CN210977348U - An automatic make-up and break-out device for oil workover - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical solution relates to the technical field of petroleum machinery, in particular to an automatic make-up and break-out device for oil well workover, including an operation platform, a tubing guide rail, a blowout preventer, a support platform, slips, a centralizing mechanism, a control box, a buffer mechanism and a full The automatic oil pipe wrench, the operation platform and the oil pipe guide rail are fixed on the ground, the blowout preventer is fixed to the support platform, the slips are located inside the support platform, the centering mechanism, the control box and the buffer mechanism are all located on the support platform, and the automatic oil pipe clamp is fixed connected to the buffer mechanism. This technical solution has a reasonable structure design. The position sensor on the upper part of the automatic oil pipe wrench is used to solve the problem of the automatic alignment of the oil pipe wrench; the use of the oil pipe guide rail and the righting mechanism solves the problem of the operator handling the elevator, manually stabilizing the oil pipe and the oil pipe docking problem, reducing the It reduces the workload of operators, liberates production labor, improves work efficiency and safety, and is especially suitable for automatic make-up and break-out devices for oil workovers, and has a good prospect of popularization and application.

Description

An automatic make-up and break-out device for oil workover

technical field

The technical solution relates to the technical field of petroleum machinery, in particular to an automatic make-up and break-out device for oil well workover.

