CN113880673A - High-performance emulsion explosive for coal mine - Google Patents
High-performance emulsion explosive for coal mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113880673A CN113880673A CN202010618010.7A CN202010618010A CN113880673A CN 113880673 A CN113880673 A CN 113880673A CN 202010618010 A CN202010618010 A CN 202010618010A CN 113880673 A CN113880673 A CN 113880673A
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-3,3-difluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(Br)C=C GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N2CN(N=O)CN1CN(N=O)C2 MWRWFPQBGSZWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Natural products CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N (2r,4r,4as,6as,6as,6br,8ar,12ar,14as,14bs)-2-hydroxy-4,4a,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14a-octamethyl-2,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picen-3-one Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@]2(C)CC[C@@]34C)C(C)(C)CC[C@]1(C)CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@]1(C)[C@H]3C[C@@H](O)C(=O)[C@@H]1C DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LCRMGUFGEDUSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalen-1-ylsulfonyloxymethyl naphthalene-1-sulfonate;sodium Chemical group [Na].C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(OCOS(=O)(=O)C=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)=O)=CC=CC2=C1 LCRMGUFGEDUSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 claims description 3
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- GCNLRNBDDUYJMP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methylnaphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=CC2=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(C)=CC=C21 GCNLRNBDDUYJMP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008347 soybean phospholipid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/30—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with vegetable matter; with resin; with rubber
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-performance emulsion explosive for coal mines, which comprises a first component and a second component which are mixed in equal proportion according to parts by mass, wherein the first component comprises the following components in parts by mass: the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: ammonium nitrate: 40-45 parts of sodium nitrate: 6-7 parts of a composite emulsifier: 3-5 parts of sodium chloride: 3-5 parts of microcrystalline wax: 1-3 parts of chlorinated paraffin: 1-2 parts of water: 5-7 parts of cosolvent: 1-2 parts of flame retardant: 8-11 parts, sensitizer: 0.5-1 part; the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass: ammonium nitrate: 30-40 parts of urea: 7-11 parts of ammonium perchlorate: 10-13 parts of a crystal form modifier: 3-6 parts of water: 8-10 parts of foaming agent: 0.2-0.4 part of foaming promoter: 0.1-0.3 part, emulsifier: 4-7 parts of surfactant: 0.5-1.0 part of oil phase material: 10-15 parts; the emulsion explosive has the advantages of good explosiveness, good safety, less smoke, good stability and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an explosive, in particular to a high-performance emulsion explosive for coal mines.
Background
The emulsion explosive is a kind of emulsion explosive prepared by emulsion technology, in which microdroplets of oxidant salt aqueous solution are uniformly dispersed in oil phase continuous medium containing porous substances such as dispersed bubbles or hollow glass beads to form a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion-like water-containing industrial explosive.
Emulsion explosive is a new product developed in the 70's of the 20 th century. Blabm in the United states in 1969 first described emulsion explosive technology relatively fully, the earliest emulsion explosives being non-detonator sensitive and having to be detonated by means of a relay primer in use. Later, with the research on emulsion explosives, emulsion explosives researched in later period also have detonator sensitivity, good water resistance, good explosion performance, low mechanical sensitivity, good safety and the like, and simultaneously have lower cost than water gel explosives. At present, emulsion explosives are widely used at home and abroad.
