CN111927342B - Automatic elevator for sucker rod in oil field well repairing operation and use method - Google Patents

Automatic elevator for sucker rod in oil field well repairing operation and use method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111927342B
CN111927342B CN202011073476.XA CN202011073476A CN111927342B CN 111927342 B CN111927342 B CN 111927342B CN 202011073476 A CN202011073476 A CN 202011073476A CN 111927342 B CN111927342 B CN 111927342B
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China
Prior art keywords
elevator
bevel gear
stepping motor
sucker rod
box body
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CN202011073476.XA
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CN111927342A (en
Inventor
岳吉祥
商玉梅
程鸣
何坤元
满善平
郭新军
张兴明
张国柱
周扬理
安然
朱文玉
綦耀光
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Shengli Oilfield Kangbei Petroleum Engineering & Equipment Co ltd
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Shengli Oilfield Kangbei Petroleum Engineering & Equipment Co ltd
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Publication of CN111927342A publication Critical patent/CN111927342A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/02Rod or cable suspensions
    • E21B19/06Elevators, i.e. rod- or tube-gripping devices

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum workover treatment devices and methods, in particular to an automatic elevator for an oil field workover treatment sucker rod and a using method thereof. The technical scheme is as follows: the upper part of the big bevel gear is meshed with the small bevel gear, the lower part of the big bevel gear drives the jaws, and the stepping motor drives the jaws to advance and retreat through the transmission of the small bevel gear and the big bevel gear; the inductive sensor is arranged on the lower surface of the elevator box body; the elevator box body is arranged on a lifting ring through a lifting hook, and the elevator end cover is connected with the elevator box body through a bolt. The beneficial effects are that: the clamping of the push-bearing surface shoulder of the sucker rod is completed by the clamping jaw, and the automation of the elevator is realized by using the inductive sensor; the efficiency of well workover operation is improved, workman's intensity of labour has been alleviateed, workman's personal safety has been guaranteed, has realized the change from man-machine cooperative operation to automation, intellectuality.

Description

Automatic elevator for sucker rod in oil field well repairing operation and use method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum workover treatment devices and methods, in particular to an automatic elevator for an oil field workover treatment sucker rod and a using method thereof.
Background
At present, in the oil field well repairing operation process in China, the well mouth operation is still mainly performed by workers manually, and is heavy and dangerous labor. Therefore, a plurality of wellhead operation automation devices appear in China, the elevator is an important component of the automatic workover operation device, and the realization of elevator automation is one of main signs for realizing mechanization and automation of wellhead operation. The elevator is an important device for lifting and lowering oil pipes and sucker rods in the well drilling and repairing operation, and the performance of the elevator directly influences the efficiency and the safety of the well drilling and repairing operation. When an oil pipe and an oil pumping rod are lifted and lowered in the traditional well drilling and repairing operation, a construction process that two manual elevators are switched in turn is mainly adopted, and the construction process needs a series of repeated actions of picking, moving, hanging and the like on the elevators by field operators continuously. Although traditional manual elevator simple structure needs manual repeatability to operate, and intensity of labour is big, and easy operability error that takes place in the course of the work, has the potential safety hazard, and secondly this kind of traditional elevator is manual operation, and is automatic, intelligent degree low, serious hindrance the development of the automation of drilling and repairing well operation well head operation and intellectuality.
At the present stage, some power slips are already available in domestic markets, the operation process of 'hanging and clamping' is realized, and a series of actions of repeatedly carrying and hanging the elevator and the hanging ring by wellhead workers are omitted, so that the labor intensity of the workers is reduced. However, unmanned and automatic wellhead operation is not achieved completely, and existing power elevators in the market only aim at lifting and lowering oil pipes, and the elevators automatically lifting and lowering sucker rods are difficult to find in the market. Therefore, it is very important to design an integrated elevator, which can complete the tripping of oil pipes and oil pumping rods, greatly improve the working efficiency, reduce the labor intensity of workers, and realize the leap of minor repair operation from man-machine cooperative operation to automation and intellectualization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the automatic elevator of the oil field workover sucker rod and the using method thereof, aiming at the defects in the prior art, realizing the accurate clamping of the sucker rod, improving the working efficiency, reducing the labor intensity of workers and having important significance for realizing the automation and the intellectualization of the workover.
