CN104151115B - A kind of easily sensitization compound emulsifying agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of easily sensitization compound emulsifying agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104151115B CN104151115B CN201410381671.7A CN201410381671A CN104151115B CN 104151115 B CN104151115 B CN 104151115B CN 201410381671 A CN201410381671 A CN 201410381671A CN 104151115 B CN104151115 B CN 104151115B
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Abstract
The present invention provides the compound emulsifying agent of a kind of easy sensitization, and by weight percentage, it contains following components: 40～the moistening and stabilizer of the surfactant of 50%, 40～55% and 5～the sensitization accelerator of 10%；The described surfactant one or more mixture in polyisobutene succinimide, polyisobutylene-bis-succinimide, sorbitan monooleate or Dehydrated Xylitol Monooleate；Described moistening and stabilizer is selected from one or more the mixture in oleic acid, lecithin, liquid paraffin, fatty acid；The described sensitization accelerator one or more mixture in citric acid, ammonium nitrate, dilute hydrochloric acid, fatty acid, oleic acid.Easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent steady quality of the present invention, the bubble of generation is uniform, small, stable, and explosive density is controlled with sensitization time.Find after prepare the actual application at station at emulsion explosive production line and bulk mixing truck emulsion matrix, use its quality of explosive prepared stable, function admirable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one and be applicable to the emulsifying agent of emulsion sensitization (foaming), and prepare at emulsion and load in mixture
Application in explosive technology.
Background technology
Commercial explosive was through the development of nearly more than 40 years, by multi items, Alternative progressively by have formula and technique is simple and environmentally-friendly,
The emulsion of safety and bulk mixing truck replace, and develop into full-automatic intensive manufacture line, and bulk mixing truck production technology, no
Opinion uses the production of production line and bulk mixing truck, and present stage all exists some problems, and one of them is sensitizing technology, and this technology is certainly
It is set for the quality of emulsion, is the bottleneck of emulsion development, constrains the development in an all-round way of emulsion.
The sensitization of emulsion mainly has two kinds of forms, and one is physical sensitization, by solid matter, bubble is brought into latex base
In matter, make emulsion matrix have detonator and explosive sensitivity, sensitization material typically have perlite, glass microsphere, floating bead or other
Carry leachy material；Two is chemical sensitization, adds the chemical substance that can generate bubble, by stirring, evenly spreads to breast
In gel matrix, making emulsion matrix have detonator and explosive sensitivity, CBA has H foaming agent, sodium nitrite, calcium bicarbonate
Etc. the chemical substance that can produce gas.
Two kinds of methods all have its strengths and weaknesses, the material that physical sensitization adds, and proportion is very light, with full-bodied latex base
During matter mixing, it is difficult to be uniformly dispersed, and sensitization material breakage rate effect is high (being blended during sensitization), due to the addition of solid matter,
The emulsion medicine body formed is harder, when packing explosive, and sensitization physical deterioration cylinder body and equipment, and cause propellant charge pressure high,
Not only causing powder charge difficulty, also destroy the sensitization bubble of explosive simultaneously, quality of explosive is remarkably decreased.But physical sensitization is by temperature
Degree, the physical state of emulsion matrix affect less, use more universal in south.
Chemical sensitization mainly adds generation chemical reaction, can produce the material of bubble, often aqueous solution, easily at latex base
Matter is uniformly dispersed, but response speed, gas production and the temperature of emulsion matrix, and the quality of emulsion matrix is relevant, chemistry is quick
Change environmental protection and explosive property and charging quality preferably, storage period long, but aftereffect is serious, and (response time is long, after a few days or all
Explosive volume becomes big in transit, leaks out from the package), and be difficult to control.
Chemical sensitization is difficult to the reason 1 controlled: emulsion explosive production line chemical sensitization is generally adopted by sodium nitrite, adds other
Mineral acid or directly add ammonium nitrate, forms aqueous solution, stirs with emulsion matrix, the temperature general control of emulsion matrix
Between 45～55 DEG C, and sodium nitrite optimal reaction temperature is 60～65 DEG C, if emulsion matrix temperature is when 45 DEG C, and nitrous acid
Sodium reaction wants several hours completely, and the even time is longer, affects yield and quality.