The allowed explosives for coal mines in China are classified according to the safety of gas, and the classification rule of the allowed explosives is shown in the standard MT.61.1997 and is divided into five grades: the allowed explosive for the first-grade coal mine can be used for low-gas mine; the allowable explosive for the second-level coal mine can be generally used for high gas mines; the allowable explosive for the third-level coal mine can be used for gas and coal outburst mines; and the explosive allowed for the fourth-grade coal mine and the explosive allowed for the fifth-grade coal mine. The coal mine permitted explosive belongs to a first class of explosive or is called safe explosive, but the highest safety level of the coal mine permitted emulsion explosive currently used in China is three, and compared with the safety level of the coal mine permitted emulsion explosive in foreign countries, the safety level of the coal mine permitted emulsion explosive at most reaches the medium safety level in foreign countries. Therefore, the research and development of the emulsion explosive product for the coal mine with higher safety and better performance have important significance for further improving the safety level of the emulsion explosive which is allowed to be used in the coal mine in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the high-performance emulsion explosive for the coal mine, which has the advantages of good explosiveness, good safety, less smoke, good stability and low cost.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the high-performance emulsion explosive for the coal mine comprises a first component and a second component which are mixed in equal proportion according to parts by weight, wherein the first component comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
ammonium nitrate: 40-45 parts of sodium nitrate: 6-7 parts of a composite emulsifier: 3-5 parts of sodium chloride: 3-5 parts of microcrystalline wax: 1-3 parts of chlorinated paraffin: 1-2 parts of water: 5-7 parts of cosolvent: 1-2 parts of flame retardant: 8-11 parts, sensitizer: 0.5-1 part;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass:
ammonium nitrate: 30-40 parts of urea: 7-11 parts of ammonium perchlorate: 10-13 parts of a crystal form modifier: 3-6 parts of water: 8-10 parts of foaming agent: 0.2-0.4 part of foaming promoter: 0.1-0.3 part, emulsifier: 4-7 parts of surfactant: 0.5-1.0 part of oil phase material: 10-15 parts.
The invention further defines the technical scheme that:
in the high-performance emulsion explosive for coal mines, the cosolvent is urea; the flame retardant is prepared by compounding NaCl and KCl, wherein the mass ratio of NaCl: KCl =2: 1; the sensitizer is a mixture of N, N-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and water, and the mass ratio of the N, N-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine is as follows: water =1: 2.
In the high-performance coal mine emulsion explosive, the composite emulsifier is prepared from the following modified soybean phospholipids in parts by mass: 40-50 parts of high-viscosity emulsifier Span-80: 20-30 parts of polyolefin derivative LR-1: 15-17 parts, wherein:
the preparation method of the composite emulsifier comprises the following steps: feeding the modified soybean lecithin, the high-viscosity emulsifier Span-80 and the polyolefin derivative (LR-1) into a reactor, stirring for 10-15min at the speed of 100-150r/min under vacuum condition, then stirring for 10-12min at the speed of 250-300 r/min, finally stirring for 10-15min at the speed of 400-500 r/min, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite emulsifier.
In the high-performance emulsion explosive for coal mines, the foaming agent is formed by mixing lignin and sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the mass ratio of the lignin: sodium lauryl sulfate =1: 10-11.
In the high-performance emulsion explosive for coal mines, the foaming promoter is acetic acid or sulfuric acid; the crystal form modifier is one of sodium methyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfonate or sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the emulsifier is prepared by mixing sorbitan monooleate and succinimide in equal proportion; the surfactant is sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate; the oil phase material is a mixture of paraffin, ceresin, rosin, polyethylene and engine oil.
In the high-performance coal mine emulsion explosive, the preparation method of the emulsion explosive specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing ammonium nitrate, sodium chloride, cosolvent and water, heating to the temperature of 110-;
(2) uniformly mixing microcrystalline wax, chlorinated paraffin, composite emulsifier, flame retardant and sensitizer, heating to 80-85 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 10-15min, and filtering to obtain oil phase;
(3) adding the oil phase obtained in the step (2) into an emulsifier, starting the emulsifier, adding the water phase obtained in the step (1), and stirring at high speed to obtain a latex matrix, wherein the temperature of the latex matrix is 70-75 ℃;
(4) cooling the latex matrix obtained in the step (3) to 40-50 ℃, conveying the latex matrix to a sensitizing machine, adding a density regulator into the sensitizing machine for sensitization at the sensitization temperature of 50-55 ℃, sensitizing for 1-2min, uniformly mixing, cooling to room temperature, and discharging;
(5) dissolving ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium perchlorate and water in a dissolving tank, mixing, heating to 80-89 deg.C, maintaining for 10-12min, filtering, and storing in a storage tank;
(6) uniformly mixing an oil phase material, a surfactant, a foaming agent, a foaming promoter and an emulsifier, then adding a crystal form modifier, uniformly mixing, heating to 105 ℃ at 100 ℃, preserving heat for 10-13min, filtering and placing in a storage tank;
(7) adding the solution obtained in the step (6) into a continuous emulsifying machine, starting the emulsifying machine, adding the solution obtained in the step (5), stirring by the emulsifying machine to obtain a latex matrix, wherein the temperature of the latex matrix is 60-65 ℃, sensitizing the latex matrix in a sensitizing machine, the sensitizing temperature is 80-85 ℃, and filtering the latex matrix by a 60-80-mesh filter screen for discharging;
(8) uniformly mixing the material in the step (7) and the material in the step (4), packaging the mixture into hollow medicament rolls with different specifications by using a medicament filling machine, and carrying out mouth nesting to obtain the finished product of the emulsion explosive allowed for the coal mine, wherein the medicament filling temperature is 53-55 ℃; density of the medicated roll: 0.95g/cm 3-1.05 g/cm 3.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the combination of the surfactant and the emulsifier has little influence on the thermal stability of the ammonium nitrate, the decomposition of the oxidant cannot be accelerated, and the combination of the surfactant and the emulsifier has better emulsifying power and more stable storage; the ammonium perchlorate not only can be used as a rocket propellant, but also can be independently matched with other explosives to be used as an explosive.
