CN111948035B - Tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device and calibration method thereof - Google Patents
Tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device and calibration method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111948035B CN111948035B CN202010759551.1A CN202010759551A CN111948035B CN 111948035 B CN111948035 B CN 111948035B CN 202010759551 A CN202010759551 A CN 202010759551A CN 111948035 B CN111948035 B CN 111948035B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000258971 Brachiopoda Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/62—Manufacturing, calibrating, or repairing devices used in investigations covered by the preceding subgroups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
Abstract
The invention provides a vertical calibration device for clamping a tensile sample, which is applied to the technical field of tensile test equipment, wherein the upper end of a supporting part (2) of the vertical calibration device for clamping the tensile sample is movably connected with a projection lamp (1), the lower end of the supporting part (2) is connected with a base part (3), a magnetic force adjusting knob (302) is arranged on the base part (3), a projection curtain part (4) comprises a curtain shell (401), a curtain body (402) is arranged on the curtain shell (401), and a vertical calibration line (403) is arranged on the curtain body (402).
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tensile experiment equipment, and particularly relates to a tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device.
Background
The tensile test of the material is the most basic in the mechanical property test of the material and is also the most widely applied test method. The tensile test of the material has important application value and reference value in the aspects of development of new materials, purchase and acceptance of materials, quality control of products, safety evaluation of equipment and the like, and even can directly take the result of the tensile test as a judging standard in certain occasions. At present, most tensile testing machines use a wedge-shaped clamp, when a tensile test is carried out on a tensile sample with a circular cross section, a special V-shaped clamping block is adopted, so that the clamping end of the tensile sample can be ensured to be just clamped into a V-shaped groove of the V-shaped clamping block, the coincidence of the central axis of the tensile sample with the action line of the tensile testing machine with the circular cross section is ensured, the tensile sample with the circular cross section is ensured to be always in a vertical tensile state, and the generation of offset stress is prevented. When the tensile test is carried out on the tensile samples such as the rectangular cross section sample and the longitudinal arc sample, the flat clamping blocks are adopted, the flat clamping blocks cannot vertically adjust the tensile samples such as the rectangular cross section sample and the longitudinal arc sample, and when the samples are clamped, operators need to manually operate and place the samples, and ensure that the central axes of the tensile samples such as the rectangular cross section sample and the longitudinal arc sample are coincident with the action line of a tensile test machine, and the tensile samples such as the rectangular cross section sample and the longitudinal arc sample are always in a vertical tensile state. This is highly demanding for the operator, who is required to have a rich trial experience, all by experience and feel. The tensile test samples such as the rectangular cross section test sample, the longitudinal arc test sample and the like are easily placed and inclined by manual operation, so that the test result is inaccurate. The influence on the brittle material is larger and the deviation is larger. When a tensile sample such as a rectangular cross section sample, a longitudinal arc sample and the like is obliquely placed, the tensile sample can be caused to receive the action of an eccentric force, the sample can generate additional bending stress, the sample can receive the action of a component force in the horizontal direction, the measured value of the test force is smaller than the actual value, the measured material strength is smaller, and the larger the included angle is, the larger the deviation is.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device has the advantages of being low in manufacturing cost, simple in structure, convenient to operate, convenient to maintain and convenient to maintain, and can be used for conveniently and reliably vertically calibrating a tensile sample, ensuring that the tensile sample is placed into a vertical state at the initial stage of a test, avoiding errors of the test result caused by inclined placement of the sample, and improving the accuracy of the tensile test result and the convenience of the test process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a vertical calibration device for clamping a tensile sample, which comprises a tensile sample clamping component, a projection lamp, a supporting component, a base component and a projection curtain component, wherein the upper end of the supporting component is movably connected with the projection lamp, the lower end of the supporting component is connected with the base component, a magnetic force adjusting knob is arranged on the base component, the projection curtain component comprises a curtain shell, a curtain body is arranged on the curtain shell, a vertical calibration line is arranged on the curtain body, when the vertical calibration device for clamping the tensile sample is used for calibrating the tensile sample, the tensile sample clamping component is in a structure capable of being positioned between the projection lamp and the projection curtain component, and a calibration tensile sample is in a structure capable of being clamped on the tensile sample clamping component.
The projection lamp of the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device comprises a projection lamp shell, a condensing lens, a projection lamp switch, a condensing convex lens, a high-brightness LED lamp bead, a transparent condensing plate, an ellipsoidal condensing lens, a condensing plate convex lens, a lamp radiator, a high-brightness LED lamp bead electric wire, a regulating circuit board, a projection lamp switch electric wire, a lamp cooling fan, a cooling fan electric wire, a power wire and a lamp power supply.
The supporting part of the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device comprises a supporting frame, a supporting frame damping knob, a horizontal rotation knob, a supporting rod damping knob, a telescopic rod and a telescopic rod damping knob.
The projection curtain component also comprises a hanging rod, an upper fixed triangular hanging ring, an upper fixed hanging hook, a lower fixed hanging rope and a lower fixed hanging hook, wherein when the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device calibrates the tensile sample, the curtain body of the projection curtain component is arranged to be capable of aligning with the structure of the projection lamp.