Chemical sensitization be difficult to control reason 2: the reaction of sodium nitrite be carry out in acid condition (acidic materials for promote
Agent), constituting emulsion matrix is oil phase and aqueous phase, and the ammonium nitrate in aqueous phase inherently can react with sodium nitrite, and ammonium nitrate is also
The accelerator of sodium nitrite, with the ammonium nitrate solution (emulsifying) in oil phase cladding aqueous phase, when the oil film of formation is stronger, ammonium nitrate
The most exposed, reaction is just difficult to carry out according to design, and when oil phase oil film is relatively thin, the ammonium nitrate that is wrapped by is it is possible to and nitrous acid
Sodium direct reaction, forms air pocket, directly escapes or because ammonium nitrate concn is high, and reaction is too fast, causes sensitization to be difficult to control.
Chemical sensitization is difficult to the reason 3 controlled: the sodium nitrite that body sensitized emulsion substrate uses is usually Theoretical Calculation 2～3 times, main
Antedating response to be considered is uneven with stirring, the surplus capacity of end participation reaction, slowly reacts with the ammonium nitrate in emulsion matrix, quick
Relatively to maintain several days time after change, bring the problem that chemical sensitization is difficult to control.
In view of emulsion characteristic and formation mechenism, study the microstructure of emulsion matrix granule, according to emulsifier mechanism,
On the oil film of emulsion matrix granule, with the accelerator of sodium nitrite, as long as controlling temperature and stirring intensity well, latex base
Matter runs into the aqueous solution of sensitizer (sodium nitrite), and concentration is the most controlled with amount just can complete sensitized reaction within the time of design,
The bubble formed is small and uniform, is all effective bubble, completely solves emulsion sensitization in all cases.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to: the compound emulsifying agent of a kind of easy sensitization is provided, there is the bubble of steady quality, generation
Uniformly, the advantage such as small, stable, and explosive density when being applied to emulsion, can be made controlled with sensitization time.
Further object is that: a kind of method that compound emulsifying agent preparing easy sensitization is provided, incompatible by two kinds
Material be homogenously mixed together, make to have and promote that the composition of sensibilization and sensitized reaction material are at described compound emulsifying agent
In, there is higher dispersion.
Another object of the present invention is: the application in preparing emulsion of the compound emulsifying agent of the easy sensitization described in offer.
The technical scheme realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is:
First, it is provided that the compound emulsifying agent of a kind of easy sensitization, by weight percentage, it contains following components: 40～the table of 50%
Moistening and the stabilizer of face activating agent, 40～55% and 5～the sensitization accelerator of 10%；
Described surfactant selected from polyisobutene succinimide (T152), polyisobutylene-bis-succinimide (T154),
One or more mixing in sorbitan monooleate (department's basis 80) or Dehydrated Xylitol Monooleate (M201)
Thing；Described surfactant is all commercially available GB product；
Described moistening and stabilizer can be selected from oleic acid, lecithin, liquid paraffin, fatty acid one or more
Mixture；
Described sensitization accelerator is selected from one or more in citric acid, ammonium nitrate, dilute hydrochloric acid, fatty acid, oleic acid
Mixture.
The compound emulsifying agent of currently preferred described easy sensitization, by weight percentage, it is by the surface described in 42～48%
The water composition of described moistening and the described sensitization accelerator of stabilizer, 6～8% and the surplus of activating agent, 42～48%.
The compound emulsifying agent of the most preferred described easy sensitization of the present invention, by weight percentage, it is by the surface described in 45.5%
Activating agent, described the moistening and the water composition of stabilizer, the described sensitization accelerator of 7.8% and surplus of 45.5%.
In the compound emulsifying agent of easy sensitization of the present invention, described surfactant preferably take charge of this 80 or department this 80 with
Any one mixture in T142, T145.
