CN205844913U - A kind of sun tracker control system based on inverter output power - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of sun tracker control system based on inverter output power, this system includes photovoltaic battery matrix, photovoltaic electric power output unit, controls the driving source that photovoltaic battery matrix rotates, electric machine controller；It is additionally provided with inverter and extremum search device, described inverter gathers the electric power signal of photovoltaic electric power output unit, and the electric power signal collected is flowed to extremum search device, extremum search device calculates the preferable angles of photovoltaic battery matrix according to the electric power signal received, and this angle value is fed back to electric machine controller；Electric machine controller compares the angle of the photovoltaic battery matrix received and preferable angles, then controls driving source and drive photovoltaic battery matrix to turn to preferable angles position.Sun tracker control system described in the utility model, by the peak power output of photovoltaic battery matrix under the conditions of extremum search device acquisition different weather, thus improves the generated energy of photovoltaic battery matrix.Can be widely applied to solar tracking field.

Description

A kind of sun tracker control system based on inverter output power

Technical field

This utility model relates to solar energy tracking field, relates to a kind of sun tracker control based on inverter output power System processed.

Background technology

During earth rotation, the solar photovoltaic generation system of fixed location, earth's surface is relative around the earth by the sun Move and produce the shadow of lighting angle change.

Conventional sun tracker can ensure that the solar panel moment is just to the sun effectively so that generating efficiency reaches To optimum state.At present, the operation principle of the most general solar tracking device needs the letters such as the longitude and latitude according to nest point Breath calculates the angle at the place of the sun the most in the same time of the every day in 1 year, is stored by the position of sun in moment each in 1 year In PLC, single-chip microcomputer or computer software, by calculating the position of sun in this fixed location each moment to realize following the tracks of.It is a class The solar tracking control method of sunlight angle is calculated based on ephemeris information.But, under the weather condition of cloudy, cloudy, haze, Direct sunlight no longer has superiority, and usually occurs that non-solar direct light creates higher irradiance.In the case of these weather, The solar power station of same power, it may appear that the generating of stationary power generation comparison-tracking sun formula is equally matched.Even, fixed product Raw bigger generated energy.The sun tracker calculating sunlight angle based on ephemeris information is produced and queries by people.This type of control is former Manage inapplicable all regions or weather.

Similarly, use the reaction type tracking mode of sunlight quadrant sensor, also have obvious weakness.Such as: black clouds blocks The sun so that the intensity of reflected light of other black clouds is more than sunlight.So, the reaction type track side of sunlight quadrant sensor is used Formula will follow the tracks of black clouds reflection light.And this phenomenon will not be lasting, cause overall generated energy level the most up, tracker on the contrary Power consumption quantitative change is big.Similarly, the inapplicable all regions of this type of control principle or weather.

People thirst for utility model and go out more intelligent sun tracker, and its control target is to realize solar electrical energy generation amount Bigization, and not only follow the tracks of the sun or certain Shu Yangguang, thus adapt to various weather condition, such as: fine day, cloudy day, haze sky etc..

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is the deficiency for existing sun tracker, it is provided that a kind of based on inverter output work The sun tracker control system of rate；The control mesh that this system is tracker angular adjustment with inverter end maximum power output Mark, it is achieved that the automatization under different weather situation, intellectuality, optimization, situation about especially seriously diffusing in existence Under, farthest play the work efficiency of sun tracker.

This utility model solve its technical problem be the technical scheme is that a kind of based on inverter output power too Sun tracker control system, including photovoltaic battery matrix, the photovoltaic electric power output unit being connected with photovoltaic battery matrix circuit, control The driving source that photovoltaic battery matrix processed rotates, electric machine controller；Described electric machine controller receives the angle letter of photovoltaic battery matrix Number, control driving source simultaneously and drive photovoltaic battery matrix to rotate；Being additionally provided with inverter and extremum search device, described inverter is adopted The electric power signal of collection photovoltaic electric power output unit, and the electric power signal collected is flowed to extremum search device, extremum search device Calculate the preferable angles of photovoltaic battery matrix according to the electric power signal received, and this angle value is fed back to motor control Device processed；Electric machine controller compares the angle of the photovoltaic battery matrix received and preferable angles, then controls the drive of driving source Photovoltaic battery matrix turns to preferable angles position.

