CN111993893A - Vehicle-mounted hydrogen safety system and method with solar intelligent power supply - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted hydrogen safety system and method with solar intelligent power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN111993893A CN111993893A CN202010564112.5A CN202010564112A CN111993893A CN 111993893 A CN111993893 A CN 111993893A CN 202010564112 A CN202010564112 A CN 202010564112A CN 111993893 A CN111993893 A CN 111993893A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0053—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to fuel cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q9/00—Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a solar-powered vehicle-mounted hydrogen intelligent safety system and method, which comprises a three-dimensional steering subsystem, an environment sensing subsystem, an energy supply subsystem and an intelligent control subsystem, can realize the safe pressure relief of vehicle-mounted high-pressure hydrogen, and ensure the property and safety of people in a vehicle and people outside the vehicle on the basis of not increasing the extra energy consumption of the system. The three-dimensional steering structure is designed, so that the flexibility of the pressure relief system is improved, the environment sensing and intelligent judgment are realized by applying the combined information of temperature sensing, infrared, ultrasonic and a camera, the reliability of the system is obviously improved by adopting solar double-path power supply, and the zero-energy-consumption operation of the system is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electromechanics, in particular to a vehicle-mounted hydrogen safety system and method with solar intelligent power supply.
Background
The new energy automobile is a strategic emerging industry which is mainly supported and developed in China, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell automobile is paid much attention due to the advantages of high energy efficiency, zero emission and the like, and becomes an important option for realizing the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction in the field of transportation. The safety problem is one of the barriers preventing the achievement of the goal, and the properties of high-pressure storage, easy leakage, flammability and explosiveness of the hydrogen gas make the vehicle-mounted high-pressure hydrogen gas a dangerous source. The catastrophic explosion experimental data of 35MPa vehicle-mounted high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles in American Western Pacific laboratories show that the diameter of a fireball reaches 24 meters, and the fragment ejection reaches 104 meters. In order to avoid the result of the catastrophic accident, the international technical standard organization stipulates that a TPRD (thermal plastic deformation pressure release valve) must be equipped in a vehicle-mounted high-pressure hydrogen storage system, under the fire environment, a plug is melted, and the pressure release valve is opened so that the pressure in a hydrogen storage bottle can be released in time, thereby avoiding the occurrence of the result of the catastrophic explosion accident. The TPRD avoids catastrophic explosion of the hydrogen storage bottle through active pressure relief, but hydrogen is released while the result of a fire accident is damaged. In order to solve the problem that a driver and passengers are difficult to escape once the TPRD is opened downwards, a patent with the current application number of 201810567537.4 discloses a fire safety control system for high-pressure hydrogen storage of a new energy automobile, and the occurrence of catastrophic consequences is reduced through environment sensing.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide a vehicle-mounted hydrogen safety system and method for solar intelligent power supply, so that the potential safety hazard problem of hydrogen pressure relief is solved, and stable and safe pressure relief is realized on the basis of not increasing the energy consumption of the system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a vehicle-mounted hydrogen safety method with solar intelligent power supply, which comprises the following steps:
1. when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature near the hot melt pressure release valve exceeds 90 ℃, an alarm is given, the infrared sensor is used for detecting whether a person is in the vehicle, and when no person is in the vehicle, the valve keeps a vertical downward angle, so that flame surrounds the vehicle body, and the threat to the public outside the vehicle is reduced;
2. when a person is in the vehicle, the ultrasonic sensors sequentially detect whether obstacles exist at the rear, the left side and the right side of the vehicle body, and the program rotates the control valve towards the direction without the obstacles outside the vehicle;
3. when obstacles exist outside the vehicle, the vehicle-mounted camera sequentially detects whether people exist behind, on the left side and on the right side of the vehicle body, and the program rotates the control valve towards the direction of no people outside the vehicle;
4. when people are in the vehicle and around the vehicle, the vertical downward angle of the valve is kept unchanged.