In the compound emulsifying agent of easy sensitization of the present invention, described moistening and stabilizer preferably lecithin and oleic acid, fat
The mixture of any one composition in acid or liquid paraffin.
In the compound emulsifying agent of easy sensitization of the present invention, described sensitization accelerator optimization citric acid and in ammonium nitrate
Plant or the mixture of two kinds.
The compound emulsifying agent of easy sensitization of the present invention, is preferably prepared by the following method and obtains:
1) by weight, by moistening and stabilizer described to 0.45～0.55 part of described surfactant and 0.45～0.55 part
Be mixed to form oil phase, be heated to 80～85 DEG C stand-by；
2) by weight, with 1.0～1.5 parts of water, the sensitization accelerator of 6～8 parts is mixed to form heated aqueous to treat to 90～95 DEG C
With；
3) by step 2) aqueous phase that obtains adds step 1) oil phase that obtains, make easy body sensitized emulsion by mulser stirring
Substrate；
4) by weight, by moistening and stabilizer mixing described to 45～46 parts of described surfactants and 45～46 parts all
Even make compound emulsifying agent precursor；
5) by step 3) the easy body sensitized emulsion substrate and the step 4 that obtain) the compound emulsifying agent precursor that obtains mixes, and forms this
The compound emulsifying agent of the easy sensitization described in invention.
The present invention also provides for a kind of method of compound emulsifying agent preparing easy sensitization, comprises the following steps:
1) by weight, by moistening and stabilizer described to 0.45～0.55 part of described surfactant and 0.45～0.55 part
Be mixed to form oil phase, be heated to 80～85 DEG C stand-by；
2) by weight, with 1.0～1.5 parts of water, the sensitization accelerator of 6～8 parts is mixed to form heated aqueous to treat to 90～95 DEG C
With；
3) by step 2) aqueous phase that obtains adds step 1) oil phase that obtains, make easy body sensitized emulsion by mulser stirring
Substrate；
4) by weight, by moistening and stabilizer mixing described to 45～46 parts of described surfactants and 45～46 parts all
Even make compound emulsifying agent precursor；
5) by step 3) the easy body sensitized emulsion substrate and the step 4 that obtain) the compound emulsifying agent precursor that obtains mixes, and forms the present invention
The compound emulsifying agent of described easy sensitization..
The present invention also provides for the application in preparing emulsion of the compound emulsifying agent of described easy sensitization.
Described application can be the application in the production process of emulsion, comprises the steps:
1) compound emulsifying agent of the easy sensitization of the present invention is added machine oil, diesel oil, paraffin, vaseline, the one of complex wax or
Two or more mixture, makes the compound emulsifying agent of easy sensitization account for the 20～50% of mixture weight, thus obtains oil phase；Use nitre
One or more mixture in acid ammonium, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, carbamide is made into aqueous phase with water, makes water
Account for the 9～15% of total combined aqueous phase amount；By oil phase and aqueous phase by oil phase: aqueous phase=6～10:94～90 weight ratio carry out emulsifying, formation
Emulsion matrix；
2) in step 1) emulsion matrix that obtains is when being cooled to 45～55 DEG C, and adding weight percent concentration is 0.1～0.3%
Sodium nitrite solution, by weight, the ratio of addition is sodium nitrite solution: emulsion matrix=2～5:98～95, sodium nitrite
Solution produces bubble after mixing with emulsion matrix, i.e. completes the sensitization of emulsion matrix, makes emulsion matrix be changed into emulsion.
Described application can also is that the application on bulk mixing truck, comprises the following steps:
1) by the compound emulsifying agent of the easy sensitization of the present invention and one or more the mixing in diesel oil, machine oil or complex wax
Thing is made into oil phase, makes the compound emulsifying agent of easy sensitization account for the 20～50% of total oil phase weight；With ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate,
One or more mixture in potassium nitrate, carbamide and water are made into aqueous phase, make water account for the 9～15% of total combined aqueous phase amount；
By oil phase and aqueous phase by oil phase: aqueous phase=6～10:94～90 weight ratio carry out emulsifying, formation emulsion matrix；
2) step 1 is treated) emulsion matrix made is cooled to less than 45 DEG C, and load in bulk mixing truck, sensitizer tank adds breast
The weight percent concentration of gel matrix weight 3% is the sodium nitrite solution of 0.1～0.3%, by the static mixer on bulk mixing truck
Produce bubble after being mixed with sodium nitrite in aqueous solution by emulsion matrix, i.e. complete the sensitization of emulsion matrix, make emulsion matrix turn
Become emulsion, it is achieved that the application on bulk mixing truck of the described emulsifying agent.