Background technique

In the field of petroleum machinery, workover operation is an important means to ensure the normal production of oil wells, and it is also an important work content for operators. During the workover process, a large number of oil pipes need to be pulled out and lowered into the oil well, among which the action of making and breaking the oil pipes is one of the most labor-intensive tasks for operators. When buckled, because the oil pipe is always in a tilted state during the process of being hoisted by the elevator, when the oil pipe is separated from the ground, due to the motion inertia of the object, the oil pipe will shake, and the operator will block the tail of the oil pipe with his body. In order to reduce the shaking degree of the oil pipe, it increases the physical burden of the operator; the traditional oil pipe wrench is suspended in the air when it is idle. The position of the wellhead of the oil well, and then start to make and unload. Because the jaw frame, the large gear and the casing cannot automatically align the gap, the oil pipe cannot come out smoothly after entering, and the operator needs to align the gap frequently based on experience; When you reach out and operate the jaws, it is very easy to bite your fingers at the engagement position of the jaws; and in the actual work site, a wire rope is often tied between the tail of the back tong of the tubing tong and the derrick to prevent the back tong from shattering on the main tong. Rotation occurs under the reverse torque formed in the process, but after a long-term severe impact force, the wire rope is prone to sudden breakage and thrown out, and workers will be injured by the wire rope if they do not dodge in time; In the shackle work, the operator needs to manually move the elevators frequently. Each elevator usually needs two workers to move together. To operate a tubing make-up or shackle, at least two elevators need to be moved; The make-up and breakout work is carried out beside the wellhead of the oil well. Due to the unstable factors in the underground environment, the wellhead sometimes blows out, so it is very dangerous for the operator to stand at the wellhead; because the oil pipe is mainly suspended by the wire rope on the derrick, and the oil well The concentricity error is large, so when the tubing is docked with the coupling, it is prone to misalignment and the inclination of the docking due to the shaking of the tubing. In summary, the traditional oil workover operation has low safety factor and high labor intensity. , time-consuming and low-efficiency problems.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide an automatic make-up and break-out device for oil workover in order to overcome the above-mentioned technical shortcomings. Using the tubing guide rail, both the tubing and the elevator can slide up or down along the arc slide. This process can reduce the direct contact between the operator and the tubing, and also reduce the labor of the operator to manually move the elevator, and improve the operation. The safety of personnel at work; using the telescopic function of the No. 1 and No. 2 cylinders of the centralizing mechanism, the card body can be quickly pushed out, and the bracket can also be rotated, so that the card body can catch and stabilize the oil pipe at a distant position or Elevator; when the No. 1 cylinder keeps the retracted state and the No. 2 cylinder pushes out the card body, the center of the card body at this time is concentric with the oil well. The two rectangular plates of the card body are expanded. Even if the oil pipe or elevator shakes from side to side after being thrown out and a positional deviation is formed, the rectangular plate of the card body can Catch it, and the oil pipe can slide into the semi-cylindrical cavity of the card body. The annular magnet and elastic plunger ball head inside the semi-cylinder can not only attract the oil pipe by magnetic force, but also rely on the ball head resistance to prevent the oil pipe from escaping at will. The function of double stabilizing the oil pipe solves the problem of the oil pipe swinging at will; the distance of the automatic oil pipe wrench can be quickly detected by the travel switch, and the oil cylinder pushes the slide plate to slide. When the automatic oil pipe wrench on the slide plate is concentric with the oil well, the oil cylinder stops working. Therefore, the operator does not need to manually push and pull the oil pipe wrench to move; using the position sensor, the number of turns of the oil pipe can be detected, and the oil pipe wrench can be controlled to reverse the gap, so as to solve the problem that the oil pipe wrench cannot automatically adjust the gap; using the operation Platform, the operator can stand on the operation platform and work away from the wellhead; using the control box, the No. 1 cylinder, slips, oil cylinder, travel switch, proximity switch, automatic tubing wrench, position sensor and No. 2 can be controlled in working order. The cylinder realizes the intelligent make-up and unloading action, reduces the workload of the operator to a great extent, and liberates the production labor force.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is as follows: an automatic make-up and break-out device for oil well workover, comprising an operation platform, an oil pipe guide rail, a blowout preventer, slips and an automatic oil pipe wrench, and the upper thread of the blowout preventer is threaded. A support platform is connected, and the bottom of the blowout preventer is fixed at the wellhead of the oil well and is concentric with the oil well. The operation platform and the oil pipe guide rail are both fixed on the ground. The operation platform consists of a step board, a handrail and a standing platform. The oil pipe guide rail From bottom to top, it is composed of a lower frame, an arc-shaped slideway and an upper leg. The diameter of the arc-shaped slideway is larger than the diameter of the oil pipe, which is convenient for the oil pipe to slide on the upper surface of the arc-shaped slideway. The upper leg of the oil pipe guide rail is fixed on the support platform. Above; the supporting platform is composed of a bottom plate, four short inclined rods, two long inclined rods and a top plate in order from bottom to top, and the four short inclined rods and the two long inclined rods are located between the bottom plate and the top plate The bottom plate and the top plate are fixedly connected, the slips are located on the bottom plate and are threadedly connected to the bottom plate, and the slips are located between the bottom plate and the top plate. There are oil cylinder, linear guide slider, centralizing mechanism, control box and travel switch in sequence on the right; the centralizing mechanism, control box and travel switch are all located on the same side of the top plate. The frame, a bracket, a No. 1 cylinder, a proximity switch, a No. 2 cylinder and a card body are composed. The I-frame is hinged with the No. 1 cylinder, and the proximity switch is fixed at the middle position of the lower side of the bracket. The No. 1 cylinder is hinged and connected with the No. 2 cylinder by thread, the No. 2 cylinder is threaded with the card body, and the card body pushed out by the No. 2 cylinder at the maximum working stroke is concentric with the oil well; Push button and emergency stop button, the display screen has the functions of operation display and fault display. When the system fails and the operator's operation process reaches a certain step, the display screen can prompt if the equipment occurs during the workover process. In case of failure, the operator can suspend the work of all equipment by pressing the emergency stop button, which is convenient for timely maintenance; there is a sliding plate threaded on the linear guide slider, the oil cylinder has the function of pushing and pulling the sliding plate, and the linear guide slider can reduce the force of the cylinder to push the sliding plate , the slide plate is connected with a buffer mechanism and a support rod in sequence from left to right; the buffer mechanism is composed of a gantry frame, a spring hanger, a universal joint, a transmission screw and a handwheel from bottom to top. The horizontal bar can prevent the spring hanger from swinging to the outside when it is idle and avoid unnecessary collisions. The drive screw is screwed with the gantry frame and the universal joint, and is fixedly connected with the handwheel. The spring hanger is connected with the universal joint. Fixed connection, the operator turns the handwheel, and the handwheel drives the drive screw to rotate, which can raise or lower the height of the spring hanger, which is convenient to adjust the height of the spring hanger according to different usage conditions; there are three support rods and the upper Both are fixedly connected with the fully automatic oil pipe wrench. Two position sensors are installed on the automatic oil pipe wrench. One of the position sensors senses the number of turns of the oil pipe when it is tightened, and the other position sensor senses the rotation of the oil pipe. The number of turns the oil pipe rotates when shattering, the top of the automatic oil pipe wrench is fixedly connected with the spring hanger, so the buffer mechanism not only has a certain lifting effect on the main tong of the automatic oil pipe wrench, but also has a certain effect on the Buffering effect when subjected to externally applied loads, the support rod plays the role of supporting the automatic oil pipe wrench; the oil cylinder, slips, automatic oil pipe wrench, No. 1 cylinder, No. 2 cylinder, travel switch, proximity switch and position sensor are all related to The control box is electrically connected, and there is a numerical control integrated system inside the control box, which can accurately receive and control the signals and actions of the oil cylinder, slips, automatic oil pipe wrench, No. 1 cylinder, No. 2 cylinder, travel switch, proximity switch and position sensor.

