CN109138896B

CN109138896B - Well repairing equipment

Info

Publication number: CN109138896B
Application number: CN201811126754.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘芳
Original assignee: Langfang Jinglong Heavy Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Hebei Jinglong Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-09-26
Filing date: 2018-09-26
Publication date: 2023-10-17
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-26
Also published as: CN109138896A

Abstract

The application provides well repair equipment, which comprises: a wellhead centering device for centering the blowout preventer assembly to a wellhead; the lifting device is movably arranged on the wellhead centering device and is used for lifting the tubular column; the turnbuckle device is arranged on the lifting device and is used for connecting or separating the two tubular columns; and the pipe hoop detector is used for detecting the position of the pipe column so as to position the pipe column. By the technical scheme provided by the application, the problems of high labor intensity and low production efficiency in workover operation in the prior art can be solved.

Description

Well repairing equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of petroleum equipment, in particular to well repair equipment.

Background

In the existing low-permeability oilfield oil and water well under-pressure workover operation, operations such as pipe lifting, ground oil pipe placement, buckling off and the like are needed, more manual intervention operation is needed in the whole process, and the problems of high labor intensity, low production efficiency and the like are solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides well repairing equipment for solving the problems of high labor intensity and low production efficiency of well repairing operation in the prior art.

In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a well repair apparatus comprising: a wellhead centering device for centering the blowout preventer assembly to a wellhead; the lifting device is movably arranged on the wellhead centering device and is used for lifting the tubular column; the turnbuckle device is arranged on the lifting device and is used for connecting or separating the two tubular columns; and the pipe hoop detector is used for detecting the position of the pipe column so as to position the pipe column.

Further, the turnbuckle device includes: the four-bar linkage mechanism is movably arranged on the wellhead centering device; the back-up clamp is arranged on the four-bar mechanism and is used for clamping a tubular column; the turnbuckle pliers are arranged on the four-bar mechanism and are used for rotating the other pipe column so as to connect or separate the other pipe column with the pipe column clamped by the back-up pliers in a threaded manner.

Further, the turnbuckle device further includes: the breaking clamp is arranged on the four-bar mechanism and is used for relatively rotating the two connected pipe columns by a certain angle so as to unscrew the two connected pipe columns.

Further, the turnbuckle device further includes: a rotational speed sensor and a torque sensor.

Further, the pipe clamp detector includes: the magnetic field generating part is used for generating a magnetic field, and the pipe column can penetrate into the magnetic field under the drive of the lifting device; and a detection unit electrically connected to the magnetic field generation unit, the detection unit being capable of detecting a change in the magnetic field to determine the position of the pipe string based on the change in the magnetic field.

Further, the well servicing equipment further comprises: the blowout preventer assembly is arranged on the wellhead centering device, and the pipe clamp detector is arranged at the lower part of the blowout preventer assembly.

Further, the wellhead centering device comprises: a support mechanism for connecting and supporting the blowout preventer assembly; the vertical moving mechanism is arranged on the supporting mechanism and is used for driving the blowout preventer assembly to move along the vertical surface; the horizontal moving mechanism is arranged on the vertical moving mechanism, and the vertical moving mechanism is used for driving the blowout preventer assembly to move along the horizontal plane.

Further, the lifting device includes: the telescopic mechanism comprises a telescopic part and a grabbing part for grabbing materials, the grabbing part is connected with the telescopic part, and the telescopic part can stretch to drive the grabbing part to move; the mast mechanism is used for supporting the telescopic mechanism and can be vertically arranged.

Further, the telescopic portion is provided along a length direction of the mast mechanism, the mast mechanism including: fixing the mast; a telescoping mast telescopically disposed in the fixed mast.

Further, the telescoping portion includes: the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the mast mechanism and can stretch and retract along the length direction of the mast mechanism; the lifting pulley block is arranged at the top of the hydraulic cylinder; and the pulling steel wire rope is wound on the pulling pulley block and connected with the grabbing part, and is used for pulling up the grabbing part.

Further, the workover rig still includes a transfer device, and transfer device sets up on elevating gear, and transfer device includes: the clamping mechanism is used for clamping materials; the clamping mechanism is arranged on the swinging mechanism, and the swinging mechanism is used for driving the clamping mechanism to swing; the lifting mechanism is arranged on the lifting mechanism and is used for lifting and descending the swinging mechanism.