The invention provides an automatic elevator of an oil field workover sucker rod, which adopts the technical scheme that: the elevator comprises an elevator end cover, a small helical gear, a large bevel gear, an elevator box body, a stepping motor, a jaw, an adjustable support, a direct current power supply, a stepping motor controller, a lifting hook, a position sensor, a stepping motor driver and an induction type sensor, wherein the stepping motor, the direct current power supply, the large bevel gear, the small helical gear and the jaw form a transmission executing mechanism; the control system consists of a stepping motor driver, a stepping motor controller, a position sensor and an induction type sensor, wherein the position sensor is arranged on the adjustable support, and the induction type sensor is arranged on the lower surface of the elevator box body; step motor, step motor driver, step motor controller pass through the bolt and are connected with the elevator end cover, DC power supply installs the upper surface at the elevator end cover, the elevator box passes through the lifting hook and installs on rings, the elevator end cover passes through the bolt and is connected with the elevator box.
Preferably, the bevel pinion gear is connected to the output shaft of the stepping motor by a flat key and is internally meshed with the bevel pinion gear.
Preferably, the large bevel gear is arranged in the elevator box body and is coaxially matched with the elevator box body, the lower end face of the large bevel gear is provided with a wire coiling plane thread and is meshed with the wire coiling plane thread of the jaw at the lower end of the large bevel gear, and the jaw can be driven to move by the rotation of the large bevel gear.
Preferably, the jaw is mounted in a slot at the lower end of the elevator case and is movable in a radial direction, and the upper surface is engaged with the lower end surface of the bevel gear by a screw.
Preferably, the adjustable support is mounted on the lower surface of the elevator box, the position sensor is mounted on the adjustable support and is in threaded fit with the elevator box, and when the elevator descends to the position sensor and contacts with the working surface of the slip, the position sensor acts to stop the elevator at a set position.
Preferably, when the oil pumping pipe is transported to the upper part of a well mouth from the catwalk, the slip is driven by the hook and the lifting ring to move downwards, when the oil pumping rod enters the elevator, the induction type sensor is triggered, the induction type sensor transmits a signal to the stepping motor controller, the stepping motor controller sends a signal to the stepping motor driver after triggering, and the stepping motor driver converts a high current signal required by the stepping motor to drive the stepping motor to operate.
Preferably, the stepping motor operates to drive the small bevel gear at the tail end of the output shaft to rotate, the small bevel gear is meshed with the large bevel gear in an inner meshing mode, and the large bevel gear can be driven to rotate through the rotation of the small bevel gear.
Preferably, the lower end face of the big bevel gear is provided with a wire coiling plane thread, the big bevel gear is matched with a clamping jaw at the lower end of the big bevel gear through the wire coiling plane thread, and the rotation of the big bevel gear can drive the clamping jaw to move towards the center to complete the clamping of a shoulder of a thrust surface of the sucker rod, so that the sucker rod is buckled up.
Preferably, after the action of screwing up the sucker rod is finished, the screwing-down clamp on the sucker rod moves towards the direction far away from the well head, the slips are opened, and the slip is driven by the hook and the hanging ring to move downwards; when the position sensor contacts the slips, a signal is sent to brake the hook; the slips are closed to clamp the sucker rod, the stepping motor rotates reversely, and the elevator motion process is opposite to the process of clamping the sucker rod by the elevator; after the jack catch moves a specified distance in the direction away from the wellhead, the stepping motor stops moving, and the hook and the hanging ring drive the elevator to move upwards to prepare for the next period of movement.