In the compound emulsifying agent of the easy sensitization that the present invention proposes, surfactant, moistening and stabilizer are soluble in oil product, sensitization
Accelerator, after emulsifying, utilizes the structure of emulsion matrix granule, makes the inorganic salt insoluble in oil product also can be uniformly dispersed
In compound emulsifying agent, a small amount of sensitization accelerator is dispersed in the surface of each emulsion matrix granule with compound emulsifying agent composition,
Each latex particle contains sensitization accelerator, and sensitization accelerator is uniformly distributed on the oil film of emulsion matrix, latex particle table
On the oil film of face after accelerator with sensitizer, in the case of not destroying oil film, after adding sodium nitrite in aqueous solution, promote
Ammonium nitrate in agent reacts with sodium nitrite automatically, i.e. produces (N2) bubble, make emulsion matrix sensitization become emulsion.
Therefore, easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent of the present invention is used so that the preparation process stirring intensity of whole emulsion is wanted
Asking low, response speed is controlled, produces the most small effective bubble, makes emulsion matrix high-quality be converted into emulsion.
The present invention easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent steady quality, the bubble of generation is uniform, small, stable, explosive density and sensitization
Time is controlled.Find after prepare the actual application at station at emulsion explosive production line and bulk mixing truck emulsion matrix, use it to make
The standby quality of explosive obtained is stable, function admirable.The emulsifying agent using the present invention as can be seen here can reach conservative control emulsifying
The purpose of explosive sensibilization.
Compared with existing emulsifying agent, the invention have the advantages that
1. the easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent that the present invention produces is after forming emulsion matrix, and the easy sensitization on emulsion matrix surface promotes
Agent can capture the water nitrite ion in sodium nitrite in aqueous solution (i.e. sensitizer) automatically, on the surface of emulsion matrix with regard to energy
Reaction generates N2Gas, does not affect the water resistance of emulsion after reaction.
2. the easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent that the present invention produces, along with the dispersion and emulsion of emulsifying agent, each emulsion matrix granule has several
Accelerator as much, the temperature of emulsion matrix cooling, by equipment control, is also certain, it is ensured that uniformly dividing of foaming
Cloth is consistent with response speed.
3. the easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent that the present invention produces, it is possible to use the concentration of foaming agent controls the size of sensitization bubble,
The most perfect manufacturing technology of explosive.
4., in its oil film, itself there is great quantities of spare in the emulsion matrix produced by the easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent of the present invention
Sensitization catalyst, thus need not add in sensitizer (sodium nitrite in aqueous solution) again catalyst when sensitization so that
Reaction condition is more stable with foaming.
Detailed description of the invention
The detailed description of the invention made technical solution of the present invention below describes in detail, but the present invention is not limited to description below content.
Embodiment 1. prepares embodiment
A) by oleic acid 50g, take charge of this 8025g, lecithin 25g, make oil phase mixing and be heated up to 80～85 DEG C, stand-by；By Fructus Citri Limoniae
Acid 390g, ammonium nitrate 390g, water 120g make aqueous phase, and mixing is heated up to 90～95 DEG C, first adds in reactor by oil phase, starts
Agitator, is slowly added to aqueous phase, is emulsified into emulsion matrix；
B) emulsion matrix obtained mixes with compound emulsifying agent with 10:90, i.e. makes easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent of the present invention.
