CN205945621U - Intelligent type solar tracker's group control system - Google Patents
Intelligent type solar tracker's group control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN205945621U CN205945621U CN201620772963.8U CN201620772963U CN205945621U CN 205945621 U CN205945621 U CN 205945621U CN 201620772963 U CN201620772963 U CN 201620772963U CN 205945621 U CN205945621 U CN 205945621U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an intelligent type solar tracker's group control system, including and trailing the solar energy tracker crowd that the support constitutes by multiunit solar energy, every group solar energy has a solar energy to trail the support in trailing the support, is provided with the extreme value search engine in its control box, its photovoltaic electricity output unit alone operation, and the connection is provided with the direct current transducer, and the direct current transducer is connected with direct load, extreme value search engine respectively, forms maximum power's feedback. Every group solar energy tracker all is provided with annular control bus adaptation function, and the machine controller that the support was trailed to annular control bus and every solar energy is connected, carries out data sharing through annular control bus, simultaneously, still is provided with the control end on annular control bus, realizes that is trailed the rotation of many tracking supports synchronization of rack control to obtain the maximum output power of solar energy tracker, performance solar tracker promotes the purpose of photovoltaic square matrix performance. But wide application in solar energy tracker field.
Description
Technical field
This utility model belongs to solar energy new energy field, especially relates to a kind of team control system of intelligent sun tracker
System.
Background technology
During earth rotation, the solar photovoltaic generation system of earth's surface fixed location is subject to the sun around the earth relatively
Move and produce the shadow that lighting angle changes.
Conventional sun tracker can effectively ensure the solar panel moment just to the sun so that generating efficiency reaches
To optimum state.At present, the operation principle of solar tracking device general in the world needs the letter such as longitude and latitude according to nest point
Cease the angle that sun is not located in the same time of the every day in calculating 1 year, the position of sun in each moment in 1 year is stored
In PLC, single-chip microcomputer or computer, by calculating the position of sun in this fixed location each moment to realize following the tracks of.It is that a class is based on
Ephemeris information calculates the solar tracking control method of sunlight angle.However, under cloudy, cloudy, haze weather condition, the sun
Direct light is no longer advantageous, non-solar direct light usually and creates higher irradiance.In the case of these weather, equally
The solar power station of power is it may appear that the generating of stationary power generation comparison-tracking sun formula is equally matched.Even, fixed produce more
Big generated energy.People are produced to the sun tracker being calculated sunlight angle based on ephemeris information and query.Such control principle is not
Applicable all regions or weather.
Similarly, using the reaction type tracking mode of sunlight quadrant sensor, also there is obvious weakness.For example：Black clouds blocks
The sun is so that the intensity of reflected light of other black clouds is more than sunlight.So, using the reaction type track side of sunlight quadrant sensor
Formula will follow the tracks of black clouds reflected light.And this phenomenon will not be lasting, lead to overall generated energy level not up, on the contrary tracker
Power consumption quantitative change is big.Similarly, the inapplicable all regions of such control principle or weather.
People thirst for utility model and go out more intelligent sun tracker, and its control targe is to realize solar electrical energy generation amount
Bigization, and not only only keep track the sun or certain Shu Yangguang, thus adapting to various weather conditions, such as：Fine day, cloudy day, haze sky etc..
And can efficiently run, ease of assembly is debugged.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is the deficiency for existing sun tracker, provides a kind of intelligent sun tracker
Group control system, this system with photovoltaic arrays maximum power output for target to obtain the optimal tracking angle of tracker, and with this
Follow the tracks of angle as the control targe adjusting, then this angle is sent in annular controlling bus to realize controlling other sun
The optimization of the tracking angle of energy tracker is adjusted.Farthest play the work efficiency of sun tracker, significantly carry
Rise the control performance of traditional sun tracker.
