CN111960907B - Emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111960907B CN111960907B CN202010871973.8A CN202010871973A CN111960907B CN 111960907 B CN111960907 B CN 111960907B CN 202010871973 A CN202010871973 A CN 202010871973A CN 111960907 B CN111960907 B CN 111960907B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an emulsion explosive and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of emulsion explosives. The invention aims to provide a high-performance emulsion explosive. The explosive is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 92.8-93.8 parts of water phase material, 6.2-7.2 parts of oil phase material and 0.3-0.45 part of foaming agent; the water phase material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-84 parts of ammonium nitrate, 2-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 6-11 parts of titanium oxide, 0.8-1.2 parts of surfactant and 9-12 parts of water; the oil phase material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of composite wax, 8-12 parts of refined paraffin, 15-25 parts of microcrystalline wax, 15-25 parts of engine oil, 20-30 parts of S-80 emulsifier, 8-15 parts of LR-1 emulsifier and 2-6 parts of titanium dioxide. The explosive has high explosive power, the explosion speed is more than or equal to 5000m/s, the power is more than or equal to 350mlm/s, the explosive with the brisance of more than 17mm, the product quality is stable, the effective period reaches more than 6 months, the explosion effect is good, the explosive does not need to be added with aluminum powder, and the production process is simple and safe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an emulsion explosive and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of emulsion explosives.
Background
The emulsion explosive is a new industrial explosive variety developed from the 70 s to the 80 s. Because of its unique physical structure, it has the advantages of excellent water-resisting property, complete explosion reaction, safe production, transportation and use, good mine blasting effect, etc.
Different rocks need explosives with different properties, for example, hard rocks are required to have uniform lumpiness after blasting, large block rate and low cost, and the explosive is easy to shovel. At present, for the soil rock blasting, the national standard (GB 28286 and 2012 general technical conditions for industrial explosives) defines the standard of a first-level rock explosive (power 330mL, blasting speed of not less than 4500m/s and brisance of not less than 14 mm). The explosion rate of the emulsion explosive is often 5000/more than, about one month after delivery, the index attenuation is below 5000m/s, other indexes are correspondingly attenuated, and although the standard is achieved in the period of validity, for particularly hard rocks, explosives with the explosion rate of 5000m/s, the power of 350mL and the brisance of 17mm or more are needed, and the explosion effect is good, so that a high-performance emulsion explosive is urgently needed.
At present, the conventional explosive power improvement method is to add sodium perchlorate and aluminum powder into a water phase solution to improve the work capacity of an emulsion explosive. However, the aluminum powder has high activity and is easy to react with acid, alkali and oxygen, and the safety of the whole production process is influenced by the storage and addition of the aluminum powder into the explosive.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a high-performance emulsion explosive.
The emulsion explosive is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
92.8-93.8 parts of water phase material, 6.2-7.2 parts of oil phase material and 0.3-0.45 part of foaming agent; wherein the water phase material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-84 parts of ammonium nitrate, 2-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 6-11 parts of titanium oxide, 0.8-1.2 parts of surfactant and 9-12 parts of water; the oil phase material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of composite wax, 8-12 parts of refined paraffin, 15-25 parts of microcrystalline wax, 15-25 parts of engine oil, 20-30 parts of S-80 emulsifier, 8-15 parts of LR-1 emulsifier and 2-6 parts of titanium dioxide, wherein the refined paraffin is fully refined paraffin or semi-refined paraffin.
In one embodiment, the titanium suboxide has a particle size of 200 to 400 nm.
In one embodiment of the invention, the foaming agent is sodium nitrite, calcium nitrate, zinc nitrate and water, and the weight ratio of the sodium nitrite to the calcium nitrate to the zinc nitrate to the water is 18-22: 8-12: 55-65. Preferably, the weight ratio of the sodium nitrite to the calcium nitrate to the zinc nitrate to the water is 20:10:10: 60.