Further, the card body is welded by a semi-cylinder and two rectangular plates to form a fan shape, and the card body is built with a ring magnet and four elastic plunger balls, and the shape structure of the card body can catch the shaking in a wide range. The oil pipe, the annular magnet inside the card body and the elastic plunger ball head can not only attract the oil pipe by magnetic force, but also rely on the ball head resistance to prevent the oil pipe from escaping at will, and play the role of double jamming the oil pipe.

Further, a large through hole is provided at the inner center of the bottom plate, and the large through hole is used for the smooth passage of the oil pipe and the coupling.

Further, the axis of the arc-shaped slideway, the axis of the slip and the axis of the semi-cylinder of the card body are all on the same vertical plane, which can ensure that the oil pipe thrown out through the arc-shaped slideway can be smoothly stuck inside the card body. , and it can also ensure that the oil pipe stuck in the card body can pass through the slip cavity smoothly.

Further, the series of buttons for making up actions are composed of a make-up start button, a lift-up oil pipe button, an oil pipe jog-down button, a make-up button, a cylinder button and an elevator slide down stop button. Press the make-up start button, and the control box The internal system is switched to the top-up control system, and the rest of the buttons are the top-up action buttons. The top-up action button is divided into five parts, which is helpful for the operator to judge whether it is suitable to start the next top-up action according to the actual working conditions of the work site. .

Further, the shackle action series buttons are composed of a shackle start button, an oil pipe lifting button, an oil pipe sliding stop button, an elevator sliding and lifting button, and an elevator descending button. The system switches to the shackle control system, and the rest of the buttons are shackle action buttons. The shackle action button is divided into four parts, which is helpful for the operator to judge whether it is suitable to start the next shackle action according to the actual working conditions of the work site.

The beneficial effects of the technical solution are: the technical solution has a reasonable mechanism design, and the use of the oil pipe guide rail can reduce the direct contact between the operator and the oil pipe, and also reduce the labor of the operator to manually move the elevator; the use of the righting mechanism can solve the problem. The problem of oil pipe swinging; using the annular magnet and elastic plunger ball inside the card body, it can not only rely on the magnetic force to attract the oil pipe, but also rely on the resistance of the ball head to prevent the oil pipe from escaping at will, which plays the role of double stabilizing the oil pipe; using the oil cylinder, The sliding plate and the travel switch can solve the problem that the operator manually pushes and pulls the oil pipe wrench to move; using the position sensor and the control box, it can solve the problem that the oil pipe wrench cannot automatically adjust the gap, realize the intelligent make-up and unloading action, and reduce the number of operators to a large extent. It can reduce the workload and liberate the production labor force, and is especially suitable for the automatic make-up and break-up device for oil workover, and has a good prospect of popularization and application.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the utility model.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil pipe guide rail.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an operation platform.

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the support platform.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the righting mechanism.

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the card body.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the buffer mechanism.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control box.

