CN111990657A - Process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues - Google Patents
Process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111990657A CN111990657A CN202010676346.9A CN202010676346A CN111990657A CN 111990657 A CN111990657 A CN 111990657A CN 202010676346 A CN202010676346 A CN 202010676346A CN 111990657 A CN111990657 A CN 111990657A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- radix puerariae
- selenium
- rich radix
- rich
- extract
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 199
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 199
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
- A23L33/24—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: adding a dihydric solvent of water alcohol into natural selenium-rich radix Puerariae residue, extracting for three times by programmed heating process, filtering to obtain filtrate and residue, respectively, concentrating the filtrate to obtain crude product of water alcohol extract of selenium-rich radix Puerariae, and drying the residue to obtain crude product of cellulose of selenium-rich radix Puerariae; the whole process of the invention has simple process and easy control, is suitable for large-scale production, and the functional food prepared by utilizing the natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residue has health care function, particularly utilizes the raw material system waste, has low cost and environmental protection, not only has economic and environmental protection benefits, but also has social benefits, and achieves multiple purposes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues, belonging to the technical field of agricultural and forestry waste recycling food processing.
Background
Protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins, minerals, water, six nutrients required for human life and healthy growth; in recent years, a substance named as "dietary fiber" is coming into the sight of scientists, and is a special carbohydrate which cannot be decomposed by digestive tract enzymes of human bodies, but has important physiological functions and also becomes an indispensable substance for human bodies, so that the carbohydrate is called as "the seventh major nutrient" of human beings, the requirement on food is more and more refined along with the improvement of living standard of people, the content of crude fiber in the ingested food is less and less, modern "civilization diseases" such as constipation, obesity, arteriosclerosis, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes and the like seriously threaten the body health of modern people, and the supplement of dietary fiber in the food of people becomes urgent. Scientific research proves that proper dietary fiber needs to be taken to ensure human health. The proper dietary fiber intake can help gastrointestinal peristalsis and promote digestion and absorption of food; the dietary fiber also has strong water absorption, and can carry excessive nutrition out of human body when the nutrition is excessive, thereby facilitating excretion of feces and preventing constipation. Meanwhile, a plurality of harmful and toxic factors can be brought out of the body. The dietary fiber is often supplemented, so that the health constitution can be maintained, and various diseases such as coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus and the like can be effectively prevented. The british national consultant committee recommends dietary fiber intake of 25-30 g/day per population; the FDA recommended total dietary fiber intake in the United states is 20-35g per day for adults; the relevant organization in Australia indicates that 25g of dietary fiber is taken by people every day, and the morbidity and mortality of coronary heart disease can be obviously reduced. The Chinese Nutrition society proposes in 2000: the suitable intake of dietary fiber for adults in China is about 30g per day. According to measurement and calculation, the daily actual intake of all people in China is only about 14 g, the intake is seriously insufficient, and the intake gradually declines along with the improvement of the fine processing level of food; at present, the problem of nutrient deficiency of dietary fiber is not an individual problem and becomes a public problem.