Rotating for convenience of controlling photovoltaic battery matrix, described driving source includes controlling the rotation of photovoltaic battery matrix elevation angle direction The first motor driven systems turned and the second motor driven systems controlling the rotation of photovoltaic battery matrix azimuth direction；Described pole Value searcher calculates ideal height angle and the azimuth of photovoltaic battery matrix according to the electric power signal received.

The computing formula of described extremum search device is as follows:

P^*(t)=max_θ(t),φ(t){P(θ(t),φ(t),t)}

In formula, P^*T () is maximum feedback power,

θ (t) is the photovoltaic battery matrix azimuth in the t period；

φ (t) is the photovoltaic battery matrix elevation angle in the t period；

T represents time point；

Feedback power is the multiplication function of orientation angles and elevation angle, and this multiplication function is by constantly adjusting θ (t) and φ T the value of (), obtains a feedback power extreme value；Judge to adjust orientation angles and elevation angle how by feedback power Approach best angle step by step, find maximum power point (mpp), complete once the Self Adaptive Control of unknown multiplication function search extreme value Process.

Using line search alternative manner to realize extremum search control, thus obtain one group of θ (t) and φ (t), formula is such as Under:

${\left(\mathrm{\θ}\right(k+1),\mathrm{\φ}(k+1\left)\right)}^T={\left(\mathrm{\θ}\right(k),\mathrm{\φ}(k\left)\right)}^T+\mathrm{\α}\left({\▿}^{-1}P\right(k\left)\right)\mathrm{\β}\left(k\right)$

In formula:Represent the power output direction of search, whereinFor the Grad of power, β (k) represents Step-size in search, in formula, the adjustment amount of the iterative process of angle is to be come really by the product of the power output direction of search and step-size in search Fixed.

For convenience of remotely monitoring, described inverter is also connected with being provided with ring-like network structure, ring-like network structure includes Return tank, terminal unit and weather station information.Entered by the transmission means of Ethernet between described inverter and ring-like network structure Row data are transmitted.

The beneficial effects of the utility model: first, it is assumed that sunlight incident direction produces photovoltaic arrays power maximum exactly Sun tracker panel needed for output towards, then this utility model adjust the target of sun tracker angle with based on astronomy It is consistent that the sun tracker of Computing Principle controls target.Although the two have employed different control principles, but what the two reached Effect is identical, all searches optimum azimuth and elevation angle so that photovoltaic arrays Maximum Power Output.In this assumed condition Under, intelligent tracker described in the utility model is basically identical with sun tracker performance based on astronomical Computing Principle.

Secondly, it is assumed that the strongest direction of sunlight is exactly to produce the sun tracker panel needed for the output of photovoltaic arrays power maximum Towards, then this utility model adjusts the target of sun tracker angle and sun tracker based on sunlight quadrant Cleaning Principle Control target consistent.Although the two have employed different control principles, but the two effect reached is identical, all searches optimal Azimuth and elevation angle so that photovoltaic arrays Maximum Power Output.Under this assumed condition, described in the utility model based on inverse The intelligent tracker becoming device is basically identical with sun tracker performance based on sunlight quadrant Cleaning Principle.

Again, it is assumed that (the two is the most different, such as: black clouds reflection light for sunlight incident direction or the strongest direction of sunlight Direct sunlight commonly greater than being blocked) it not to produce the sun tracker panel court needed for the output of photovoltaic arrays power maximum To, then this utility model adjusts the target of sun tracker angle and just has a clear superiority in than traditional sun tracker, produces Bigger generated energy, performance is optimal.

Finally, the hypotactic design of loop network, it is achieved that power station data information, video monitoring information and weather conditions Deng centralized management, provide a great convenience for the fault diagnosis in later stage, data analysis, O&M service etc..

In sum, intelligent tracker ultimate principle based on inverter scheme described in the utility model is not only able to Normal condition is issued to tradition sun tracker and promotes the index of photovoltaic efficiency, and can at light diffuse-reflectance, light source not Guarantee the lifting of photovoltaic efficiency in the case of Ming Xian, add the design of lump type loop network, greatly facilitate the later stage Service, has a clear superiority in than traditional sun tracker.Can popularization and application.Therefore, sun tracker described in the utility model, more Intelligent, more optimize, modernize, it is possible to improve the electric power delivery efficiency of photovoltaic plant under difficult environmental conditions, have general Property, can have good practical value to be applicable.

Below with reference to drawings and Examples, this utility model is described in detail.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is this utility model schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is the control principle block diagram of wisdom sun tracker based on inverter scheme.