The invention provides a using method of an automatic elevator of an oil field well workover sucker rod, which comprises the following steps:
the elevator is arranged on the lifting ring through the lifting hook; when the oil pumping pipe is conveyed to the position above a well head from the catwalk by 90-degree turnover of the turnover vertical catwalk, the slip is driven by the hook and the hanging ring to move downwards, when the oil pumping rod enters the elevator, the induction type sensor is triggered, the induction type sensor transmits a signal to the stepping motor controller, the stepping motor controller sends a signal to the stepping motor driver after triggering, and the signal is converted into a strong current signal required by the stepping motor driver to drive the stepping motor to operate; the stepping motor operates to drive the small bevel gear at the tail end of the output shaft to rotate, the small bevel gear is internally meshed with the big bevel gear, and the big bevel gear can be driven to rotate through the rotation of the small bevel gear; the lower end face of the big bevel gear is provided with threads, the big bevel gear is matched with a jaw at the lower end of the big bevel gear through the threads, and the rotation of the big bevel gear can drive the jaw to move towards the center to finish the clamping of a shoulder of a thrust surface of the sucker rod so as to carry out the upper buckling action of the sucker rod;
after the screwing-on action of the sucker rod is completed, the screwing-off pliers on the sucker rod move towards the direction far away from the well mouth, the slips are opened, and the slip is driven by the hook and the lifting ring to move downwards; when the position sensor contacts the slips, a signal is sent to brake the hook; the slips are closed to clamp the sucker rod, the stepping motor rotates reversely, and the elevator motion process is opposite to the process of clamping the sucker rod by the elevator; after the jack catch moves a specified distance in the direction away from the wellhead, the stepping motor stops moving, and the hook and the hanging ring drive the elevator to move upwards to prepare for the next period of movement.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the clamping of the pushing surface shoulder of the sucker rod is completed by adopting the clamping jaws, and the automation of the elevator is realized by using the induction type sensor; the system has important effects on improving the well repairing operation efficiency, reducing the labor intensity of workers, ensuring the personal safety of the workers and realizing the conversion from man-machine cooperative operation to automation and intellectualization; the invention is also suitable for the automatic lifting action of the oil pipe, and can clamp the oil pipe and the sucker rod by replacing the clamping jaws aiming at the oil pipes and the sucker rods with different sizes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a 1/4 partial sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the process of clamping a sucker rod and a partial enlargement of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the power transmission of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the bull bevel gear of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the jaw configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the present invention operating in conjunction with a power slip;
in the upper diagram: the elevator comprises an elevator end cover 1, a bevel pinion 2, a bevel pinion 3, an elevator box 4, a stepping motor 5, a jaw 6, an adjustable support 7, a direct current power supply 8, a stepping motor controller 9, a lifting hook 10, a position sensor 11, a stepping motor driver 12 and an induction type sensor 13.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Embodiment 1, with reference to fig. 1-2, the automatic elevator for the sucker rod in the oilfield workover operation, provided by the invention, comprises an elevator end cover 1, a small helical gear 2, a large helical gear 3, an elevator box 4, a stepping motor 5, a jaw 6, an adjustable support 7, a direct current power supply 8, a stepping motor controller 9, a hook 10, a position sensor 11, a stepping motor driver 12, and an induction type sensor 13, wherein the stepping motor 5, the direct current power supply 8, the large helical gear 3, the small helical gear 2, and the jaw 6 form a transmission execution mechanism, the upper part of the large helical gear 3 is meshed with the small helical gear 2, the lower part of the large helical gear drives the jaw 6 through a wire coiling plane thread, and the stepping motor 5 drives a plurality of jaws 6 to advance and retreat through the small helical gear; a control system consisting of a stepping motor driver 12, a stepping motor controller 9, a position sensor 11 and an induction type sensor 13 realizes the remote control of slips automation/operation workers; the position sensor 11 is arranged on the adjustable support 7, and the inductive sensor 13 is arranged on the lower surface of the elevator box body 4; step motor 5, step motor driver 12, step motor controller 9 pass through the bolt and are connected with elevator end cover 1, DC power supply 8 installs the upper surface at elevator end cover 1, elevator box 4 passes through lifting hook 10 and installs on rings, elevator end cover 1 passes through the bolt and is connected with elevator box 4.