Embodiment 2. prepares embodiment
A) by vaseline 50g, T14212.5g, take charge of this 8012.5g, lecithin 25g, make oil phase mixing and be heated up to 80～85 DEG C,
Stand-by；Citric acid 390g, ammonium nitrate 390g, water 120g are made aqueous phase, and mixing is heated up to 90～95 DEG C, is first added by oil phase anti-
Answer in still, start agitator, be slowly added to aqueous phase, be emulsified into emulsion matrix；
B) emulsion matrix obtained mixes with compound emulsifying agent with 10:90, i.e. makes easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent of the present invention.
Embodiment 3. prepares embodiment
A) by 62 DEG C of paraffin 50g, T14512.5g, take charge of this 8012.5g, lecithin 25g, make oil phase mixing and be heated up to 80～85 DEG C,
Stand-by；Citric acid 390g, ammonium nitrate 390g, water 120g are made aqueous phase, and mixing is heated up to 90～95 DEG C, is first added by oil phase anti-
Answer in still, start agitator, be slowly added to aqueous phase, be emulsified into emulsion matrix；
B) emulsion matrix obtained mixes with compound emulsifying agent with 10:90, i.e. makes easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent of the present invention.
The embodiment 4. application in prepared by emulsion
A) the easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent embodiment 1 of 21.5g prepared adds the complex wax of 48.5g, is uniformly mixing to obtain 70g oil
Phase；
B) aqueous phase it is made into together with the water of 130g with the sodium nitrate of the ammonium nitrate of 720g, 80g；
C) 70g oil phase prepared for step a) is heated to 85 DEG C, puts in reactor, then the 930g water that step b) is obtained
Heat phase, to 95 DEG C, starts agitator, adds aqueous phase while stirring, i.e. prepare the emulsion matrix of 1000g after stirring；
D) emulsion matrix prepared for step c) is cooled to less than 40 DEG C, with the 0.2% of 30g sodium nitrite in aqueous solution exist
In the agitator of 480n/m rotating speed, stir 2 minutes, described emulsion matrix mix with sodium nitrite in aqueous solution after i.e. at latex base
Produce bubble in matter, i.e. achieve the sensitization of explosive.
Above-mentioned application is after 10 minutes, and explosive volume is the most unchanged, test emulsion performance: explosion velocity 5100～5300m/s,
Induced detonation 7cm, 1.05 grams/cm of explosive proportion3。
The embodiment 5. application on MeiZhou,GuangDong explosive factory emulsion explosive production line
A) the easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent embodiment 2 of 23 parts prepared adds the complex wax of 47 parts, is uniformly mixing to obtain 70 parts of oil
Phase；
B) it is made into aqueous phase with the ammonium nitrate of 720 parts, the sodium nitrate of 80 parts together with the water of 130 parts；
C) 70 parts of prepared for step a) oil phases are heated to 85 DEG C, put in reactor, then 930 parts that step b) is obtained
Heated aqueous, to 95 DEG C, starts agitator, adds aqueous phase while stirring, i.e. prepare the emulsion matrix of 1000 parts after stirring；
D) emulsion matrix prepared for step c) is cooled to less than 55 DEG C, with the 0.2% of 30 parts sodium nitrite in aqueous solution exist
In the agitator tank of 175n/m, stir 1 minute, described emulsion matrix mix with sodium nitrite in aqueous solution after i.e. in emulsion matrix
Produce bubble, i.e. achieve the sensitization of explosive, produce enterprising luggage medicine and packaging continuously, it is not necessary to process aftereffect.