This utility model solves its technical problem and be employed technical scheme comprise that：A kind of team control of intelligent sun tracker
System, including the solar tracking device group being made up of multigroup solar energy tracking support, is arranged on the light on solar energy tracking support
Volt battery array, the photovoltaic electric power output unit being connected with photovoltaic battery matrix circuit, described solar energy tracking support is arranged
There are the driving source controlling photovoltaic battery matrix rotation and control box, in described control box, be provided with electric machine controller；Every group of sun
Can follow the tracks of in support and have a solar energy tracking support, in its control box, be additionally provided with extremum search device, described photovoltaic electric power is defeated
Go out unit and be connected with direct current transducer, direct current transducer is connected with direct load, extremum search device respectively；It is additionally provided with ring
Shape controlling bus, annular controlling bus are connected with the electric machine controller of each solar energy tracking support, in annular controlling bus
It is additionally provided with control end；
Described direct current transducer passes through directly to load peak power output when obtaining photovoltaic battery matrix current location, and
This peak power output is delivered to extremum search device, extremum search device calculates photovoltaic according to current location peak power output
The ideal value of the angle of battery array peak power output, and this ideal value is conveyed to the motor on this solar energy tracking support
Control machine, electric machine controller adjusts the angle of photovoltaic battery matrix on this solar energy tracking support, motor simultaneously according to ideal value
Ideal value is delivered to annular controlling bus by controller, and the ideal value receiving is shared to the sun with group by annular controlling bus
The electric machine controller on support can be followed the tracks of, thus controlling with other solar energy tracking support synchronous axial system of group.
Described annular controlling bus also receive the relevant information of weather station, and determine tune after analyzing and processing by control end
Section instruction, then regulating command is sent to the electric machine controller of each solar energy tracking support by annular controlling bus, thus
Control each solar energy tracking holder pivots.
The base of photovoltaic battery matrix successively with the first motor driven systems and the second motor driven systems mechanical attachment.The
One motor driven systems are placed on the second motor driven systems, and the second motor driven systems are placed on column.Elevation angle and
Azimuth feedback signal line is connected with annular controlling bus, and the electric machine controller on other solar energy tracking supports is controlled with annular
Bus is connected, and annular controlling bus are connected with control end (as computer).
Based on mechanical connection manner, sun tracker has the degree of freedom of both direction, is a tracking double-shaft moving system.If
Do not work in the first motor driven systems or the second motor driven systems, then sun tracker deteriorates to a single axial movement
System.Under twin shaft mode of operation, if the first motor driven systems produce motion effect, the photovoltaic arrays panel of sun tracker
Can rotate in height angular direction；If the second motor driven systems produce motion effect, the photovoltaic arrays panel of sun tracker
Can rotate in azimuth direction.
Principle from above-mentioned motion structure.On the one hand, if the first motor driven systems receive the first motor control
The driving current of power line and holding wire and control signal, then the built-in electric machine controller of control box can arbitrarily control first
The rotation of motor driven systems, and then control photovoltaic battery matrix to rotate in height angular direction；Meanwhile, it is capable to receive the first motor
The motor anglec of rotation or the signal of speed that control power line is fed back with holding wire；Constitute the feedback control of a set of elevation angle
System.On the other hand, if the second motor driven systems receive the driving current of the second motor control power line and holding wire with
And control signal, then the built-in electric machine controller of control box can arbitrarily control the and the rotation of motor driven systems, and then control
Photovoltaic battery matrix processed rotates in azimuth direction；Meanwhile, it is capable to receive the second motor control power line feed back to holding wire
The motor anglec of rotation come or the signal of speed；Constitute a set of azimuthal feedback control system.
Therefore, control box, the first motor driven systems, the second motor driven systems, the first motor control power line and letter
Number line and the second motor control power line constitute a set of conventional feedback control system with holding wire, control too for obtaining
The azimuth of positive tracker and elevation angle, then pass to annular controlling bus the azimuth of gained and elevation angle by bus
On, then the angle obtaining is used for controlling other solar tracking devices, in combination with the meteorology on ring bus by control end
Signal, can adopt event-based control strategy, can be intelligent, and more optimum management solar tracking device array maximizes
Realize the effective utilization of resource.