The invention relates to a vehicle-mounted hydrogen safety system with intelligent solar power supply, which comprises a three-dimensional steering subsystem, an environment sensing subsystem and an intelligent control subsystem, the environment perception subsystem comprises an ultrasonic sensor, an infrared sensor, a vehicle-mounted camera and a temperature sensor, the ultrasonic sensor is used for detecting whether barriers are arranged at the rear part and two sides of the vehicle body or not, the vehicle-mounted camera is used for detecting whether the barriers at the rear part and two sides of the vehicle body are people or not, the infrared sensor is used for detecting whether a person exists in the vehicle body, the temperature sensor is used for detecting the environmental temperature of the hot melt pressure release valve, the three-dimensional steering subsystem is used for controlling a pressure relief opening of the hot melt pressure relief valve to rotate towards any direction of the rear part and the two sides of the vehicle body, the intelligent control subsystem receives information transmitted from the environment sensing subsystem, and controls the three-dimensional steering subsystem to implement the solar intelligent power supply vehicle-mounted hydrogen safety method as claimed.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the three-dimensional steering subsystem comprises a first pressure relief pipeline, a second pressure relief pipeline and a guide pipe, a first rotating rod is arranged in the second pressure relief pipeline in the vertical direction, one end of the first rotating rod is connected with a first fixed rod, the first fixed rod is fixedly connected with the second pressure relief pipeline, a second rotating rod is arranged in the second pressure relief pipeline in the horizontal direction, one end of the second rotating rod is connected with a second fixed rod, the second fixed rod is fixedly connected with the guide pipe, the first pressure relief pipeline, the second pressure relief pipeline and the guide pipe are in sealed connection, the inside of the connection part is of an open structure, the first pressure relief pipeline, the second pressure relief pipeline and the guide pipe are of cylindrical structures, and the other ends of the second rotating rod and the first rotating rod are connected with a driving device.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the angle for driving the pressure relief opening of the hot melt pressure relief valve to rotate towards any direction by the three-dimensional steering structure is 45 degrees.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the system further includes an energy supply subsystem, and the energy supply subsystem provides electric energy for the system.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the energy supply subsystem comprises a semi-flexible solar panel, a solar storage battery and a vehicle-mounted storage battery, the semi-flexible solar panel covers the whole roof, and the solar storage battery and the vehicle-mounted storage battery form a double-circuit power supply structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention utilizes the three-dimensional steering structure, not only backward, but also leftward and rightward pressure relief, thereby improving the flexibility of integral pressure relief; people and objects are respectively detected by the ultrasonic sensor and the vehicle-mounted camera, so that the safety of people can be preferentially guaranteed in the intelligent control process, and the occurrence of catastrophic consequences is further reduced;
and the system is powered by solar energy, so that zero-energy-consumption operation of the system is realized, and meanwhile, the system reliability in a fire environment is obviously improved by double-circuit power supply.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the three-dimensional steering subsystem of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. an infrared sensor; 2. a vehicle-mounted camera; 3. a semi-flexible solar panel; 4. a temperature sensor; 5. an ultrasonic sensor; 6. a first pressure relief conduit; 7. a second pressure relief conduit; 8. a guide tube; 9. a first rotating lever; 10. a first fixing lever; 11. a second rotating rod; 12. a second fixing bar; 13. a drive device.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
In addition, if a detailed description of the known art is not necessary to show the features of the present invention, it is omitted.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a vehicle-mounted hydrogen safety system with solar intelligent power supply, which comprises a three-dimensional steering subsystem, an environment sensing subsystem and an intelligent control subsystem, wherein the environment sensing subsystem comprises an ultrasonic sensor 5, an infrared sensor 1, a vehicle-mounted camera 2 and a temperature sensor 4, the ultrasonic sensor 5 is used for detecting whether obstacles are arranged at the rear part and two sides of a vehicle body, the vehicle-mounted camera 2 is used for detecting whether the obstacles at the rear part and two sides of the vehicle body are people, the infrared sensor 1 is used for detecting whether people are arranged in the vehicle body, the temperature sensor 4 is used for detecting the environment temperature of a hot-melt pressure release valve, the three-dimensional steering subsystem is used for controlling a pressure release port of the hot-melt pressure release valve to rotate towards any direction of the rear part, and controls the three-dimensional steering subsystem to realize the following vehicle-mounted hydrogen safety method with solar intelligent power supply.