Icons: 1-Operating Platform; 1-1-Step Board; 1-2-Handrail; 1-3-Standing Platform; 2-Blowout Preventer; 3-Tube Guide Rail; 3-1-Lower Frame; 3-2- Curved slideway; 3-3-upper legs; 4-support platform; 4-1-bottom plate; 4-2-short inclined rod; 4-3-long inclined rod; 4-4-top plate; 5-slip ;6-slide plate;7-oil cylinder;8-support rod;9-automatic oil pipe wrench;9-1-position sensor;10-buffer mechanism;10-1-gantry;10-2-spring hanger;10- 3-Universal joint; 10-4-Transmission screw; 10-5-Hand wheel; 11-Centring mechanism; 11-1-Hinged joint; 11-2-I-frame; 11-3-No.1 cylinder; 11-4-Proximity switch; 11-5-Bracket; 11-6-No.2 cylinder; 11-7-Card body; 11-7-1-Semi-cylinder; 11-7-2-Rectangular plate; 11-7- 3-ring magnet; 11-7-4-elastic plunger ball head; 12-control box; 12-1-display; 12-2-makeup action series button; 12-3-shackle action series button;12 -4- emergency stop button; 13- linear guide slider; 14- travel switch.

Detailed ways

The present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawings 1 to 8 .

As shown in Figures 1 to 8, the utility model includes an operation platform 1, an oil pipe guide rail 3, a blowout preventer 2, slips 5 and a fully automatic oil pipe wrench 9, and a support platform 4 is threadedly connected to the top of the blowout preventer 2, The bottom of the blowout preventer 2 is fixed at the wellhead position of the oil well and is concentric with the oil well. The operation platform 15 and the oil pipe guide rail 3 are both fixed on the ground. The platform 15-3 is composed of the oil pipe guide rail 3, which is composed of a lower frame 3-1, an arc slideway 3-2 and an upper leg 3-3 in order from bottom to top. The diameter of the arc slideway 3-2 is larger than the diameter of the oil pipe. It is convenient for the oil pipe to slide on the upper surface of the arc-shaped slideway 3-2, and the upper leg 3-3 of the oil pipe guide rail 3 is fixed on the top of the support platform 4; the support platform 4 is composed of a bottom plate 4-1, four short The inclined rods 4-2, two long inclined rods 4-3 and a top plate 4-4 are composed, and the four short inclined rods 4-2 and the two long inclined rods 4-3 are located on the bottom plate 4-1 and the top plate 4-4 between and are fixedly connected with the bottom plate 4-1 and the top plate 4-4. The bottom plate 4-1 is screwed with slips 5. The slips 5 are located between the bottom plate 4-1 and the top plate 4-4. The injector 2 is concentric with the oil well 1, the top plate 4-4 is irregular in shape, and the top plate 4-4 is threadedly connected with the oil cylinder 7, the linear guide slider 13, the centering mechanism 11, the control box 12 and the travel switch in sequence from left to right. 14; The centralizing mechanism 11, the control box 12 and the travel switch 14 are all located on the same side of the top plate 4-4, and the centralizing mechanism 11 is composed of two hinge joints 11-1, an I-frame 11-2, and a bracket 11 in order from bottom to top. -5, a No. 1 cylinder 11-3, a proximity switch 11-4, a No. 2 cylinder 11-6 and a card body 11-7, the I-shaped frame 11-2 is hinged with the No. 1 cylinder 11-3, close to The switch 11-4 is fixed at the lower middle position of the bracket 11-5. The bracket 11-5 is hinged with the hinge joint 11-1 and the No. 1 cylinder 11-3 respectively, and is threadedly connected with the No. 2 cylinder 11-6. 6. Threaded connection with the card body 11-7, the card body 11-7 pushed out by the No. 2 cylinder 11-6 at the maximum working stroke is concentric with the oil well 1; the control box 12 includes the display screen 12-1, the button 12- 2. The shackle action series buttons 12-3 and emergency stop buttons 12-4, and the display screen 12-1 have the functions of operation display and fault display. When the system fails and the operator's operation process reaches a certain step, it can be The display screen 12-1 prompts that if the equipment fails during the workover process, the operator can press the emergency stop button 12-4 to suspend all equipment work, which is convenient for timely maintenance; the linear guide slider 13 is threadedly connected with a slide plate 6, The oil cylinder 7 has the function of pushing and pulling the sliding plate 6, and the linear guide slider 13 can reduce the force of the oil cylinder 7 to push the sliding plate 6. The sliding plate 6 is threadedly connected with a buffer mechanism 10 and a support rod 8 in sequence from left to right; From the top, the gantry frame 10-1, the spring hanger 10-2, the universal joint 10-3, the transmission screw 10-4 and the It is composed of hand wheel 10-5, and the gantry frame 10-1 is equipped with a horizontal bar on the outside, which can prevent the spring hanger 10-2 from swinging to the outside when it is idle and avoid unnecessary collision. -1 is screwed with the universal joint 10-3, fixedly connected with the handwheel 10-5, the spring hanger 10-2 is fixedly connected with the universal joint 10-3, the operator turns the handwheel 10-5, the handwheel 10-5 drives the drive screw 10-4 to rotate, which can raise or lower the height position of the spring hanger 10-2, which is convenient for adjusting the height of the spring hanger 10-2 according to different usage conditions; there are three support rods 8 and The top of it is fixedly connected with the automatic oil pipe wrench 9, and two position sensors 9-1 are installed on the automatic oil pipe wrench 9. A position sensor 9-1 senses the number of turns of the oil pipe when it is shackled. The top of the automatic oil pipe wrench 9 is fixedly connected with the spring hanger 10-2. Therefore, the buffer mechanism 10 has a certain degree of effect on the main clamp of the automatic oil pipe wrench 9. The lifting function also has a buffering effect on the automatic oil pipe wrench 9 when it is suddenly subjected to external loads. The support rod 8 plays the role of supporting the automatic oil pipe wrench 9; , No. 1 cylinder 11-3, No. 2 cylinder 11-6, travel switch 14, proximity switch 11-4 and position sensor 9-1 are all electrically connected to the control box 12. The control box 12 has a numerical control integrated system inside, which can accurately Receive and control the signals and actions of oil cylinder 7, slip 5, automatic oil pipe wrench 9, No. 1 cylinder 11-3, No. 2 cylinder 11-6, travel switch 14, proximity switch 11-4 and position sensor 9-1.