The projection lamp shell of the projection lamp of the vertical calibration device clamped by the tensile sample is arranged on the support frame, the projection lamp shell is of a hollow structure, the front part of the projection lamp shell is of a hemispherical structure, the rear part of the projection lamp shell is of a cylindrical structure, and the lower surface of the front part of the projection lamp shell is of a porous structure.
The projection lamp switch, the highlight LED lamp bead, the LED lamp bead electric wire, the projection lamp switch electric wire and the regulation circuit board of the projection lamp of the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device form a closed circuit; the radiator fan of the projection lamp is arranged at the lower end of the front part of the projection lamp shell, and the radiator fan, the electric wires of the radiator fan and the regulating circuit board form a closed circuit.
The ellipsoidal condenser and the condensing plate convex lens of the projection lamp are arranged on the transparent condensing plate, the ellipsoidal condenser and the condensing plate convex lens are of an integrated structure, the transparent condensing plate is of a circular structure, the transparent condensing plate is preferably of a structure made of transparent polymethyl methacrylate materials with high light transmittance and stable chemical properties, the projection lamp is provided with a plurality of ellipsoidal condenser and condensing plate convex lenses, the ellipsoidal condenser and the condensing plate convex lens are respectively the same as the number of the highlight LED lamp beads, and the ellipsoidal condenser and the condensing plate convex lens are in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the highlight LED lamp beads along the light path of the highlight LED lamp beads.
The ellipsoidal condenser of the projection lamp is a groove on the transparent condenser plate, the inner surface of the ellipsoidal condenser is of a smooth elliptic spherical structure, the luminous center of the highlight LED lamp bead is located at the focus of the elliptic spherical structure, the condenser plate convex lens is a plano-convex lens, one face of the highlight LED lamp bead faces the ellipsoidal condenser and is a convex face, when the ellipsoidal condenser is in operation, light emitted by the highlight LED lamp bead is converged and directionally emitted through the ellipsoidal condenser, the light is then emitted into the condenser plate convex lens, the condenser plate convex lens deflects and converges the emitted light to form a focus, the center of the condenser convex lens is located at a focus accessory, and the light gathering degree is adjusted by rotating the condenser lens, so that the size and definition of projection on a curtain are adjusted.
The magnetic force adjusting knob of the base part is arranged on the side surface of the fixed base, and is arranged to be capable of adjusting and controlling the magnetic pole direction of the powerful magnet in the fixed base when rotating; when the magnetic force adjusting knob is rotated to adjust the magnetic pole direction of the powerful magnet to face the lower testing machine beam of the tensile sample clamping component positioned on the side face of the fixed base and is parallel to the horizontal plane, the fixed base is in a structure capable of realizing magnetization, and the fixed base is in a structure capable of being fixed on the tensile testing machine beam of the tensile sample clamping component; when the magnetic force adjusting knob is rotated to adjust the magnetic pole direction of the powerful magnet to be vertically downward, the fixed base is arranged to be in a structure capable of canceling magnetization, and the fixed base is arranged to be in a structure capable of being taken down from the lower testing machine cross beam of the tensile sample clamping component.
The invention also relates to a tensile sample clamping vertical calibration method which is simple and convenient to operate, can conveniently and reliably calibrate the tensile sample vertically, ensures that the tensile sample is placed in a vertical state at the beginning of a test, and avoids errors of test results caused by inclined placement of the sample, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results and the convenience of the test process, and the calibration method comprises the following steps:
1) The side surface of the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is tightly attached to the side surface of the lower testing machine beam of the tensile sample clamping component, the magnetic force adjusting knob is rotated, the magnetic pole direction of the strong magnet positioned in the fixed base is regulated and controlled, and when the magnetic pole direction of the strong magnet faces the lower testing machine beam 7 and is parallel to the horizontal plane, the fixed base is magnetized, and the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is adsorbed on the lower testing machine beam;
2) The projection curtain component is fixed on the wall behind the tensile sample clamping component by using the level gauge and using the upper fixed triangular hanging ring and the upper fixed hanging hook to prop open the curtain, and the lower fixed hanging ropes arranged at the two ends of the hanging rod are hooked on the lower fixed hanging hook fixed on the wall, so that the vertical alignment line on the curtain body is ensured to be vertically downward; one tensile sample is adjusted to be vertical as much as possible and then clamped on the tensile sample clamping component.
3) The projection lamp switch on the projection lamp head is turned on, the length of the support frame, the support rod and the telescopic rod on the support part is adjusted, the telescopic rod is stretched, the telescopic rod damping knob, the support frame damping knob, the support rod damping knob and the horizontal rotation knob are screwed, the support part is fixed, and the projection lamp is arranged to be fixed with the position of the curtain body.
4) The position of the condensing convex lens is adjusted by rotating the condensing lens, the convergence degree of light rays emitted from the projection lamp is adjusted, and the projection of the tensile sample with proper size and definition on the curtain body is ensured.