Sampling on above-mentioned production line, explosive volume is the most unchanged, test emulsion performance (average data of sampling in continuous 6 months):
Explosion velocity 4957m/s, induced detonation 6cm, brisance 18.3mm, 1.07 grams/cm of explosive proportion3。
The embodiment 6. application on the explosive factory emulsion explosive production line of Shaoyang, Hunan
A) the easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent embodiment 2 of 21.5 parts prepared adds the complex wax of 48.5 parts, is uniformly mixing to obtain 70
Part oil phase；
B) it is made into aqueous phase with the ammonium nitrate of 720 parts, the sodium nitrate of 80 parts together with the water of 130 parts；
C) 70 parts of prepared for step a) oil phases are heated to 85 DEG C, put in reactor, then 930 parts that step b) is obtained
Heated aqueous, to 95 DEG C, starts agitator, adds aqueous phase while stirring, i.e. prepare the emulsion matrix of 1000 parts after stirring；
D) emulsion matrix prepared for step c) is cooled to less than 55 DEG C, with the 0.2% of 30 parts sodium nitrite in aqueous solution exist
In the agitator tank of 175n/m, stir 1 minute, described emulsion matrix mix with sodium nitrite in aqueous solution after i.e. in emulsion matrix
Produce bubble, i.e. achieve the sensitization of explosive, produce enterprising luggage medicine and packaging continuously, it is not necessary to process aftereffect.
Sampling on above-mentioned production line, explosive volume is the most unchanged, the test emulsion performance (average of sampling in continuous 6 months
According to): explosion velocity 4957m/s, induced detonation 6cm, brisance 18.5mm, 1.07 grams/cm of explosive proportion3。
Embodiment 7. mixes the application (physical state due to physical sensitization explosive of sensitization on the explosive factory emulsion explosive production line of Guangdong
Too hard, during powder charge, propellant charge pressure is too big, is crushed by the sensitization material in explosive, destroys sensitization bubble, the performance of explosive and storage
Phase significantly shortens, and for improving powder charge and explosion property, uses mixing sensitization, i.e. 1/3rd chemical sensitizations, 2/3rds physics
Sensitization)
A) the easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent embodiment 3 of 23 parts prepared adds the complex wax of 47 parts, is uniformly mixing to obtain 70 parts of oil phases；
B) it is made into aqueous phase with the ammonium nitrate of 720 parts, the sodium nitrate of 80 parts together with the water of 130 parts；
C) 70 parts of prepared for step a) oil phases are heated to 85 DEG C, put in reactor, then 930 parts of water that step b) is obtained
Heat phase, to 95 DEG C, starts agitator, adds aqueous phase while stirring, i.e. prepare the emulsion matrix of 1000 parts after stirring；
D) emulsion matrix prepared for step c) is cooled to less than 40 DEG C, the sodium nitrite in aqueous solution by the 0.2% of 10 parts with
The perlite of 20 parts, is added in the agitator tank of 175n/m sequentially, stirs 1 minute, i.e. realizes the mixed of emulsion
Close sensitization, produce enterprising luggage medicine and packaging continuously.
Above-mentioned production line samples, test emulsion performance (average data of sampling in continuous 6 months): explosion velocity 4175/s,
Induced detonation 7cm, brisance 14.8mm, 1.16 grams/cm of explosive proportion3。
The embodiment 8. application on bulk mixing truck
A) the easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent embodiment 2 of 21.5 parts prepared and the machine oil of 40 parts, the complex wax of 8.5 parts
It is made into oil phase；
B) it is made into aqueous phase with the ammonium nitrate of 720 parts, the sodium nitrate of 80 parts together with the water of 130 parts；
C) 70 parts of prepared for step a) oil phases are heated to 85 DEG C, put in reactor, then step b) is obtained
930 parts of heated aqueous, to 105 DEG C, start agitator, add aqueous phase while stirring, i.e. prepare 1000 parts after stirring
Emulsion matrix；
D) c) make 1000 parts of emulsion matrixes being cooled to less than 40 DEG C, stirring adds the nitrous of 0.15w/w% concentration by hand
Acid sodium aqueous solution, sensitization in 5 minutes completes, and density is 1.08 grams/cm3, explosion velocity 4700m/s, without the late effect of making bubbles.