This utility model employs second set of feedback control system.Second set of feedback control system be a set of by control box,
Power feedback signal line, direct current transducer, photovoltaic electric power output unit, the electric power feedback control system of photovoltaic battery matrix composition
System.Basic functional principle is that the electric power signal that photovoltaic battery matrix produces is (such as：Electric current, voltage, power) defeated by photovoltaic electric power
Go out unit transportation to direct current transducer；By the effect of DC load, enable to direct current transducer and obtain light under current angular
The maximum power point output of volt battery array, feeds back to control box by power feedback signal line.By the built-in extreme value of control box
Searcher searches the reference quantity of preferable azimuth and elevation angle.And this reference quantity is fed back to the motor control of control box
Device, provides the desired reference amount of azimuth and elevation angle to electric machine controller, and this reference quantity passes to ring by feedback control line
In shape controlling bus, relevant parameter is adjusted by control end, thus searching for the maximum power point of solar electrical energy generation.The design adopts
Use looped network mode, make the azimuth of acquisition and elevation angle data sharing in looped network data/address bus, convenient control more solar energys
Tracker, meanwhile, also weather station information data is input on looped network data/address bus, can be based on event switching control, so
Multiple electric machine controllers just can be controlled on annular controlling bus, improve this electric machine controller with extremum search device
Bigization utilization rate is so that solar tracking device can more optimize, more efficient, and it is defeated to obtain peak power that more wisdom follows the tracks of the sun
Go out, obtain maximum generation benefit.
Therefore, the group control system of intelligent sun tracker described in the utility model, is that a class is passed through to adjust solar tracking
The azimuth of device and elevation angle, the maximum power point (mpp) of search photovoltaic battery matrix.In conjunction with mathematic(al) representation：
P*(t)=maxθ(t),φ(t){P(θ(t),φ(t),t)}
In formula, P*T () is maximum feedback power,
θ (t) is photovoltaic battery matrix at the azimuth of t period；
φ (t) is the elevation angle in the t period for the photovoltaic battery matrix；
T represents time point；
Feedback power is the multiplication function of orientation angles and elevation angle, and this output function passes through the maximum under current angular
Output, constantly the value of adjustment θ (t) and φ (t), obtains a feedback power extreme value；Judge by feedback power to adjust
How orientation angles and elevation angle approach best angle step by step, find maximum power point (mpp), complete once unknown multiplication
The adaptive control process of Selecting Function System extreme value.
Technically, extremum search control can be realized using line search alternative manner
In formula：Represent the power output direction of search, whereinFor the Grad of power, β (k) representative
Step-size in search, in formula, the adjustment amount of the iterative process of angle is to be come really by the product of the power output direction of search and step-size in search
Fixed.
The group control system block diagram of intelligent sun tracker has two sets of control loops.First set control loop, has fed back too
The elevation angle of positive tracker and two, azimuth variable.Based on these feedback variables, controller may determine that sun tracker is actual
Elevation angle and azimuth.Then, compare the reference value of azimuth and elevation angle, provide correct control instruction.Second set of control
Loop processed, has fed back the electric power signal of the photovoltaic arrays being placed on sun tracker panel, such as：Power (has electric current, the electricity of feedback
The product of pressure calculates).By extremum search device decision height angle and azimuthal ideal value, and feed back to controller, for than
More real azimuth and elevation angle, provide correct control instruction by controller.Therefore, in the common work of two sets of control loops
With under, sun tracker searches the peak power output of photovoltaic arrays by adjusting azimuth, elevation angle, thus playing the sun
Tracker lifts the purpose of photovoltaic arrays performance.
State basic control principle described in the utility model with based on sunlight quadrant detect basic control principle the sun with
The difference of track device is as follows.
The sun tracker control targe based on astronomical Computing Principle for the tradition by panel towards sunlight maximum intensity place.
If sunlight strength has deviation, azimuth and elevation angle to move towards the weak quadrant of light, it is finally reached four-quadrant balance, panel direction
Sunlight the strongest direction.It is a class feedback control system.But, it is different from feedback principle of the present utility model.It anti-
Whether feedback principle is to balance to judge whether the maximum sunlight direction of panel sensing based on sunlight quadrant sensor four-quadrant sunlight, uses
Formula is expressed
(θ(k+1),φ(k+1))T=(θ (k), φ (k))T+sign(quadrant)β
In formula, the adjustment amount of the iterative process of angle is to be determined by the product of quadrant difference symbol and step-size in search.Phase
Comparatively, control targe of the present utility model is the extremum search to optimum control angle, feedback signal is that realtime power is defeated
Go out, control targe is the output at the optimum control angle of photovoltaic arrays.
Therefore, this utility model and traditional open loop or closed-loop control system have difference substantially.It is true that this practicality
New more advantageous than traditional open loop or closed-loop control system.