5) And adjusting the clamping state of the tensile sample according to the projection of the parallel part of the side edge of the tensile sample on the curtain body and the parallel state of the vertical calibration line until the projection and the parallel state are parallel to each other, so as to finish the vertical calibration of the clamping of the tensile sample, and carrying out a tensile test.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
the vertical calibration device for clamping the tensile sample performs vertical calibration when the tensile sample is clamped. When the tensile sample is vertically calibrated, the side surface of the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is tightly attached to the side surface of the lower testing machine beam of the tensile sample clamping component, the magnetic force adjusting knob is rotated, the magnetic pole direction of the strong magnet positioned in the fixed base is regulated and controlled, and when the magnetic pole direction of the strong magnet faces the lower testing machine beam and is parallel to the horizontal plane, the fixed base is magnetized, and the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is adsorbed on the lower testing machine beam; the projection curtain component is fixed on the wall behind the tensile sample clamping component by using the level gauge and using the upper fixed triangular hanging ring and the upper fixed hanging hook to prop open the curtain, and the lower fixed hanging ropes arranged at the two ends of the hanging rod are hooked on the lower fixed hanging hook fixed on the wall, so that the vertical alignment line on the curtain body is ensured to be vertically downward; one tensile sample is adjusted to be vertical as much as possible and then clamped on the tensile sample clamping component. The projection lamp switch on the projection lamp head is turned on, the length of the support frame, the support rod and the telescopic rod on the support part is adjusted, the telescopic rod is stretched, the telescopic rod damping knob, the support frame damping knob, the support rod damping knob and the horizontal rotation knob are screwed, the support part is fixed, and the projection lamp is arranged to be fixed with the position of the curtain body. The position of the condensing convex lens is adjusted by rotating the condensing lens, the convergence degree of light rays emitted from the projection lamp is adjusted, and the projection of the tensile sample with proper size and definition on the curtain body is ensured. And adjusting the clamping state of the tensile sample according to the projection of the parallel part of the side edge of the tensile sample on the curtain body and the parallel state of the vertical calibration line until the projection and the parallel state are parallel to each other, so as to finish the vertical calibration of the clamping of the tensile sample, and carrying out a tensile test. The vertical calibration device for clamping the tensile sample has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, simple and convenient operation and convenient maintenance, can conveniently and reliably perform vertical calibration on the tensile sample, ensures that the tensile sample is placed in a vertical state at the initial stage of the test, avoids error of the test result caused by inclined placement of the sample, and improves the accuracy of the tensile test result and the convenience of the test process.
Drawings
The following is a brief description of what is expressed in the drawings of this specification and the references in the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a projection lamp of a tensile specimen clamping vertical calibration device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a tensile specimen clamping vertical alignment device according to the present invention in use;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another angle of a projection lamp of the tensile specimen clamping vertical calibration device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a projection lamp of the tensile specimen clamping vertical calibration device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a projection curtain component of a projection lamp of a tensile specimen clamping vertical calibration device according to the present invention;
the reference numerals in the figures are respectively: 1. a projection lamp; 2. a support member; 3. a base member; 4. a projection curtain component; 5. a tensile specimen holding member; 6. a tensile testing machine; 7. a tensile tester beam; 8. stretching the sample; 101. a projection lamp housing; 102. a condenser lens; 103. a projection lamp switch; 104. a condensing convex lens; 105. highlighting the LED lamp beads; 106. a transparent light-gathering plate; 107. an ellipsoidal condenser; 108. a condensing plate convex lens; 109. a heat sink; 110. highlighting the LED lamp bead electric wire; 111. a regulation circuit board; 112. switching electrical leads of the projection lamp; 113. a heat radiation fan; 114. an electrical lead of a radiator fan; 115. a power line; 116. a lamp power supply; 201. a support frame; 202. a support frame damping knob; 203. rotating the knob horizontally; 204. a support rod; 205. a support rod damping knob; 206. a telescopic rod; 207. a telescopic rod damping knob; 301. a fixed base; 302. a magnetic force adjusting knob; 401. a curtain housing; 402. a curtain body; 403. a vertical calibration line; 404. a drop rod; 405. a triangular hanging ring is fixed on the upper part; 406. a fixed hook is arranged on the upper part; 407. a lower fixed hanging rope; 408. and a lower fixed hook.
