CN111930152A - Intelligent tracking system and tracking method of photovoltaic support - Google Patents
Intelligent tracking system and tracking method of photovoltaic support Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent tracking system of a photovoltaic bracket, which comprises a plurality of photovoltaic arrays consisting of a tracking bracket and a photovoltaic module arranged on the tracking bracket, and is characterized in that: the system also comprises a communication master control NCU, an execution controller TCU, a photovoltaic module data monitoring and analyzing module and the like. The invention also discloses an intelligent tracking method of the photovoltaic bracket. The invention can optimize the tracking strategy of the existing photovoltaic support, so that the tracking angle of the support is optimal, the system power generation capacity of the photovoltaic tracking system is finally improved, and the system benefit is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an intelligent tracking system of a solar cell mounting bracket, in particular to an intelligent tracking system of a photovoltaic bracket and a tracking method thereof, belonging to the technical field of solar cell mounting.
Background
Solar energy is a low-carbon renewable energy source, is vigorously developed worldwide, and the installation amount of the solar energy is increased year by year in various countries. In the photovoltaic power station, the installation form of the photovoltaic module comprises a fixed installation form and a tracking installation form, wherein the single-shaft tracking system has higher investment value after comprehensive economic analysis due to high power generation amount and relatively low cost. Meanwhile, due to the large application of double-sided photovoltaic module products and the gradually expanding market, the double-sided module and the single-axis tracking system are combined and applied to form a better superposition effect, and the market rapidly grows. Overall, the machine loading of photovoltaic single-axis tracking systems is rapidly increasing at a rate of 20% per year and shows a trend of increasing year by year. Therefore, the product development and optimization of the single-axis tracking system have practical research significance and wide application prospect.
At present, the main tracking algorithm of the photovoltaic tracking system still performs the sun-of-sight tracking at the angle calculated by the traditional astronomical algorithm. And the view sun tracking is to calculate the solar altitude and the solar azimuth according to the geographic information and time so as to obtain the projection of the solar ray on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction, thereby obtaining the tracking angle. Experiments and researches find that different weather conditions such as cloudy, cloudy and clear direct light, heat radiation light and earth surface reflectivity have great difference influence on the generating capacity of the photovoltaic tracking system. Especially, the influence on double-sided components with the back capable of generating power is larger, in practical application, due to the fact that weather in different regions is different remarkably, the application requirements cannot be well met by a traditional single astronomical algorithm, and the generated energy of the photovoltaic tracking system under the complex weather condition is also large in optimization and promotion space.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides an intelligent tracking system and a tracking method of a photovoltaic support, which optimize the tracking strategy of the existing photovoltaic support, optimize the tracking angle of the support, finally improve the system power generation capacity of the photovoltaic tracking system and increase the system benefit.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an intelligent tracking system of photovoltaic support, includes that a plurality of is by tracking the support and installing the photovoltaic array that the photovoltaic module on tracking the support constitutes, its characterized in that: the system comprises a communication main control NCU, an execution controller TCU and a photovoltaic module data monitoring and analyzing module, wherein the communication main control NCU comprises a trainer machine and a slave machine, and the execution controller TCU comprises a first execution controller and a second execution controller; the photovoltaic array is divided into a coach array and a taught following array, the photovoltaic subarrays in the coach array are tracked according to different tracking angles set by a coach machine, a photovoltaic module data monitoring and analyzing module monitors the electrical output performance of the photovoltaic module at each tracking angle in real time, and the optimal tracking angle is found and sent to the coach machine; and the trainer machine determines the tracking angle at the next moment through analysis and operation and sends the tracking angle to the slave machine, and the slave machine instructs the second execution controller to act so that the tracking support in the taught following array tracks according to the determined tracking angle.
Further, the trainer machine can be in communication connection with a plurality of slave machines.
Further, the trainer machine corresponds to a plurality of first execution controllers, and the first execution controllers correspond to one or more photovoltaic sub-arrays in the trainer array.
Further, the slaves correspond to a plurality of second execution controllers corresponding to one or more photovoltaic sub-arrays in the taught follower array.
Further, the photovoltaic module data monitoring and analyzing module comprises a data monitoring module and an analyzing module, wherein the data monitoring module is a photovoltaic module data acquisition analyzer, an inverter output monitor or a module/group current monitor; the data analysis module can be integrated in the trainer or separately provided.
Furthermore, one of the photovoltaic sub-arrays in the training array is tracked according to a tracking angle theta obtained by an astronomical algorithm, and the other sub-arrays in the columns are tracked according to angles theta +/-n delta, wherein n is a positive integer and delta is a positive number.