First, it is assumed that sunlight incident direction is exactly the sun tracker face producing needed for photovoltaic arrays power maximum output
Plate direction, then this utility model adjusts the target of sun tracker angle and the sun tracker control based on astronomical Computing Principle
Target processed is consistent.Although the two employs different control principles, the effect that the two reaches is identical, all searches optimal side
Parallactic angle and elevation angle are so that photovoltaic arrays Maximum Power Output.Under this assumed condition, described in the utility model intelligent with
Track device is basically identical with the sun tracker performance based on astronomical Computing Principle.
Secondly it is assumed that the strongest direction of sunlight is exactly the sun tracker panel producing needed for photovoltaic arrays power maximum output
Direction, then this utility model adjusts the target of sun tracker angle and the sun tracker based on sunlight quadrant Cleaning Principle
Control targe is consistent.Although the two employs different control principles, the effect that the two reaches is identical, all searches optimal
Azimuth and elevation angle are so that photovoltaic arrays Maximum Power Output.Under this assumed condition, described in the utility model intelligent
Tracker is basically identical with the sun tracker performance based on sunlight quadrant Cleaning Principle.
Again it is assumed that (the two is possible to difference, such as in sunlight incident direction or sunlight the strongest direction：Black clouds reflected light
Direct sunlight commonly greater than being blocked) it is not the sun tracker panel court producing needed for photovoltaic arrays power maximum output
To, then the target that this utility model adjusts sun tracker angle just has a clear superiority than traditional sun tracker, produces
Bigger generated energy, performance is optimal.
In sum, intelligent tracker ultimate principle described in the utility model is not only able to reach under normal conditions biography
System sun tracker lifts the index of photovoltaic efficiency, and can guarantee in the case of light diffuse-reflectance, light source are unconspicuous
The lifting of photovoltaic efficiency, has a clear superiority than traditional sun tracker.Event control can be based on, can effectively utilizes obtain
Effective azimuth and elevation angle, reach cost-effective, that is, pass through with organize a tracker be calculated elevation angle and
Azimuthal ideal value, then by annular controlling bus with carry out data sharing with organizing other trackers, control with group other with
Track support synchronous axial system, plays the purpose more than a control.Additionally, the data of multigroup tracker is shared all in annular controlling bus,
Big data analysis is provided, preferably manages whole tracker group.Therefore, the team control system of sun tracker described in the utility model
System, more intelligent, more optimize, modernization wisdom sun tracker group control system, light can be improved under difficult environmental conditions
The electric power output efficiency of overhead utility, has versatility, and meanwhile, annular controlling bus are based on event control, can control whole in flakes
In tracker group, each follows the tracks of the rotation of support, convenient, efficiently, can be applicable with large-area, has practical valency well
Value.
Below with reference to drawings and Examples, this utility model is described in detail.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is control principle block diagram of the present utility model.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment, as shown in figure 1, a kind of group control system of intelligent sun tracker, including by multigroup solar energy tracking
The solar tracking device group that support is constituted, is arranged on the photovoltaic battery matrix 5 on solar energy tracking support, with photovoltaic battery matrix
The photovoltaic electric power output unit 4 that 5 circuit connect, described solar energy tracking support is provided with control photovoltaic battery matrix 5 and rotates
Driving source and control box 13, be provided with electric machine controller 19 in described control box 13；Have one in every group of solar energy tracking support
Individual solar energy tracking support, is additionally provided with extremum search device 20 in its control box 13, described photovoltaic electric power output unit 4 connection sets
It is equipped with direct current transducer 1, direct current transducer 1 is connected with direct load 2, extremum search device 20 respectively；It is additionally provided with annular control
Bus 17, annular controlling bus 17 are connected with the electric machine controller 19 of each solar energy tracking support, in annular controlling bus 17
On be additionally provided with control end 18；
Described direct current transducer 1 passes through directly load 2 and obtains maximum work output during photovoltaic battery matrix 5 current location
Rate, and this peak power output is delivered to extremum search device 20, extremum search device 20 is according to current location peak power output
Calculate the ideal value of the angle of photovoltaic battery matrix 5 peak power output, and this ideal value is conveyed to this solar energy tracking
Motor controlling machine 19 on support, electric machine controller 19 adjusts photovoltaic battery matrix on this solar energy tracking support according to ideal value
5 angle, simultaneously electric machine controller 19 ideal value is delivered to annular controlling bus 17, annular controlling bus 17 will receive
Ideal value shares to the electric machine controller 19 on the solar energy tracking support of group, thus control propping up with other solar energy trackings of group
Frame synchronous axial system.This annular controlling bus 17 achieves multigroup data sharing following the tracks of support, facilitates data analysis and process.