As a specific embodiment of the invention, the emulsion explosive is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 93-93.8 parts of water phase material, 6.2-7 parts of oil phase material and 0.35-0.45 part of foaming agent.
In one embodiment of the invention, the surfactant in the aqueous phase material is sodium dodecyl sulfate.
In one embodiment of the invention, the aqueous phase material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 75-84 parts of ammonium nitrate, 2-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 6-11 parts of titanium oxide, 0.8-1.2 parts of surfactant and 9-12 parts of water. In one embodiment, the aqueous phase material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 75-80 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 7-11 parts of titanium oxide, 8-10 parts of water and 0.5 part of surfactant.
In one embodiment of the invention, the oil phase material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of composite wax, 8-12 parts of refined paraffin, 15-25 parts of microcrystalline wax, 15-25 parts of engine oil, 20-30 parts of S-80 emulsifier, 8-15 parts of LR-1 emulsifier and 2-6 parts of titanium dioxide. In one specific embodiment, the oil phase material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of composite wax, 10 parts of refined paraffin, 20 parts of microcrystalline wax, 20 parts of engine oil, 25 parts of S-80 emulsifier, 11 parts of LR-1 emulsifier and 4 parts of titanium oxide.
The invention solves the second technical problem by providing the preparation method of the emulsion explosive.
The preparation method of the emulsion explosive comprises the following steps:
(1) putting ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate into water, dissolving at 100-110 ℃, adding a surfactant, mixing uniformly, adding titanium dioxide, mixing uniformly, and keeping the temperature for 5-20 min to obtain a water phase material;
(2) melting and uniformly mixing the composite wax, the refined paraffin, the microcrystalline wax and the engine oil at 100-110 ℃, adding titanium dioxide, stirring for 5min, then adding an S-80 emulsifier and an LR-1 emulsifier, uniformly mixing to obtain an oil phase material, and keeping the temperature for 5-10 min;
(3) and adding the water phase material into the oil phase material, emulsifying at 100-150 ℃ to obtain an emulsion matrix, and then adding a foaming agent for sensitization to obtain the emulsion explosive.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1) and the step (2), the kneading is accompanied by stirring.
In step 3), the emulsification method may be a method conventional in the art. As an embodiment of the invention, the emulsion can be primarily emulsified for 10-15 min and then refined for 10-15 min, wherein the primary emulsification has the effect of simple mixing, uniform mixing and slow rotation speed, the refined emulsion is secondarily emulsified, a conventional emulsification machine is adopted, the rotation speed is high, the shearing speed is high, and the emulsified matrix can be obtained after the refined emulsion. The emulsification may be carried out using a static emulsifier commonly used in the art.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3), the sensitization time is 4-6 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the explosive has high explosion power, the explosion speed is more than or equal to 5000m/s, the power is more than or equal to 350mlm/s, the explosive with the brisance of more than 17mm, the product quality is stable, the effective period reaches more than 6 months, the explosion effect is good, the explosive does not need to be added with aluminum powder, and the production process is simple and safe.
Detailed Description
The emulsion explosive is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
92.8-93.8 parts of water phase material, 6.2-7.2 parts of oil phase material and 0.3-0.45 part of foaming agent; wherein the water phase material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-84 parts of ammonium nitrate, 2-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 6-11 parts of titanium oxide, 0.8-1.2 parts of surfactant and 9-12 parts of water; the oil phase material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of composite wax, 8-12 parts of refined paraffin, 15-25 parts of microcrystalline wax, 15-25 parts of engine oil, 20-30 parts of S-80 emulsifier, 8-15 parts of LR-1 emulsifier and 2-6 parts of titanium dioxide, wherein the refined paraffin is fully refined paraffin or semi-refined paraffin.
The emulsion explosive is prepared from specific raw materials and proportions, all components are matched with each other, the power of the explosive is improved, the explosive with the explosion velocity of more than or equal to 5000m/s, the power of more than or equal to 350mlm/s and the brisance of more than 17mm can be obtained, the product quality is stable, the effective period is more than 6 months, and the explosion effect is good.
