CN111990663A - Can reduce broken shell equipment of walnut-meat surface damage - Google Patents
Can reduce broken shell equipment of walnut-meat surface damage Download PDFInfo
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- CN111990663A CN111990663A CN202010953819.5A CN202010953819A CN111990663A CN 111990663 A CN111990663 A CN 111990663A CN 202010953819 A CN202010953819 A CN 202010953819A CN 111990663 A CN111990663 A CN 111990663A
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- Prior art keywords
- shell
- grading
- plate
- walnut
- walnuts
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N12/00—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts
- A23N12/08—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts for drying or roasting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N12/00—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts
- A23N12/08—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts for drying or roasting
- A23N12/12—Auxiliary devices for roasting machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/04—Stationary flat screens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B07B9/02—Combinations of similar or different apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B5/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
- B08B5/04—Cleaning by suction, with or without auxiliary action
- B08B5/043—Cleaning travelling work
Abstract
The invention discloses a walnut kernel surface damage reducing shell breaking device which comprises a shell, an air drying assembly, a grading assembly, a shell breaking assembly and a shell and kernel separating device, wherein a feed hopper is arranged at the top end of the shell and used for introducing walnuts to be broken into the device, and the walnut kernel surface damage reducing shell breaking device is characterized in that: the upper end in the shell is provided with an air drying assembly for drying the walnuts to be shelled so that the dried walnuts enter the grading assembly; the grading component is arranged at the right end in the shell, and forms a grading chamber with the inner wall of the right side of the shell for grading the size of the walnuts; the shell is internally provided with a plurality of shell breaking components which are respectively communicated with the grading components and used for breaking the shells of the walnuts; the left side in the casing is also provided with a shell and kernel separating device, and the shell and kernel separation is carried out on the broken walnut so as to collect more complete walnut kernels.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural product processing, and particularly relates to a shell breaking device capable of reducing surface damage of walnut kernels.
Background
The walnut is one of four nuts in the world, the nut has high nutritional value, is popular with people, and because the shell of the walnut is hard, a shell breaking device is needed for carrying out shell breaking treatment on the walnut, however, according to investigation, the existing walnut shell breaking device usually has the following problems:
1. the walnut is not fully dried before the walnut shell is broken, so that the walnut is not easy to break the shell and is even broken together with the walnut kernel;
2. the walnut breaking device is used for intensively breaking the shells of walnuts with different sizes by using the fixed shell breaking device, so that the shells of smaller walnuts are not completely broken, the walnut kernels are damaged by larger walnuts, the shell breaking effect cannot be ensured, and the integrity of the broken walnut kernels cannot be ensured by adopting a one-time extrusion shell breaking mode through a plurality of shell breaking devices;
3. after the walnut is subjected to shell breaking treatment by the existing shell breaking equipment, the shell and the kernel are separated by adopting a vibrating screen mode, so that the separation effect is poor, and the walnut kernels are easy to damage.
Therefore, the skilled person provides a hulling device capable of reducing damage to the surface of the walnut kernel, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a shell breaking device capable of reducing surface damage of walnut kernels comprises a shell, an air drying assembly, a grading assembly, a shell breaking assembly and a shell and kernel separating device, wherein a feed hopper is mounted at the top end of the shell and used for introducing the walnut kernels to be broken into the device, the air drying assembly is arranged at the upper end inside the shell and used for drying the walnut kernels to be broken, and the dried walnut kernels enter the grading assembly;
the grading component is arranged at the right end in the shell, and forms a grading chamber with the inner wall of the right side of the shell for grading the size of the walnuts;
the shell is internally provided with a plurality of shell breaking components which are respectively communicated with the grading components and used for breaking the shells of the walnuts;
the left side in the casing is also provided with a shell and kernel separating device, and the shell and kernel separation is carried out on the broken walnut so as to collect more complete walnut kernels.
Further, preferably, the air drying assembly comprises a drying air gun, a warm air drying fan and a conveying belt, wherein a plurality of drying air guns are mounted above the conveying belt, and a plurality of warm air drying fans are further arranged below the conveying belt;
the drying air guns are transversely and uniformly distributed on the top wall in the shell, and form an inclination angle of 30 degrees with the vertical direction along the clockwise direction;
the warm air drying fans are transversely and uniformly fixed on the cross beam below the conveying belt, and form an included angle of 20 degrees with the vertical direction;
the surface of the conveying belt is provided with a plurality of vent holes in a penetrating manner.