Described annular controlling bus 17 also receive the relevant information coming weather station, and after control end 18 analyzes and processes really
Determine regulating command, then regulating command is sent to the electric machine controller of each solar energy tracking support by annular controlling bus 17
19, thus controlling each solar energy tracking holder pivots.
The basic control circuit topological structure of described sun tracker is described as follows with basic mechanical erection structure.Direct current is born
Carry and 2 be connected with direct current transducer 1, direct current transducer 1 respectively with power feedback signal line 14 and photovoltaic electric power output unit 4 phase
Even, the first motor control power line is connected with circuit such as holding wires 9 with holding wire 8, the second motor control power line.Control box 13
It is fixed on mechanical type column 10, and be fixed on above ground installation foundation 12 by mechanical type installing mechanism 11.Direct current is changed
Device 1 is connected with power feedback signal line 14 circuit with photovoltaic electric power output unit 4.Photovoltaic battery matrix 5 and photovoltaic electric power output
Unit 4 circuit connects.The base of photovoltaic battery matrix 5 successively with the first motor driven systems 6 and the second motor driven systems 7 machine
Tool couples.First motor driven systems 6 are placed on the second motor driven systems 7, and the second motor driven systems 7 are placed in column 10
On, elevation angle is connected with controlling bus 17 with azimuth feedback signal line 15, and a point tracker 16 is connected with controlling bus, controls
Bus is connected with control end 18, and control end 18 can be the messaging devices such as computer.
Based on mechanical connection manner, sun tracker has the degree of freedom of both direction, is a tracking double-shaft moving system.If
Do not work in the first motor driven systems 6 or the second motor driven systems 7, then sun tracker deteriorates to a single shaft fortune
Dynamic system.Under twin shaft mode of operation, if the first motor driven systems 6 produce motion effect, the photovoltaic arrays of sun tracker
Panel can rotate in height angular direction；If the second motor driven systems 7 produce motion effect, the photovoltaic arrays of sun tracker
Panel can rotate in azimuth direction.
Principle from above-mentioned motion structure.On the one hand, if the first motor driven systems 6 receive the first motor control
The driving current of power line and holding wire 8 and control signal, then the built-in electric machine controller of control box 13 19 can arbitrarily control
Make the rotation of the first motor driven systems 6, and then control the photovoltaic battery matrix 5 of sun tracker to rotate in height angular direction；
Meanwhile, it is capable to receive the signal of the motor anglec of rotation that feeds back with holding wire 8 of the first motor control power line or speed；Structure
Become the feedback control system of a set of elevation angle.On the other hand, if the second motor driven systems 7 receive the second motor control power supply
The driving current of line and holding wire 9 and control signal, then the built-in electric machine controller of control box 13 19 can arbitrarily control the
The rotation of two motor driven systems 7, and then control the photovoltaic battery matrix 5 of sun tracker to rotate in azimuth direction；Meanwhile,
The signal of the motor anglec of rotation that the second motor control power line fed back or speed can be received with holding wire 9；Constitute one
Cover azimuthal feedback control system.
Therefore, control box 13, the first motor driven systems 6, the second motor driven systems 7, the first motor control power line
Constitute the feedback control system of a set of routine with holding wire 8 and the second motor control power line with holding wire 9, for controlling
The azimuth of sun tracker and elevation angle.