Detailed Description
The following describes the shape, structure, mutual position and connection relation between parts, action of parts and working principle of the specific embodiment of the present invention by describing examples in further detail:
as shown in fig. 1-5, the invention is a vertical calibration device for clamping a tensile sample, which comprises a tensile sample clamping component 5, a projection lamp 1, a supporting component 2, a base component 3 and a projection curtain component 4, wherein the upper end of the supporting component 2 is movably connected with the projection lamp 1, the lower end of the supporting component 2 is connected with the base component 3, a magnetic force adjusting knob 302 is arranged on the base component 3, the projection curtain component 4 comprises a curtain shell 401, a curtain body 402 is arranged on the curtain shell 401, a vertical calibration line 403 is arranged on the curtain body 402, when the vertical calibration device for clamping the tensile sample 8 by the tensile sample is used for calibrating the tensile sample, the tensile sample clamping component 1 is in a structure capable of being positioned between the projection lamp 1 and the projection curtain component 4, and the tensile sample 8 is in a structure capable of being clamped on the tensile sample clamping component 1. In the above structure, vertical alignment is performed when the tensile sample is clamped. When the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is vertically calibrated, the side surface of the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is tightly attached to the side surface of the lower testing machine beam 7 of the tensile sample clamping component 1, the magnetic force adjusting knob 302 is rotated, the magnetic pole direction of the powerful magnet positioned in the fixed base 301 is regulated, the magnetic pole direction of the powerful magnet is regulated to face the lower testing machine beam 7, and when the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is parallel to the horizontal plane, the fixed base 301 is magnetized, and the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is adsorbed on the lower testing machine beam 7; the projection curtain component 4 is fixed on the wall behind the tensile sample clamping component 1 by using a level gauge through an upper fixed triangular hanging ring 405 and an upper fixed hanging hook 406, the curtain 402 is propped up, and lower fixed hanging ropes 407 arranged at two ends of a hanging rod 404 are hooked on a lower fixed hanging hook 408 fixed on the wall, so that a vertical calibration line 403 on the curtain body 402 is ensured to be vertically downward; one tensile sample is adjusted to be vertical as much as possible and then clamped on the tensile sample clamping member 1. The projection lamp switch 103 on the projection lamp holder 001 is turned on, the length of the support frame 201, the support rod 204 and the telescopic rod 206 on the support part 2 is adjusted, the telescopic rod 206 is stretched, the telescopic rod damping knob 207, the support frame damping knob 202, the support rod damping knob 205 and the horizontal rotation knob 203 are screwed, the support part 2 is fixed, and the projection lamp 1 is arranged to be fixed with the curtain body 402. Rotating the condenser lens 102 adjusts the position of the condenser convex lens 104, adjusts the convergence degree of the light rays emitted from the projection lamp 1, and ensures that the tensile sample 8 obtains a projection with proper size and definition on the curtain body 402. According to the projection of the side edge of the tensile sample 8 on the parallel part of the curtain body 402 and the parallel state of the vertical calibration line 403, the clamping state of the tensile sample 8 is adjusted until the two are parallel to each other, the vertical calibration of the clamping of the tensile sample is completed, and the tensile test is performed. The vertical calibration device for clamping the tensile sample has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, simple structure, convenient operation, convenient maintenance and convenient maintenance, can conveniently and reliably perform vertical calibration on the tensile sample, ensures that the tensile sample is placed in a vertical state at the initial stage of the test, and avoids errors of the test result caused by inclined placement of the sample, thereby improving the accuracy of the tensile test result and the convenience of the test process.
The projection lamp 1 of the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device comprises a projection lamp shell 101, a condensing lens 102, a projection lamp switch 103, a condensing convex lens 104, a high-brightness LED lamp bead 105, a transparent condensing plate 106, an ellipsoidal condensing lens 107, a condensing plate convex lens 108, a lamp radiator 109, a high-brightness LED lamp bead electric wire 110, a regulating circuit board 111, a projection lamp switch electric wire 112, a lamp cooling fan 113, a cooling fan electric wire 114, a power wire 115 and a lamp power supply 116. The projection lamp housing 101 is preferably an aluminum alloy material, which is lightweight, has good heat dissipation, and is low in cost. The high brightness LED beads 105 are disposed on the heat sink 109 for providing a light source. The LED lamp is selected as a light source, mainly because the service life of the LED lamp is longer, and meanwhile, the LED lamp is more energy-saving. The heat sink 109 is circular, preferably an aluminum alloy sheet, and has light weight, good heat dissipation, and low cost. The plurality of high-brightness LED lamp beads 105 are arranged, and the plurality of high-brightness LED lamp beads 105 are uniformly distributed on the round lamp 109 (radiator) along the same circumference. The transparent condenser plate 106 is preferably a transparent polymethyl methacrylate material having high light transmittance, easy processing, and stable chemical properties, and is provided with a plurality of ellipsoidal condenser lenses 107 and condenser plate convex lenses 108. The ellipsoidal condenser 107 and the condenser convex lenses 108 are the same as the high-brightness LED beads 105 in number, and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence along the light paths of the high-brightness LED beads 105. The condensing lens 102 is disposed on the projection lamp housing 101, the condensing lens 104 is disposed in the condensing lens 102, the center of the condensing lens 104 is disposed near a focal point formed by deflecting and converging incident light by the condensing lens 108, the condensing lens 102 is rotated to adjust the position of the condensing lens 104, adjust the convergence degree of the light emitted from the projection lamp holder 001, and finally adjust the size and definition of the projection on the curtain 402.
In the structure of the present invention, the heat dissipation fan 113 is disposed at the bottom hemisphere of the projection lamp housing 101 for dissipating heat. The cooling fan 113, the cooling fan electric lead 114 and the regulating circuit board 111 form a closed circuit, and the projection lamp switch 103 automatically operates after being turned on to suck hot air in the projection lamp housing 101 to the outside, so that the inside of the projection lamp housing 101 is ensured not to overheat to cause faults or accidents. The power cord 115 is disposed at the rear of the projection lamp housing 101, and is inserted into the projection lamp housing 101 from a small hole in the projection lamp housing 101 to connect with the control circuit board 111. The power supply 116 is disposed at the end of the power line 115 for supplying power to the projection lamp head 001.
