CN111961516A - 一种汽轮机油复合剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种汽轮机油复合剂及其制备方法,包括按照质量百分比计的以下组分:抗氧剂70%‑88%,防锈剂4%‑12%,金属减活剂1%‑5%和溶剂油5%‑13%。本发明所提供的汽轮机油复合剂,可以提高汽轮机油的综合性能,具有良好的氧化安定性、防锈性及抗腐化性能等优点,具有优异的破乳化性及抗泡性,汽轮机油以40℃粘度为标准,可以划分为N32、N46、N68、N100四个粘度级别,本发明所提供的汽轮机油复合剂可以调配各个粘度级别的汽轮机油。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及汽轮机油技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种汽轮机油复合剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
汽轮机油亦称透平油,通常包括蒸汽轮机油、燃气轮机油,水力汽轮机油及抗氧汽轮机油等,主要用于汽轮机油和相联动机组的滑动轴承、减速齿轮、调速器和液压控制系统的润滑。汽轮机油的作用主要是润滑作用,冷却作用和调速作用。
汽轮机油在蒸汽轮机,燃气轮机机组中的作用是相同的,主要起润滑、冷却和调速作用。润滑作用,通过润滑油泵把汽轮机油输送到汽轮机组滑动轴承的主轴和轴瓦之间,在其间形成油楔起到流体润滑作用。此外,汽轮机油还要给齿轮减速箱和调速机构等摩擦部件提供润滑。调速作用,汽轮机调速系统中使用的汽轮机油实际起液压介质的作用,传递控制机构给出的压力,对汽轮机的运行起调速作用。
除此之外,汽轮机油对氧化安定性、防锈性及抗腐化的性能具有一定的要求。
有鉴于此,特提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种汽轮机油复合剂,该汽轮机油复合剂由抗氧剂、防锈剂、金属减活剂和溶剂油混合得到,所述的汽轮机油复合剂,可以提高汽轮机油的综合性能,具有良好的氧化安定性、防锈性及抗腐化性能等优点,具有优异的破乳化性及抗泡性。
为了实现本发明的上述目的,特采用以下技术方案:
一种汽轮机油复合剂,包括按照质量百分比计的以下组分:
抗氧剂70%-88%,防锈剂4%-12%,金属减活剂1%-5%和溶剂油5%-13%。
优选的,所述的汽轮机油复合剂,包括按照质量百分比计的以下组分:
抗氧剂72%-85%,防锈剂4%-10%,金属减活剂1%-5%和溶剂油5%-13%。
优选的,所述抗氧剂包括酚类抗氧剂、胺类抗氧剂和抗氧抗腐剂中的一种或者几种的组合。
优选的,所述酚类抗氧剂包括2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、和液体高分子量酚型抗氧剂中的一种或者几种的组合。
优选的,所述胺类抗氧剂包括烷基化二苯胺和/或苯基-α-萘胺;
优选的,所述烷基化二苯胺包括辛基/丁基二苯胺抗氧剂。
优选的,所述抗氧抗腐剂包括氨基硫代脂、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯和二烷基二硫代磷酸盐中的一种或者几种的组合。
优选的,所述防锈剂选自脂肪族磷酸酯铵盐、十二烯基丁二酸半酯、N-酰基肌氨酸、十二烯基丁二酸和中性二壬基萘磺酸钡中的一种或者几种的组合。
优选的,所述金属减活剂选自N,N-二烷基氨基亚甲基苯三唑和苯三唑烯酸加合物中的一种或者几种的组合。
优选的,所述溶剂油包括矿物油、烷基萘合成油和酯类合成油中的一种或者几种的组合。
一种所述的汽轮机油复合剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
在60-70℃下,将所述抗氧剂、防锈剂、溶剂油加入反应釜中,搅拌1-2h,溶解均匀后,加入金属减活剂,再搅拌4-5h,得到汽轮机油复合剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
(1)本发明所提供的汽轮机油复合剂,可以提高汽轮机油的综合性能,具有良好的氧化安定性、防锈性及抗腐化性能等优点,具有优异的破乳化性及抗泡性。
(2)本发明所提供的汽轮机油复合剂,可以用来调配L-TSA 32、46、68、100粘度级别的汽轮机油。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,但是本领域技术人员将会理解,下列所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例,仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限制本发明的范围。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
本发明所提供的一种汽轮机油复合剂,包括按照质量百分比计的以下组分:
抗氧剂70%-88%,防锈剂4%-12%,金属减活剂1%-5%和溶剂油5%-13%。
本发明所提供的汽轮机油复合剂,采用特定配比的抗氧剂、防锈剂、金属减活剂和溶剂油混合得到,该汽轮机油复合剂可以提高汽轮机油的综合性能,具有良好的氧化安定性、防锈性及抗腐化性能等优点,具有优异的破乳化性及抗泡性。
其中,当抗氧剂在汽轮机油体系中仅少量存在时,就可延缓或抑制聚合物氧化过程的进行,从而阻止聚合物的老化并延长其使用寿命。