The application of dietary fiber in the food industry is quite common, and particularly, the dietary fiber-containing bread, beverage, biscuit, dairy product and the like in supermarkets or convenience stores in European and American countries are all similar; about 20% of the instant cereal foods are functional foods rich in dietary fiber; the same European and American countries in Japan are also popular with dietary fiber foods, and more than 70% of functional drinks contain dietary fiber. In recent years, the structure of global food is being adjusted toward fibrous food. The consumption demand in japan and the usa increases at a rate of 10% per year; in developed countries, food enterprises attach great importance to the development of low-carbohydrate, low-calorie and low-fat foods aiming at the prevalence of hypertension, hyperglycemia and overweight. Over 1000 low calorie, low carbohydrate products have been introduced into the market in the united states for the past five years, and the price has remained the same. Numerous dietary fiber-supplemented fiber beverages, low-energy chocolate and nutrition bars, sports drinks, lactic acid bacteria beverages, milk tablets, etc. are available in the japanese market. International markets outside japan also emerge with a number of innovative fiber-fortified foods such as low-carbohydrate ice cream, fruit mates, yogurt, cookies, low-energy instant coffee, and the like. Most of these new products are introduced by international famous food companies such as Nestle, Dynence, Kafu, Unitrary, etc. Similarly, domestic food enterprises also need to pay attention to the development of dietary fiber foods. According to the survey of the current health status of residents in China, the daily intake of dietary fiber of a standard Chinese adult is only 18.7g and is far lower than the daily intake of 30.2g suggested by the Chinese Nutrition society, the overweight rate of Chinese adults reaches 22.8 percent (about 2 hundred million people), the prevalence rate of dyslipidemia reaches 18.6 percent (about 1.6 hundred million people), and overweight and dyslipidemia people are all rising sharply. The deficiency of dietary fiber intake is one of the important reasons for causing modern diseases, and food huge enterprises in China such as Mongolian cattle, illite, Guangming, Waha, farmer mountain spring and the like have recently been introduced to health foods rich in dietary fiber in two years, but most of the food is concentrated in the field of health foods and beverages, and the share of common foods is relatively small;
the dietary fiber is divided into two categories of water-soluble fiber and water-insoluble fiber, wherein the water-insoluble fiber comprises cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin; the physiological functions of different dietary fiber products are different in strength, and not all dietary fibers have good physiological functions. Generally, dietary fiber which is merely used as an energy-free filler is called ordinary dietary fiber, and dietary fiber which is used as a physiologically active substance is called high-quality dietary fiber. Several typical high quality dietary fibers found on the market are: inulin, polydextrose, resistant starch, chitosan, oat beta-glucan, and the like. The high-quality dietary fiber not only can be metabolized and fermented to a greater extent and more quickly in the large intestine and can be more easily utilized by intestinal beneficial bacteria, has the effects of controlling weight, regulating blood sugar, reducing blood fat, reducing cholesterol and the like, but also has good taste and texture, and is not rough in taste and natural in taste like the impression of people. In addition to the improvement of the mouthfeel, the processing performance of the high-quality dietary fiber is greatly improved, such as high stability and easier dissolution, and the color, transparency and shelf life of the beverage are not influenced when the high-quality dietary fiber is added into the beverage; the additive can bring more excellent texture characteristics when being added into bread; when the product is added into ice cream, the product can replace fat and sugar, and maintain rich fat feeling; therefore, the dietary fiber food can be added into food more easily without affecting the characteristics of the food, and brings more excellent quality for the food, which is also the reason of the obvious trend that high-quality dietary fiber food is gradually increased in developed countries abroad in recent years, and common dietary fiber food is gradually faded out of the market;
the kudzu root has the functions of clearing away greasy heat, eliminating phlegm, relieving cough and reducing blood sugar, and can protect the health of heart and cerebral vessels; wild radix Puerariae contains a large amount of dietary fiber, and has effects of relieving constipation, removing toxin in vivo, and reducing carcinogenesis; relieving hangover, invigorating stomach, protecting liver; the radix Puerariae powder can regulate human body function, enhance body constitution, improve organism disease resistance, resist aging and prolong life; the radix Puerariae isoflavone has high phytoestrogen, and can activate ovary activity and make skin smooth and tender. In addition, in the production practice, the radix puerariae with high puerarin content is found to be in a selenium-rich belt, so the radix puerariae produced by people has higher selenium content. Selenium is one of 14 trace elements essential to human health and animal body, has three biological functions of nutrition, toxicity and detoxification, and is called as life protective agent, and selenium deficiency in vivo can cause various diseases such as hepatic necrosis, myocardial degeneration, pancreas atrophy and fibrosis, muscular dystrophy, keshan disease, Kashin-Beck, cataract and the like. Selenium has effects of protecting myocardium health, preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular coronary heart disease, arteriosclerosis, resisting oxidation, resisting aging, and enhancing immunity. The total dietary structure survey results carried out in the early 90 th century show that the average value of the selenium intake in the daily diet of Chinese residents is 43.3 micrograms per day, which is lower than the lower limit of the recommended lower limit of the suitable selenium intake of 50 micrograms per day by the Chinese society of nutrition; the existing forms of selenium comprise inorganic selenium and organic selenium, but the inorganic selenium has higher toxicity, and the organic selenium is superior to the inorganic selenium in the aspects of safety, biological activity, bioavailability and the like; the pueraria flavone or puerarin extracted from the pueraria is generally extracted by high-concentration alcohol, in the pharmaceutical industry, the pueraria flavone or puerarin is generally extracted by high-concentration alcohol, a large amount of crude fiber, lignin, pueraria polysaccharide and the like are still stored in the extracted pueraria residue, and the pueraria residue used in the application is natural selenium-rich pueraria residue. The radix Puerariae polysaccharide has effects of resisting oxidation, enhancing immunity, lowering blood sugar, reducing blood lipid, and inhibiting bacteria.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues.