Apply the emulsion matrix that above-mentioned formula produces, i.e. load bulk mixing truck, after static mixer mixes 15 minutes, explosive
Volume is the most unchanged, test emulsion performance: explosion velocity 4600～4900m/s, 1.15 grams/cm of explosive proportion3。
The embodiment 9. application on Shaoyang, Hunan earth station sub-terrain mines explosive loader
A) the easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent embodiment 2 of 21.5 parts prepared and the diesel oil of 40 parts, the complex wax of 8.5 parts
It is made into oil phase；
B) it is made into aqueous phase with the ammonium nitrate of 720 parts, the sodium nitrate of 80 parts together with the water of 130 parts；
C) 70 parts of prepared for step a) oil phases are heated to 85 DEG C, put in reactor, then step b) is obtained
930 parts of heated aqueous, to 105 DEG C, start agitator, add aqueous phase while stirring, i.e. prepare 1000 parts after stirring
Emulsion matrix；
D) c) make 1000 parts of emulsion matrixes being cooled to less than 40 DEG C, stirring adds the nitrous of 0.15w/w% concentration by hand
Acid sodium aqueous solution, sensitization in 5 minutes completes, and density is 1.08 grams/cm3, explosion velocity 4700m/s, without the late effect of making bubbles.
Apply the emulsion matrix that above-mentioned formula produces, cool down less than 45 DEG C, i.e. load explosive loader, mix through static mixer
After 15 minutes, explosive volume is the most unchanged, test emulsion performance: explosion velocity 4600～4900m/s, explosive proportion 1.14 grams
/cm3。
The embodiment 10. application on Shaoyang, Hunan earth station bulk mixing truck
A) the easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent embodiment 3 of 21.5 parts prepared and the machine oil of 40 parts, the complex wax of 8.5 parts
It is made into oil phase；
B) it is made into aqueous phase with the ammonium nitrate of 720 parts, the sodium nitrate of 80 parts together with the water of 130 parts；
C) 70 parts of prepared for step a) oil phases are heated to 85 DEG C, put in reactor, then step b) is obtained
930 parts of heated aqueous, to 105 DEG C, start agitator, add aqueous phase while stirring, i.e. prepare 1000 parts after stirring
Emulsion matrix；
D) c) make 1000 parts of emulsion matrixes are cooled to less than 45 DEG C, mix with static mixer, be simultaneously introduced 0.15w/w%
The sodium nitrite in aqueous solution of concentration, sensitization in 5 minutes completes, and density is 1.08 grams/cm3, explosion velocity 4800m/s, without the late effect of making bubbles.
Apply the emulsion matrix that above-mentioned formula produces, cool down less than 45 DEG C, i.e. load explosive loader, mix through static mixer
After 15 minutes, explosive volume is the most unchanged, test emulsion performance: explosion velocity 4600～4900m/s, explosive proportion 1.15 grams
/cm3Below.
Embodiment 11. testing example
On a certain explosive factory emulsion explosive production line, use the easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent of embodiment 3 preparation to produce, produce
Emulsion matrix light folding bright, water resistance is excellent, crosses water cooling to 45～55 DEG C at belt, by homogenous mixer, in sensitization
Adding the sodium nitrite in aqueous solution of 0.15w/w% concentration in machine, explosive sensitization in 5 minutes completes, and density is 1.05 grams/cm3, explosion velocity
5100～5300m/s, without aftereffect after foaming.
This explosive is through inside detection, and with diameter 32mm aluminium plastic paper, average explosion velocity 4900m/s after 6 months, density is 1.06
Gram/cm3Higher than the performance of the strip emulsion of other emulsifying agents production.
The embodiment 12. use on Luoding, guangdong explosive factory emulsion explosive production line should
A) the easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent embodiment 3 of 22 parts prepared and the complex wax of 48 parts are made into oil phase；
B) it is made into aqueous phase with the ammonium nitrate of 720 parts, the sodium nitrate of 90 parts together with the water of 120 parts；
C) 70 parts of prepared for step a) oil phases are heated to 85 DEG C, put in reactor, then step b) is obtained
930 parts of heated aqueous, to 105 DEG C, start agitator, add aqueous phase while stirring, i.e. prepare 1000 parts after stirring
Emulsion matrix；
D) c) make 1000 parts of emulsion matrixes are cooled to less than 55 DEG C, stir with auger groove, add 30 parts of 0.15w/w%
The sodium nitrite in aqueous solution of concentration, sensitization in 5 minutes completes, and density is 1.05 grams/cm3, brisance 21.5mm, explosion velocity 4900m/s,
Without the late effect of making bubbles, 12 months storage periods.