The bevel pinion 2 is connected with the output shaft of the stepping motor 5 through a flat key and is internally meshed with the bevel pinion 3. The large bevel gear 3 is arranged in the elevator box body 4 and is coaxially matched with the elevator box body 4, the lower end face of the large bevel gear 3 is provided with a wire coiling plane thread and is meshed with the wire coiling plane thread of a jaw 6 at the lower end of the large bevel gear 3, and the jaw 6 can be driven to move by the rotation of the large bevel gear 3. The jaws 6 are mounted in slots in the lower end of the elevator car 4 and are radially movable, with the upper surface being threadedly engaged with the lower end surface of the bevel bull gear 3. The adjustable support 7 is mounted on the lower surface of the elevator box body 4, the position sensor 11 is mounted on the adjustable support 7 and is in threaded fit with the elevator box body 4, and when the elevator descends to the position sensor 11 and contacts with the working surface of the slip, the position sensor 11 acts to enable the elevator to accurately stop at a set position.
Referring to fig. 3, the elevator of the invention is installed on a lifting ring through a lifting hook 10, when an oil pumping pipe is transported to the upper part of a well mouth from a catwalk by 90-degree turnover of a turnover vertical catwalk, a slip is driven by a big hook and the lifting ring to move downwards, when the oil pumping pipe enters the elevator, an induction type sensor 13 is triggered, the induction type sensor 13 transmits a signal to a stepping motor controller 9, the stepping motor controller 9 sends out a signal to a stepping motor driver 12 after triggering, and the stepping motor driver 12 converts a strong current signal required by the stepping motor 5 to drive the stepping motor 5 to operate.
Referring to fig. 4, the stepping motor 5 operates to drive the bevel pinion 2 at the end of the output shaft to rotate, the bevel pinion 2 is internally meshed with the bevel pinion 3, and the bevel pinion 3 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the bevel pinion 2.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, a spiral plane thread is arranged on the lower end face of the large bevel gear 3, the large bevel gear 3 is matched with the jaw 6 at the lower end of the large bevel gear 3 through the spiral plane thread, and the rotation of the large bevel gear 3 can drive the jaw 6 to move towards the center to complete the clamping of the shoulder of the thrust surface of the sucker rod, so that the sucker rod is buckled. The spiral thread plane thread has a self-locking function, so that the safety of the hoisting clamp is ensured; meanwhile, the clamping force increasing function is achieved, and safety of the elevator is further improved.
Referring to fig. 7, after the action of screwing up the sucker rod is completed, the screwing-down clamp on the sucker rod moves towards the direction far away from the well head, the slips are opened, and the slip is driven by the hook and the hanging ring to move downwards; when the position sensor 11 contacts the slips, a signal is sent to brake the hook; the slips are closed to clamp the sucker rod, the stepping motor 5 rotates reversely, and the elevator motion process is opposite to the process of clamping the sucker rod by the elevator; after the jack catch 6 moves a specified distance in the direction away from the wellhead, the stepping motor 5 stops moving, and the hook and the hanging ring drive the elevator to move upwards to prepare for the next period of movement.
The big bevel gear 3 can rotate to bring the claws 6 to completely withdraw from the elevator box body 4, so the claws 6 with different sizes can be replaced to complete the grabbing of the push-bearing surface shoulders of the sucker rods with different diameters. The height of the adjustable support 7 is adjustable, the height of the adjustable support 7 can be adjusted according to sucker rods with different sizes so as to realize accurate matching of the elevator and the power slip and realize clamping action of the sucker rods. The adjustable support 7 is provided with a position sensor 11, the lower surface of the elevator box body 4 is provided with an induction type sensor 13, and the position of the sucker rod is sensed when the sucker rod is lifted and the sucker rod is lowered respectively, so that the operation process is controlled.