As shown in fig. 2, a solar intelligent power supply vehicle-mounted hydrogen safety method includes the following steps:
1. when the temperature sensor 4 detects that the temperature near the hot-melt pressure release valve exceeds 90 ℃, an alarm is given, whether a person is in the vehicle is detected by the infrared sensor 1, and when the person is not in the vehicle, the valve keeps a vertical downward angle, so that flame surrounds the vehicle body, and the threat to the public outside the vehicle is reduced;
2. when a person is in the vehicle, the ultrasonic sensor 5 sequentially detects whether obstacles exist at the rear, the left side and the right side of the vehicle body, and the program rotates the control valve towards the direction without the obstacles outside the vehicle;
3. when obstacles exist outside the vehicle, the vehicle-mounted camera 2 sequentially detects whether people exist at the rear, the left side and the right side of the vehicle body, and the program rotates the control valve towards the direction of no people outside the vehicle;
4. when people are in the vehicle and around the vehicle, the vertical downward angle of the valve is kept unchanged.
In the system arrangement process, the infrared sensor 1 is arranged at the top in the vehicle, and the front row and the rear row are respectively arranged and used for sensing whether people exist in the front row and the rear row in the vehicle. Ultrasonic sensor 5 arranges the left and right sides at the rear of a vehicle and car for whether there is people or barrier outside the perception car, and the arrangement of rear of a vehicle is similar with current vehicle radar of backing a car and arranges, and the left side of car is because the span is great, and ultrasonic sensor 5 detection angle scope is limited, so adopts two ultrasonic sensor, separately arranges near the front and back door, thereby realizes the universe and surveys the cover. The right side of the vehicle is arranged on the same left side, and 6 ultrasonic sensors are shared. Because people and obstacles cannot be distinguished by ultrasonic waves, people and obstacles are further distinguished by the adoption of the millet intelligent camera. The maximum visual angle of the millet camera is 170 degrees, and three directions can be used for completely covering the left direction, the right direction and the rear direction of the vehicle. As shown in fig. 1, three cameras are arranged on the roof solar panel in a concentrated manner, so that the view of the cameras is not blocked. The temperature sensor 4 is arranged near the TPRD, can sense the temperature near the valve in real time, judges whether a fire happens or not and starts a safety system at the first time.
As shown in fig. 3, the three-dimensional steering subsystem includes a first pressure-releasing pipeline 6, a second pressure-releasing pipeline 7 and a guide pipe 8, a first rotating rod 9 is vertically arranged in the second pressure-releasing pipeline 7, one end of the first rotating rod 9 is connected with a first fixing rod 10, the first fixing rod 10 is fixedly connected with the second pressure-releasing pipeline 7, a second rotating rod 11 is horizontally arranged in the second pressure-releasing pipeline 7, one end of the second rotating rod 11 is connected with a second fixing rod 12, the second fixing rod 12 is fixedly connected with the guide pipe 8, the first pressure-releasing pipeline 6 is hermetically connected with the second pressure-releasing pipeline 7 and the guide pipe 8, the inside of the connection is an open structure, the first pressure-releasing pipeline 6 and the second pressure-releasing pipeline 7, the guide pipe 8 are cylindrical structures, the other ends of the second rotating rod 9 and the first rotating rod 11 are connected with a driving device 13, the first rotating rod 9 is driven by the driving device 13 to rotate, first bull stick 9 rotates and drives first dead lever 10 and rotate, first dead lever 10 and second pressure release pipeline 7 fixed connection, therefore, second pressure release pipeline 7 rotates under first bull stick 9's effect, and on the same hand, drive arrangement 13 drives second bull stick 11 and rotates, second bull stick 11 rotates and drives second dead lever 12 and rotate, second dead lever 12 and 8 fixed connection of stand pipe, therefore, stand pipe 8 rotates under second bull stick 11's effect, thereby three-dimensionally turn to, first pressure release pipeline 6 and second pressure release pipeline 7, stand pipe 8 is cylindrical structure, can guarantee its leakproofness at the rotation in-process.