Further, preferably, the grading component comprises a grading plate, a guide plate and a temporary storage box, wherein the guide plate is arranged at the upper part of the grading chamber, the left end of the guide plate is fixed on the left wall of the grading chamber, and the grading plate is arranged below the guide plate;
the guide plate forms an included angle of 15 degrees with the horizontal direction;
the grading plate is inclined from the right end to the left lower side, the inclination angle is 8 degrees, a plurality of grading grooves are further formed in the surface of the grading plate, the diameter of a right-end circular arc and the diameter of a left-end circular arc of the cross section of each grading groove are 20mm and 50mm respectively, and the grading plates are connected into a closed ring through straight lines respectively tangent to the two circular arcs;
the temporary storage boxes are three and are respectively communicated with the grading grooves of the grading plates through hollow pipes.
Further, as preferred, the bottom of temporary storage box is communicated with a feeding pipe, the inner diameter of the feeding pipe is reduced from top to bottom in sequence, one end of the feeding pipe, which extends to the left wall of the grading chamber towards the left lower side, is a semi-open horizontal pipe orifice, the bottom of the feeding pipe is of an open structure, and the tail end of the pipe orifice is also provided with a baffle.
Further, preferably, the shell breaking assembly comprises a knocking mechanism, a turnover device and a feeding supporting device, wherein a plurality of knocking mechanisms are arranged right above the feeding supporting device, and the turnover device is further arranged between every two adjacent knocking mechanisms;
the lowest end of the turnover device is slightly lower than the maximum height in the vertical direction when the corresponding loading support device carries walnuts.
Further, preferably, the knocking structure comprises a rotating motor, a knocking rod, a spring and a limiting sleeve seat, the limiting sleeve seat is fixed on the supporting plate, the middle of the limiting sleeve seat is connected with the knocking rod in a sliding mode, the top end of the knocking rod extends upwards to penetrate above the transverse plate, and the spring is sleeved on the part, located between the transverse plate and the limiting sleeve seat, of the knocking rod;
the lower end of the knocking rod is provided with an arc-shaped pressing plate; moreover, the top end of the sliding plate is provided with an arc-shaped sliding plate;
the rotary motor is installed on the right side of the top end of the knocking rod and fixed on the transverse plate, and the output end of the rotary motor is provided with the cam disc.
Further, as preferred, turning device includes mount pad, micro motor and upset brush, the below of mount pad is rotated and is connected with the upset brush, the inside of mount pad still is provided with micro motor, just, micro motor passes through the slow at the uniform velocity rotation of belt drive upset brush.
Further, preferably, the feeding supporting device comprises a conveying chain, bearing seats, a material taking plate and an electric telescopic rod, wherein the plurality of bearing seats are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the conveying chain, the electric telescopic rod is embedded on the right side of each bearing seat, and the material taking plate is fixedly connected to the extending end of the electric telescopic rod;
a bearing plate is fixed at the top end of the bearing seat, and the cross section of the bearing plate is of an arc structure;
the material taking plate is connected to the right end of the pressure bearing disc in a sliding mode and extends upwards to form an extending portion, and the cross section of the extending portion is of an arc-shaped structure.
Further, preferably, the shell and kernel separating device comprises a centrifugal fan and a separating pipeline, and the bottom of the separating pipeline is provided with the centrifugal fan;
the top end of the separation pipeline is communicated with a dust collection box, the dust collection box is fixed on the right side of the machine shell, a filter plate is arranged in the dust collection box close to the inner wall of the left side, and a dust collection fan is arranged on the outer wall of the left side of the dust collection box;
the centrifugal fan is characterized in that a partition plate is further arranged above the centrifugal fan, the partition plate is obliquely fixed on the inner wall of the separation pipeline along the left lower side, and a plurality of meshes are formed in the surface of the partition plate.