Further, the swing mechanism comprises a swing arm, a third swing mechanism and a fourth swing mechanism, the third swing mechanism is arranged on the lifting mechanism, one end of the swing arm is connected with the third swing mechanism, the fourth swing mechanism is arranged at the other end of the swing arm, the clamping mechanism is arranged on the fourth swing mechanism, and the third swing mechanism and the fourth swing mechanism are respectively used for driving the clamping mechanism to rotate towards two different directions.

Further, the well servicing equipment further comprises: and the wellhead centering device is arranged on the transport vehicle.

By adopting the technical scheme, the wellhead centering device, the lifting device, the turnbuckle device and the pipe hoop detector are arranged in the well repairing equipment, so that the blowout preventer can be centered at the wellhead through the wellhead centering device, a pipe column can be automatically lifted out of or put into an oil well through the lifting device, the two pipe columns can be automatically connected or separated through the turnbuckle device, and the position of the pipe column can be detected through the pipe hoop detector so as to accurately position the pipe column. According to the technical scheme, the automatic operation such as moving, lifting, inserting, connecting and separating can be performed on the pipe column, so that the labor intensity can be reduced, and the production efficiency can be improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a well servicing rig provided by an embodiment of the present application in an operational state;

FIG. 2 shows a side view of the well servicing rig of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of the well servicing rig of FIG. 1 in a non-operational state;

fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of a grip portion in the lifting device in fig. 1;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural view of the holder of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural view of the turnbuckle device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural view of the blowout preventer of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 shows a schematic structural view of the wellhead centering device of FIG. 1;

fig. 9 shows a schematic structural view of the jig in the transfer device in fig. 1.

Wherein the above-mentioned figures include the following reference numerals (reference numerals not written herein are embodied in the detailed description):

110. a support mechanism; 111. a first bracket; 112. a first connection frame; 113. a second driving section; 114. a roller; 115. a connecting seat; 116. a support leg; 120. a vertical movement mechanism; 121. a first mounting frame; 122. a second mounting frame; 123. a first link; 124. a second link; 125. a first driving section; 130. a horizontal movement mechanism; 131. a rotary gear; 132. a drive gear; 140. a sixth driving section; 210. a telescopic part; 211. a hydraulic cylinder; 212. pulling out the pulley block; 213. pulling up the steel wire rope; 220. a gripping part; 230. a mast mechanism; 231. fixing the mast; 232. a telescoping mast; 251. a second bracket; 310. a clamping mechanism; 313. a claw stand; 314. a first jaw; 315. a second jaw; 316. a third jaw; 317. a fourth jaw; 318. a fourth link; 320. a swinging mechanism; 321. swing arms; 322. a third swing mechanism; 324. a fourth swing mechanism; 330. a lifting mechanism; 331. a lifting arm; 333. a fourth driving section; 400. a blowout preventer assembly; 500. a transport vehicle; 600. a turnbuckle device; 610. a four bar linkage; 620. back-up pliers; 630. a turnbuckle clamp; 640. breaking the buckling pliers; 700. a pipe clamp detector; 800. an electrical system.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, an embodiment of the present application provides a well repair apparatus including: wellhead centering devices for centering blowout preventer assembly 400 to a wellhead; the lifting device is movably arranged on the wellhead centering device and is used for lifting the tubular column; the turnbuckle device 600 is arranged on the lifting device, and the turnbuckle device 600 is used for connecting or separating two tubular columns; a pipe clamp detector 700 for detecting the position of the pipe string to locate the pipe string.

By applying the technical scheme of the embodiment, a wellhead centering device, a lifting device, a turnbuckle device 600 and a pipe hoop detector 700 are arranged in well repairing equipment, so that the blowout preventer assembly 400 can be centered on a wellhead through the wellhead centering device, a pipe column can be automatically lifted out of or put into an oil well through the lifting device, two pipe columns can be automatically connected or separated through the turnbuckle device 600, and the position of the pipe column can be detected through the pipe hoop detector 700 so as to accurately position the pipe column. Through the technical scheme of the embodiment, the automatic operation such as moving, lifting out, entering, connecting and separating can be performed on the pipe column, so that the labor intensity can be reduced, and the production efficiency can be improved.