In another aspect of the present invention, an intelligent tracking method for a photovoltaic support is provided, which includes the following steps:
s1, the trainer sends a plurality of first execution controllers corresponding to the trainer to execute the tracking angle at the moment respectively, wherein: execution controller TCUAstronomicalTracking according to an astronomical algorithm angle theta all the time; the rest first execution controllers follow the tracking angles in sequenceTheta plus or minus n delta tracking, wherein n is a positive integer and delta is a positive number;
s2, each first execution controller tracks and reaches a corresponding tracking angle;
s3, the photovoltaic module data monitoring and analyzing module collects and analyzes the electrical output performance of the photovoltaic subarrays with different tracking angles in the coach array, and finds out the tracking angle value theta of the photovoltaic subarray with the best electrical output performance at the momentSuperior food；
S4, setting a reference value X, and comparing the astronomical algorithm angle theta and the angle theta by the trainerSuperior foodObtaining a tracking angle theta 1' at the next moment;
s5, the trainer sends the tracking angle theta 1' of the next moment to the first execution controller of the trainer array and the slave computer of the taught follower array respectively;
and S6, repeating the steps S2-S5, and circularly optimizing the tracking angle and executing the tracking action at the next moment.
Further, in step S4, the tracking angle θ 1' at the next time is obtained by the following method:
if thetaSuperior foodThe next tracking angle theta 1' is the astronomical algorithm angle calculated at the next moment;
otherwise, the next step tracks the angle to thetaSuperior foodAdjusting the angle direction, and if the motion angle is less than 5 degrees, tracking the target angle thetaSuperior foodIf the motion angle is more than 5 degrees, the next tracking angle theta 1' is the angle theta towards the targetSuperior foodThe direction is adjusted by 5 degrees;
further, in step S5:
execution controller TCU in coach arrayAstronomicalThe corresponding photovoltaic sub-array continues to track and operate according to the angle theta 1 of the real-time astronomical algorithm;
photovoltaic subarrays corresponding to the other first execution controllers in the coach array are tracked sequentially according to a tracking angle theta 1' +/-n delta, wherein n is a positive integer, and delta is a positive number;
and the slave machines in the taught following array send the received tracking angle theta 1' of the next moment of the tracking in-place angle sent by the corresponding trainer NCU0 to the corresponding second execution controller, and the angle tracking of the corresponding photovoltaic sub-array is completed.
Further, the trainer machine can be in communication connection with a plurality of slave machines; the training machine also corresponds to a plurality of first execution controllers, and the first execution controllers correspond to one or more photovoltaic sub-arrays in the training array; the slaves correspond to a plurality of second execution controllers corresponding to one or more photovoltaic sub-arrays in the taught follower array.
The invention divides a flat single-axis tracking system into a coach array with autonomous monitoring, analyzing and learning functions and a taught following array which receives instructions of the coach array and rotates along with the coach array, wherein a tracking bracket component array in the coach array runs angle tracking under an astronomical algorithm angle and different tracking angles designed by the invention, and obtains the current optimal angle of performance by acquiring and analyzing the photovoltaic output performance of photovoltaic arrays with different tracking angles in real time, analyzing and comparing to determine the tracking angle of each array in the next step and respectively execute tracking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a novel, simple and convenient method for tracking the optimal power generation angle by a single shaft, wherein the tracked optimal angle can confirm the angle of an astronomical algorithm at the same time so as to continuously adopt the angle of the astronomical algorithm or adopt a more optimal angle different from the angle of the astronomical algorithm for control tracking.
2. Compared with the traditional astronomical algorithm tracking angle, the method can improve the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic system, and especially improve the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic system in areas with complex meteorological conditions or in high-scattering meteorological conditions such as cloudy days and cloudy days.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the communication interaction between a trainer and a slave according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of an trainer machine and its corresponding first performance controller and carriage assembly array in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between a slave and a corresponding second controller and rack assembly array according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the intelligent tracking system for photovoltaic supports of the present invention includes a plurality of photovoltaic arrays composed of tracking supports and photovoltaic modules mounted on the tracking supports, and further includes a communication main control NCU, an execution controller TCU, and a photovoltaic module data monitoring and analyzing module. The communication main control NCU comprises a trainer and a plurality of slaves, and the execution controller TCU comprises a first execution controller and a second execution controller.
The photovoltaic array is divided into a coach array and a taught following array, correspondingly, a communication master control NCU in the coach array is a coach machine, the coach machine can communicate with the slave machine on one hand and is connected with the first execution controller on the other hand, and therefore instructions are sent to the slave machine and the first execution controller. And when the first execution controller acts, the tracking support of the corresponding photovoltaic sub-array in the coach array rotates by a corresponding angle to complete the tracking action.