The support part 2 of the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device comprises a support frame 201, a support frame damping knob 202, a horizontal rotation knob 203, a support rod 204, a support rod damping knob 205, a telescopic rod 206 and a telescopic rod damping knob 207. In the above structure, the support 201 is disposed between the support bar 204 and the projection lamp housing 101, and has a U-shaped cross section. The support damping knob 202 is arranged on the projection lamp housing 101 and the support 201, can ensure that the projection lamp holder 001 rotates in a vertical plane within 270 degrees, and can fix the position of the projection lamp holder 001 after screwing. The horizontal turning knob 203 is arranged at the joint of the support frame 201 and the support rod 204, so that the support frame 201 can be ensured to rotate 360 degrees in the horizontal plane, and the position of the support frame 201 can be fixed after screwing. The support bar 204 is disposed between the support frame 201 and the telescoping bar 206. A support rod damping knob 205 is disposed between the support rod 204 and the telescoping rod 206. It is ensured that the support rod 204 rotates within 270 deg. in the horizontal plane and that the position of the support rod 204 is fixed after screwing. The telescopic rod 206 is disposed between the support rod 204 and the support frame 201. Is a telescopic rod with damping and adjustable length. The telescopic rod damping knob 207 is provided on the fixed base 301, and can ensure that the support rod 204 rotates within 270 ° in a horizontal plane by a screw rod, and can fix the position of the telescopic rod 206 after screwing. The fixed base 301 is disposed at the lower portion of the telescopic link 206. In this way, the regulation control is reliably achieved.
The projection curtain component 4 also comprises a hanging rod 404, an upper fixed triangular hanging ring 405, an upper fixed hanging hook 406, a lower fixed hanging rope 407 and a lower fixed hanging hook 408, wherein when the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device calibrates the tensile sample 8, the curtain body 402 of the projection curtain component 4 is arranged to be capable of aligning with the structure of the projection lamp 1. The projection lamp housing 101 of the projection lamp 1 of the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is arranged on the supporting frame 201, the projection lamp housing 101 is of a hollow structure, the front part of the projection lamp housing 101 is of a hemispherical structure, the rear part of the projection lamp housing 101 is of a cylindrical structure, and the lower surface of the front part of the projection lamp housing 101 is of a porous structure. The curtain housing 401 is hollow, so that the curtain 402 can be stored in the curtain housing 401 when not in use, thereby saving space and protecting the curtain 402. The upper fixed triangle hanging rings 405 are arranged on the curtain housing 401, and the total number is 2. The upper fixed hooks 406 are provided on the wall, 2 in total. The upper fixing triangle hanging ring 405 and the upper fixing hook 406 are used for fixing the curtain housing 401. The curtain body 402 (curtain) is a critical carrier for projection imaging, and therefore, preferably white glass fiber, beads or metal materials with good gain effect, large viewing angle, and good contrast. The drop bar 404 is disposed at the bottom of the curtain 402. The curtain 402 is prevented from being fully rolled into the curtain housing 401 when the curtain body 402 is received. The drop bar 404 is used to secure the curtain 402 when the curtain 402 is deployed. The lower fixing hanging rope 407 is arranged on the hanging rod 404 and connected to two ends of the hanging rod 404. The lower fixed hooks 408 are provided on the wall, 2 in total. Lower fixing hanging rope 407 and lower fixing hook 408 are used for fixing hanging rod 404. The vertical alignment lines 403 are disposed on the curtain 402 as a plurality of straight lines vertically downward. Thus, the curtain body is conveniently and reliably adjusted.
The projection lamp switch 103, the highlight LED lamp beads 105, the LED lamp bead electric leads 110, the projection lamp switch electric leads 112 and the regulation circuit board 111 of the projection lamp 1 of the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device form a closed circuit; the cooling fan 113 of the projection lamp 1 is arranged at the lower end of the front part of the projection lamp housing 101, and the cooling fan 113, the cooling fan electric wires 114 and the regulating circuit board 111 form a closed circuit. The structure realizes the control of the projection lamp and the radiator.
The ellipsoidal condenser 107 and the condensing plate convex lens 108 of the projection lamp 1 are arranged on the transparent condensing plate 106, the ellipsoidal condenser 107 and the condensing plate convex lens 108 are of an integrated structure, the transparent condensing plate 106 is of a circular structure, the transparent condensing plate 106 is preferably of a structure made of transparent polymethyl methacrylate material with high light transmittance and stable chemical properties, the projection lamp 1 is provided with a plurality of ellipsoidal condenser 107 and condensing plate convex lens 108, the ellipsoidal condenser 107 and the condensing plate convex lens 108 are respectively the same as the number of the high-brightness LED lamp beads 105, and the positions of the high-brightness LED lamp beads 105 are in one-to-one correspondence along the light path of the high-brightness LED lamp beads 105.