The titanium suboxide is mainly a low-valence titanium compound, is environment-friendly and non-toxic, has good stability, high fineness, hydrophilicity and lipophilicity, good dispersion effect and rich oxygen, the heat released by the reaction of the low-valence titanium and the oxygen is high, the explosive explosion heat, heat preservation and explosion speed are improved, the performances such as density and the like are improved, the performance indexes are prevented from being rapidly attenuated, meanwhile, the addition of the titanium suboxide reduces the water phase crystallization point, the oil film strength is enhanced, the storage period is ensured, and the performance indexes reach the explosion speed of 5000m/s, the power of 350ml and the violence of more than 17 mm. Effectively ensuring the production safety of the explosive. The power of the invention is the work capacity.
As an embodiment, the titanium suboxide is reduced to TiO with aluminum2Prepared from low-valence titanium compound, mainly containing Magneli-phase titanium suboxide and Ti4O7，Ti5O9And the like. The titanium suboxide is in the form of powderIn one embodiment, the titanium suboxide has a particle size of 200 to 400 nm.
The foaming agent can be a chemical foaming agent commonly used in the field, and in one embodiment of the invention, the foaming agent is sodium nitrite, calcium nitrate, zinc nitrate and water, and the weight ratio of the sodium nitrite to the calcium nitrate to the zinc nitrate to the water is 18-22: 8-12: 55-65. Preferably, the weight ratio of the sodium nitrite to the calcium nitrate to the zinc nitrate to the water is 20:10:10:60, and the emulsion explosive obtained by using the foaming agent has better performance.
As a specific embodiment of the invention, the emulsion explosive is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 93-93.8 parts of water phase material, 6.2-7 parts of oil phase material and 0.35-0.45 part of foaming agent.
Conventional surfactants can be used for the aqueous phase material. In one embodiment of the invention, the surfactant in the aqueous phase material is sodium dodecyl sulfate.
The water phase material only needs to contain ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, titanium dioxide, a surfactant and water to achieve a good explosion effect. In addition to these materials, other commonly used aqueous phase materials may be included.
In one embodiment of the invention, the aqueous phase material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 75-84 parts of ammonium nitrate, 2-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 6-11 parts of titanium oxide, 0.8-1.2 parts of surfactant and 9-12 parts of water. In one embodiment, the aqueous phase material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 75-80 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 7-11 parts of titanium oxide, 8-10 parts of water and 0.5 part of surfactant.
The oil phase material only needs to contain compound wax, refined paraffin, microcrystalline wax, engine oil, S-80 emulsifier, LR-1 emulsifier and titanium dioxide, and can also contain other common oil phase materials.
In one embodiment of the invention, the oil phase material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of composite wax, 8-12 parts of refined paraffin, 15-25 parts of microcrystalline wax, 15-25 parts of engine oil, 20-30 parts of S-80 emulsifier, 8-15 parts of LR-1 emulsifier and 2-6 parts of titanium dioxide. In one specific embodiment, the oil phase material consists of the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of composite wax, 10 parts of refined paraffin, 20 parts of microcrystalline wax, 20 parts of engine oil, 25 parts of S-80 emulsifier, 11 parts of LR-1 emulsifier and 4 parts of titanium oxide.
The oil phase material, composite wax, called as blending wax, is special composite wax for emulsion explosive MSDS, CAS number 8002-74-2, and can be purchased in the market. The fully refined paraffin is a product obtained by taking slack wax as a raw material, performing sweating or solvent deoiling, and performing clay or hydrofining, meets the national standard of GB/T446-2010, and can also be sold in the market. The semi-refined paraffin is an important petroleum product, is a white solid in a plate shape, meets the national standard GB/T254-. The microcrystalline wax is white amorphous solid wax, mainly comprises C31-70 branched saturated hydrocarbon, contains small amount of cyclic and straight chain hydrocarbon, is odorless and tasteless, has CAS number of 8001-75-0, and is also available on the market.