Fig. 3 is the looped network of time control sun tracker and hypotactic control principle block diagram.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment:

As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of sun tracker control system based on inverter output power, including photovoltaic battery matrix 5, the photovoltaic electric power output unit 4 being connected with photovoltaic battery matrix 5 circuit, control the driving source that photovoltaic battery matrix 5 rotates, electricity Machine controller 18；Described electric machine controller 14 receives the angle signal of photovoltaic battery matrix 5, controls driving source simultaneously and drives photovoltaic Battery array 5 rotates；Being additionally provided with inverter 2 and extremum search device 19, described inverter 2 gathers photovoltaic electric power output unit 4 Electric power signal, and the electric power signal collected is flowed to extremum search device 19, extremum search device 19 is according to the electricity received Force signal calculates the preferable angles of photovoltaic battery matrix 5, and this angle value is fed back to electric machine controller 18；Motor control Device 18 processed compares the angle of the photovoltaic battery matrix 5 received and preferable angles, then controls driving source drive photovoltaic cell Square formation 5 turns to preferable angles position.

The basic control circuit topological structure of sun tracker is described as follows with basic mechanical erection structure.Control 13 points of box Do not control power line and control power line and holding wire 9 with power feedback signal line the 14, first motor with holding wire the 8, second motor Connect in circuit.Control box 13 to be fixed on column 10, and be fixed on above ground installation foundation 12 by installing mechanism 11.Inverse Become device 2 to be connected with photovoltaic electric power output unit 4, power feedback signal line 14 circuit respectively.Photovoltaic battery matrix 5 and photovoltaic electric power Output unit 4 circuit connects.The base of photovoltaic battery matrix 5 successively with the first motor driven systems 6 and the second motor drivetrain Unite 7 mechanical attachment.First motor driven systems 6 is placed on the second motor driven systems 7, and the second motor driven systems 7 is placed in On column 10.Described column the 10, first motor driven systems the 6, second motor driven systems 7 and photovoltaic battery matrix 5 are constituted The support 21 of solar tracking device.Ring network structure 15 respectively with the terminal units 17 such as signal output unit 1, weather station 16, computer And return tank 20, image first-class external equipment connect.

Mechanically-based connected mode, sun tracker has the degree of freedom of both direction, is a tracking double-shaft moving system.If Do not work at the first motor driven systems 6 or the second motor driven systems 7, then sun tracker deteriorates to a single shaft fortune Dynamic system.Under twin shaft mode of operation, if the first motor driven systems 6 produces motion effect, the photovoltaic arrays of sun tracker Panel can rotate in elevation angle direction；If the second motor driven systems 7 produces motion effect, the photovoltaic arrays of sun tracker Panel can rotate at azimuth direction.

Principle from above-mentioned motion structure.On the one hand, if the first motor driven systems 6 receives the first motor and controls The driving electric current of power line and holding wire 8 and control signal, then the controller controlling box 13 built-in can arbitrarily control first The rotation of motor driven systems 6, so control sun tracker panel rotate in elevation angle direction；Meanwhile, it is capable to receive the One motor controls the motor anglec of rotation or the signal of speed that power line feeds back with holding wire 8；Constitute a set of elevation angle Feedback control system.On the other hand, if the second motor driven systems 7 receives the second motor and controls power line and holding wire 9 Drive electric current and control signal, then control the built-in controller of box 13 and can arbitrarily control the and the rotation of motor driven systems 7 Turn, and then the panel controlling sun tracker rotates at azimuth direction；Meanwhile, it is capable to receive second motor control power line with The motor anglec of rotation that holding wire 9 feeds back or the signal of speed；Constitute a set of azimuthal feedback control system.

Therefore, control box the 13, first motor driven systems the 6, second motor driven systems the 7, first motor and control power line Control power line with holding wire 8 and the second motor and constitute first set control loop with holding wire 9, be used for controlling solar tracking The azimuth of device and elevation angle.

From network communication configuration.On the one hand power information is fed back to electric machine controller 18 by inverter 2, it is achieved system Wisdom follow the tracks of.On the other hand the information of inverter can be by the incoming ring-like network structure of the modes such as Ethernet, and on network Each structure be host-guest architecture, it is on-the-spot that some of the information of other header boxs 20 and camera collection are also deposited in ring network structure meeting Situation.So, in the case of comprehensive various condition informations, by communication network, control information can be passed back through inverter 2 The controller end that wisdom is followed the tracks of, azimuth and elevation angle to sun tracker are controlled.