Further, preferably, a spring door I is arranged on the left wall of the separation pipeline close to the upper side of the partition plate, a plurality of spring doors II are arranged on the right wall of the separation pipeline, the left side of each spring door I is communicated with the collection pipe and extends to the outside of the shell, an arc-shaped sliding pipe is arranged on the right side of each spring door II, and the arc-shaped sliding pipes are fixed on the transverse plates through vertical rods;
the arc slide pipe is the trend of low right height on the left side, and, its and horizontal direction's contained angle is 20.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the equipment is provided with an air drying assembly, when the walnuts to be shelled are introduced into the device through a feed hopper, the walnuts are conveyed to the right slowly at a constant speed through a conveying belt, in the process, a drying air gun and a warm air drying fan are used for carrying out continuous drying treatment on the surfaces of the walnuts, so that the fully dried walnuts fall into a grading chamber in a smooth manner, the walnuts are fully dried, the toughness of shells of the walnuts is reduced, and the shell breaking is facilitated;
2. the device is also provided with a grading component which grades the fully dried walnuts in size, divides the fully dried walnuts into three specifications of large, medium and small, and breaks the shells through the corresponding shell breaking components respectively, so that the damage to the surfaces of the walnut kernels is greatly reduced while the complete shell breaking of the walnuts is ensured;
3. in the broken shell subassembly, the mode that adopts to carry out a lot of to strike every walnut surface carries out the broken shell, and to the damage that the walnut kernel surface produced when greatly reduced broken shell, meanwhile, still be provided with between two adjacent knocking mechanisms, the upset brush overturns the walnut through the reversal brush for knocking mechanism can carry out the multiple-point type to the walnut surface and strike, thereby makes the even breakage of walnut shell, has improved the broken shell effect of walnut.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a crust breaking assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the turning device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the classification plate of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a housing; 2. air-drying the assembly; 21. drying the air gun; 22. a warm air drying fan; 23. a conveyor belt; 3. a grading component; 31. a grading plate; 32. a guide plate; 33. a temporary storage box; 4. a hull breaking assembly; 41. a knocking mechanism; 411. a rotating electric machine; 412. knocking the rod; 413. a spring; 414. a limiting sleeve seat; 42. a turning device; 421. a mounting seat; 422. a micro motor; 423. turning over the brush; 43. a feeding support device; 431. a conveying chain; 432. a bearing seat; 433. taking a material plate; 434. an electric telescopic rod; 5. a shell and kernel separating device; 51. a centrifugal fan; 52. separating the pipeline; 6. a material bearing plate; 61. a dust collection fan; 7. a first spring door; 8. a second spring door; 9. an arc-shaped sliding pipe.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a walnut kernel breaking apparatus capable of reducing surface damage of walnut kernels includes a casing 1, an air drying assembly 2, a grading assembly 3, a walnut kernel breaking assembly 4 and a shell and kernel separating device 5, wherein a feed hopper is installed at a top end of the casing 1 for introducing the walnut kernels to be broken into the apparatus, and the air drying assembly 2 is installed at an upper end inside the casing 1 for drying the walnut kernels to be broken so that the dried walnut kernels enter the grading assembly 3;
the grading component 3 is arranged at the right end in the shell 1, and forms a grading chamber with the inner wall of the right side of the shell 1 for grading the size of the walnuts;
a plurality of shell breaking assemblies 4 are arranged in the shell 1, are respectively communicated with the grading assembly 3 and are used for breaking shells of walnuts;
the left side of the interior of the machine shell 1 is also provided with a shell and kernel separating device 5 which is used for separating shells and kernels of the broken walnuts so as to collect complete walnut kernels.