The S-80 emulsifier is Span 80(Span 80), is a commonly used emulsifier, and can be commercially available. LR-1 emulsifier is polyolefin derivative emulsifier, mainly is macromolecule imide emulsifier, also can adopt and sell on the market. The LR-1 emulsifier in the examples of the present invention was purchased from Gansu and Richinite technologies, Inc.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the emulsion explosive.
The preparation method of the emulsion explosive comprises the following steps:
(1) putting ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate into water, dissolving at 100-110 ℃, adding a surfactant, mixing uniformly, adding titanium dioxide, mixing uniformly, and keeping the temperature for 5-20 min to obtain a water phase material;
(2) melting and uniformly mixing the composite wax, the refined paraffin, the microcrystalline wax and the engine oil at 100-110 ℃, adding titanium dioxide, stirring for 5min, then adding an S-80 emulsifier and an LR-1 emulsifier, uniformly mixing to obtain an oil phase material, and keeping the temperature for 5-10 min;
(3) and adding the water phase material into the oil phase material, emulsifying at 100-150 ℃ to obtain an emulsion matrix, and then adding a foaming agent for sensitization to obtain the emulsion explosive.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the blending is carried out in steps (1) and (2) with stirring for better blending dispersion.
In step 3), the emulsification method may be a method conventional in the art. As an embodiment of the invention, the emulsion can be primarily emulsified for 10-15 min and then refined for 10-15 min, wherein the primary emulsification has the effect of simple mixing, uniform mixing and slow rotation speed, the refined emulsion is secondarily emulsified, a conventional emulsification machine is adopted, the rotation speed is high, the shearing speed is high, and the emulsified matrix can be obtained after the refined emulsion. The emulsification may be carried out using a static emulsifier commonly used in the art.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3), the sensitization time is 4-6 min.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The emulsion explosive is obtained according to the following steps:
step 1: the components are measured according to the following formula: 80 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4 parts of sodium nitrate, 8 parts of titanium oxide, 8 parts of water and 0.5 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Step 2: putting ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate into water according to the formula in a water phase tank, stirring and dissolving at 100 ℃, adding a water phase surfactant, uniformly mixing, adding titanium monoxide, and preserving heat for 18min to obtain a water phase solution.
And step 3: the components are measured according to the following formula: 10 parts of composite wax, 10 parts of fully refined paraffin, 20 parts of microcrystalline wax, 20 parts of engine oil, 25 parts of S-80 emulsifier, 11 parts of LR-1 emulsifier and 4 parts of titanium oxide.
And 4, step 4: adding the above measured composite wax, fully refined paraffin, microcrystalline wax and engine oil into an oil phase tank, melting at 105 deg.C, stirring for 25min, mixing, adding titanium oxide, stirring for 5min, adding S-80 emulsifier and LR-1 emulsifier prepared according to formula, stirring for 5min, mixing to obtain oil phase material, and keeping the temperature for 10 min. .
And 5: adding 7 parts by weight of the prepared oil phase material into an emulsification tank, adding 93 parts by weight of aqueous phase solution under the condition of stirring, carrying out primary emulsification at 120 ℃ for 10min, and then carrying out fine emulsification for 10min to obtain an emulsification matrix.
Step 6: adding 0.4 weight part of foaming agent into the emulsion matrix for chemical sensitization for 6min to obtain the emulsion explosive, wherein the foaming agent is sodium nitrite, calcium nitrate, zinc nitrate and water in a weight ratio of 20:10:10: 60.
The detonation velocity is measured according to a standard GB/T13228-. Storing for 6 months, and measuring its properties, detonation velocity is 4500m/s, power is 330ml, and brisance is 14 mm.