(II) technical scheme
The invention discloses a process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: adding water alcohol binary solvent into natural selenium-rich radix Puerariae residue, extracting for three times by programmed heating process, filtering to obtain filtrate and residue, respectively, concentrating the filtrate to obtain crude product of water alcohol extract of selenium-rich radix Puerariae, and drying the residue to obtain crude product of cellulose of selenium-rich radix Puerariae.
Further, the water-alcohol binary solvent is a binary mixed solvent of water and ethanol, wherein the content of the ethanol is 0-50%.
Further, adding a water alcohol binary solvent into the natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues, and extracting by adopting a temperature programming process, wherein the temperature programming process comprises the following steps: adding water alcohol binary solvent into natural selenium-rich radix Puerariae residue, heating to 68 deg.C to 72 deg.C within 15-50 min, maintaining for 20-25 min, heating to 78 deg.C to 82 deg.C within 15 min, maintaining for 10-15 min, and continuing heating to slightly boil for 25-30 min.
Further, adding a dihydric alcohol solvent into the natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues, and simultaneously adopting a temperature programming process and ultrasonic extraction, wherein the temperature programming process comprises the following steps: adding water alcohol binary solvent into radix Puerariae residue, heating to 68 deg.C to 72 deg.C within 15-50 min, maintaining for 20-25 min, heating to 78 deg.C to 82 deg.C within 15 min, maintaining for 10-15 min, and continuing heating to slightly boil for 25-30 min.
Furthermore, during the filtration, filter cloth is firstly used for filtration, then ceramic membrane filtration is used for filtration, the ceramic membrane filtration adopts ceramic membrane cross-flow microfiltration, and the aperture of the used membrane is between 50 nanometers and 15 micrometers.
Further, a triple-effect evaporator is adopted for triple-effect evaporation concentration in the concentration process, the temperature of the first effect is controlled to be 77-83 ℃, the temperature of the second effect is controlled to be 57-63 ℃, the temperature of the third effect is controlled to be 55-60 ℃, and the vacuum degree is controlled to be-0.09 MPa.
Further, removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix puerariae hydroalcoholic extract to obtain an alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract; adding the alcohol-free selenium-enriched extract, all the pre-dissolved inorganic salts and different flavoring agents into boiling water, heating to 50-55 ℃, homogenizing to micronize and enhance the stability, degassing, sterilizing and filling to obtain the selenium-enriched radix puerariae extract beverage containing active substances such as pueraria flavone, pueraria polysaccharide, organic selenium and the like, wherein the content of the selenium-enriched radix puerariae extract in the selenium-enriched radix puerariae extract beverage is 0.1-2%.
Further, removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix puerariae hydroalcoholic extract to obtain an alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract; the weight ratio of the components is as follows: 0.1-2% of alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract, less than 25% of white granulated sugar, 5-25% of palm oil, 0.4-4% of ammonium bicarbonate, 0.4-2% of sodium bicarbonate, 0.4-2% of experiment, less than 0.01% of edible spice and the balance of wheat flour, then adding purified water to blend the raw materials, rolling, standing, forming, baking, spraying oil and cooling to prepare the selenium-rich radix puerariae water extract biscuit containing active substances such as radix puerariae flavone, radix puerariae polysaccharide, organic selenium and the like.