Tracking photovoltaic sub-arrays in a training array according to different tracking angles set by a training machine, specifically, tracking one sub-array according to a tracking angle theta obtained by an astronomical algorithm all the time, and tracking the other sub-arrays according to angles of theta +/-n delta, wherein n is a positive integer and delta is a positive number; the value of Δ can be set flexibly, for example, 2-7 °, and in the present embodiment, Δ is set to 5 °.
After each photovoltaic subarray in the coach array is tracked in place according to different angles, monitoring the electrical output performance of the photovoltaic module at each tracking angle in real time through a photovoltaic module data monitoring and analyzing module, finding out the optimal tracking angle and sending the optimal tracking angle to a coach machine; and the trainer machine determines the tracking angle at the next moment through analysis and operation and sends the tracking angle to the slave machine, and the slave machine instructs the second execution controller to act so that the tracking support in the taught following array tracks according to the determined tracking angle.
As shown in FIG. 1, a trainer may be communicatively coupled to a plurality of slaves. The communication between the trainer and the slave machines can adopt a network ring network in a photovoltaic system power station for interactive communication, can also adopt a Lora or Zigbee communication module carried by a communication master control NCU for interactive communication, and can be selected for use according to actual project conditions.
As shown in fig. 2, a trainer may correspond to a plurality of first execution controllers corresponding to one or more photovoltaic sub-arrays in a trainer array.
As shown in fig. 3, the slaves correspond to a plurality of second execution controllers corresponding to one or more photovoltaic sub-arrays in the taught follower array.
Fig. 2 shows the connection relationship between the trainer and the corresponding first execution controller and the photovoltaic bracket component array. The trainer machines in the trainer array can be responsible for a corresponding number of first execution controllers TCUx (respectively labeled: TCU)0，TCU1，TCU-1，TCU2，TCU-2，......TCUn，TCU-n) Communication and command issuing. The trainer array has the function of controlling the managed first execution controller TCUx to work at different angles in addition to the function of the traditional communication master control, as shown in figure 2, and the TCUAstronomicalTracking according to the astronomical algorithm angle theta, TCU0Tracking according to the current angle theta' (the astronomical algorithm angle theta when the controller runs for the first time), and controlling the TCU-1，TCU-2,.. respectively subtracting a certain angle deviation value from the current tracking angle (the angle theta of the astronomical algorithm for the first time) to perform tracking action, namely theta' -n delta, and controlling the TCU+1,TUC+2… …, the tracking operation is performed by adding an angle offset value to each of the astronomical angle (first astronomical angle θ), i.e., θ' + n Δ. Specific delta values can be set to 3 degrees, 5 degrees, 8 degrees … … degrees and the like according to actual system power stations. TCUx in the array respectively controls corresponding tracking support array components to carry outAnd tracking operation according to the angle. And monitoring the output of the components on the tracking support array or the output performance parameters of the corresponding inverter which operate at different angles. The collection of the output performance of the assembly can be realized by adopting various methods, for example, the connection collection can be carried out through a data monitoring collection junction box for a current detection device or the assembly, the data collection detection can also be carried out on the assembly string, and the IV curve scanning can also be carried out on the assembly or the assembly string by adopting an electronic load. If the field conditions allow, the corresponding inverters can also carry out component power generation output performance monitoring under different angles by detecting the voltage and the current of the direct current input side of the inverter or the voltage and the current of the alternating current output side of the inverter. The data acquisition and analysis module can be designed as an independent device and can also be integrated in a trainer, the data acquisition and analysis unit acquires and contrasts and analyzes data of component output or inverter output performance at different angles to determine the angle value theta with the best generated energy of the current componentSuperior food. And the trainer machine determines the tracking angle at the next moment through analysis and operation and sends the tracking angle to the slave machine as the tracking angle at the next moment of the photovoltaic tracking support array in the jurisdiction area of the slave machine.
In practical project application, the number of NCUs 0 (trainers) and the management area can be defined according to the design of project capacity, area, array distribution, etc.