In this embodiment, the card body 11-7 is formed by welding a semi-cylinder 11-7-1 and two rectangular plates 11-7-2 into a fan shape, and a ring magnet 11-7-3 is built in the card body 11-7 And four elastic plunger ball heads 11-7-4, the shape of the card body 11-7 can catch the shaking oil pipe in a wide range, the ring magnet 11-7-3 inside the card body 11-7 and the elastic column The plug ball head 11-7-4 can not only rely on the magnetic force to attract the oil pipe, but also rely on the ball head resistance to prevent the oil pipe from escaping at will, and play the role of double jamming the oil pipe.

In this embodiment, a large through hole 4-1-1 is provided at the inner center of the bottom plate 4-1, and the large through hole 4-1-1 is used for smooth passage of oil pipes and couplings.

In this embodiment, the axis of the arc slide 3-2, the axis of the slip 5 and the axis of the semi-cylinder 11-7-1 of the card body 11-7 are all on the same vertical plane, which can ensure that the arc The oil pipe thrown out of the slideway 3-2 can be smoothly clamped into the card body 11-7, and it can also ensure that the oil pipe stuck in the card body 11-7 can pass through the slip 5 cavity smoothly.

In this embodiment, the button 12-2 of the button-up action series is composed of a button for button-up, a button for lifting the oil pipe, a button for jogging and lowering the pipe, a button for button-up, a button for a cylinder, and a button for stopping the elevator slide down. Start the button, the system in the control box is switched to the top-up control system, and the other buttons are the top-up action buttons. The top-up action button is divided into five parts, which is helpful for the operator to judge whether it is suitable for starting according to the actual working conditions of the work site. The next button-up action.

In this embodiment, the shackle action series buttons 12-3 are composed of a shackle start button, an oil pipe lifting button, an oil pipe sliding stop button, an elevator sliding and lifting button, and an elevator descending button. Press the shackle start button. , the system in the control box is switched to the shackle control system, and the rest of the buttons are the shackle action buttons. The shackle action button is divided into four parts, which is helpful for the operator to judge whether it is suitable to start the next operation according to the actual working conditions of the work site A shackle action.