In this embodiment, the air drying assembly 2 includes a drying air gun 21, a warm air drying fan 22 and a conveying belt 23, wherein a plurality of drying air guns 21 are installed above the conveying belt 23, and a plurality of warm air drying fans 22 are further arranged below the conveying belt 23;
the drying air guns 21 are transversely and uniformly distributed on the top wall of the interior of the machine shell 1, and form an inclination angle of 30 degrees with the vertical direction along the clockwise direction;
the warm air drying fans 22 are transversely and uniformly fixed on the cross beam below the conveying belt 23, and form an included angle of 20 degrees with the vertical direction;
the drying air gun 21 and the warm air drying fan 22 blow out warm air to accelerate the evaporation of water on the surface of the walnuts so as to dry the walnuts more quickly, and meanwhile, the inclination angles of the drying air gun 21 and the warm air drying fan 22 are tested for many times, so that the drying effect of the walnuts on the conveying belt 23 is the best;
a plurality of vent holes are formed in the surface of the conveying belt 23 in a penetrating mode, so that the bottom of the walnut can be dried by the warm air drying fan 22.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, as a preferred embodiment, the classifying unit 3 includes a classifying plate 31, a guide plate 32 and a temporary storage box 33, the guide plate 32 is disposed at the upper part of the classifying chamber, and the left end thereof is fixed to the left wall of the classifying chamber, the classifying plate 31 is installed below the guide plate 32;
the angle between the guide plate 32 and the horizontal direction is 15 degrees;
the classifying plate 31 is inclined from the right end to the left lower side, the inclination angle is 8 degrees, it is noted that the inclination angle of the classifying plate 31 ensures that the walnut gliding speed is not too high, namely, the condition of walnut classifying disorder caused by too high speed and large inertia is avoided, the surface of the classifying plate 31 is also provided with a plurality of classifying grooves, compared with the traditional round hole type classifying device, the classifying plate 31 in the device is not blocked, so that the classifying process is smoother, the production efficiency is improved, in addition, the diameter of the arc at the right end of the cross section of the classifying groove is 20mm, the diameter of the arc at the left end is 50mm, and the arc is connected into a closed ring shape through straight lines respectively tangent to the two arcs, wherein, the classifying plate 31 in the device limits the grain size range of large-size walnuts to be 35mm or more, the grain size to be 28 mm-35 mm (including a boundary value) to be limited to be a medium specification, a small size is defined below 28 mm;
the temporary storage boxes 33 are three and are respectively communicated with the grading grooves of the grading plate 31 through hollow pipes.
In this embodiment, the bottom of the temporary storage box 33 is communicated with a feeding pipe, the inner diameter of the feeding pipe is sequentially reduced from top to bottom, a half-open horizontal pipe orifice is formed in one end of the feeding pipe, which extends to the left wall of the grading chamber from the left lower side, the bottom of the feeding pipe is of an open structure, a baffle is further arranged at the tail end of the pipe orifice, and a gap at the opening at the tail end of the feeding pipe is enough for the material taking plate 433 to pass through so that the walnut in the feeding pipe can be taken and placed on the pressure bearing disc by the material taking plate.
Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment, the crust breaking assembly 4 includes a knocking mechanism 41, a turnover device 42 and a feeding supporting device 43, a plurality of knocking mechanisms 41 are arranged right above the feeding supporting device 43, and a turnover device 42 is further installed between every two adjacent knocking mechanisms 41;
the lowest end of the turnover device 42 is slightly lower than the maximum height in the vertical direction when the corresponding loading supporting device 43 carries the walnut, so that the walnut can be contacted with the turnover device 42 when passing through the turnover device, the turnover of the walnut is completed, the knocking mechanism 41 is favorable for knocking different positions on the surface of the walnut, and the shell breaking effect of the walnut is improved.
In this embodiment, the knocking structure 41 includes a rotating electrical machine 411, a knocking rod 412, a spring 413 and a limiting sleeve seat 414, the limiting sleeve seat 414 is fixed on the supporting plate, the middle portion of the limiting sleeve seat 414 is slidably connected with the knocking rod 412, the top end of the knocking rod 412 extends upward to penetrate above the transverse plate, and the spring 413 is sleeved on the part, between the transverse plate and the limiting sleeve seat 414, of the knocking rod 412;
an arc-shaped pressing plate is arranged at the lower end of the knocking rod 412; moreover, the top end of the sliding plate is provided with an arc-shaped sliding plate;
the rotary motor 411 is installed on the right side of the top end of the knocking rod 412, the rotary motor 411 is fixed on the transverse plate, the output end of the rotary motor 411 is provided with a cam disc, the rotary motor 411 drives the cam disc to rotate, and therefore the knocking rod 412 can do up-and-down intermittent reciprocating motion.
Referring to fig. 4, as a preferred embodiment, turning device 42 includes mount pad 421, micro motor 422 and upset brush 423, the below of mount pad 421 is rotated and is connected with upset brush 423, the inside of mount pad 421 still is provided with micro motor 422, just, micro motor 422 passes through belt drive upset brush 423 and slowly rotates at the uniform velocity, and when the walnut contacted with upset brush 423 from right to left, the walnut can overturn right, and simultaneously, under the rotation of upset brush 423 for the walnut can the slant upset, it needs to be noted that, the rotation opposite direction of two upset brushes 423 for walnut knocking mechanism 412 can carry out the cubic to the biggest scope on walnut surface and strike, has further improved broken shell effect, has reduced the damage to the walnut kernel surface simultaneously.
Referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, the feeding supporting device 43 includes a feeding chain 431, a supporting seat 432, a material taking plate 433 and an electric telescopic rod 434, a plurality of supporting seats 432 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the feeding chain 431, an electric telescopic rod 434 is embedded on the right side of each supporting seat 432, the material taking plate 433 is fixedly connected to the extending end of the electric telescopic rod 434, and the electric telescopic rod 434 controls the material taking plate 433 to stretch and retract so as to complete material taking, and meanwhile, when passing through a turning brush 423, walnuts are prevented from falling off from the supporting plate;
a bearing disc is fixed at the top end of the bearing seat 432, the cross section of the bearing disc is of an arc structure, and the radian of the bearing disc is required to ensure that walnuts cannot fall off in the conveying process and when the overturning brush 423 overturns;
the material taking plate 433 is connected to the right end of the pressure bearing disc in a sliding mode and extends upwards to form an extending portion, and the cross section of the extending portion is of an arc-shaped structure.
In this embodiment, the shell-kernel separation device 5 includes a centrifugal fan 51 and a separation pipeline 52, and the centrifugal fan 51 is installed at the bottom of the separation pipeline 52;
the top end of the separation pipeline 52 is communicated with a dust collection box 6, the dust collection box 6 is fixed on the right side of the machine shell 1, a filter plate is arranged in the dust collection box 6 close to the inner wall of the left side, and a dust collection fan 61 is arranged on the outer wall of the left side of the dust collection box 6;
a partition board is also arranged above the centrifugal fan 51, the partition board is obliquely fixed on the inner wall of the separation pipeline 52 along the lower left side, and the surface of the partition board is provided with a plurality of meshes;
as the walnuts are knocked for a plurality of times, the walnut shells are broken into smaller broken shells, the broken shells are sucked into the dust collection box 6 under the combined action of the centrifugal fan 51 and the dust collection fan 61, and the walnut kernels flow to the collection pipe through the first spring door 7.
In the embodiment, a first spring door 7 is arranged on the left wall of the separation pipeline 52 close to the upper part of the partition plate, a plurality of second spring doors 8 are arranged on the right wall of the separation pipeline, the left side of the first spring door 7 is communicated with the collecting pipe and extends to the outside of the machine shell 1, an arc-shaped sliding pipe 9 is arranged on the right side of each second spring door 8, and the arc-shaped sliding pipe 9 is fixed on the transverse plate through a vertical rod;
the arc-shaped sliding pipe 9 is in a trend of being low at the left and high at the right, and the included angle between the arc-shaped sliding pipe and the horizontal direction is 20 degrees, so that the walnut after breaking the shell can be smoothly drawn into the separation pipeline 52.
Specifically, the walnuts to be shelled fall onto a conveying belt 23 from a feed hopper, and are slowly conveyed rightwards at a constant speed along with the conveying belt 23, the surfaces of the walnuts are fully dried by a drying air gun 21 and a warm air drying fan 22 in the conveying process, the fully dried walnuts fall into a grading chamber from the right end of the conveying belt 23, the walnuts are divided into a large size, a medium size and a small size by a grading plate 31 and respectively fall into corresponding temporary storage boxes 33, wherein the grading plate 31 in the device limits the grain size range of the large-size walnuts to be 35mm and above, the grain size range of the large-size walnuts to be 28 mm-35 mm (including a boundary value) to be the medium size, the walnuts below 28mm to be the small size, the walnuts of the three sizes are respectively arranged in sequence in the conveying pipe, a material taking plate 433 is driven to extend by an electric telescopic rod 434 in a material loading supporting device 43, and the walnuts at the tail end of the conveying pipe are simultaneously lifted along, next, strike the walnut surface by knocking mechanism 41, overturn the walnut through upset brush 423 again, strike the mechanism 41 once more by next, repeat this process, and, whole in-process walnut is overturned twice, its surface is strikeed the cubic, it needs to notice, strike the in-process to the cubic that the walnut goes on, strike the dynamics of strikeing and attenuate gradually, be favorable to guaranteeing the integrality on walnut kernel surface, the walnut of broken shell falls into arc sliding tube 9 by the left side of defeated material chain 431, then slide to separating duct 52 in, owing to strike the walnut many times, make the walnut shell break into less broken shell, under centrifugal fan 51 and dust absorption fan 61's combined action, make the broken shell sucked in dust collection box 6, two walnut kernels then flow to by spring door one 7 collecting pipes, accomplish the collection to more complete walnut kernel.