Example 2:
the invention discloses an intelligent tracking method of a photovoltaic bracket, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the trainer sends a plurality of first execution controllers corresponding to the trainer to execute the tracking angle at the moment respectively, wherein: execution controller TCUAstronomicalTracking according to an astronomical algorithm angle theta all the time; the other first execution controllers track according to the tracking angles theta +/-n delta in sequence, n is a positive integer, and delta is a positive number; the value of Δ can be set flexibly, e.g. 2-7 °, in this embodiment Δ is set to 3 °;
s2, each first execution controller tracks and reaches a corresponding tracking angle;
s3 photovoltaic module data monitoring and analyzing module collects and analyzes different tracking angles in coach arrayFinding out the tracking angle value theta of the photovoltaic subarray with the best electrical output performance at the momentSuperior food(ii) a The collected data can be monitored by the output of the component (string) or the input and output of the inverter;
s4, setting a reference value X, and comparing the astronomical algorithm angle theta and the angle theta by the trainerSuperior foodObtaining a tracking angle θ 1' at the next moment, specifically:
if the reference value X is set to 5, then:
if thetaSuperior foodThe next tracking angle theta 1' is the astronomical algorithm angle calculated at the next moment;
otherwise, the next step tracks the angle to thetaSuperior foodAdjusting the angle direction, and if the motion angle is less than 5 degrees, tracking the target angle thetaSuperior foodIf the motion angle is more than 5 degrees, the next tracking angle theta 1' is the angle theta towards the targetSuperior foodThe direction is adjusted by 5 degrees.
S5, the trainer sends the tracking angle theta 1' of the next moment to the first execution controller of the trainer array and the slave computer of the taught follower array respectively, wherein:
execution controller TCU in coach arrayAstronomicalThe corresponding photovoltaic sub-array continues to track and operate according to the angle theta 1 of the real-time astronomical algorithm;
photovoltaic subarrays corresponding to the other first execution controllers in the coach array are tracked sequentially according to a tracking angle theta 1' +/-n delta, wherein n is a positive integer, and delta is a positive number;
and the slave machines in the taught following array send the received tracking angle theta 1' of the next moment of the tracking in-place angle sent by the corresponding trainer NCU0 to the corresponding second execution controller, and the angle tracking of the corresponding photovoltaic sub-array is completed.
And S6, repeating the steps S2-S5, and circularly optimizing the tracking angle and executing the tracking action at the next moment.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the trainer can be in communication connection with a plurality of slaves; the training machine also corresponds to a plurality of first execution controllers, and the first execution controllers correspond to one or more photovoltaic sub-arrays in the training array; the slaves correspond to a plurality of second execution controllers corresponding to one or more photovoltaic sub-arrays in the taught follower array.
According to the photovoltaic sub-array tracking method, the coach array and the taught following array are set, the coach array obtains the tracking angle of the photovoltaic sub-array with the best electrical output performance by setting the sub-arrays with different tracking angles, and on the basis, the tracking angle at the next moment is obtained through the optimizing strategy, on one hand, the tracking angle instruction at the next moment is sent to the taught following array to perform tracking, and on the other hand, on the basis, the coach array continuously searches for the optimal tracking angle at the next moment. The purpose of optimizing the tracking angle of the photovoltaic array is achieved through the circulation, the system power generation amount of the photovoltaic tracking system is finally improved, and the system income is increased.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an intelligent tracking system of photovoltaic support, includes that a plurality of is by tracking the support and installing the photovoltaic array that the photovoltaic module on tracking the support constitutes, its characterized in that: the system comprises a communication main control NCU, an execution controller TCU and a photovoltaic module data monitoring and analyzing module, wherein the communication main control NCU comprises a trainer machine and a slave machine, and the execution controller TCU comprises a first execution controller and a second execution controller; the photovoltaic array is divided into a coach array and a taught following array, the photovoltaic subarrays in the coach array are tracked according to different tracking angles set by a coach machine, a photovoltaic module data monitoring and analyzing module monitors the electrical output performance of the photovoltaic module at each tracking angle in real time, and the optimal tracking angle is found and sent to the coach machine; and the trainer machine determines the tracking angle at the next moment through analysis and operation and sends the tracking angle to the slave machine, and the slave machine instructs the second execution controller to act so that the tracking support in the taught following array tracks according to the determined tracking angle.
2. The intelligent tracking system of photovoltaic racks of claim 1, characterized in that: the trainer machine can be in communication connection with a plurality of slave machines.
3. The intelligent tracking system of photovoltaic racks of claim 1, characterized in that: the training machine corresponds to a plurality of first execution controllers, and the first execution controllers correspond to one or more photovoltaic sub-arrays in the training array.
4. The intelligent tracking system of photovoltaic racks of claim 1, characterized in that: the slaves correspond to a plurality of second execution controllers corresponding to one or more photovoltaic sub-arrays in the taught follower array.