As shown in fig. 6, the turnbuckle device 600 includes: a four bar linkage 610 movably disposed on the wellhead centering device; back-up tong 620, disposed on the four-bar mechanism 610, the back-up tong 620 being used to clamp a tubular string; a stab clamp 630 is provided on the four bar linkage 610, the stab clamp 630 being used to rotate another pipe string to screw or separate the other pipe string from the pipe string clamped by the back-up clamp 620. The positions of the other components can be conveniently adjusted by the four bar linkage 610 to match the pipe string. In the present embodiment, the four-bar linkage 610 may be provided as a parallelogram linkage, so that a plane can be realized without changing the angles of other components when moving. Clamping one string by back-up clamp 620 facilitates the operation of connecting or disconnecting two strings. The other string may be continuously rotated by the stab clamp 630 to perform an automatic tightening or loosening operation. In this embodiment, a plurality of rollers are provided in the swing clamp 630, and the plurality of rollers roll together to drive the pipe string to rotate.

In this embodiment, the turnbuckle device 600 further includes: the breaking pliers 640 are arranged on the four-bar mechanism 610, and the breaking pliers 640 are used for relatively rotating two connected pipe columns by a certain angle so as to unscrew the two connected pipe columns. The torque of the break grip 640 is greater than the torque of the turn grip 630. When the two pipe strings are tightly connected, the two connected pipe strings can be unscrewed by applying a moment through the breaking clamp 640, and then the rotating clamp 630 is used for continuous rotation, so that the smooth separation of the two connected pipe strings can be ensured.

In this embodiment, the turnbuckle device 600 further includes: a rotational speed sensor and a torque sensor. The rotation speed of the pipe column or the rotation speed of the roller can be measured through the rotation speed sensor, and the torque applied by the breaking clamp 640 or the screwing clamp 630 to the pipe column can be measured through the torque sensor, so that the control can be facilitated, and the safety is ensured.

In this embodiment, the pipe clamp detector 700 includes: the magnetic field generating part is used for generating a magnetic field, and the pipe column can penetrate into the magnetic field under the drive of the lifting device; and a detection unit electrically connected to the magnetic field generation unit, the detection unit being capable of detecting a change in the magnetic field to determine the position of the pipe string based on the change in the magnetic field. The pipe string oil pipe cuts the magnetic field when passing through the magnetic field generating part, when the detecting part detects that the magnetic field is suddenly changed, the diameter of the pipe string is suddenly changed, and the pipe hoop detector detects the position of the pipe hoop, namely the position with threads. The position of the pipe string can be accurately measured by the pipe string detector 700, so that the operations such as the transportation and rotation of the pipe string can be conveniently controlled.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the well servicing equipment further comprises: a blowout preventer assembly 400 is disposed on a wellhead centering device, and a pipe clamp detector 700 is disposed at a lower portion of the blowout preventer assembly 400. Operational safety may be ensured with the blowout preventer assembly 400 in the case of pressurized operations.

As shown in fig. 7, the blowout preventer assembly 400 is composed of a group of hydraulic blowout preventers, a balance pressure relief system 2-2 and hydraulic ram type universal slips 2-3, wherein the hydraulic blowout preventers are respectively a hydraulic three ram type blowout preventer 2-1-1, a lower hydraulic single ram type blowout preventer 2-1-2 and an annular blowout preventer 2-1-3 from bottom to top, and the upper hydraulic single ram type blowout preventer 2-1-4 is mainly used for plugging the wall pressure of an oil well casing so as to realize the operations of lifting and lowering a tubular column under the conditions of no well killing and no pressure releasing, namely the operations with pressure; the hydraulic brake plate type universal slips 2-3 clamp the pipe column to prevent the pipe column from falling into the well or flying out from the well.

The hydraulic three-ram blowout preventer 2-1-1 is provided with an upper cavity 2-1-1.1 for semi-sealing operation, and takes part in the operation, a state sensor is arranged on the hydraulic three-ram blowout preventer 2-1-1, and a state signal of the semi-sealing operation is transmitted during automatic operation; the middle cavity 2-1-1.2 is provided with a safe semi-seal and does not participate in operation at ordinary times; the lower cavity 2-1-1.3 is provided with a slip flashboard, does not participate in operation at ordinary times, and clamps a pipe column when upper equipment is overhauled and accessories are replaced; the lower hydraulic single-ram blowout preventer 2-1-2 is provided with a fully-sealed ram, a wellhead is sealed under the condition that a pipe column does not exist in a well, the upper hydraulic single-ram blowout preventer 2-1-3 is provided with an operation semi-seal to participate in the operation, a state sensor is arranged on the operation semi-seal, and a state signal of the operation semi-seal is transmitted during the automatic operation; the balance pressure relief system 2-2 consists of a rising four-way valve 2-2.1, a throttle valve 2-2.2 and a hydraulic flat valve 2-2.3, wherein the throttle valve 2-2.2 and the hydraulic flat valve are respectively arranged at the outlets of the two sides of the rising four-way valve, one flat valve is connected with one outlet of a large four-way valve at a wellhead, the balance pressure relief system mainly has the effects of balancing the pressure of a semi-sealing plate surface for up and down operation, avoiding opening a blowout preventer under pressure, reducing the damage of a blowout preventer rubber piece, and the other flat valve outlet is connected with a designated sump oil water collecting tank.