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and equivalent substitutions or changes according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a can reduce walnut kernel surface damage's broken shell equipment, its includes casing (1), air-dries subassembly (2), hierarchical subassembly (3), broken shell subassembly (4) and shell benevolence separator (5), wherein, the feeder hopper is installed on the top of casing (1) for in will waiting to break the shell walnut and introducing this equipment, its characterized in that: the upper end in the shell (1) is provided with an air drying assembly (2) which is used for drying the walnuts to be shelled so that the dried walnuts enter the grading assembly (3);
the grading component (3) is arranged at the right end in the shell (1), and forms a grading chamber with the inner wall of the right side of the shell (1) for grading the size of the walnuts;
a plurality of shell breaking components (4) are arranged in the shell (1), are respectively communicated with the grading component (3) and are used for breaking the shells of the walnuts;
the left side of the interior of the machine shell (1) is also provided with a shell and kernel separating device (5) for separating the shell and kernel of the broken walnut so as to collect complete walnut kernels.
2. The hulling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hulling apparatus is capable of reducing surface damage of the walnut kernel: the air drying component (2) comprises drying air guns (21), warm air drying fans (22) and a conveying belt (23), wherein a plurality of drying air guns (21) are installed above the conveying belt (23), and a plurality of warm air drying fans (22) are arranged below the conveying belt (23);
the drying air guns (21) are transversely and uniformly distributed on the top wall in the shell (1) and form an inclination angle of 30 degrees with the vertical direction along the clockwise direction;
the warm air drying fan (22) is transversely and uniformly fixed on a cross beam below the conveying belt (23) and forms an included angle of 20 degrees with the vertical direction;
the surface of the conveying belt (23) is provided with a plurality of vent holes in a penetrating manner.
3. The hulling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hulling apparatus is capable of reducing surface damage of the walnut kernel: the grading component (3) comprises a grading plate (31), a guide plate (32) and a temporary storage box (33), wherein the guide plate (32) is arranged at the upper part of the grading chamber, the left end of the guide plate is fixed on the left wall of the grading chamber, and the grading plate (31) is arranged below the guide plate (32);
the guide plate (32) forms an included angle of 15 degrees with the horizontal direction;
the grading plate (31) is inclined from the right end to the left lower side, the inclination angle is 8 degrees, a plurality of grading grooves are further formed in the surface of the grading plate (31), the diameter of a right-end circular arc and the diameter of a left-end circular arc of the cross section of each grading groove are 20mm and 50mm, and the grading grooves are connected into a closed ring shape through straight lines respectively tangent to the two circular arcs;
the three temporary storage boxes (33) are respectively communicated with the grading grooves of the grading plate (31) through hollow pipes.
4. A hulling apparatus as claimed in claim 3 which reduces damage to the surface of the walnut kernel, wherein: the bottom of the temporary storage box (33) is communicated with a feeding pipe, the inner diameter of the feeding pipe is sequentially reduced from top to bottom, one end of the feeding pipe, which extends to the left wall of the grading chamber towards the left lower side, is a semi-open horizontal pipe orifice, the bottom of the feeding pipe is of an open structure, and the tail end of the pipe orifice is also provided with a baffle plate.
5. The hulling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hulling apparatus is capable of reducing surface damage of the walnut kernel: the shell breaking assembly (4) comprises knocking mechanisms (41), turning devices (42) and a feeding supporting device (43), wherein a plurality of knocking mechanisms (41) are arranged right above the feeding supporting device (43), and the turning devices (42) are arranged between every two adjacent knocking mechanisms (41);
the lowest end of the turnover device (42) is slightly lower than the maximum height of the corresponding loading support device (43) in the vertical direction when the walnut is carried.