This utility model employs second set of feedback control system.Second set of feedback control system is a set of by control box
13rd, the electric power feedback of power feedback signal line 14, direct current transducer 1, photovoltaic electric power output unit 4, photovoltaic battery matrix 5 composition
Control system.Basic functional principle is that the electric power signal that photovoltaic battery matrix 5 produces is (such as：Electric current, voltage, power) pass through light
Volt electric power output unit 4 is transported to direct current transducer 1；Due to the effect of DC load 2, enable to direct current transducer 1 and control
Device obtains the maximum power point output under current angular, feeds back to control box 13 by power feedback signal line 14.By control box
13 built-in extremum search devices 20 search the reference quantity of preferable azimuth and elevation angle.And this reference quantity is fed back to control
The electric machine controller 19 of box 13, provides the desired reference amount of azimuth and elevation angle to electric machine controller 19, and this reference quantity is led to
Cross feedback control line 15 to pass in annular controlling bus 17, relevant parameter is adjusted by control end, thus search for solar energy sending out
The maximum power point of electricity.The design adopts looped network mode, makes the azimuth of acquisition and elevation angle data sharing total in looped network data
Line, the angle desired reference amount that can be obtained by the extremum search device 20 on a solar tracking device, convenient control is more
Solar tracking device, meanwhile, also weather station information data is input on looped network data/address bus, can based on event switching control
System, so just can control multiple solar tracking devices in annular controlling bus, improve the sun with extremum search device 20
The maximization utilization rate of energy tracker is so that solar tracking device can more optimize, more efficient, and more wisdom follows the tracks of the sun to obtain
Maximum power output, obtains maximum generation benefit.In figure G1(t) G2(t)…GhT () is the irreflexive irradiance of each point.
Therefore, the group control system of intelligent sun tracker described in the utility model, is that a class is passed through to adjust solar tracking
The azimuth of device and elevation angle, the maximum power point (mpp) of search photovoltaic battery matrix.In conjunction with mathematic(al) representation：
P*(t)=maxθ(t),φ(t){P(θ(t),φ(t),t)}
In formula, P*T () is maximum feedback power,
θ (t) is photovoltaic battery matrix at the azimuth of t period；
φ (t) is the elevation angle in the t period for the photovoltaic battery matrix；
T represents time point；
Feedback power is the multiplication function of orientation angles and elevation angle, and this output function passes through the maximum under current angular
Output, constantly the value of adjustment θ (t) and φ (t), obtains a feedback power extreme value；Judge by feedback power to adjust
How orientation angles and elevation angle approach best angle step by step, find maximum power point (mpp), complete once unknown multiplication
The adaptive control process of Selecting Function System extreme value.
Technically, extremum search control can be realized using line search alternative manner
In formula：Represent the power output direction of search, whereinFor the Grad of power, β (k) representative
Step-size in search, in formula, the adjustment amount of the iterative process of angle is to be come really by the product of the power output direction of search and step-size in search
Fixed.
It is described further in conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the group control system block diagram of intelligent sun tracker.This block diagram has two sets
Control loop.First set control loop, has fed back elevation angle and two, the azimuth variable of sun tracker.Controller is based on this
A little feedback variables may determine that the actual elevation angle of sun tracker and azimuth.Then, compare the ginseng of azimuth and elevation angle
Examine value, provide correct control instruction.Second set of control loop, has fed back the photovoltaic arrays being placed on sun tracker panel
Electric power signal voltage and current signal, then obtains power output by direct current transducer, and power signal passes through extremum search device
Decision height angle and azimuthal ideal value, and feed back to electric machine controller, for comparing real azimuth and elevation angle, by
Electric machine controller provides the control instruction data of optimum.Additionally, just can be in conjunction with the switching based on event after obtaining optimum data
Control to export correctly optimum control data, and this data can be used for multiple solar tracking devices, to reach data
Optimization maximize and effectively utilize.Wherein event control includes：Snow and rain extreme weather is for the protection of tracker, shade
Under the conditions of Intelligent adjustment etc..Therefore, under the collective effect of two sets of control loops, the control of binding events, solar tracking
Device searches the peak power output of photovoltaic arrays by regulation azimuth, elevation angle, thus playing sun tracker lifting light
The purpose of volt square formation performance.
Tradition based on the sun tracker control targe of astronomical Computing Principle be by panel towards sunlight incident direction.
Conventionally, depending on sun light direction calculates according to local astronomical geography information.Therefore, the reference value of azimuth and elevation angle is
Calculate the information getting, rather than the information that control system feeds back, it is an opened loop control process, described with mathematical formulae
As follows：
(θ(k),φ(k))T=(θr(t),φr(t))T
In formula, orientation angles and elevation angle are calculated by astronomical geography formula.And this utility model is based on power
The extremum search control system of feedback.
The sun tracker control targe based on astronomical Computing Principle for the tradition by panel towards sunlight maximum intensity place.