In this embodiment, the wellhead centering device includes: a support mechanism 110 for connecting and supporting the blowout preventer assembly 400; the vertical moving mechanism 120, the supporting mechanism 110 is arranged on the vertical moving mechanism 120, and the vertical moving mechanism 120 is used for driving the blowout preventer assembly 400 to move along a vertical plane; the horizontal moving mechanism 130, the vertical moving mechanism 120 is disposed on the horizontal moving mechanism 130, and the vertical moving mechanism 120 is used to drive the blowout preventer assembly 400 to move along a horizontal plane. Thus, the blowout preventer assembly 400 may be coupled and supported by the support mechanism 110, and the position of the blowout preventer assembly 400 in a vertical plane may be adjusted by the vertical movement mechanism 120, and the position of the blowout preventer assembly 400 in a horizontal plane may be adjusted by the horizontal movement mechanism 130. The arrangement allows for precise positional adjustment of the blowout preventer assembly 400 by the vertical movement mechanism 120 and the horizontal movement mechanism 130, thereby facilitating centering of the blowout preventer assembly 400 on the wellhead. This may avoid problems of difficult centering and possible damage to blowout preventer assembly 400 caused by the pilot's empirical operation, improving operational efficiency and safety.

In the present embodiment, the vertical movement mechanism 120 includes: and the connecting rod mechanism is used for driving the equipment to translate along the vertical plane. The movement in the vertical plane can be realized with a simple structure by adopting the link mechanism.

Specifically, the link mechanism includes: a first mounting frame 121 provided on the horizontal movement mechanism 130; the second mounting frame 122, the supporting mechanism 110 is disposed on the second mounting frame 122; a first link 123 and a second link 124, both ends of the first link 123 being respectively hinged with the first mounting frame 121 and the second mounting frame 122, both ends of the second link 124 being respectively hinged with the first mounting frame 121 and the second mounting frame 122; the first mounting bracket 121, the second mounting bracket 122, the first link 123, and the second link 124 constitute a parallelogram mechanism. The arrangement thus allows translation of the device in the vertical plane by means of the parallelogram mechanism, thus preventing tilting of the device when adjusting the position of the device. The device has simple structure and stable and reliable movement.

In the present embodiment, the vertical movement mechanism 120 further includes: the first driving part 125, one end of the first driving part 125 is hinged with the first mounting frame 121 or the second mounting frame 122, the other end of the first driving part 125 is hinged with the first connecting rod 123, and the first driving part 125 can stretch and retract to drive the first connecting rod 123 to swing. The parallelogram mechanism can be driven to move through the expansion and contraction of the first driving part 125, so that the blowout preventer is driven to translate.

In the present embodiment, the horizontal movement mechanism 130 includes: the first rotation mechanism is used for driving the vertical movement mechanism 120 to rotate along the horizontal plane. This allows the vertical movement mechanism 120 and thus the blowout preventer to rotate in a horizontal plane through the turning action of the first turning mechanism.

Specifically, the first swing mechanism includes: a swing gear 131, the vertical movement mechanism 120 being provided on the swing gear 131; a driving gear 132 engaged with the swing gear 131, the driving gear 132 for driving the swing gear 131 to rotate. In this way, the driving gear 132 and the turning gear 131 cooperate to drive the vertical moving mechanism 120 to rotate in the horizontal plane. The arrangement mode is stable and reliable in transmission.

In the present embodiment, the support mechanism 110 includes: a first bracket 111 connected to the vertical movement mechanism 120; a first connection frame 112 movably provided on the first bracket 111, the first connection frame 112 for connecting devices. This allows connection to the vertical movement mechanism 120 via the first bracket 111 and to the apparatus via the first connection bracket 112. The position of the device can be adjusted by the first connection frame 112, if necessary.