Example 2
The environment perception function of the safety system needs 24 hours of operation, the energy consumption is large, in order to solve the problem that the system provides energy by who, a vehicle-mounted solar panel is introduced to supply power for the whole system, and additional energy consumption of newly-added equipment is not increased to a vehicle. At present, the relatively mature solar cell panel products on the market comprise two types, namely a traditional monocrystalline silicon solar panel and a semi-flexible monocrystalline silicon solar panel, and the latter is good in bending performance and more suitable for being used in a vehicle-mounted environment, so that the semi-flexible solar panel 3 is selected. The roof is covered with the semi-flexible solar panel 3, the generated electric quantity is stored by a solar panel matched battery, and the redundant electric quantity is directly charged into a vehicle-mounted storage battery and can be used for other vehicle-mounted power requirements such as illumination and the like.
In addition, the solar cell panel carries a battery, an additional power supply can be provided for various sensors, a double-circuit power supply is formed together with the vehicle-mounted storage battery, when one battery is damaged due to faults, the other battery can still provide electric energy for equipment of the safety system, and the operation reliability of the system is improved.
The area of the FCX-Clarity roof of the Honda hydrogen fuel cell automobile is about 3.25m2, and the area of the solar cell panel is taken as the area of the roof for subsequent energy balance analysis and calculation.
In a safety system, a pressure relief steering device and an alarm are started when a fire occurs, the energy consumption is negligible, and the energy consumption of equipment which needs to run for 24 hours is large, and the safety system comprises: three on-vehicle cameras, two infrared sensors in the car and six ultrasonic sensors. The power consumption of these devices is as follows:
(1) the rated power of the vehicle-mounted camera is 5w, and the built-in image processing chip is about 0.075 w.
(2) The infrared sensor has a power rating of 0.00036w (negligible).
(3) The rated power of the ultrasonic sensor is 0.01 w.
Calculated as follows: the total energy consumption of the equipment per day is about 1.32X 106J, which is equivalent to 0.36 kw.h.
Solar power supply amount analysis
The area of a monocrystalline silicon semi-flexible solar cell panel used in the system after the monocrystalline silicon semi-flexible solar cell panel is paved on the roof is 3.25m2, the photoelectric conversion efficiency eta 1 is between 15% and 18%, and the intermediate value eta 1 is 16.5% for calculation. By taking the sea city as an example, the solar radiation amount of each month in typical meteorological year in Shanghai is firstly inquired, then the solar panel power generation amount in the season with minimum radiation is calculated, and when the season power generation amount is larger than the power consumption of equipment, the solar panel power generation amount is considered to be satisfied all the year round. The season with the least solar radiation in Shanghai city is winter (12, 1 and 2 months), the total radiation quantity Wtotal in winter is 675MJ/m2, and the average radiation quantity W per day is 7.5MJ/m 2.
When the vehicle is parked and travels, the solar radiation is uncertain, the roof is shaded by shadows, and the radiation quantity which can be received by a solar panel of the roof is half of the theoretical value in one day (eta 2 is 0.5).
Therefore, the average solar panel generating capacity E in Shanghai city in winter is as follows: since E ═ W × a × η 1 × η 2 ═ 1.97 × 106J corresponds to 0.55kw · h and is larger than the facility power consumption amount by 0.36kw · h, energy autonomy can be realized all year round in the Shanghai region.