When in use, the operator steps on the operation platform 15, presses the make-up start button or the shackle start button, the control signal inside the control box 12 is automatically adjusted to the make-up action system or the shackle action system, and the operator pushes the make-up action button or the shackle action system. According to the actual operating conditions of the site, the shackle action button can be pressed in sequence to realize a make-up action or shackle action of the tubing. If the equipment fails during the workover process, the operator can press the emergency stop button 12-4 to suspend all operations. Equipment work, equipment maintenance.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides an oil workover is with automatic device of breaking out of going up, includes operation platform, oil pipe guide rail, preventer, slips and full-automatic tubing tong, its characterized in that: the upper surface of the blowout preventer is in threaded connection with a supporting platform, the operating platform and the oil pipe guide rail are both fixed on the ground, the operating platform consists of a step plate, a handrail and a standing platform, the oil pipe guide rail consists of a lower frame, an arc-shaped slideway and an upper leg from bottom to top in sequence, and the upper leg of the oil pipe guide rail is fixed on the supporting platform; the supporting platform consists of a bottom plate, four short inclined rods, two long inclined rods and a top plate from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the four short inclined rods and the two long inclined rods are positioned between the bottom plate and the top plate and are fixedly connected with the bottom plate and the top plate; the slips are positioned on the bottom plate and are in threaded connection with the bottom plate, the slips and the blowout preventer are all concentric with the oil well, an oil cylinder, a linear guide rail sliding block, a centering mechanism, a control box and a travel switch are sequentially in threaded connection with the top plate from left to right, the centering mechanism is sequentially composed of two hinged joints, an I-shaped frame, a support, a first air cylinder, a proximity switch, a second air cylinder and a clamping body from bottom to top, the I-shaped frame is hinged with the first air cylinder, the proximity switch is fixed at the middle position of the lower side of the support, the support is respectively hinged with the hinged joints and the first air cylinder and is in threaded connection with the second air cylinder, and the second air cylinder is in threaded connection with; the control box comprises a display screen, a top-buckling action series button, a bottom-buckling action series button and an emergency stop button, a sliding plate is in threaded connection with the upper surface of the linear guide rail sliding block, and a buffer mechanism and a support rod are sequentially in threaded connection with the upper surface of the sliding plate from left to right; the buffer mechanism consists of a portal frame, a spring hanging cylinder, a universal connector, a transmission screw rod and a hand wheel from bottom to top in sequence, the transmission screw rod is respectively in threaded connection with the portal frame and the universal connector and is fixedly connected with the hand wheel, and the spring hanging cylinder is fixedly connected with the universal connector; the number of the support rods is three, the upper surfaces of the support rods are fixedly connected with the full-automatic oil pipe tongs, two position sensors are mounted on the full-automatic oil pipe tongs, and the top of the full-automatic oil pipe tongs is fixedly connected with the spring hanging cylinder; the oil cylinder, the slips, the full-automatic tubing tongs, the first air cylinder, the second air cylinder, the travel switch, the proximity switch and the position sensor are electrically connected with the control box.

2. The automated make-up and break-out apparatus for oil well intervention according to claim 1, wherein: the clamp body is in a fan shape by welding a semi-cylinder and two rectangular plates, and an annular magnet and four elastic plunger bulbs are arranged in the clamp body.

3. The automated make-up and break-out apparatus for oil well intervention according to claim 1, wherein: a large through hole is formed in the central position inside the bottom plate.

4. An automated make-up and break-out apparatus for oil well intervention according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the axis of the arc-shaped slide way, the axis of the slip and the axis of the semi-cylinder of the clamping body are all on the same vertical plane.

5. The automated make-up and break-out apparatus for oil well intervention according to claim 1, wherein: the upper buckle action series button consists of an upper buckle starting button, an oil pipe lifting button, an oil pipe inching descending button, an upper buckle button, an air cylinder button and an elevator gliding stopping button.

6. The automated make-up and break-out apparatus for oil well intervention according to claim 1, wherein: the shackle action series button consists of a shackle starting button, an oil pipe lifting button, an oil pipe downward sliding stop button, an elevator sliding lifting button and an elevator descending button.

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