In the present embodiment, the supporting mechanism 110 further includes: the second driving part 113 is disposed on the first bracket 111, and the second driving part 113 is used for driving the first connecting frame 112 to ascend or descend in the vertical direction. Thus, the position adjustment of the blowout preventer in the height direction can be realized through the second driving part 113, so that the requirements of different blowout preventers or wellheads with different heights can be met, and the blowout preventers and wellheads can be conveniently centered.

In the present embodiment, the first bracket 111 is provided with a guide groove in a vertical direction, and the first connection frame 112 is provided with a roller 114, and the roller 114 can roll in the guide groove to guide the first connection frame 112. In this way, the first connecting frame 112 can be guided by the cooperation of the roller 114 and the guide groove, so that the displacement stability is improved.

In this embodiment, the supporting mechanism 110 further includes a connection base 115, where the connection base 115 is disposed on the first connection frame 112, and the connection base 115 is used for detachable connection with the device. The blowout preventer may be reliably secured to the wellhead centering device by the connection mount 115 and then moved by the wellhead centering device to be centered with the wellhead.

In the present embodiment, the supporting mechanism 110 further includes: the support leg 116 is arranged below the first bracket 111, the support leg 116 can extend and retract in the vertical direction, and the support leg 116 is used for being supported on the ground. The support of the blowout preventer or other component may be provided by the provision of legs 116 to ensure reliability and stability of the device.

When the technical scheme is applied, the construction site does not need to position the wellhead according to the assistance of a driver or a crane, and particularly in the pressurized operation process, the blowout preventer assembly 400 and the wellhead centering device can be installed together, so that the blowout preventer assembly 400 and the wellhead are accurately connected and safely fixed. At the beginning of the workover operation construction, the complex operations of workers on the wellhead are greatly reduced, and the possibility of automatic installation of the blowout preventer assembly 400 and the safety of the construction site are greatly improved. According to the technical scheme, the accurate positioning of the wellhead can be realized, and when the wellhead is centered, no person can be nearby the wellhead, so that the safety of an operation site is improved; and the wellhead centering device can adapt to different wellhead heights, so that the adaptability of the well repairing device is improved.

As shown in fig. 2, the elevating device includes: the telescopic mechanism comprises a telescopic part 210 and a grabbing part 220 for grabbing materials, the grabbing part 220 is connected with the telescopic part 210, and the telescopic part 210 can stretch and retract to drive the grabbing part 220 to move; the mast mechanism 230 is used for supporting the telescopic mechanism, and the mast mechanism 230 can be vertically arranged. Thus, the material can be automatically and efficiently grabbed and lifted by the lifting device.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the oil pipe lifter of the gripping portion 220 is composed of a frame body 3-5-1, a gripper 3-5-3, a gripper cylinder 3-5-2, a guide wheel set and the like, and is pulled by a telescopic portion 210 to slide up and down on a track of a telescopic mast 232 to lift and lower a pipe string clamped by the telescopic portion, wherein the gripper 3-5-3 is composed of a central pipe 3-5-3.1, a sliding sleeve 3-5-3.2, a clamping tooth plate 3-5-3.3 and a guide sleeve 3-5-3.4, and the gripper cylinder pushes the sliding sleeve to slide up and down so as to drive a clamping tooth plate to clamp or release the pipe string.

The telescopic mechanism can be arranged in a plurality, the telescopic mechanisms are arranged on the mast mechanism 230 at intervals, and the telescopic mechanisms can respectively lift and lower materials. By applying the technical scheme of the embodiment, the telescopic mechanism and the mast mechanism 230 are arranged in the lifting device, wherein the mast mechanism 230 is used for supporting the telescopic mechanism, the telescopic part 210 in the telescopic mechanism can drive the grabbing part 220 to move through telescopic driving so as to lift the oil pipe or other materials, and the telescopic mechanism is multiple, so that the oil pipe can be lifted by using the telescopic mechanisms respectively, and the lifting efficiency of the oil pipe and other materials can be improved. In operation, the blowout preventer may be first centered with the wellhead by the wellhead centering device and then the riser is used to remove or lower the tubing from the well. Specifically, this embodiment will be described by taking a telescopic mechanism as an example.