The ellipsoidal condenser 107 of the projection lamp 1 is a groove on the transparent condenser 106, the inner surface of the ellipsoidal condenser 107 is of a smooth elliptical spherical structure, the luminous center of the highlight LED lamp bead 105 is located at the focus of the elliptical spherical structure, the condenser convex lens 108 is a plano-convex lens, one surface of the highlight LED lamp bead 105 facing the ellipsoidal condenser 107 is a convex surface, when the projection lamp is in operation, light emitted by the highlight LED lamp bead 105 is converged and directionally emitted through the ellipsoidal condenser 107, then the light is emitted into the condenser convex lens 108, the condenser convex lens 108 deflects and converges the incident light to form a focus, the center of the condenser convex lens 104 is located at a focus accessory, and the degree of light convergence is adjusted by rotating the condenser lens 102, so that the size and definition of projection on the curtain 402 are adjusted.
The magnetic force adjusting knob 302 of the base component 3 is arranged on the side surface of the fixed base 301, and the magnetic force adjusting knob 302 is arranged to be capable of adjusting and controlling the magnetic pole direction of the powerful magnet in the fixed base 301 when rotating; when the magnetic force adjusting knob 302 is turned to adjust the magnetic pole direction of the strong magnet toward the lower testing machine beam 7 of the tensile specimen holding member 1 located on the side of the fixed base 301 and parallel to the horizontal plane, the fixed base 301 is set to a structure capable of realizing magnetization, and the fixed base 301 is set to a structure capable of being fixed on the tensile testing machine beam 7 of the tensile specimen holding member 1; when the magnetic force adjusting knob 302 is turned to adjust the magnetic pole direction of the strong magnet vertically downward, the fixed base 301 is provided in a structure capable of canceling magnetization, and the fixed base 301 is provided in a structure capable of being removed from the lower tester cross member 7 of the tensile sample holding member 1.
The invention also relates to a tensile sample clamping vertical calibration method which is simple and convenient to operate, can conveniently and reliably calibrate the tensile sample vertically, ensures that the tensile sample is placed in a vertical state at the beginning of a test, and avoids errors of test results caused by inclined placement of the sample, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results and the convenience of the test process, and the calibration method comprises the following steps:
1) The side surface of the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is tightly attached to the side surface of the lower testing machine beam 7 of the tensile sample clamping component 1, the magnetic force adjusting knob 302 is rotated, the magnetic pole direction of the strong magnet positioned in the fixed base 301 is regulated, the magnetic pole direction of the strong magnet is regulated to face the lower testing machine beam 7, and when the magnetic pole direction of the strong magnet is parallel to the horizontal plane, the fixed base 301 is magnetized, and the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is adsorbed on the lower testing machine beam 7;
2) The projection curtain component 4 is fixed on the wall behind the tensile sample clamping component 1 by using a level gauge through an upper fixed triangular hanging ring 405 and an upper fixed hanging hook 406, the curtain 402 is propped up, and lower fixed hanging ropes 407 arranged at two ends of a hanging rod 404 are hooked on a lower fixed hanging hook 408 fixed on the wall, so that a vertical calibration line 403 on the curtain body 402 is ensured to be vertically downward; one tensile sample is adjusted to be vertical as much as possible and then clamped on the tensile sample clamping member 1.
3) The projection lamp switch 103 on the projection lamp holder 001 is turned on, the length of the support frame 201, the support rod 204 and the telescopic rod 206 on the support part 2 is adjusted, the telescopic rod 206 is stretched, the telescopic rod damping knob 207, the support frame damping knob 202, the support rod damping knob 205 and the horizontal rotation knob 203 are screwed, the support part 2 is fixed, and the projection lamp 1 is arranged to be fixed with the curtain body 402.
4) Rotating the condenser lens 102 adjusts the position of the condenser convex lens 104, adjusts the convergence degree of the light rays emitted from the projection lamp 1, and ensures that the tensile sample 8 obtains a projection with proper size and definition on the curtain body 402.
5) According to the projection of the side edge of the tensile sample 8 on the parallel part of the curtain body 402 and the parallel state of the vertical calibration line 403, the clamping state of the tensile sample 8 is adjusted until the two are parallel to each other, the vertical calibration of the clamping of the tensile sample is completed, and the tensile test is performed.