The ammonium nitrate, the sodium nitrate and the sodium nitrate can provide partial oxygen, play a part of roles in flame extinction and crystallization point reduction, improve the content of the ammonium nitrate as much as possible, reduce the content of the sodium nitrate and are beneficial to improving the stability of detonation sensitivity.
The invention can better improve the explosion performance stability and the storage period stability of the coal mine emulsion explosive by reasonably configuring the raw materials and controlling the processes of water phase temperature, water phase density, water phase crystallization point, temperature before and after sensitization and the like in the production process according to the characteristics of chemical sensitization.
The crystal form modifier is added to be used as the crystal form modifier of the ammonium nitrate and used for controlling the grain development of the ammonium nitrate and avoiding the appearance of square or columnar large particles, thereby improving the plasticity of the explosive and improving the detonation sensitivity of the explosive.
The flame inhibitor is added, so that the explosion temperature and the explosion heat of the emulsion explosive can be reduced when the emulsion explosive explodes, the length and the holding time of explosion flame are shortened, the safety of combustible gas is ensured, and the flame inhibitor is compounded by NaCl and KCl to reduce the cost and achieve a better flame inhibition effect; meanwhile, the flame retardant is completely added into the oxidant solution, so that the mode can meet the requirements of both physical sensitization products and chemical sensitization products, the product quality is stable, the operation is convenient, the consumption of the flame retardant is small, the flame retardant effect is good, and the safety degree is high;
when the flame inhibitor in the emulsion explosive is mainly dissolved in the aqueous solution of the oxidant, tiny crystal grains are formed in the explosion process, the emulsion explosive has larger specific surface area, is uniformly dispersed, and has good flame inhibition effect; the appropriate amount of the flame retardant can ensure the safety of the coal mine permitted emulsion explosive, but the excessive amount of the flame retardant can reduce the detonation sensitivity and the explosion power, so the addition amount of the flame retardant is based on the safety of the coal mine permitted emulsion explosive.
The powdery emulsion explosive has the advantages of good explosive performance, good safety, less smoke, good stability, good storage performance and low cost.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a high-performance emulsion explosive for coal mines, which comprises two components, namely a component A and a component B, which are mixed in equal proportion according to parts by mass, wherein the two components comprise:
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
ammonium nitrate: 40 parts, sodium nitrate: 6 parts of a composite emulsifier: 3 parts, sodium chloride: 3 parts, microcrystalline wax: 1 part, chlorinated paraffin: 1 part, water: 5 parts of cosolvent: 1 part, flame retardant: 8 parts, sensitizer: 0.5 part;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass:
ammonium nitrate: 30 parts of urea: 7 parts of ammonium perchlorate: 10 parts, crystal form modifier: 3 parts of water: 8 parts, foaming agent: 0.2 part, foaming accelerator: 0.1 part, emulsifier: 4 parts, surfactant: 0.5 part, oil phase material: 10 parts.
In this example, the cosolvent is urea; the flame retardant is prepared by compounding NaCl and KCl, wherein the mass ratio of NaCl: KCl =2: 1; the sensitizer is a mixture of N, N-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and water, and the mass ratio of the N, N-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine is as follows: water =1: 2.