6. The hulling apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the hulling apparatus is adapted to reduce damage to the surface of the walnut kernel: the knocking structure (41) comprises a rotating motor (411), a knocking rod (412), a spring (413) and a limiting sleeve seat (414), the limiting sleeve seat (414) is fixed on the supporting plate, the middle part of the limiting sleeve seat (414) is connected with the knocking rod (412) in a sliding mode, the top end of the knocking rod (412) extends upwards to penetrate above the transverse plate, and the spring (413) is sleeved on the part, located between the transverse plate and the limiting sleeve seat (414), of the knocking rod (412);
an arc-shaped pressing plate is arranged at the lower end of the knocking rod (412); moreover, the top end of the sliding plate is provided with an arc-shaped sliding plate;
a rotating motor (411) is installed on the right side of the top end of the knocking rod (412), the rotating motor (411) is fixed on the transverse plate, and a cam disc is installed at the output end of the rotating motor.
7. The hulling apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the hulling apparatus is adapted to reduce damage to the surface of the walnut kernel: turning device (42) are including mount pad (421), micro motor (422) and upset brush (423), the below of mount pad (421) is rotated and is connected with upset brush (423), the inside of mount pad (421) still is provided with micro motor (422), just, micro motor (422) are through belt drive upset brush (423) slow at the uniform velocity rotation.
8. The hulling apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the hulling apparatus is adapted to reduce damage to the surface of the walnut kernel: the feeding supporting device (43) comprises a material conveying chain (431), a bearing seat (432), a material taking plate (433) and an electric telescopic rod (434), wherein a plurality of bearing seats (432) are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the material conveying chain (431), the electric telescopic rod (434) is embedded at the right side of each bearing seat (432), and the material taking plate (433) is fixedly connected to the extending end of each electric telescopic rod (434);
a pressure bearing disc is fixed at the top end of the bearing seat (432), and the cross section of the pressure bearing disc is of an arc structure;
the material taking plate (433) is connected to the right end of the pressure bearing disc in a sliding mode and extends upwards to form an extending portion, and the cross section of the extending portion is of an arc-shaped structure.
9. The hulling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hulling apparatus is capable of reducing surface damage of the walnut kernel: the shell and kernel separating device (5) comprises a centrifugal fan (51) and a separating pipeline (52), wherein the centrifugal fan (51) is installed at the bottom of the separating pipeline (52);
the top end of the separation pipeline (52) is communicated with a dust collection box (6), the dust collection box (6) is fixed on the right side of the machine shell (1), a filter plate is arranged in the dust collection box (6) close to the inner wall of the left side, and a dust collection fan (61) is arranged on the outer wall of the left side of the dust collection box (6);
a partition board is further arranged above the centrifugal fan (51), the partition board is obliquely fixed on the inner wall of the separation pipeline (52) along the lower left side, and a plurality of meshes are formed in the surface of the partition board.
10. A hulling apparatus as claimed in claim 9 which reduces damage to the surface of the walnut kernel, wherein: a first spring door (7) is arranged on the left wall of the separation pipeline (52) close to the upper part of the partition plate, a plurality of second spring doors (8) are arranged on the right wall of the separation pipeline, the left side of each first spring door (7) is communicated with the corresponding collecting pipe and extends to the outside of the machine shell (1), an arc-shaped sliding pipe (9) is arranged on the right side of each second spring door (8), and each arc-shaped sliding pipe (9) is fixed on the transverse plate through a vertical rod;
the arc-shaped sliding pipe (9) is in a trend of being low at the left and high at the right, and the included angle between the arc-shaped sliding pipe and the horizontal direction is 20 degrees.
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| CN202010953819.5A CN111990663B (en) | 2020-09-11 | 2020-09-11 | Can reduce broken shell equipment of walnut-meat surface damage |
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| CN202010953819.5A CN111990663B (en) | 2020-09-11 | 2020-09-11 | Can reduce broken shell equipment of walnut-meat surface damage |
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| CN112754029A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-05-07 | 塔里木大学 | Walnut shelling equipment and shelling method thereof |
| CN112890222A (en) * | 2021-01-31 | 2021-06-04 | 上海汇圣林业有限公司 | Walnut shell breaking and kernel taking device |
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| CN113951521A (en) * | 2021-10-23 | 2022-01-21 | 姚道勇 | Automatic device that breaks shell of tea-oil camellia seed |
| CN114391658A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-26 | 塔里木大学 | Walnut shell breaking and kernel taking method and device based on grinding-extrusion synergistic effect |
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