防锈剂是一种超级高效的合成渗透剂,它能强力渗入铁锈、腐蚀物、油污内从而轻松地清除掉螺丝、螺拴上的锈迹和腐蚀物,具有渗透除锈、松动润滑、抵制腐蚀、保护金属等性能。并可在部件表面上形成并贮存一层润滑膜,可以抑制湿气及许多其它化学成份造成的腐蚀。
金属减活剂又称金属脱活剂,可以阻止金属对燃料油、润滑油等油品的自动氧化起促进作用的添加剂。
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,所述的汽轮机油复合剂,包括按照质量百分比计的以下组分:
抗氧剂72%-85%,防锈剂4%-10%,金属减活剂1%-5%和溶剂油5%-13%。
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,所述抗氧剂包括酚类抗氧剂、胺类抗氧剂和抗氧抗腐剂。
更优选的,所述酚类抗氧剂包括2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、和液体高分子量酚型抗氧剂中的一种或者几种的组合。
更优选的,所述胺类抗氧剂包括烷基化二苯胺和/或苯基-α-萘胺。
更优选的,所述烷基化二苯胺包括辛基/丁基二苯胺抗氧剂。
更优选的,所述抗氧抗腐剂包括氨基硫代脂、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯和二烷基二硫代磷酸盐中的一种或者几种的组合。
目前使用的抗氧抗腐剂按其作用机理的不同可分为链终止型、过氧化物分解型及金属减活型三种,按化学结构的不同可分为屏敲酚型、芳胺型、酚胺型、ZDDP等,按作用功能的不同可分为抗氧剂和抗氧抗腐剂等。通常,属于链终止剂型的抗氧剂有酚类、胺类等化合物,其中酚类只在较低温度下能起到抗氧化作用,而后者则在较高温度时亦能起到抗氧化作用们。
屏蔽酚型抗氧剂代表类型有2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚和4,4-亚甲基双酚等。
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,所述防锈剂选自脂肪族磷酸酯铵盐、十二烯基丁二酸半酯、N-酰基肌氨酸、十二烯基丁二酸和中性二壬基萘磺酸钡中的一种或者几种的组合。
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,所述金属减活剂选自N,N-二烷基氨基亚甲基苯三唑和苯三唑烯酸加合物中的一种或者几种的组合。
在本发明一些优选的实施例中,所述油溶剂包括矿物油、烷基萘合成油和酯类合成油中的一种或者几种的组合。
一种所述的汽轮机油复合剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
在60-70℃下,将所述抗氧剂、防锈剂、溶剂油加入反应釜中,搅拌1-2h,溶解均匀后,加入金属减活剂,再搅拌4-5h,得到汽轮机油复合剂。
本发明所提供的一种汽轮机油,包括基础油所述的汽轮机油复合剂,所述汽轮机油复合剂的添加量为所述汽轮机油质量的0.6%-0.7%;所述基础油包括150N和500N。
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述,但是本领域技术人员将会理解,下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限制本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。
实施例1
汽轮机油复合剂的抗氧剂为酚类抗氧剂2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚,胺类抗氧剂烷基化二苯胺,以及抗氧抗腐剂氨基硫代脂和二烷基二硫代磷酸盐复配,质量百分比分别为44.7%,21.8%,10.6%和3.5%,防锈剂为十二烯基丁二酸和中性二壬基萘磺酸钡复配,质量百分比分别为3.7%和1.8%,金属减活剂为N,N-二烷基氨基亚甲基苯三唑和苯三唑烯酸加合物,质量百分比分别为2.5%和1.7%,溶剂油为矿物油,质量百分比为9.7%。
实施例2
汽轮机油复合剂的抗氧剂为酚类抗氧剂2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚,胺类抗氧剂烷基化二苯胺,以及抗氧抗腐剂氨基硫代脂和二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯复配,质量百分比分别为47.6%,13.5%,12.7%和10.1%,防锈剂为脂肪族磷酸酯铵盐,质量百分比为8.7%,金属减活剂为N,N-二烷基氨基亚甲基苯三唑,质量百分比为3.2%,溶剂油为烷基萘合成油,质量百分比为4.2%。
实施例3
汽轮机油复合剂的抗氧剂为酚类抗氧剂2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚,胺类抗氧剂烷基化二苯胺和苯基-α-萘胺,以及抗氧抗腐剂二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯复配,质量百分比分别为41.6%,18.2%,8.9%和9.2%,防锈剂为脂肪族磷酸酯铵盐和N-酰基肌氨酸,质量百分比分别为2.3%和1.8%,金属减活剂为N,N-二烷基氨基亚甲基苯三唑,质量百分比为5%,溶剂油为烷基萘合成油和酯类合成油,质量百分比分别为10%和3%。
实施例4