In this example, the composite emulsifier is, in parts by mass, modified soybean phospholipid: 40 parts, high-viscosity emulsifier Span-80: 20 parts of polyolefin derivative LR-1: 15 parts, wherein:
the preparation of the composite emulsifier is as follows: feeding the modified soybean lecithin, the high-viscosity emulsifier Span-80 and the polyolefin derivative (LR-1) into a reactor, stirring at the speed of 100r/min for 10min under a vacuum condition, then stirring at the speed of 250r/min for 10min, finally regulating to the speed of 400 r/min, stirring for 10min, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite emulsifier.
In this embodiment, the foaming agent is a mixture of lignin and sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the mass ratio of lignin: sodium lauryl sulfate =1: 10.
In this example, the blowing promoter is acetic acid; the crystal modifier is sodium methyl naphthalene sulfonate; the emulsifier is sorbitan monooleate and succinimide mixed in equal proportion; the surfactant is sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate; the oil phase material is a mixture of paraffin, ceresin, rosin, polyethylene and engine oil.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the emulsion explosive specifically includes the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing ammonium nitrate, sodium chloride, cosolvent and water, heating to 110 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, and filtering to obtain a water phase;
(2) uniformly mixing microcrystalline wax, chlorinated paraffin, composite emulsifier, flame retardant and sensitizer, heating to 80 ℃, preserving heat for 10-15min, and filtering to obtain an oil phase;
(3) adding the oil phase obtained in the step (2) into an emulsifier, starting the emulsifier, adding the water phase obtained in the step (1), and stirring at high speed to obtain a latex matrix, wherein the temperature of the latex matrix is 70 ℃;
(4) cooling the latex matrix obtained in the step (3) to 40 ℃, conveying the latex matrix to a sensitizing machine, adding a density regulator into the sensitizing machine for sensitizing at the sensitizing temperature of 50 ℃ for 1min, uniformly mixing, cooling to room temperature, and discharging;
(5) dissolving ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium perchlorate and water in a dissolving tank, mixing uniformly, heating to 80 ℃, preserving heat for 10min, filtering and storing in a storage tank;
(6) uniformly mixing an oil phase material, a surfactant, a foaming agent, a foaming promoter and an emulsifier, then adding a crystal form modifier, uniformly mixing, heating to 100 ℃, preserving heat for 10min, filtering, and placing in a storage tank;
(7) adding the solution obtained in the step (6) into a continuous emulsifying machine, starting the emulsifying machine, adding the solution obtained in the step (5), stirring by the emulsifying machine to obtain a latex matrix, wherein the temperature of the latex matrix is 60 ℃, sensitizing the latex matrix in a sensitizing machine, the sensitizing temperature is 80 ℃, and passing through a 60-mesh filter screen for material discharge;
(8) uniformly mixing the material in the step (7) and the material in the step (4), packaging the mixture into hollow medicament rolls with different specifications by using a medicament filling machine, and carrying out mouth nesting to obtain the finished product of the emulsion explosive allowed for the coal mine, wherein the medicament filling temperature is 53 ℃; density of the medicated roll: 0.95g/cm 3.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a high-performance emulsion explosive for coal mines, which comprises two components, namely a component A and a component B, which are mixed in equal proportion according to parts by mass, wherein the two components comprise:
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
ammonium nitrate: 45 parts, sodium nitrate: 7 parts of a composite emulsifier: 5 parts, sodium chloride: 5 parts, microcrystalline wax: 3 parts, chlorinated paraffin: 2 parts, water: 7 parts of cosolvent: 2 parts of flame retardant: 11 parts, sensitizer: 1 part;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass:
ammonium nitrate: 40 parts of urea: 11 parts, ammonium perchlorate: 13 parts, crystal form modifier: 6 parts of water: 10 parts of foaming agent: 0.4 part, foaming accelerator: 0.3 part, emulsifier: 7 parts, surfactant: 1.0 part, oil phase material: 15 parts.
In this example, the cosolvent is urea; the flame retardant is prepared by compounding NaCl and KCl, wherein the mass ratio of NaCl: KCl =2: 1; the sensitizer is a mixture of N, N-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and water, and the mass ratio of the N, N-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine is as follows: water =1: 2.