The vertical calibration device for clamping the tensile sample performs vertical calibration when the tensile sample is clamped. When the tensile sample is vertically calibrated, the side surface of the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is tightly attached to the side surface of the lower testing machine beam of the tensile sample clamping component, the magnetic force adjusting knob is rotated, the magnetic pole direction of the strong magnet positioned in the fixed base is regulated and controlled, and when the magnetic pole direction of the strong magnet faces the lower testing machine beam and is parallel to the horizontal plane, the fixed base is magnetized, and the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is adsorbed on the lower testing machine beam; the projection curtain component is fixed on the wall behind the tensile sample clamping component by using the level gauge and using the upper fixed triangular hanging ring and the upper fixed hanging hook to prop open the curtain, and the lower fixed hanging ropes arranged at the two ends of the hanging rod are hooked on the lower fixed hanging hook fixed on the wall, so that the vertical alignment line on the curtain body is ensured to be vertically downward; one tensile sample is adjusted to be vertical as much as possible and then clamped on the tensile sample clamping component. The projection lamp switch on the projection lamp head is turned on, the length of the support frame, the support rod and the telescopic rod on the support part is adjusted, the telescopic rod is stretched, the telescopic rod damping knob, the support frame damping knob, the support rod damping knob and the horizontal rotation knob are screwed, the support part is fixed, and the projection lamp is arranged to be fixed with the position of the curtain body. The position of the condensing convex lens is adjusted by rotating the condensing lens, the convergence degree of light rays emitted from the projection lamp is adjusted, and the projection of the tensile sample with proper size and definition on the curtain body is ensured. And adjusting the clamping state of the tensile sample according to the projection of the parallel part of the side edge of the tensile sample on the curtain body and the parallel state of the vertical calibration line until the projection and the parallel state are parallel to each other, so as to finish the vertical calibration of the clamping of the tensile sample, and carrying out a tensile test. The vertical calibration device for clamping the tensile sample has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, simple and convenient operation and convenient maintenance, can conveniently and reliably perform vertical calibration on the tensile sample, ensures that the tensile sample is placed in a vertical state at the initial stage of the test, avoids error of the test result caused by inclined placement of the sample, and improves the accuracy of the tensile test result and the convenience of the test process.
While the invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent that the specific implementation of the invention is not limited by the foregoing, but rather is within the scope of the invention as long as various modifications are made by the method concept and technical scheme of the invention, or the concept and technical scheme of the invention are directly applied to other occasions without modification.
Claims (6)
1. A vertical calibration method for clamping a tensile sample is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device used by the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration method comprises a tensile sample clamping component (5), a projection lamp (1), a supporting component (2), a base component (3) and a projection curtain component (4), wherein the upper end of the supporting component (2) is movably connected with the projection lamp (1), the lower end of the supporting component (2) is connected with the base component (3), a magnetic force adjusting knob (302) is arranged on the base component (3), the projection curtain component (4) comprises a curtain shell (401), a curtain body (402) is arranged on the curtain shell (401), a vertical calibration line (403) is arranged on the curtain body (402), when the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device calibrates a tensile sample (8), the tensile sample clamping component (5) is arranged to be in a structure capable of being positioned between the projection lamp (1) and the projection curtain component (4), and the tensile sample (8) is calibrated to be in a structure capable of being clamped on the tensile sample clamping component (5);
the ellipsoidal condenser (107) of the projection lamp (1) is a groove on the transparent condenser plate (106), the inner surface of the ellipsoidal condenser (107) is of a smooth elliptical spherical structure, the luminous center of the highlight LED lamp beads (105) is positioned at the focus of the elliptical spherical structure, the condenser convex lens (108) is a plane convex lens, one surface of the highlight LED lamp beads (105) facing the ellipsoidal condenser (107) is a convex surface, when the projection lamp works, light emitted by the highlight LED lamp beads (105) is converged and directionally emitted through the ellipsoidal condenser (107), then the light is incident into the condenser convex lens (108), the condenser convex lens (108) deflects and converges the incident light to form a focus, the center of the condenser convex lens (104) is positioned near the focus, and the degree of convergence of the light is adjusted by rotating the condenser lens (102), so that the size and the definition of projection on the curtain body (402) are adjusted; the condensing lens (102) is arranged on the projection lamp shell (101), and the condensing convex lens (104) is arranged in the condensing lens (102);
the lower testing machine cross beam (7) is arranged on the tensile testing machine (6);
the projection curtain component (4) further comprises a hanging rod (404), an upper fixed triangular hanging ring (405), an upper fixed hook (406), a lower fixed hanging rope (407) and a lower fixed hook (408), wherein when the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device calibrates the tensile sample (8), the curtain body (402) of the projection curtain component (4) is arranged to be capable of aligning with the projection lamp (1);
the drop rod (404) is arranged at the bottom of the curtain body (402);
the fixed base (301) is arranged at the lower part of the telescopic rod (206);
the telescopic rod (206) is arranged between the supporting rod (204) and the supporting frame (201), and the telescopic rod damping knob (207) is arranged on the fixed base (301);
the projection lamp shell (101) is arranged on the supporting frame (201);