In the present embodiment, the telescopic portion 210 is provided along the length direction of the mast mechanism 230, and the mast mechanism 230 includes: a fixed mast 231; a telescopic mast 232 telescopically disposed in the fixed mast 231. The height of the telescoping section 210 can thus be adjusted by the mast mechanism 230 to facilitate transporting the tubular string. In this embodiment, the telescoping mast 232 may be configured to guide the telescoping portion 210, which may improve the stability of the device during operation.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the expansion and contraction portion 210 includes: a hydraulic cylinder 211 provided in the mast mechanism 230, the hydraulic cylinder 211 being extendable and retractable along the longitudinal direction of the mast mechanism 230; the lifting pulley block 212 is arranged at the top of the hydraulic cylinder 211; the pulling wire 213 is wound around the pulling pulley block 212 and connected to the gripping portion 220, and the pulling wire 213 is used to pull up the gripping portion 220. The gripping part 220 can be pulled upwards by pulling the pulling wire 213 through the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 211, so that the gripping part 220 pulls the oil pipe upwards. In the present embodiment, the number of the hydraulic cylinders 211 is two, so that the driving force and the stability of the apparatus at the time of operation can be improved.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the lifting device can be rotated to a vertical position in an operative state and to a horizontal position in an inoperative state. The oil pipe can be used for taking and placing the oil pipe in the vertical position, the occupied space can be reduced in the horizontal position, and the transportation is convenient. In this embodiment, the lifting device further includes a second bracket 251, the mast mechanism 230 is connected to the second bracket 251, the second bracket 251 is hinged to the supporting mechanism 110, and the lifting device further includes a sixth driving part 140. As shown in fig. 1 and 8, one end of the sixth driving part 140 is hinged to the vertical moving mechanism 120, and the other end of the sixth driving part 140 is hinged to the second bracket 251, so that the second bracket 251 can be driven to rotate by the extension and retraction of the sixth driving part 140, thereby moving the lifting device as a whole to a vertical position in an operating state and a horizontal position in a non-operating state.

In this embodiment, the well servicing equipment further comprises a transfer device disposed on the lifting device, the transfer device comprising: a gripping mechanism 310 for gripping a material; the swinging mechanism 320 is arranged on the clamping mechanism 310, and the swinging mechanism 320 is used for driving the clamping mechanism 310 to swing; and a lifting mechanism 330, the swing mechanism 320 being provided on the lifting mechanism 330, the lifting mechanism 330 being for lifting and lowering the swing mechanism 320.

By providing the gripping mechanism 310, the swing mechanism 320 and the lifting mechanism 330 in the transfer device, the gripping mechanism 310 can be moved to a desired position by the cooperation of the swing mechanism 320 and the lifting mechanism 330 during use to grip and transfer a tubular string by the gripping mechanism 310. Can realize the automatic transport to the tubular column through this transfer device to can reduce intensity of labour, improve production efficiency, moreover, can accurately and conveniently press from both sides through the cooperation of each mechanism and get and transport the tubular column. Through the cooperation of transfer device and elevating gear, can realize the continuous follow oil well to the tubular column and lift out and deposit or take and go into the oil well in succession, reduce intensity of labour, improve production efficiency.

Specifically, the swing mechanism 320 includes a swing arm 321, a third swing mechanism 322, and a fourth swing mechanism 324, the third swing mechanism 322 is disposed on the lifting mechanism 330, one end of the swing arm 321 is connected to the third swing mechanism 322, the fourth swing mechanism 324 is disposed at the other end of the swing arm 321, the gripping mechanism 310 is disposed on the fourth swing mechanism 324, and the third swing mechanism 322 and the fourth swing mechanism 324 are respectively used for driving the gripping mechanism 310 to rotate in two different directions. This rotates the gripping mechanism 310 into position to grip or release the tubular string by the engagement of the third swing mechanism 322 and the fourth swing mechanism 324.

Specifically, the third swing mechanism 322 includes: a turbine, one end of the swing arm 321 is connected with the turbine; and the worm is used for driving the turbine to rotate so as to drive the swing arm 321 to swing. Thus, the worm drives the turbine to rotate, and the swing arm 321 is driven to swing. The structure is reliable in transmission and compact in structure. The fourth swing mechanism 324 may be provided in the same structure.