5. The intelligent tracking system of photovoltaic racks of claim 1, characterized in that: the photovoltaic module data monitoring and analyzing module comprises a data monitoring module and an analyzing module, wherein the data monitoring module is a photovoltaic module data acquisition analyzer, an inverter output monitor or a module/group string current monitor; the data analysis module can be integrated in the trainer or separately provided.
6. The intelligent tracking system of photovoltaic racks of claim 1, characterized in that: and one of the photovoltaic sub-arrays in the coach array is tracked according to a tracking angle theta obtained by an astronomical algorithm, and the other sub-arrays in the columns are tracked according to angles theta +/-n delta, wherein n is a positive integer and delta is a positive number.
7. A method for intelligent tracking of a photovoltaic rack using the intelligent tracking system of a photovoltaic rack of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, the trainer sends a plurality of first execution controllers corresponding to the trainer to execute the tracking angle at the moment respectively, wherein: execution controller TCUAstronomicalTracking according to an astronomical algorithm angle theta all the time; the other first execution controllers track according to the tracking angles theta +/-n delta in sequence, n is a positive integer, and delta is a positive number;
s2, each first execution controller tracks and reaches a corresponding tracking angle;
s3, the photovoltaic module data monitoring and analyzing module collects and analyzes the electrical output performance of the photovoltaic subarrays with different tracking angles in the coach array, and finds out the tracking angle value theta of the photovoltaic subarray with the best electrical output performance at the momentSuperior food；
S4, setting a reference value X, and comparing the astronomical algorithm angle theta and the angle theta by the trainerSuperior foodObtaining a tracking angle theta 1' at the next moment;
s5, the trainer sends the tracking angle theta 1' of the next moment to the first execution controller of the trainer array and the slave computer of the taught follower array respectively;
and S6, repeating the steps S2-S5, and circularly optimizing the tracking angle and executing the tracking action at the next moment.
8. The intelligent tracking method of a photovoltaic support according to claim 7, characterized in that: in step S4, the tracking angle θ 1' at the next time is obtained by:
if thetaSuperior foodThe next tracking angle theta 1' is the astronomical algorithm angle calculated at the next moment;
otherwise, the next step tracks the angle to thetaSuperior foodAdjusting the angle direction, and if the motion angle is less than 5 degrees, tracking the target angle thetaSuperior foodIf the motion angle is more than 5 degrees, the next tracking angle theta 1' is the angle theta towards the targetSuperior foodThe direction is adjusted by 5 degrees.
9. The intelligent tracking method of a photovoltaic support according to claim 7, characterized in that: in step S5:
execution controller TCU in coach arrayAstronomicalThe corresponding photovoltaic sub-array continues to track and operate according to the angle theta 1 of the real-time astronomical algorithm;
photovoltaic subarrays corresponding to the other first execution controllers in the coach array are tracked sequentially according to a tracking angle theta 1' +/-n delta, wherein n is a positive integer, and delta is a positive number;
and the slave machines in the taught following array send the received tracking angle theta 1' of the next moment of the tracking in-place angle sent by the corresponding trainer NCU0 to the corresponding second execution controller, and the angle tracking of the corresponding photovoltaic sub-array is completed.
10. The intelligent tracking method of a photovoltaic rack according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that: the trainer machine can be in communication connection with a plurality of slave machines; the training machine also corresponds to a plurality of first execution controllers, and the first execution controllers correspond to one or more photovoltaic sub-arrays in the training array; the slaves correspond to a plurality of second execution controllers corresponding to one or more photovoltaic sub-arrays in the taught follower array.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113126660A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-16 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic module tracking control method and related device |
| CN113268090A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-17 | 江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司 | Tracking control method and system for distributed photovoltaic tracking support |
| CN113359869A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-07 | 江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic support angle control and feedback method and system |
| CN113867421A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2021-12-31 | 晟维新能源科技发展(天津)有限公司 | Intelligent tracking control system applied to photovoltaic tracking support |
| CN114003064A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-02-01 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Tracking method and device of tracking support and photovoltaic system |
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2020
- 2020-08-21 CN CN202010851864.XA patent/CN111930152A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113126660A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-16 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic module tracking control method and related device |
| CN113126660B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2023-09-29 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic module tracking control method and related device |
| CN113268090A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-17 | 江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司 | Tracking control method and system for distributed photovoltaic tracking support |
| CN113359869A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-07 | 江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic support angle control and feedback method and system |
| CN114003064A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-02-01 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Tracking method and device of tracking support and photovoltaic system |
| CN113867421A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2021-12-31 | 晟维新能源科技发展(天津)有限公司 | Intelligent tracking control system applied to photovoltaic tracking support |
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