Embodiment 13. testing example
In a certain earth station, the easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent using embodiment 2 to prepare entrusts portable emulsion matrix preparation station production line
Upper production, the emulsion matrix light folding of production is bright, and water resistance is excellent, is cooled down by enclosed type cooler, emulsion matrix
Reaching storage period 3 months, stirring adds the sodium nitrite in aqueous solution of 0.1w/w% concentration by hand, and explosive sensitization in 10 minutes completes, close
Degree is 1.08 grams/cm3, explosion velocity 4750m/s, without the late effect of making bubbles.
Apply above-mentioned emulsion matrix, with bulk mixing truck in stone pit powder charge, emulsion matrix with foaming agent after static mixer mixes,
Sensitization in 15 minutes completes, 1.15 grams/cm of explosive density3, explosive specific charge is suitable with strip medicine, but the boring expense reduction by 28% of explosion,
Quick-fried rear unrooted is low, and without bulk, comprehensive mining cost declines to a great extent.
Embodiment 14. comparative example
The commercially available Si Ben-80 of simple employing is mixed with, as surfactant, the lecithin adding 30-50%, certain obtaining prior art
Plant compound emulsifying agent.By this emulsifying agent in portable emulsion matrix preparation station application, the emulsion matrix light folding of production is bright, latex
Substrate is diluter, cools down with enclosed type cooler, and after emulsion matrix deposits 1 day, stirring adds 0.15w/w% concentration by hand
Sodium nitrite in aqueous solution, after 30 minutes, explosive sensibilization remains unfulfilled, and density is 1.18 grams/cm3, explosion velocity 3600m/s, foaming has
Aftereffect.
Compared by above-described embodiment and comparative example it can be seen that the easy sensitization compound emulsifying agent of the present invention is than the emulsifying agent of prior art
Have the most progressive at the everyway such as foamed time, density.
Claims (4)
1. a preparation method for the compound emulsifying agent of easy sensitization, comprises the following steps:
1) by weight, 0.4～0.5 part of surfactant and 0.4～0.5 part are moistened and stabilizer is mixed into oil phase, heating
Stand-by to 80～85 DEG C；
2) by weight, the sensitization accelerator of 5～10 parts is mixed to form heated aqueous to 90～95 DEG C with 1.0～1.5 parts of water
Stand-by；
3) by step 2) aqueous phase that obtains adds step 1) oil phase that obtains, make easy body sensitized emulsion base by mulser stirring
Matter；
4) by weight, 40～47 parts of surfactants and 40～48 parts are moistened and stabilizer mix homogeneously makes Composite Milk
Agent precursor；
5) by step 3) the easy body sensitized emulsion substrate and the step 4 that obtain) the compound emulsifying agent precursor that obtains mixes, and is formed the quickest
The compound emulsifying agent changed；
Described surfactant is selected from polyisobutene succinimide, polyisobutylene-bis-succinimide, sorbitan list oil
One or more mixture in acid esters or Dehydrated Xylitol Monooleate；
Described moistening and stabilizer is selected from one or more the mixing in oleic acid, lecithin, liquid paraffin, fatty acid
Thing；
The described sensitization accelerator one or more mixture in citric acid, ammonium nitrate, dilute hydrochloric acid.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described surfactant is sorbitan monooleate,
Or any one mixture in sorbitan monooleate and polyisobutene succinimide, the double succinyl Asia of polyisobutylene.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described moistening and stabilizer is lecithin and oleic acid, fat
The mixture of any one composition in fat acid or liquid paraffin.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described sensitization accelerator is in citric acid and ammonium nitrate
One or both mixture.
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| CN112521238B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-11-18 | 安徽江南化工股份有限公司 | High-stability colloidal emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
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