The elevator does not need to be led in by a hydraulic or strong electric pipeline, the follow-up of the hydraulic or strong electric pipeline is avoided, and the safety is improved. The stepping motor controller 9 has a remote control function, and meanwhile, the elevator is provided with the direct-current power supply 8, so that the power transmission system is driven. Therefore, the elevator does not need to be introduced by a hydraulic or strong electric pipeline. The clamping jaw 6 can be replaced quickly to meet the operation requirements of sucker rods with different dimensions and specifications; 3 clamping jaws 6 jointly clamp the sucker rod; the upper part of the clamping jaw 6 is consistent with the shoulder shape of the pushing and bearing surface, so that the clamping is ensured to be stable.
The invention provides a using method of an automatic elevator of an oil field well workover sucker rod, which comprises the following steps:
the elevator provided by the invention is arranged on the lifting ring through the lifting hook 10; when the oil pumping pipe is conveyed to the position above a well head from the catwalk by 90-degree turnover of the turnover vertical catwalk, the slip is driven by the hook and the hanging ring to move downwards, when the oil pumping rod enters the elevator, the induction type sensor 13 is triggered, the induction type sensor 13 transmits a signal to the stepping motor controller 9, the stepping motor controller 9 sends out a signal to the stepping motor driver 12 after triggering, and the signal is converted into a strong current signal required by the stepping motor 5 in the stepping motor driver 12 to drive the stepping motor 5 to operate; the step motor 5 operates to drive the small bevel gear 2 at the tail end of the output shaft to rotate, the small bevel gear 2 is internally meshed with the big bevel gear 3, and the big bevel gear 3 can be driven to rotate by the rotation of the small bevel gear 2; the lower end face of the big bevel gear 3 is provided with threads, the big bevel gear 3 is matched with a jaw 6 at the lower end of the big bevel gear 3 through the threads, and the rotation of the big bevel gear 3 can drive the jaw 6 to move towards the center to finish the clamping of a shoulder of a thrust surface of the sucker rod so as to carry out the upper buckling action of the sucker rod;
after the screwing-on action of the sucker rod is completed, the screwing-off pliers on the sucker rod move towards the direction far away from the well mouth, the slips are opened, and the slip is driven by the hook and the lifting ring to move downwards; when the position sensor 11 contacts the slips, a signal is sent to brake the hook; the slips are closed to clamp the sucker rod, the stepping motor 5 rotates reversely, and the elevator motion process is opposite to the process of clamping the sucker rod by the elevator; after the jack catch 6 moves a specified distance in the direction away from the wellhead, the stepping motor 5 stops moving, and the hook and the hanging ring drive the elevator to move upwards to prepare for the next period of movement.
The pumping rod is driven reversely, so it is not described herein.
The automatic elevator of the sucker rod for oilfield workover operation only needs to replace the claw 6 of the corresponding gear, and is also suitable for the lifting action of an oil pipe.