In this example, the composite emulsifier is, in parts by mass, modified soybean phospholipid: 50 parts of high-viscosity emulsifier Span-80: 30 parts of polyolefin derivative LR-1: 17 parts, wherein:
the preparation of the composite emulsifier is as follows: feeding the modified soybean lecithin, the high-viscosity emulsifier Span-80 and the polyolefin derivative (LR-1) into a reactor, stirring for 15min at the speed of 150r/min under the vacuum condition, then stirring for 12min at the speed of 300 r/min, finally stirring for 15min at the speed of 500 r/min, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite emulsifier.
In this embodiment, the foaming agent is a mixture of lignin and sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the mass ratio of lignin: sodium lauryl sulfate =1: 10.
In this example, the foaming promoter is sulfuric acid; the crystal modifier is sodium dodecyl sulfate; the emulsifier is sorbitan monooleate and succinimide mixed in equal proportion; the surfactant is sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate; the oil phase material is a mixture of paraffin, ceresin, rosin, polyethylene and engine oil.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the emulsion explosive specifically includes the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing ammonium nitrate, sodium chloride, cosolvent and water, heating to 123 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, and filtering to obtain a water phase;
(2) uniformly mixing microcrystalline wax, chlorinated paraffin, a composite emulsifier, a flame retardant and a sensitizer, heating to 85 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, and filtering to obtain an oil phase;
(3) adding the oil phase obtained in the step (2) into an emulsifier, starting the emulsifier, adding the water phase obtained in the step (1), and stirring at high speed to obtain a latex matrix, wherein the temperature of the latex matrix is 75 ℃;
(4) cooling the latex matrix obtained in the step (3) to 50 ℃, conveying the latex matrix to a sensitizing machine, adding a density regulator into the sensitizing machine for sensitizing at the sensitizing temperature of 55 ℃ for 2min, uniformly mixing, cooling to room temperature, and discharging;
(5) dissolving ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium perchlorate and water in a dissolving tank, mixing uniformly, heating to 89 ℃, preserving heat for 12min, filtering and storing in a storage tank;
(6) uniformly mixing an oil phase material, a surfactant, a foaming agent, a foaming promoter and an emulsifier, then adding a crystal form modifier, uniformly mixing, heating to 105 ℃, preserving heat for 13min, filtering and placing in a storage tank;
(7) adding the solution obtained in the step (6) into a continuous emulsifying machine, starting the emulsifying machine, adding the solution obtained in the step (5), stirring by the emulsifying machine to obtain a latex matrix, wherein the temperature of the latex matrix is 65 ℃, sensitizing the latex matrix in a sensitizing machine, the sensitizing temperature is 85 ℃, and passing through an 80-mesh filter screen for material discharge;
(8) uniformly mixing the material in the step (7) and the material in the step (4), packaging the mixture into hollow medicament rolls with different specifications by using a medicament filling machine, and carrying out mouth nesting to obtain the coal mine allowable emulsion explosive finished product, wherein the medicament filling temperature is 55 ℃; density of the medicated roll: 1.05g/cm 3.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a high-performance emulsion explosive for coal mines, which comprises two components, namely a component A and a component B, which are mixed in equal proportion according to parts by mass, wherein the two components comprise:
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
ammonium nitrate: 42 parts, sodium nitrate: 6 parts of a composite emulsifier: 4 parts, sodium chloride: 4 parts, microcrystalline wax: 2 parts, chlorinated paraffin: 2 parts, water: 6 parts of cosolvent: 2 parts of flame retardant: 9 parts, sensitizer: 0.8 part;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass:
ammonium nitrate: 35 parts of urea: 8 parts, ammonium perchlorate: 12 parts, crystal form modifier: 5 parts, water: 9 parts of foaming agent: 0.3 part, foaming accelerator: 0.2 part, emulsifier: 5 parts, surfactant: 0.8 part, oil phase material: 12 parts.
In this example, the cosolvent is urea; the flame retardant is prepared by compounding NaCl and KCl, wherein the mass ratio of NaCl: KCl =2: 1; the sensitizer is a mixture of N, N-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and water, and the mass ratio of the N, N-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine is as follows: water =1: 2.