Example 2
The emulsion explosive is obtained according to the following steps:
step 1: the components are measured according to the following formula: 78 parts of ammonium nitrate, 5 parts of sodium nitrate, 7 parts of titanium oxide, 10 parts of water and 0.5 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Step 2: putting ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate into water according to the formula in a water phase tank, stirring and dissolving at 110 ℃, adding a water phase surfactant, uniformly mixing, adding titanium monoxide, and preserving heat for 20min to obtain a water phase solution.
And step 3: the components are measured according to the following formula: 10 parts of composite wax, 10 parts of semi-refined paraffin wax, 20 parts of microcrystalline wax, 20 parts of engine oil, 25 parts of S-80 emulsifier, 11 parts of LR-1 emulsifier and 4 parts of titanium oxide.
And 4, step 4: adding the above measured composite wax, semi-refined paraffin, microcrystalline wax and engine oil into an oil phase tank, melting and stirring at 105 deg.C for 30min, mixing, adding titanium oxide, stirring for 5min, adding S-80 emulsifier and LR-1 emulsifier prepared according to formula, stirring for 5min, mixing to obtain oil phase material, and keeping the temperature for 5 min. .
And 5: adding 6.8 weight parts of the prepared oil phase material into an emulsification tank, adding 93.2 weight parts of water phase solution under stirring, carrying out primary emulsification at 120 ℃ for 15min, and then carrying out refined emulsification for 12min to obtain an emulsification matrix.
Step 6: adding 0.45 part by weight of foaming agent into the emulsion matrix for chemical sensitization for 4min to obtain the emulsion explosive, wherein the foaming agent is sodium nitrite, calcium nitrate, zinc nitrate and water, and the weight ratio of the sodium nitrite to the calcium nitrate to the zinc nitrate to the water is 20:10:10: 60. The properties of the emulsion explosive are measured, the detonation velocity of the emulsion explosive is 5400m/s, the power is 355mlm/s, and the brisance is 18 mm. Storing for 7 months, and measuring its performance, detonation velocity 4000m/s, power 250ml, and brisance 13 mm.
Example 3
The emulsion explosive is obtained according to the following steps:
step 1: the components are measured according to the following formula: 75 parts of ammonium nitrate, 5 parts of sodium nitrate, 11 parts of titanium oxide, 9 parts of water and 0.5 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Step 2: putting ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate into water according to the formula in a water phase tank, stirring and dissolving at 105 ℃, adding a water phase surfactant, uniformly mixing, adding titanium monoxide, and keeping the temperature for 10min to obtain a water phase solution.
And step 3: the components are measured according to the following formula: 10 parts of composite wax, 10 parts of fully refined paraffin, 20 parts of microcrystalline wax, 20 parts of engine oil, 25 parts of S-80 emulsifier, 11 parts of LR-1 emulsifier and 4 parts of titanium oxide.
And 4, step 4: adding the above measured composite wax, fully refined paraffin, microcrystalline wax and engine oil into an oil phase tank, melting at 105 deg.C, stirring for 24min, mixing, adding titanium oxide, stirring for 5min, adding S-80 emulsifier and LR-1 emulsifier prepared according to formula, stirring for 5min, mixing to obtain oil phase material, and keeping the temperature for 5 min. .
And 5: adding 6.2 weight parts of the prepared oil phase material into an emulsification tank, adding 93.8 weight parts of water phase solution under stirring, carrying out primary emulsification at 120 ℃ for 15min, and then carrying out refined emulsification for 12min to obtain an emulsification matrix.
Step 6: and adding 0.35 weight part of foaming agent into the emulsion matrix for chemical sensitization for 5min to obtain the emulsion explosive. The foaming agent is sodium nitrite, calcium nitrate, zinc nitrate and water, and the weight ratio of the sodium nitrite to the calcium nitrate to the zinc nitrate to the water is 20:10:10: 60. The properties of the emulsion explosive were measured, and the explosive rate was 5606m/s, the power was 370mlm/s, and the brisance was 19 mm. Storing for 6 months, and measuring its properties, detonation velocity is 4510m/s, power is 340ml, and brisance is 15 mm.