As shown in fig. 9, the gripping mechanism 310 comprises a clamp comprising a jaw frame 313, a first jaw 314 and a second jaw 315, the first jaw 314 and the second jaw 315 each being hinged to the jaw frame 313, the size of the opening between the first jaw 314 and the second jaw 315 being adjustable to grip or release a tubular string. This allows the tubing to be gripped or released by the engagement of the first jaw 314 and the second jaw 315. In this embodiment, first jaw 314 and second jaw 315 may be driven to move by hydraulic cylinders. In this embodiment, a plurality of jigs may be provided, and the plurality of jigs commonly convey the pipe string.

Further, the jig further includes: a third jaw 316 and a fourth jaw 317, the third jaw 316 and the fourth jaw 317 each being hinged to the jaw frame 313; the first clamping jaw 314 is connected with the third clamping jaw 316 through a third connecting rod to drive the third clamping jaw 316 to rotate, and the second clamping jaw 315 is connected with the fourth clamping jaw 317 through a fourth connecting rod 318 to drive the fourth clamping jaw 317 to rotate; the areas between the first jaw 314, the second jaw 315, the third jaw 316 and the fourth jaw 317 form a gripping space for gripping the pipe string, the size of which is adjustable for gripping or releasing the pipe string. This allows the tubing to be gripped or released by the co-engagement of the first jaw 314, the second jaw 315, the third jaw 316 and the fourth jaw 317, which provides greater stability and reliability in gripping the tubing.

As shown in fig. 2, the lifting mechanism 330 includes: the lifting arm 331, the swing mechanism 320 is disposed at one end of the lifting arm 331, and the lifting arm 331 can rotate on the mast mechanism 230 to lift or lower the swing mechanism 320. This allows the gripping mechanism 310 to be raised or lowered by movement of the lifting arm 331.

In the present embodiment, the lifting mechanism 330 further includes: the fourth driving part 333, one end of the fourth driving part 333 is hinged with the mast mechanism 230, the other end of the fourth driving part 333 is hinged with the lifting arm 331, and the fourth driving part 333 is used for driving the lifting arm 331 to swing. Specifically, the fourth driving part 333 is a hydraulic cylinder, and the swing of the lifting arm 331 is realized by the extension and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder.

In this embodiment, the well servicing equipment further comprises: a carrier 500, and a wellhead centering device are provided on the carrier 500. Thus, the whole movement and transition of the equipment can be facilitated, and the disassembly and assembly workload is reduced. Of course, other devices as described above may be disposed on the transporter 500 for uniform transportation.

In this embodiment, the chassis running engine of the transport vehicle 500 can switch the two-way power through the gearbox device, one power is used for running of the vehicle, and the other power is used for driving the transfer case device; the transfer case device is provided with a hydraulic oil pump which converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy for movement of various devices mounted on the transporter 500.

In this embodiment, the workover rig also includes a hydraulic system and electrical system 800 to facilitate powering and controlling the various components. The hydraulic system comprises a fuel engine, a transfer case device, a hydraulic oil pump, a cooler, a hydraulic oil tank and the like.

Because the equipment is fully automatically controlled, before the equipment works, all the components are required to be adjusted to an initial state meeting the working requirements, then the equipment is started, and the equipment controls the execution mechanisms of all the components to work under the control of the PLC program system. The following describes the operation flow of the device in an exemplary manner, and because the operation flow of the pipe lifting and the pipe descending is a reciprocal flow, the description specifically describes only one of the two operation flows, and the specific operation flow is as follows:

the oil pipe lifter clamps an oil pipe, the oil pipe is quickly lifted by the telescopic part of the double-speed lifting mechanism, when the pipe hoop detector monitors that the pipe hoop passes, the lifting speed of the double-speed lifting mechanism is automatically controlled until the set stroke is reached, lifting is stopped, the pipe hoop is at a shackle position, the oil pipe lifter is opened, then the screwing device starts to shackle, after the shackle is completed, the oil pipe lifter clamps the oil pipe again, the oil pipe is lifted upwards for a certain distance to stop, then the single-arm rod changer transferring device swings inwards, the oil pipe is clamped by the clamp holder, then the oil pipe lifter is opened to lift upwards for a certain distance to stop, the single-arm rod changer swings out and automatically falls the oil pipe onto a ground pipe frame, and simultaneously the oil pipe lifter downwards clamps the next oil pipe to lift out, and the next oil pipe operation flow is entered.

The application adopts a control mode combining electric remote control, PLC program control and hydraulic control, and realizes automatic operation in the working procedures of detecting the oil pipe hoops, opening and closing the blowout preventer, lifting and lowering the oil pipe columns, placing the ground oil pipes, screwing up and screwing down, and the like in the well repairing operation.