Below, feature the most of the present utility model is illustrated.

The second set that this utility model uses controls loop.It is a set of anti-by controlling box 13, power that second set controls loop The electric power feedback control system of feedback signal line 14, inverter 2, photovoltaic electric power output unit 4, photovoltaic battery matrix 5 composition.Substantially Operation principle is, the electric power signal (such as: electric current, voltage, power) that photovoltaic battery matrix 5 produces is by photovoltaic electric power output unit 4 are transported to inverter 2；The power signal of photovoltaic battery matrix 5 is detected by inverter device 2, and by power feedback signal line 14 feed back to control box 13.The reference of preferable azimuth and elevation angle is searched by the extremum search device 19 that control box 13 is built-in Amount.In figure, G_iRepresent the intensity of light source and the direction projecting solar module from different directions, such as: diffuse-reflectance, refraction Deng.

Here we use scheme based on inverter to carry out the feedback of power signal.According to the power signal of feedback, control System processed constantly regulates orientation and the angle of solar panel, accordingly even when be to block the situation strong with diffuse-reflectance at black clouds Under also can accomplish that system follows the trail of the maximum output of solar power all the time.Meanwhile, must during inverter is photovoltaic generating system A few part, directly feedback signal from inverter, accomplished reusing of power signal cleverly, it is to avoid one attached The power detecting unit added.

Therefore, sun tracker control system based on inverter output power described in the utility model, is that a class is passed through The power of inverter fed, adjusts azimuth and the elevation angle of sun tracker, and the peak power of search photovoltaic battery matrix is defeated Go out a little.In conjunction with mathematic(al) representation:

P^*(t)=max_θ(t),φ(t){P(θ(t),φ(t),t)}

In formula, p^*T () is maximum feedback power,

θ (t) is the photovoltaic battery matrix azimuth in the t period；

φ (t) is the photovoltaic battery matrix elevation angle in the t period；

T represents time point；

Feedback power is the multiplication function of orientation angles and elevation angle, and this multiplication function is by constantly adjusting θ (t) and φ T the value of (), obtains a feedback power extreme value；Judge to adjust an orientation angles and elevation angle how step by feedback power Step approaches best angle, finds maximum power point (mpp), completes once the Self Adaptive Control of unknown multiplication function search extreme value Journey.

Using line search alternative manner to realize extremum search control, thus obtain one group of θ (t) and φ (t), formula is such as Under:

${\left(\mathrm{\θ}\right(k+1),\mathrm{\φ}(k+1\left)\right)}^T={\left(\mathrm{\θ}\right(k),\mathrm{\φ}(k\left)\right)}^T+\mathrm{\α}\left({\▿}^{-1}P\right(k\left)\right)\mathrm{\β}\left(k\right)$

In formula:Represent the power output direction of search, whereinFor the Grad of power, β (k) represents Step-size in search, in formula, the adjustment amount of the iterative process of angle is to be come really by the product of the power output direction of search and step-size in search Fixed.

Being described further in conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the control of sun tracker control system based on inverter output power Theory diagram.In figure, U (t) represents the control signal of electric machine controller, and this block diagram has two sets to control loop.First set controls back Road, has fed back elevation angle φ (t) and two variablees of azimuth angle theta (t) of sun tracker.Electric machine controller 18 feeds back based on these Variable may determine that elevation angle and the azimuth of sun tracker reality.Then, compare the reference value of azimuth and elevation angle, give Go out correct control instruction.Second set controls loop, has fed back the electric power letter of the photovoltaic arrays being placed on sun tracker panel Number, such as: power (have the electric current of feedback, the product of voltage calculates).By extremum search device 19 decision height angle and azimuthal Ideal value, and feed back to electric machine controller 18, for relatively real azimuth and elevation angle, electric machine controller 18 be just given True control instruction.Therefore, under the common effect that two sets control loop, sun tracker is by regulation azimuth, elevation angle Search the peak power output of photovoltaic arrays, thus play sun tracker and promote the purpose of photovoltaic arrays performance.