Further, removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix puerariae hydroalcoholic extract to obtain an alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract; weighing the alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract according to the weight ratio of 0.1-2%, adding the raw materials of calcium stearoyl lactylate, sodium stearoyl lactylate, glucose oxidase, transglutaminase, xanthan gum, gelatin, monoglyceride, lipase and the like, uniformly mixing, then uniformly mixing with wheat gluten and wheat germ powder, and finally adding the pregelatinized starch and uniformly mixing; then the bread with the selenium-rich radix puerariae extract is prepared by the bread preparation method.
Further, removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix puerariae hydroalcoholic extract to obtain an alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract; weighing the alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract according to the weight ratio of 0.1-2%, adding the alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract into a noodle preparation raw material, and preparing the selenium-rich radix puerariae extract noodles according to a noodle preparation method.
Further, the crude selenium-rich puerarin product is crushed and screened, more than 60 meshes of selenium-rich puerarin fine cellulose is taken and added into processing raw materials such as biscuits, bread, noodles and the like according to the weight ratio of 2-30%, and the selenium-rich puerarin fine cellulose biscuits, bread, noodles and the like are obtained according to the method for preparing the biscuits, the bread and the noodles.
Further, the natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residue is obtained by extracting with high-concentration ethanol or performing enzymolysis firstly, extracting for three times with water by adopting a temperature programming process, filtering, concentrating and drying, the water extract is used as a food additive or prepared into health food, the residue left after water extraction can still be used, and the residue is dried and crushed to be used as insoluble dietary fiber.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the whole process of the invention has simple process and easy control, is suitable for large-scale production, prepares functional food by utilizing the natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residue, has health care function, particularly utilizes the raw material system waste, has low cost and environmental protection, not only has economic and environmental protection benefits, but also has social benefits, and achieves multiple purposes.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which will aid understanding of the invention, but do not limit the scope of the invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a process for preparing functional food from natural selenium-rich radix Puerariae residue comprises extracting natural selenium-rich radix Puerariae residue with water alcohol binary solvent for three times by programmed heating process, filtering to obtain filtrate and residue, respectively, concentrating the filtrate to obtain crude product of water alcohol extract of selenium-rich radix Puerariae, and drying the residue to obtain crude product of cellulose of selenium-rich radix Puerariae;
wherein the water-alcohol binary solvent is a binary mixed solvent of water and ethanol, wherein the ethanol content is 0%;
adding a water alcohol binary solvent into natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues, and extracting by adopting a programmed heating process, wherein the programmed heating process comprises the following steps: adding a dihydric alcohol solvent into the natural selenium-rich radix Puerariae residue, heating to 68 deg.C within 15 min, maintaining for 20 min, heating to 78 deg.C within 15 min, maintaining for 10 min, and continuing heating to slightly boil for 25 min;
adding a dihydric alcohol solvent into natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues, and adopting a programmed heating process and ultrasonic extraction, wherein the programmed heating process comprises the following steps: adding water alcohol binary solvent into radix Puerariae residue, heating to 68 deg.C within 15 min, maintaining for 20 min, heating to 78 deg.C within 15 min, maintaining for 10 min, and continuing heating to slightly boil for 25 min;
during filtering, filtering by using filter cloth, and then filtering by using a ceramic membrane, wherein the ceramic membrane is used for filtering by adopting ceramic membrane cross flow microfiltration, and the aperture of the used membrane is 50 nanometers;
the concentration process adopts a triple-effect evaporator to carry out triple-effect evaporation concentration, wherein the temperature of the first effect is controlled at 77 ℃, the temperature of the second effect is controlled at 57 ℃, the temperature of the third effect is controlled at 55 ℃, and the vacuum degree is controlled at-0.09 MPa;
removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; adding alcohol-free selenium-rich extract, all dissolved inorganic salts and different flavoring agents into boiling water, heating to 50 ℃, homogenizing to micronize and enhance the stability, degassing, sterilizing, and bottling to obtain selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract beverage containing active substances such as radix Puerariae flavone, radix Puerariae polysaccharide, organic selenium, etc., wherein the selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract beverage contains 0.1% of selenium-rich radix Puerariae water extract;
removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; the weight ratio of the components is as follows: 0.1% of alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract, less than 25% of white granulated sugar, 5% of palm oil, 0.4% of ammonium bicarbonate, 0.4% of baking soda, 0.4% of experiment, less than 0.01% of edible spice and the balance of wheat flour, and then adding purified water to blend the raw materials, rolling, standing, forming, baking, spraying oil and cooling to prepare selenium-rich radix puerariae water extract biscuits containing active substances such as radix puerariae flavone, radix puerariae polysaccharide, organic selenium and the like;
removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; weighing the alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract according to the weight ratio of 0.1-2%, adding the raw materials of calcium stearoyl lactylate, sodium stearoyl lactylate, glucose oxidase, transglutaminase, xanthan gum, gelatin, monoglyceride, lipase and the like, uniformly mixing, then uniformly mixing with wheat gluten and wheat germ powder, and finally adding the pregelatinized starch and uniformly mixing; then the preparation method of the bread is used for preparing the selenium-rich radix puerariae extract bread;
removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; weighing the alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract according to the weight ratio of 0.1%, adding into noodle preparation raw materials, and preparing into selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract noodles according to the noodle preparation method;
pulverizing the crude product of the selenium-rich radix puerariae cellulose, screening, adding the selenium-rich radix puerariae fine cellulose with the granularity of more than 60 meshes into processing raw materials such as biscuits, bread, noodles and the like according to the weight ratio of 2%, and preparing the selenium-rich radix puerariae fine cellulose biscuits, bread, noodles and the like according to a biscuit, bread, noodle preparation method, wherein the prepared diet product with the weight-losing function contains a large amount of selenium-rich radix puerariae fine cellulose and a proper amount of active substances such as pueraria flavone, pueraria polysaccharide, organic selenium and the like;
the natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residue is obtained by extracting with high-concentration ethanol or performing enzymolysis firstly, extracting with water for three times by adopting a temperature programming process, filtering, concentrating and drying, wherein the water extract is used as a food additive or prepared into health food, the residue left after water extraction can still be used, and the dried and crushed residue is used as insoluble dietary fiber.
Example two:
a process for preparing functional food from natural selenium-rich radix Puerariae residue comprises extracting natural selenium-rich radix Puerariae residue with water alcohol binary solvent for three times by programmed heating process, filtering to obtain filtrate and residue, respectively, concentrating the filtrate to obtain crude product of water alcohol extract of selenium-rich radix Puerariae, and drying the residue to obtain crude product of cellulose of selenium-rich radix Puerariae;
wherein the water-alcohol binary solvent is a binary mixed solvent of water and ethanol, wherein the ethanol content is 50%;
adding a water alcohol binary solvent into natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues, and extracting by adopting a programmed heating process, wherein the programmed heating process comprises the following steps: adding a dihydric alcohol solvent into the natural selenium-rich radix Puerariae residue, heating to 72 deg.C within 50 min, maintaining for 25 min, heating to 82 deg.C within 15 min, maintaining for 15 min, and continuing heating to slightly boil for 30 min;
adding a dihydric alcohol solvent into natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues, and adopting a programmed heating process and ultrasonic extraction, wherein the programmed heating process comprises the following steps: adding water alcohol binary solvent into radix Puerariae residue, heating to 72 deg.C within 50 min, maintaining for 25 min, heating to 82 deg.C within 15 min, maintaining for 15 min, and continuing heating to slightly boil for 30 min;
during filtering, filtering with filter cloth, and then filtering with ceramic membrane, wherein the ceramic membrane is used for cross-flow microfiltration, and the pore diameter of the used membrane is 15 microns;
the concentration process adopts a triple-effect evaporator to carry out triple-effect evaporation concentration, wherein the temperature of the first effect is controlled at 83 ℃, the temperature of the second effect is controlled at 63 ℃, the temperature of the third effect is controlled at 60 ℃, and the vacuum degree is controlled at-0.09 MPa;
removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; adding alcohol-free selenium-enriched extract, all dissolved inorganic salts and different flavoring agents into boiling water, heating to 55 ℃, homogenizing to micronize and enhance the stability, degassing, sterilizing and filling to obtain selenium-enriched radix Puerariae extract beverage containing active substances such as radix Puerariae flavone, radix Puerariae polysaccharide and organic selenium, wherein the selenium-enriched radix Puerariae extract beverage contains 0.1-2% of selenium-enriched radix Puerariae water extract;
removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; the weight ratio of the components is as follows: 2% of alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract, less than 25% of white granulated sugar, 25% of palm oil, 4% of ammonium bicarbonate, 2% of baking soda, 2% of experiment, less than 0.01% of edible spice and the balance of wheat flour, then adding purified water to blend the raw materials, rolling, standing, molding, baking, spraying oil and cooling to prepare selenium-rich radix puerariae water extract biscuits containing active substances such as radix puerariae flavone, radix puerariae polysaccharide, organic selenium and the like;
removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; weighing the alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract according to the weight ratio of 2%, adding the raw materials of calcium stearoyl lactylate, sodium stearoyl lactylate, glucose oxidase, transglutaminase, xanthan gum, gelatin, monoglyceride, lipase and the like, uniformly mixing, then uniformly mixing with wheat gluten and wheat germ powder, and finally adding the pregelatinized starch and uniformly mixing; then the preparation method of the bread is used for preparing the selenium-rich radix puerariae extract bread;
removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; weighing the alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract according to the weight ratio of 2 percent of the components, adding the alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract into a noodle preparation raw material, and preparing the selenium-rich radix puerariae extract noodles according to a noodle preparation method;
pulverizing the crude product of the selenium-rich radix puerariae cellulose, screening, adding the selenium-rich radix puerariae fine cellulose with the granularity of more than 60 meshes into processing raw materials such as biscuits, bread, noodles and the like according to the weight ratio of 30%, and preparing the selenium-rich radix puerariae fine cellulose biscuits, bread, noodles and the like according to a biscuit, bread and noodle preparation method, wherein the prepared diet product with the weight-losing function contains a large amount of selenium-rich radix puerariae fine cellulose and a proper amount of active substances such as pueraria flavone, pueraria polysaccharide, organic selenium and the like;
the natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residue is obtained by extracting with high-concentration ethanol or performing enzymolysis firstly, extracting with water for three times by adopting a temperature programming process, filtering, concentrating and drying, wherein the water extract is used as a food additive or prepared into health food, the residue left after water extraction can still be used, and the dried and crushed residue is used as insoluble dietary fiber.
Example three:
a process for preparing functional food from natural selenium-rich radix Puerariae residue comprises extracting natural selenium-rich radix Puerariae residue with water alcohol binary solvent for three times by programmed heating process, filtering to obtain filtrate and residue, respectively, concentrating the filtrate to obtain crude product of water alcohol extract of selenium-rich radix Puerariae, and drying the residue to obtain crude product of cellulose of selenium-rich radix Puerariae;
wherein the water-alcohol binary solvent is a binary mixed solvent of water and ethanol, wherein the ethanol content is 25%;
adding a water alcohol binary solvent into natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues, and extracting by adopting a programmed heating process, wherein the programmed heating process comprises the following steps: adding a dihydric alcohol solvent into the natural selenium-rich radix Puerariae residue, heating to 70 deg.C for 25 min, maintaining for 22 min, heating to 80 deg.C within 15 min, maintaining for 12 min, and continuing heating to slightly boil for 28 min;
adding a dihydric alcohol solvent into natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues, and adopting a programmed heating process and ultrasonic extraction, wherein the programmed heating process comprises the following steps: adding water alcohol binary solvent into radix Puerariae residue, heating to 70 deg.C within 25 min, maintaining for 22 min, heating to 80 deg.C within 15 min, maintaining for 12 min, and continuing heating to slightly boil for 28 min;
during filtering, filtering by using filter cloth, and then filtering by using a ceramic membrane, wherein the ceramic membrane is subjected to cross-flow microfiltration by using a ceramic membrane, and the aperture of the used membrane is 10 nanometers;
the concentration process adopts a triple-effect evaporator to carry out triple-effect evaporation concentration, wherein the temperature of the first effect is controlled at 80 ℃, the temperature of the second effect is controlled at 60 ℃, the temperature of the third effect is controlled at 58 ℃, and the vacuum degree is controlled at-0.09 MPa;
removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; adding alcohol-free selenium-rich extract, all dissolved inorganic salts and different flavoring agents into boiling water, heating to 52 ℃, homogenizing to micronize and enhance the stability, degassing, sterilizing, and bottling to obtain selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract beverage containing radix Puerariae flavone, radix Puerariae polysaccharide, organic selenium and other active substances, wherein the selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract beverage contains 1% of selenium-rich radix Puerariae water extract;
removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; the weight ratio of the components is as follows: the production method comprises the following steps of preparing a selenium-enriched kudzu root water extract biscuit containing active substances such as kudzu root flavone, kudzu root polysaccharide, organic selenium and the like, wherein the content of the alcohol-free kudzu root extract is 1%, the content of white granulated sugar is lower than 25%, the content of palm oil is 20%, the content of ammonium bicarbonate is 2%, baking soda is 1%, the content of experiment 1%, the content of edible spice is lower than 0.01%, and the balance is wheat flour;
removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; weighing the alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract according to the weight ratio of 1 percent, adding the raw materials of calcium stearoyl lactylate, sodium stearoyl lactylate, glucose oxidase, transglutaminase, xanthan gum, gelatin, monoglyceride, lipase and the like, uniformly mixing, then uniformly mixing with wheat gluten and wheat germ powder, and finally adding the pregelatinized starch and uniformly mixing; then the preparation method of the bread is used for preparing the selenium-rich radix puerariae extract bread;
removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; weighing the alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract according to the weight ratio of 1 percent of the components, adding the alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract into a noodle preparation raw material, and preparing the selenium-rich radix puerariae extract noodles according to a noodle preparation method;
pulverizing the crude product of the selenium-rich radix puerariae cellulose, screening, adding the selenium-rich radix puerariae fine cellulose with the granularity of more than 60 meshes into processing raw materials such as biscuits, bread, noodles and the like according to the weight ratio of 20%, and preparing the selenium-rich radix puerariae fine cellulose biscuits, bread, noodles and the like according to a biscuit, bread, noodle preparation method, wherein the prepared diet product with the weight-losing function contains a large amount of selenium-rich radix puerariae fine cellulose and a proper amount of active substances such as pueraria flavone, pueraria polysaccharide, organic selenium and the like;
the natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residue is obtained by extracting with high-concentration ethanol or performing enzymolysis firstly, extracting with water for three times by adopting a temperature programming process, filtering, concentrating and drying, wherein the water extract is used as a food additive or prepared into health food, the residue left after water extraction can still be used, and the dried and crushed residue is used as insoluble dietary fiber.
The whole process of the invention has simple process and easy control, is suitable for large-scale production, prepares the functional food by utilizing the natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residue, has health care function, particularly utilizes the raw material system waste, has low cost and environmental protection, not only has economic and environmental protection benefits, but also has social benefits, and achieves multiple purposes.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the spirit and scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention, and the technical contents of the present invention are all described in the claims.
Claims (12)
1. A process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding water alcohol binary solvent into natural selenium-rich radix Puerariae residue, extracting for three times by programmed heating process, filtering to obtain filtrate and residue, respectively, concentrating the filtrate to obtain crude product of water alcohol extract of selenium-rich radix Puerariae, and drying the residue to obtain crude product of cellulose of selenium-rich radix Puerariae.
2. The process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the water-alcohol binary solvent is a binary mixed solvent of water and ethanol, wherein the content of the ethanol is 0-50%.
3. The process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding a water alcohol binary solvent into natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues, and extracting by adopting a programmed heating process, wherein the programmed heating process comprises the following steps: adding water alcohol binary solvent into natural selenium-rich radix Puerariae residue, heating to 68 deg.C to 72 deg.C within 15-50 min, maintaining for 20-25 min, heating to 78 deg.C to 82 deg.C within 15 min, maintaining for 10-15 min, and continuing heating to slightly boil for 25-30 min.
