest |
| CN105926533A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-09-07 | 长江航道规划设计研究院 | Implanting type ecological beach fixing method |
| CN208870003U (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-05-17 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | It is a kind of for guarding the curved opening ecology dam structure on continent beach |
| CN109797704A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-05-24 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of mixed type ecology makes beach engineering |
| CN109868785A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-06-11 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of mixing dam body permeable ecology makes beach engineering |
-
2020
- 2020-08-31 CN CN202010893980.8A patent/CN111996994A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102182160A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2011-09-14 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Ecological spur dike of fish nest |
| CN105926533A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-09-07 | 长江航道规划设计研究院 | Implanting type ecological beach fixing method |
| CN208870003U (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-05-17 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | It is a kind of for guarding the curved opening ecology dam structure on continent beach |
| CN109797704A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-05-24 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of mixed type ecology makes beach engineering |
| CN109868785A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-06-11 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of mixing dam body permeable ecology makes beach engineering |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114718007A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-08 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Ecological beach construction method for low beach |
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Application publication date: 20201127 |