With reference to Fig. 3, state basic network topological structure described in the utility model.In the drawings it will be seen that whole net Network structure is divided into two large divisions, a part to be upper strata based on high in the clouds ring network structures, principal and subordinate's networking of another part Ze Shi lower floor Structure.In lower floor's principal and subordinate's networking structure, control the power signal that tracker feeds back according to inverter 2, constantly adjust so that the sun Maximum power output state can be in all the time by cell panel, the most just constitute the host-guest architecture of lower floor.Upper strata ring network structure comprises The control information of the terminal inputs such as computer and the field condition of camera collection, and the solar electrical energy generation that each header box collects The information of system, but also include power incoming from lower floor's principal and subordinate's networking structure, control the information such as angle.It is worth explanation Be the transmission that can accomplish mutual information of the node between upper strata ring network structure and lower floor's principal and subordinate's networking structure, each upper strata ring Web frame can access multiple lower floors principal and subordinate's networking structure.So centralized management of solar tracking system information, the most significantly Facilitate the unified integrated management of control, and the collection of a large amount of related data can carry out standard for later big data analysis etc. Standby, ready for further service.Each node on ring network structure has two-way feature, so, we can root In the case of making a prediction according to some weather conditions etc., make in particular cases wisdom based on complicated event and control.

In sum, sun tracker control system based on inverter output power described in the utility model is not only able to Reach tradition sun tracker under normal conditions and promote the index of photovoltaic efficiency, and can be at light diffuse-reflectance, light source Guarantee the lifting of photovoltaic efficiency in the case of unconspicuous, have a clear superiority in than traditional sun tracker.Can popularization and application. Therefore, sun tracker described in the utility model, more intelligent, more optimize, modernize, it is possible to improve under difficult environmental conditions The electric power delivery efficiency of photovoltaic plant, has versatility, can have good practical value to be applicable.

Claims (6)

1. a sun tracker control system based on inverter output power, including photovoltaic battery matrix (5), with photovoltaic electric The photovoltaic electric power output unit (4) that pond square formation (5) circuit connects, controls the driving source that photovoltaic battery matrix (5) rotates, motor control Device processed (18)；It is characterized in that: described electric machine controller (14) receives the angle signal of photovoltaic battery matrix (5), controls simultaneously Driving source drives photovoltaic battery matrix (5) to rotate；It is additionally provided with inverter (2) and extremum search device (19), described inverter (2) Gather the electric power signal of photovoltaic electric power output unit (4), and the electric power signal collected is flowed to extremum search device (19), pole Value searcher (19) calculates the preferable angles of photovoltaic battery matrix (5) according to the electric power signal received, and by this angle Angle value feeds back to electric machine controller (18)；Electric machine controller (18) compares angle and the reason of the photovoltaic battery matrix (5) received Think angles, then control driving source and drive photovoltaic battery matrix (5) to turn to preferable angles position.

2. sun tracker control system based on inverter output power as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Driving source includes controlling the first motor driven systems (6) and the control photovoltaic electric that photovoltaic battery matrix (5) elevation angle direction rotates The second motor driven systems (7) that pond square formation (5) azimuth direction rotates；Described extremum search device (19) is according to the electricity received Force signal calculates ideal height angle and the azimuth of photovoltaic battery matrix (5).

3. sun tracker control system based on inverter output power as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described The computing formula of extremum search device (19) is as follows:

P^*(t)=max_θ(t),φ(t){P(θ(t),φ(t),t)}

In formula, P^*T () is maximum feedback power,

θ (t) is the photovoltaic battery matrix azimuth in the t period；

φ (t) is the photovoltaic battery matrix elevation angle in the t period；

T represents time point；

Feedback power is the multiplication function of orientation angles and elevation angle, and this multiplication function is by constantly adjusting θ (t) and φ (t) Value, obtain a feedback power extreme value；Adjustment orientation angles and elevation angle is judged the most step by step by feedback power Approach best angle, find maximum power point (mpp), complete once the Self Adaptive Control of unknown multiplication function search extreme value Journey.

4. sun tracker control system based on inverter output power as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: use Line search alternative manner realizes extremum search control, thus obtains one group of θ (t) and φ (t), and formula is as follows:

In formula:Represent the power output direction of search, whereinFor the Grad of power, β (k) represents search Step-length, in formula, the adjustment amount of the iterative process of angle is to be determined by the product of the power output direction of search and step-size in search.

5. sun tracker control system based on inverter output power as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Inverter (2) is also connected with being provided with ring-like network structure (15), and ring-like network structure (15) includes return tank (20), and terminal sets Standby (17) and weather station information (16).

6. sun tracker control system based on inverter output power as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: described Carried out data transmission by the transmission means of Ethernet between inverter (2) and ring-like network structure (15).