4. The process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues according to claim 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding a dihydric alcohol solvent into natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues, and adopting a programmed heating process and ultrasonic extraction, wherein the programmed heating process comprises the following steps: adding water alcohol binary solvent into radix Puerariae residue, heating to 68 deg.C to 72 deg.C within 15-50 min, maintaining for 20-25 min, heating to 78 deg.C to 82 deg.C within 15 min, maintaining for 10-15 min, and continuing heating to slightly boil for 25-30 min.
5. The process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: during filtering, filtering with filter cloth, and then filtering with ceramic membrane, wherein the ceramic membrane is used for cross-flow microfiltration, and the pore diameter of the used membrane is 50 nm to 15 microns.
6. The process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the concentration process adopts a triple-effect evaporator to carry out triple-effect evaporation concentration, wherein the temperature of the first effect is controlled to be 77-83 ℃, the temperature of the second effect is controlled to be 57-63 ℃, the temperature of the third effect is controlled to be 55-60 ℃, and the vacuum degree is controlled to be-0.09 MPa.
7. The process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; adding the alcohol-free selenium-enriched extract, all the pre-dissolved inorganic salts and different flavoring agents into boiling water, heating to 50-55 ℃, homogenizing to micronize and enhance the stability, degassing, sterilizing and filling to obtain the selenium-enriched radix puerariae extract beverage containing active substances such as pueraria flavone, pueraria polysaccharide, organic selenium and the like, wherein the content of the selenium-enriched radix puerariae extract in the selenium-enriched radix puerariae extract beverage is 0.1-2%.
8. The process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; the weight ratio of the components is as follows: 0.1-2% of alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract, less than 25% of white granulated sugar, 5-25% of palm oil, 0.4-4% of ammonium bicarbonate, 0.4-2% of sodium bicarbonate, 0.4-2% of experiment, less than 0.01% of edible spice and the balance of wheat flour, then adding purified water to blend the raw materials, rolling, standing, forming, baking, spraying oil and cooling to prepare the selenium-rich radix puerariae water extract biscuit containing active substances such as radix puerariae flavone, radix puerariae polysaccharide, organic selenium and the like.
9. The process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; weighing the alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract according to the weight ratio of 0.1-2%, adding the raw materials of calcium stearoyl lactylate, sodium stearoyl lactylate, glucose oxidase, transglutaminase, xanthan gum, gelatin, monoglyceride, lipase and the like, uniformly mixing, then uniformly mixing with wheat gluten and wheat germ powder, and finally adding the pregelatinized starch and uniformly mixing; then the bread with the selenium-rich radix puerariae extract is prepared by the bread preparation method.
10. The process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: removing ethanol from the crude product of the selenium-rich radix Puerariae water-alcohol extract to obtain alcohol-free selenium-rich radix Puerariae extract; weighing the alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract according to the weight ratio of 0.1-2%, adding the alcohol-free selenium-rich radix puerariae extract into a noodle preparation raw material, and preparing the selenium-rich radix puerariae extract noodles according to a noodle preparation method.
11. The process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the selenium-rich radix puerariae cellulose crude product is crushed and screened, more than 60 meshes of selenium-rich radix puerariae fine cellulose is taken and added into processing raw materials such as biscuits, bread, noodles and the like according to the weight ratio of 2-30%, and the selenium-rich radix puerariae fine cellulose biscuits, bread, noodles and the like are obtained according to the method for preparing the biscuits, the bread and the noodles.
12. The process for preparing functional food by utilizing natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residues according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the natural selenium-rich radix puerariae residue is obtained by extracting with high-concentration ethanol or performing enzymolysis firstly, extracting with water for three times by adopting a temperature programming process, filtering, concentrating and drying, wherein the water extract is used as a food additive or prepared into health food, the residue left after water extraction can still be used, and the dried and crushed residue is used as insoluble dietary fiber.
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