the supporting part (2) comprises a supporting frame (201), a supporting frame damping knob (202), a horizontal rotation knob (203), a supporting rod (204), a supporting rod damping knob (205), a telescopic rod (206) and a telescopic rod damping knob (207); the supporting frame (201) is arranged between the supporting rod (204) and the projection lamp shell (101); the support frame damping knob (202) is arranged on the projection lamp shell (101) and the support frame (201); the horizontal rotating knob (203) is arranged at the joint of the supporting frame (201) and the supporting rod (204); the supporting rod (204) is arranged between the supporting frame (201) and the telescopic rod (206); the support rod damping knob (205) is arranged between the support rod (204) and the telescopic rod (206);
the calibration method comprises the following steps:
1) The side surface of the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is tightly attached to the side surface of a lower testing machine beam (7) of the tensile sample clamping component (5), a magnetic force adjusting knob (302) is rotated, the magnetic pole direction of a powerful magnet positioned in a fixed base (301) is adjusted, the magnetic pole direction of the powerful magnet faces the lower testing machine beam (7), and when the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is parallel to a horizontal plane, the fixed base (301) is magnetized, and the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is adsorbed on the lower testing machine beam (7);
2) The projection curtain component (4) is fixed on the wall behind the tensile sample clamping component (5) by using the level gauge through the upper fixed triangular hanging ring (405) and the upper fixed hanging hook (406), the curtain body (402) is propped up, and the lower fixed hanging ropes (407) arranged at the two ends of the hanging rod (404) are hooked on the lower fixed hanging hook (408) fixed on the wall, so that the vertical alignment line (403) on the curtain body (402) is ensured to be vertically downward; a tensile sample is clamped on the tensile sample clamping component (5) after being adjusted to the vertical state as much as possible;
3) The projection lamp comprises a projection lamp switch (103) positioned on a projection lamp holder (001), a support frame (201), a support rod (204) and a telescopic rod (206) on a support part (2) are adjusted, the length of the telescopic rod (206) is stretched, a telescopic rod damping knob (207), a support frame damping knob (202), a support rod damping knob (205) and a horizontal rotation knob (203) are screwed, the support part (2) is fixed, and the projection lamp (1) is arranged to be in a structure fixed with a curtain body (402);
4) The position of the condensing convex lens (104) is adjusted by rotating the condensing lens (102), the convergence degree of light rays emitted from the projection lamp (1) is adjusted, and the projection of the tensile sample (8) with proper size and definition on the curtain body (402) is ensured;
5) According to the projection of the side edge of the tensile sample (8) on the parallel part of the curtain body (402) and the parallel state of the vertical calibration line (403), the clamping state of the tensile sample (8) is adjusted until the two are parallel to each other, the vertical calibration of the clamping of the tensile sample is completed, and the tensile test is performed.
2. The tensile specimen gripping vertical alignment method according to claim 1, wherein: the projection lamp (1) of the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device comprises a lamp radiator (109), a high-brightness LED lamp bead electric lead (110), a regulating circuit board (111), a projection lamp switch electric lead (112), a lamp cooling fan (113), a lamp cooling fan electric lead (114), a power line (115) and a lamp power supply (116); the condensing plate convex lens (108) is arranged on the transparent condensing plate (106); the lamp cooling fan (113) of the projection lamp (1) is arranged at the lower end position of the front part of the projection lamp shell (101); the high-brightness LED lamp beads (105) are arranged on the lamp radiator (109); the lamp cooling fan (113), the lamp cooling fan electric lead (114) and the regulating circuit board (111) form a closed circuit; the projection lamp switch (103), the high-brightness LED lamp beads (105), the high-brightness LED lamp bead electric lead (110), the projection lamp switch electric lead (112) and the regulation circuit board (111) form a closed circuit.
3. The tensile specimen grip vertical alignment method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the number of the lower fixed hooks (408) is 2; the vertical calibration line (403) is a plurality of straight lines vertically downward.
4. The tensile specimen grip vertical alignment method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the projection lamp housing (101) of the projection lamp (1) of the tensile sample clamping vertical calibration device is of a hollow structure, the front part of the projection lamp housing (101) is of a hemispherical structure, the rear part of the projection lamp housing (101) is of a cylindrical structure, and the lower surface of the front part of the projection lamp housing (101) is of a porous structure.
5. The tensile specimen gripping vertical alignment method according to claim 2, wherein: the transparent condensing plate (106), the ellipsoidal condensing lens (107) and the condensing plate convex lens (108) of the projection lamp (1) are of an integrated structure, the transparent condensing plate (106) is of a round structure, the transparent condensing plate (106) is of a structure made of transparent polymethyl methacrylate materials with high light transmittance and stable chemical properties, the ellipsoidal condensing lens (107) and the condensing plate convex lens (108) are arranged on the projection lamp (1), the ellipsoidal condensing lens (107) and the condensing plate convex lens (108) are the same as the high-brightness LED lamp beads (105) in number, and the transparent condensing plate (106) and the high-brightness LED lamp beads (105) are in one-to-one correspondence along the light paths of the high-brightness LED lamp beads (105).
6. The tensile specimen grip vertical alignment method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the magnetic force adjusting knob (302) of the base component (3) is arranged on the side surface of the fixed base (301), and the magnetic force adjusting knob (302) is arranged to be capable of adjusting and controlling the magnetic pole direction of the powerful magnet in the fixed base (301) when rotating; when the magnetic force adjusting knob 302) is turned to adjust the magnetic pole direction of the strong magnet vertically downward, the fixed base (301) is provided in a structure capable of canceling magnetization, and the fixed base (301) is provided in a structure capable of being removed from the lower tester cross beam (7) of the tensile specimen holding member (5).
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