If sunlight strength has deviation, azimuth and elevation angle to move towards the weak quadrant of light, it is finally reached four-quadrant balance, panel direction
Sunlight the strongest direction.It is a class feedback control system.Its feedback principle is based on sunlight quadrant sensor four-quadrant sun
Whether light balances to judge whether that panel points to maximum sunlight direction, is expressed with formula
(θ(k+1),φ(k+1))T=(θ (k), φ (k))T+sign(quadrant)β
In formula, the adjustment amount of the iterative process of angle is to be determined by the product of quadrant difference symbol and step-size in search.Phase
Comparatively, control targe of the present utility model is the extremum search to maximum power point, feedback signal is realtime power output,
Control targe is the maximum power output of photovoltaic arrays.It is different from feedback principle of the present utility model.
Therefore, this utility model and traditional open loop or closed-loop control system have difference substantially.It is true that this practicality
New more advantageous than traditional open loop or closed-loop control system.
First, it is assumed that sunlight incident direction is exactly the sun tracker face producing needed for photovoltaic arrays power maximum output
Plate direction, then this utility model adjusts the target of sun tracker angle and the sun tracker control based on astronomical Computing Principle
Target processed is consistent.Although the two employs different control principles, the effect that the two reaches is identical, all searches optimal side
Parallactic angle and elevation angle are so that photovoltaic arrays Maximum Power Output.Under this assumed condition, described in the utility model intelligent with
Track device is basically identical with the sun tracker performance based on astronomical Computing Principle.
Secondly it is assumed that the strongest direction of sunlight is exactly the sun tracker panel producing needed for photovoltaic arrays power maximum output
Direction, then this utility model adjusts the target of sun tracker angle and the sun tracker based on sunlight quadrant Cleaning Principle
Control targe is consistent.Although the two employs different control principles, the effect that the two reaches is identical, all searches optimal
Azimuth and elevation angle are so that photovoltaic arrays Maximum Power Output.Under this assumed condition, described in the utility model intelligent
Tracker is basically identical with the sun tracker performance based on sunlight quadrant Cleaning Principle.
Again it is assumed that (the two is possible to difference, such as in sunlight incident direction or sunlight the strongest direction：Black clouds reflected light
Direct sunlight commonly greater than being blocked) it is not the sun tracker panel court producing needed for photovoltaic arrays power maximum output
To, then the target that this utility model adjusts sun tracker angle just has a clear superiority than traditional sun tracker, produces
Bigger generated energy, performance is optimal.
In sum, intelligent tracker ultimate principle described in the utility model is not only able to reach under normal conditions biography
System sun tracker lifts the index of photovoltaic efficiency, and can guarantee in the case of light diffuse-reflectance, light source are unconspicuous
The lifting of photovoltaic efficiency, has a clear superiority than traditional sun tracker.Event control can be based on, can effectively utilizes obtain
The effective azimuth obtaining and elevation angle, reach cost-effective, and that is, one controls many modes to realize.Therefore, this utility model institute
State sun tracker, more intelligent, more optimize, the independent controller of the wisdom of modernization, can be under difficult environmental conditions
Improve the electric power output efficiency of photovoltaic plant, there is versatility, based on event control, can have good reality to be applicable
With being worth.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of group control system of intelligent sun tracker, including the solar energy tracking being made up of multigroup solar energy tracking support
Device group, is arranged on the photovoltaic battery matrix (5) on solar energy tracking support, the photovoltaic being connected with photovoltaic battery matrix (5) circuit
Electric power output unit (4), described solar energy tracking support is provided with driving source and the control that control photovoltaic battery matrix (5) rotates
Box (13) processed, is provided with electric machine controller (19) in described control box (13)；It is characterized in that：In every group of solar energy tracking support
There is a solar energy tracking support, in its control box (13), be additionally provided with extremum search device (20), described photovoltaic electric power output is single
First (4) are connected with direct current transducer (1), and direct current transducer (1) is respectively with direct load (2), extremum search device (20) even
Connect；It is additionally provided with annular controlling bus (17), the electric machine controller of annular controlling bus (17) and each solar energy tracking support
(19) connect, control end (18) is additionally provided with annular controlling bus (17)；
Described direct current transducer (1) is passed through direct load (2) and is obtained maximum work output during photovoltaic battery matrix (5) current location
Rate, and this peak power output is delivered to extremum search device (20), extremum search device (20) is according to current location maximum output
Energy meter calculates the ideal value of the angle of photovoltaic battery matrix (5) peak power output, and this ideal value is conveyed to this sun
The electric machine controller (19) on support can be followed the tracks of, electric machine controller (19) adjusts this solar energy tracking support glazing according to ideal value
Lie prostrate the angle of battery array (5), ideal value is delivered to annular controlling bus (17) by electric machine controller (19) simultaneously, annular controls
The ideal value receiving is shared to the electric machine controller (19) on the solar energy tracking support of group by bus (17), thus controlling
With other solar energy tracking support synchronous axial system of group.