Claims (13)
1. An emulsion explosive, which is characterized in that: the composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
92.8-93.8 parts of water phase material, 6.2-7.2 parts of oil phase material and 0.3-0.45 part of foaming agent;
wherein the water phase material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-84 parts of ammonium nitrate, 2-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 6-11 parts of titanium oxide, 0.8-1.2 parts of surfactant and 9-12 parts of water;
the oil phase material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of composite wax, 8-12 parts of refined paraffin, 15-25 parts of microcrystalline wax, 15-25 parts of engine oil, 20-30 parts of S-80 emulsifier, 8-15 parts of LR-1 emulsifier and 2-6 parts of titanium dioxide, wherein the refined paraffin is fully refined paraffin or semi-refined paraffin.
2. The emulsion explosive of claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the titanium suboxide is 200 to 400 nm.
3. The emulsion explosive of claim 1, wherein: the foaming agent is sodium nitrite, calcium nitrate, zinc nitrate and water, and the weight ratio of the sodium nitrite to the calcium nitrate to the zinc nitrate to the water is 18-22: 8-12: 55-65.
4. An emulsion explosive according to claim 3, wherein: the weight ratio of the sodium nitrite to the calcium nitrate to the zinc nitrate to the water is 20:10:10: 60.
5. The emulsion explosive of claim 1, wherein: the composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 93-93.8 parts of water phase material, 6.2-7 parts of oil phase material and 0.35-0.45 part of foaming agent.
6. The emulsion explosive of claim 1, wherein: the surfactant in the water phase material is sodium dodecyl sulfate.
7. The emulsion explosive of claim 1, wherein: the water phase material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-84 parts of ammonium nitrate, 2-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 6-11 parts of titanium oxide, 0.8-1.2 parts of surfactant and 9-12 parts of water.
8. The emulsion explosive of claim 7, wherein: the water phase material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-80 parts of ammonium nitrate, 4-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 7-11 parts of titanium oxide, 8-10 parts of water and 0.5 part of surfactant.
9. The emulsion explosive of claim 1, wherein: the oil phase material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of composite wax, 8-12 parts of refined paraffin, 15-25 parts of microcrystalline wax, 15-25 parts of engine oil, 20-30 parts of S-80 emulsifier, 8-15 parts of LR-1 emulsifier and 2-6 parts of titanium dioxide.
10. The emulsion explosive of claim 9, wherein: the oil phase material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of composite wax, 10 parts of refined paraffin, 20 parts of microcrystalline wax, 20 parts of engine oil, 25 parts of S-80 emulsifier, 11 parts of LR-1 emulsifier and 4 parts of titanium oxide.
11. A process for the preparation of an emulsion explosive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the steps of:
(1) putting ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate into water, dissolving at 100-110 ℃, adding a surfactant, mixing uniformly, adding titanium dioxide, mixing uniformly, and keeping the temperature for 5-20 min to obtain a water phase material;
(2) melting and uniformly mixing the composite wax, the refined paraffin, the microcrystalline wax and the engine oil at 100-110 ℃, adding titanium dioxide, stirring for 5min, then adding an S-80 emulsifier and an LR-1 emulsifier, uniformly mixing to obtain an oil phase material, and keeping the temperature for 5-10 min;
(3) and adding the water phase material into the oil phase material, emulsifying at 100-150 ℃ to obtain an emulsion matrix, and then adding a foaming agent for sensitization to obtain the emulsion explosive.
12. The process for the preparation of an emulsion explosive according to claim 11, wherein: and (3) in the step (1) and the step (2), stirring when uniformly mixing.
13. The process for the preparation of an emulsion explosive according to claim 11, wherein: in the step (3), the sensitization time is 4-6 min.
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