Example 3
In order to test how much degree the pressure release valve rotates in the pressure release process can reduce the catastrophic consequences to a greater extent, numerical simulation is carried out, when the TPRD leaks downwards vertically, the whole vehicle is surrounded by hydrogen flame, and a front-row driver and a rear-row passenger cannot escape, so that the experimental result is consistent with that of a Japanese automobile research institute. When the orientation of the TPRD is changed to be a 30-degree inclination angle at the back, the front row drivers can safely escape, but the rear row passengers are still surrounded by flames and are difficult to escape as can be seen from the figure. When the inclination angle of the TPRD is changed to 45 degrees, no hydrogen flame exists in the front door and the rear door, and a driver and passengers can escape smoothly, so that the degree of disastrous consequences is reduced to the minimum when the inclination angle is 45 degrees.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A solar-powered vehicle-mounted hydrogen intelligent safety method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1. when the temperature sensor (4) detects that the temperature near the hot melt pressure release valve exceeds 90 ℃, the infrared sensor (1) is used for detecting whether a person is in the vehicle, and when no person is in the vehicle, the pressure release port of the valve keeps a vertical downward angle;
2. when a person is in the vehicle, the ultrasonic sensor (5) sequentially detects whether obstacles exist at the rear, the left side and the right side of the vehicle body, and the program rotates the pressure relief port of the control valve towards the direction without the obstacles outside the vehicle;
3. when obstacles exist outside the vehicle, the vehicle-mounted camera (2) sequentially detects whether people exist at the rear, the left side and the right side of the vehicle body, and the program rotates the pressure relief port of the control valve towards the direction of no people outside the vehicle;
4. when people are in the vehicle and around the vehicle, the pressure relief opening of the valve still keeps a vertical downward angle.
2. The vehicle-mounted hydrogen intelligent safety system powered by solar energy is characterized by comprising a three-dimensional steering subsystem, an environment sensing subsystem and an intelligent control subsystem, wherein the environment sensing subsystem comprises an ultrasonic sensor (5), an infrared sensor (1), a vehicle-mounted camera (2) and a temperature sensor (4), the ultrasonic sensor (5) is used for detecting whether barriers are arranged at the rear and two sides of a vehicle body, the vehicle-mounted camera (2) is used for detecting whether the barriers at the rear and two sides of the vehicle body are human, the infrared sensor (1) is used for detecting whether a human is arranged in the vehicle body, the temperature sensor (4) is used for detecting the ambient temperature of a hot-melt pressure release valve, the three-dimensional steering subsystem is used for controlling a pressure release port of the hot-melt pressure release valve to rotate towards any direction of the rear and two sides of the vehicle body, and the intelligent control subsystem, and controls the three-dimensional steering subsystem to implement the solar intelligent powered vehicle-mounted hydrogen safety method as claimed in claim 1.
3. The intelligent solar-powered vehicle-mounted hydrogen safety system according to claim 2, wherein the three-dimensional steering subsystem comprises a first pressure relief pipeline (6), a second pressure relief pipeline (7) and a guide pipe (8), a first rotating rod (9) is arranged in the second pressure relief pipeline (7) in the vertical direction, a first fixing rod (10) is connected to one end of the first rotating rod (9), the first fixing rod (10) is fixedly connected with the second pressure relief pipeline (7), a second rotating rod (11) is arranged in the second pressure relief pipeline (7) in the horizontal direction, a second fixing rod (12) is connected to one end of the second rotating rod (11), the second fixing rod (12) is fixedly connected with the guide pipe (8), and the first pressure relief pipeline (6) is hermetically connected with the second pressure relief pipeline (7) and the guide pipe (8), and the inside of junction is open structure, first pressure release pipeline (6) and second pressure release pipeline (7), stand pipe (8) are cylindrical structure, the other end of second bull stick (9) and first steering column (11) is connected with drive arrangement (13).
4. The intelligent solar-powered vehicle-mounted hydrogen safety system according to claim 3, wherein the three-dimensional steering structure drives the pressure relief port of the hot-melt pressure relief valve to rotate by an angle of 45 degrees in any direction.
5. The intelligent solar-powered vehicle-mounted hydrogen safety system according to claim 2, further comprising an energy supply subsystem, wherein the energy supply subsystem provides electrical energy to the system.
6. The intelligent solar powered vehicle hydrogen safety system according to claim 5, wherein the energy supply subsystem comprises a semi-flexible solar panel (3), a solar storage battery and a vehicle storage battery, the semi-flexible solar panel (3) covers the whole vehicle roof, and the solar storage battery and the vehicle storage battery form a double-circuit power supply structure.
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