In this example, the composite emulsifier is, in parts by mass, modified soybean phospholipid: 45 parts, high-viscosity emulsifier Span-80: 25 parts of polyolefin derivative LR-1: 16 parts, wherein:
the preparation of the composite emulsifier is as follows: feeding the modified soybean lecithin, the high-viscosity emulsifier Span-80 and the polyolefin derivative (LR-1) into a reactor, stirring at the speed of 120r/min for 13min under a vacuum condition, then stirring at the speed of 280 r/min for 11min, finally regulating to the speed of 450 r/min, stirring for 13min, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite emulsifier.
In this embodiment, the foaming agent is a mixture of lignin and sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the mass ratio of lignin: sodium lauryl sulfate =1: 10.
In this example, the foaming promoter is sulfuric acid; the crystal modifier is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the emulsifier is sorbitan monooleate and succinimide mixed in equal proportion; the surfactant is sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate; the oil phase material is a mixture of paraffin, ceresin, rosin, polyethylene and engine oil.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the emulsion explosive specifically includes the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing ammonium nitrate, sodium chloride, cosolvent and water, heating to 118 ℃, preserving heat for 25min, and filtering to obtain a water phase;
(2) uniformly mixing microcrystalline wax, chlorinated paraffin, a composite emulsifier, a flame retardant and a sensitizer, heating to 83 ℃, preserving heat for 12min, and filtering to obtain an oil phase;
(3) adding the oil phase obtained in the step (2) into an emulsifier, starting the emulsifier, adding the water phase obtained in the step (1), and stirring at a high speed to obtain a latex matrix, wherein the temperature of the latex matrix is 73 ℃;
(4) cooling the latex matrix obtained in the step (3) to 45 ℃, conveying the latex matrix into a sensitizing machine, adding a density regulator into the sensitizing machine for sensitization, wherein the sensitization temperature is 52 ℃, sensitizing for 2min, uniformly mixing, cooling to room temperature, and discharging;
(5) dissolving ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium perchlorate and water in a dissolving tank, mixing uniformly, heating to 85 ℃, preserving heat for 11min, filtering and storing in a storage tank;
(6) uniformly mixing an oil phase material, a surfactant, a foaming agent, a foaming promoter and an emulsifier, then adding a crystal form modifier, uniformly mixing, heating to 103 ℃, preserving heat for 12min, filtering, and placing in a storage tank;
(7) adding the solution obtained in the step (6) into a continuous emulsifying machine, starting the emulsifying machine, adding the solution obtained in the step (5), stirring by the emulsifying machine to obtain a latex matrix, wherein the temperature of the latex matrix is 63 ℃, the emulsified matrix is sensitized in a sensitizing machine, the sensitizing temperature is 82 ℃, and passing through a 70-mesh filter screen for material discharge;
(8) uniformly mixing the material in the step (7) and the material in the step (4), packaging the mixture into hollow medicament rolls with different specifications by using a medicament filling machine, and carrying out mouth nesting to obtain the finished product of the emulsion explosive allowed for the coal mine, wherein the medicament filling temperature is 54 ℃; density of the medicated roll: 1.01g/cm 3.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The high-performance emulsion explosive for the coal mine is characterized by comprising two components, namely a component A and a component B, which are mixed in equal proportion according to parts by mass, wherein the two components are as follows:
the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
ammonium nitrate: 40-45 parts of sodium nitrate: 6-7 parts of a composite emulsifier: 3-5 parts of sodium chloride: 3-5 parts of microcrystalline wax: 1-3 parts of chlorinated paraffin: 1-2 parts of water: 5-7 parts of cosolvent: 1-2 parts of flame retardant: 8-11 parts, sensitizer: 0.5-1 part;
the component B comprises the following components in parts by mass:
ammonium nitrate: 30-40 parts of urea: 7-11 parts of ammonium perchlorate: 10-13 parts of a crystal form modifier: 3-6 parts of water: 8-10 parts of foaming agent: 0.2-0.4 part of foaming promoter: 0.1-0.3 part, emulsifier: 4-7 parts of surfactant: 0.5-1.0 part of oil phase material: 10-15 parts.