The above description is only a few of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art may modify the above-described embodiments or modify them into equivalent ones. Therefore, any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made in accordance with the technical solution of the present invention are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides an automatic elevator of oil field workover sucker rod, characterized by: the elevator comprises an elevator end cover (1), a small bevel gear (2), a large bevel gear (3), an elevator box body (4), a stepping motor (5), a jaw (6), an adjustable support (7), a direct current power supply (8), a stepping motor controller (9), a lifting hook (10), a position sensor (11), a stepping motor driver (12) and an induction type sensor (13), wherein the stepping motor (5), the direct current power supply (8), the large bevel gear (3), the small bevel gear (2) and the jaw (6) form a transmission executing mechanism, the upper part of the large bevel gear (3) is meshed with the small bevel gear (2), the lower part of the large bevel gear (3) drives the jaw (6) through a wire coiling plane thread, and the stepping motor (5) drives a plurality of jaws (6) to advance and retreat through the small bevel gear (2); a control system consists of a stepping motor driver (12), a stepping motor controller (9), a position sensor (11) and an inductive sensor (13), wherein the position sensor (11) is installed on an adjustable support (7), and the inductive sensor (13) is installed on the lower surface of an elevator box body (4); the elevator is characterized in that the stepping motor (5), the stepping motor driver (12) and the stepping motor controller (9) are connected with the elevator end cover (1) through bolts, the direct-current power supply (8) is installed on the upper surface of the elevator end cover (1), the elevator box body (4) is installed on a lifting ring through a lifting hook (10), and the elevator end cover (1) is connected with the elevator box body (4) through bolts;
in addition, the following use processes are included:
the elevator is arranged on the lifting ring through a lifting hook (10); when the oil pumping pipe is conveyed to the position above a well head from the catwalk by 90-degree turnover of the turnover vertical catwalk, the slip is driven by the hook and the hanging ring to move downwards, when the oil pumping rod enters the elevator, the induction type sensor (13) is triggered, the induction type sensor (13) transmits a signal to the stepping motor controller (9), the stepping motor controller (9) sends a signal to the stepping motor driver (12) after triggering, the signal is converted into a strong current signal required by the stepping motor (5) by the stepping motor driver (12), and the stepping motor (5) is driven to operate; the stepping motor (5) operates to drive the small bevel gear (2) at the tail end of the output shaft to rotate, the small bevel gear (2) is internally meshed with the large bevel gear (3), and the large bevel gear (3) can be driven to rotate through the rotation of the small bevel gear (2); the lower end face of the big bevel gear (3) is provided with threads, the big bevel gear (3) is matched with a jaw (6) at the lower end of the big bevel gear (3) through the threads, and the rotation of the big bevel gear (3) can drive the jaw (6) to move towards the center to complete the clamping of a shoulder of a thrust surface of the sucker rod, so that the sucker rod is buckled up;
after the screwing-on action of the sucker rod is completed, the screwing-off pliers on the sucker rod move towards the direction far away from the well mouth, the slips are opened, and the slip is driven by the hook and the lifting ring to move downwards; when the position sensor (11) contacts the slips, a signal is sent to brake the hook; the slips are closed to clamp the sucker rod, the stepping motor (5) rotates reversely, and the motion process of the elevator is opposite to the process of clamping the sucker rod by the elevator; after the jack catch (6) moves a specified distance in the direction far away from the wellhead, the stepping motor (5) stops moving, and the hook and the lifting ring drive the elevator to move upwards to prepare for the next period of movement.
2. The automatic elevator of sucker rod for oil field well repairing operation as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the bevel pinion (2) is connected with an output shaft of the stepping motor (5) through a flat key and is internally meshed with the bevel pinion (3).
3. The automatic elevator of sucker rod for oil field well repairing operation as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the large bevel gear (3) is arranged in the elevator box body (4) and is coaxially matched with the elevator box body (4), the lower end face of the large bevel gear (3) is provided with a wire coiling plane thread and is meshed with the wire coiling plane thread of a clamping jaw (6) at the lower end of the large bevel gear (3), and the rotation of the large bevel gear (3) can drive the clamping jaw (6) to move.
4. The automatic elevator of sucker rod for oil field well repairing operation as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the clamping jaws (6) are installed in clamping grooves at the lower end of the elevator box body (4) and can move along the radial direction, and the upper surfaces of the clamping jaws are matched with the lower end surface of the bevel gear (3) through threads.
5. The automatic elevator of sucker rod for oil field well repairing operation as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the adjustable support (7) is installed on the lower surface of the elevator box body (4), the position sensor (11) is installed on the adjustable support (7) and is matched with the elevator box body (4) through threads, and when the elevator descends to the position sensor (11) to be in contact with the working surface of the slip, the position sensor (11) acts to enable the elevator to stop at the set position.
CN202011073476.XA 2020-10-10 2020-10-10 Automatic elevator for sucker rod in oil field well repairing operation and use method Active CN111927342B (en)

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CN112302547B (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-09 中国石油大学胜利学院 Automatic elevator of sucker rod capable of realizing automatic alignment function and use method

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