2. as claimed in claim 1 intelligent sun tracker group control system it is characterised in that：Described annular controlling bus
(17) also receive the relevant information of weather station, and determine regulating command after control end (18) analyzes and processes, then pass through ring
Regulating command is sent to the electric machine controller (19) of each solar energy tracking support by shape controlling bus (17), thus controlling each
Solar energy tracking holder pivots.
3. as claimed in claim 1 intelligent sun tracker group control system it is characterised in that：Described driving source includes controlling
First motor driven systems (6) of photovoltaic battery matrix (5) height angular direction processed rotation and control photovoltaic battery matrix (5) orientation
Second motor driven systems (7) of angular direction rotation；Described extremum search device (20) is according to the peak power output meter receiving
Calculate photovoltaic battery matrix (5) elevation angle and azimuthal ideal value.
4. the intelligent sun tracker as described in claims 1 to 3 any one group control system it is characterised in that：Described
The computing formula of extremum search device (20) is as follows：
P*(t)=maxθ(t),φ(t){P(θ(t),φ(t),t)}
In formula, P*T () is maximum feedback power,
θ (t) is photovoltaic battery matrix at the azimuth of t period；
φ (t) is the elevation angle in the t period for the photovoltaic battery matrix；
T represents time point；
Feedback power is the multiplication function of orientation angles and elevation angle, and this output function passes through the maximum output under current angular
Power, constantly the value of adjustment θ (t) and φ (t), obtains a feedback power extreme value；Judge by feedback power to adjust orientation
How angle and elevation angle approach best angle step by step, find maximum power point (mpp), complete once unknown multiplication function
The adaptive control process of search extreme value.
5. as claimed in claim 4 intelligent sun tracker group control system it is characterised in that：Using line search iteration side
Method is realizing extremum search control, thus obtaining one group of θ (t) and φ (t), formula is as follows：
In formula：Represent the power output direction of search, whereinFor the Grad of power, β (k) representative search
Step-length, in formula, the adjustment amount of the iterative process of angle is to be determined by the product of the power output direction of search and step-size in search.
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| CN201620772963.8U CN205945621U (en) | 2016-07-21 | 2016-07-21 | Intelligent type solar tracker's group control system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106026882A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-10-12 | 黄山睿基新能源股份有限公司 | Group control system of intelligent sun tracker |
| CN108011589A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-08 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of photovoltaic cell intelligent position detection and feedback control apparatus for correcting |
| CN108803679A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-13 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | The maximum generating watt angleonly tracking method and controller of two-sided photovoltaic module |
| CN110061681A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-07-26 | 内蒙古能源规划设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of desert photovoltaic power station system |
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2016
- 2016-07-21 CN CN201620772963.8U patent/CN205945621U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106026882A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-10-12 | 黄山睿基新能源股份有限公司 | Group control system of intelligent sun tracker |
| CN106026882B (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2018-02-27 | 黄山睿基新能源股份有限公司 | A kind of group control system of intelligent sun tracker |
| CN108011589A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-08 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of photovoltaic cell intelligent position detection and feedback control apparatus for correcting |
| CN108011589B (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2023-09-29 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Photovoltaic cell intelligent position detection and feedback control correcting device |
| CN108803679A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-13 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | The maximum generating watt angleonly tracking method and controller of two-sided photovoltaic module |
| CN108803679B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2021-11-12 | 合肥仁洁智能科技有限公司 | Maximum power generation amount angle tracking method and controller for double-sided photovoltaic module |
| CN110061681A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-07-26 | 内蒙古能源规划设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of desert photovoltaic power station system |
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