2. The high-performance emulsion explosive for coal mines according to claim 1, wherein: the cosolvent is urea; the flame retardant is prepared by compounding NaCl and KCl, wherein the mass ratio of NaCl: KCl =2: 1; the sensitizer is a mixture of N, N-dinitrosopentamethylene tetramine and water, and the mass ratio of the N, N-dinitrosopentamethylene tetramine is as follows: water =1: 2.
3. The high-performance emulsion explosive for coal mines according to claim 1, wherein: the composite emulsifier is prepared from the following modified soybean phospholipids in parts by mass: 40-50 parts of high-viscosity emulsifier Span-80: 20-30 parts of polyolefin derivative LR-1: 15-17 parts, wherein:
the preparation method of the composite emulsifier comprises the following steps: feeding the modified soybean lecithin, the high-viscosity emulsifier Span-80 and the polyolefin derivative (LR-1) into a reactor, stirring for 10-15min at the speed of 100-150r/min under vacuum condition, then stirring for 10-12min at the speed of 250-300 r/min, finally stirring for 10-15min at the speed of 400-500 r/min, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite emulsifier.
4. The high-performance emulsion explosive for coal mines according to claim 1, wherein: the foaming agent is formed by mixing lignin and sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the mass ratio of the lignin: sodium lauryl sulfate =1: 10-11.
5. The high-performance emulsion explosive for coal mines according to claim 1, wherein: the foaming promoter is acetic acid or sulfuric acid; the crystal form modifier is one of sodium methyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfonate or sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the emulsifier is prepared by mixing sorbitan monooleate and succinimide in equal proportion; the surfactant is sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate; the oil phase material is a mixture of paraffin, ceresin, rosin, polyethylene and engine oil.
6. The high-performance emulsion explosive for coal mines according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the emulsion explosive comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing ammonium nitrate, sodium chloride, cosolvent and water, heating to the temperature of 110-;
(2) uniformly mixing microcrystalline wax, chlorinated paraffin, composite emulsifier, flame retardant and sensitizer, heating to 80-85 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 10-15min, and filtering to obtain oil phase;
(3) adding the oil phase obtained in the step (2) into an emulsifier, starting the emulsifier, adding the water phase obtained in the step (1), and stirring at high speed to obtain a latex matrix, wherein the temperature of the latex matrix is 70-75 ℃;
(4) cooling the latex matrix obtained in the step (3) to 40-50 ℃, conveying the latex matrix to a sensitizing machine, adding a density regulator into the sensitizing machine for sensitization at the sensitization temperature of 50-55 ℃, sensitizing for 1-2min, uniformly mixing, cooling to room temperature, and discharging;
(5) dissolving ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium perchlorate and water in a dissolving tank, mixing, heating to 80-89 deg.C, maintaining for 10-12min, filtering, and storing in a storage tank;
(6) uniformly mixing an oil phase material, a surfactant, a foaming agent, a foaming promoter and an emulsifier, then adding a crystal form modifier, uniformly mixing, heating to 105 ℃ at 100 ℃, preserving heat for 10-13min, filtering and placing in a storage tank;
(7) adding the solution obtained in the step (6) into a continuous emulsifying machine, starting the emulsifying machine, adding the solution obtained in the step (5), stirring by the emulsifying machine to obtain a latex matrix, wherein the temperature of the latex matrix is 60-65 ℃, sensitizing the latex matrix in a sensitizing machine, the sensitizing temperature is 80-85 ℃, and filtering the latex matrix by a 60-80-mesh filter screen for discharging;
(8) uniformly mixing the material in the step (7) and the material in the step (4), packaging the mixture into hollow medicament rolls with different specifications by using a medicament filling machine, and carrying out mouth nesting to obtain the finished product of the emulsion explosive allowed for the coal mine, wherein the medicament filling temperature is 53-55 ℃; density of the medicated roll: 0.95g/cm 3-1.05 g/cm 3.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115259973A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-01 | 湖北东神天神实业有限公司 | Sensitization device and method for paste emulsified base |
| CN115433050A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-06 | 河南久联神威民爆器材有限公司 | Improved emulsion explosive and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115259973A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-01 | 湖北东神天神实业有限公司 | Sensitization device and method for paste emulsified base |
| CN115433050A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-06 | 河南久联神威民爆器材有限公司 | Improved emulsion explosive and preparation method and application thereof |
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