汽轮机油复合剂的抗氧剂为酚类抗氧剂2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚和液体高分子量酚型抗氧剂,胺类抗氧剂烷基化二苯胺,以及抗氧抗腐剂氨基硫代脂复配,质量百分比分别为41%,10%,20%和14%,防锈剂为脂肪族磷酸酯铵盐和N-酰基肌氨酸,质量百分比分别为3.6%和0.7%,金属减活剂为N,N-二烷基氨基亚甲基苯三唑,质量百分比为4.2%,溶剂油为烷基萘合成油和酯类合成油,质量百分比分别为5%和1.5%。
实施例5
汽轮机油复合剂的抗氧剂为酚类抗氧剂2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚和液体高分子量酚型抗氧剂,胺类抗氧剂为苯基-α-萘胺,以及抗氧抗腐剂氨基硫代脂复配,质量百分比分别为31%,7%,16%和19%,防锈剂为十二烯基丁二酸半酯和脂肪族磷酸酯铵盐,质量百分比分别为7.3%和2.5%,金属减活剂为N,N-二烷基氨基亚甲基苯三唑和苯三唑烯酸加合物,质量百分比分别为3.2%和1.8%,溶剂油为矿物油和酯类合成油,质量百分比分别为10.2%和2%。
对比例1
本对比例提供了一种国内复合剂A。
对比例2
本对比例提供了一种国外复合剂B。
试验例1
分别对实施例1~5、对比例1~2提供的汽轮机油复合剂进行性能测试。具体测试方法如下:通过用各汽轮机油复合剂调和L-TSA 46汽轮机油,然后对各个L-TSA 46汽轮机油进行各性能测试。
调和L-TSA 46汽轮机油油品具体配方如下:复合剂:0.6%,二类台塑150N:55.15%,二类台塑500N:44.25%,根据试验方法GB/T7305进行抗乳化性能测试,根据试验方法SH/T12579进行抗泡沫性能测试,根据试验方法SH/T0193进行抗氧化性能测试。根据试验方法GB/T5096进行铜片腐蚀性能测试,根据试验方法GB/T11143(B法)进行液相锈蚀性能测试。测试结果如表1-5所示:
表1抗乳化性能结果
表2抗泡沫性能结果
表3抗氧性能结果
表4铜片腐蚀结果
表5液相锈蚀结果
实验结果表明,本发明汽轮机油复合剂调制的L-TSA 32汽轮机油在抗乳化性、泡沫性、抗氧性(旋转氧弹法)以及防锈抗腐蚀性能(铜片腐蚀、液相锈蚀)均符合国家标准GB11120,并且各项性能优异。说明本发明提供的制备方法较为科学合理,可以制得具有优异性能的汽轮机油复合剂。
尽管已用具体实施例来说明和描述了本发明,然而应意识到,以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:在不背离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围;因此,这意味着在所附权利要求中包括属于本发明范围内的所有这些替换和修改。
Claims (10)
1.一种汽轮机油复合剂,其特征在于,包括按照质量百分比计的以下组分:
抗氧剂70%-88%,防锈剂4%-12%,金属减活剂1%-5%和溶剂油5%-13%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的汽轮机油复合剂,其特征在于,包括按照质量百分比计的以下组分:
抗氧剂72%-85%,防锈剂4%-10%,金属减活剂1%-5%和溶剂油5%-13%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的汽轮机油复合剂,其特征在于,所述抗氧剂包括酚类抗氧剂、胺类抗氧剂和抗氧抗腐剂中的一种或者几种的组合。
4.根据权利要求3所述的汽轮机油复合剂,其特征在于,所述酚类抗氧剂包括2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、和液体高分子量酚型抗氧剂中的一种或者几种的组合。
5.根据权利要求3所述的汽轮机油复合剂,其特征在于,所述胺类抗氧剂包括烷基化二苯胺和/或苯基-α-萘胺;
优选的,所述烷基化二苯胺包括辛基/丁基二苯胺抗氧剂。
6.根据权利要求3所述的汽轮机油复合剂,其特征在于,所述抗氧抗腐剂包括氨基硫代脂、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯和二烷基二硫代磷酸盐中的一种或者几种的组合。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的汽轮机油复合剂,其特征在于,所述防锈剂选自脂肪族磷酸酯铵盐、十二烯基丁二酸半酯、N-酰基肌氨酸、十二烯基丁二酸和中性二壬基萘磺酸钡中的一种或者几种的组合。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的汽轮机油复合剂,其特征在于,所述金属减活剂选自N,N-二烷基氨基亚甲基苯三唑和苯三唑烯酸加合物中的一种或者几种的组合。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的汽轮机油复合剂,其特征在于,所述溶剂油包括矿物油、烷基萘合成油和酯类合成油中的一种或者几种的组合。
10.根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的汽轮机油复合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
在60-70℃下,将所述抗氧剂、防锈剂、溶剂油加入反应釜中,搅拌1-2h,溶解均匀后,加入金属减活剂,再搅拌4-5h,得到汽轮机油复合剂。
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