According to the technical scheme, the derricking wellhead centering device has 3 degrees of freedom, has the functions of horizontal rotation, lifting, horizontal translation and the like of a mechanism, and has the function of accurately positioning a wellhead. The pipe hoop detector can determine the position of the pipe column by detecting the diameter of the pipe hoop; the oil pipe transfer device has an oil pipe clamping function, a horizontal rotation function and a vertical tipping function.

When the blowout preventer is in a site construction state, the amplitude landing gear realizes the accurate centering of the blowout preventer and the wellhead device by adjusting the height, the front and back positions and the left and right positions of the mast mechanism; the mast mechanism of the lifting device is in a vertical state, the telescopic mast is in an extending state, and the transport vehicle is connected to the ground of a construction site through a guy rope so as to stabilize the machine body. When the oil pipe is lifted and lowered, the chassis engine drives the hydraulic oil pump through the gearbox and the transfer case, mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic energy, the hydraulic energy drives the grabbing part of the oil pipe clamping device to clamp the oil pipe and drives the hydraulic cylinder of the oil pipe lifting cylinder to realize the up-and-down movement of the oil pipe clamping device, and the lifting and lowering operation of the oil pipe is realized. The oil pipe conveying station lowers the oil pipe to the connecting pipe position of the oil pipe transferring device, conveys the oil pipe to the oil pipe transferring device, clamps the oil pipe by the oil pipe transferring device, swings out the oil pipe, and then horizontally places the oil pipe. Through the operation, the full-automatic and efficient lifting operation of the oil pipe can be realized. After the pipe lifting process is finished, the oil pipe is transferred to vehicle-mounted automatic pipe arranging equipment or other pipe arranging equipment. Before the pipe discharging process, the oil pipe is firstly transferred from the vehicle-mounted automatic pipe arranging equipment or other pipe arranging equipment to the oil pipe transferring device.

The lifting device, the amplitude-variable landing gear, the driver sitting room, the blowout preventer, the pipe clamp detector, the turnbuckle device and the chassis of the transport vehicle are combined together in the form of machinery, hydraulic pressure and electric appliances, and the automatic tool fitting passing operation of the full-automatic hydraulic lifting device for lifting and lowering oil pipes, the full-automatic wellhead blowout preventer and the like can be realized through an automatic program control machine. When the application is applied, on-site staff is only two, after the equipment is switched to a full-automatic operation state, the operators can carry out equipment safety monitoring in the machine riding room, and when the equipment is transferred, the automatic transfer can be realized without intervention of a crane and other transfer vehicles. The application of the application can reduce the number of workers in the well site, reduce the labor intensity of the workers and change the working environment quality, and the efficiency of the equipment under-pressure well repairing operation can be improved by about 50 percent; the equipment transfer efficiency can be improved by about 100%, and the economy and the production efficiency of the pressurized workover operation are improved.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A well servicing rig comprising:

a wellhead centering device for centering a blowout preventer assembly (400) to a wellhead;

the lifting device is movably arranged on the wellhead centering device and is used for lifting the tubular column;

the turnbuckle device (600) is arranged on the lifting device, and the turnbuckle device (600) is used for connecting or separating two pipe columns;

a pipe clamp detector (700) for detecting a position of the pipe string to locate the pipe string;

the turnbuckle device (600) comprises: a four bar linkage (610) movably disposed on the wellhead centering device; a back-up wrench (620) disposed on the four-bar linkage (610), the back-up wrench (620) being configured to clamp one of the pipe strings; a turnbuckle clamp (630) arranged on the four-bar mechanism (610), wherein the turnbuckle clamp (630) is used for rotating the other pipe column so as to connect or disconnect the other pipe column with or from the pipe column clamped by the back-up clamp (620) in a threaded manner; the breaking clamp (640) is arranged on the four-bar mechanism (610), and the breaking clamp (640) is used for relatively rotating two connected pipe columns by a certain angle so as to unscrew the two connected pipe columns; a rotational speed sensor and a torque sensor;

the workover rig further includes a transfer device disposed on the lifting device, the transfer device including: a gripping mechanism (310) for gripping a material; the clamping mechanism (310) is arranged on the swinging mechanism (320), and the swinging mechanism (320) is used for driving the clamping mechanism (310) to swing; a lifting mechanism (330), wherein the swing mechanism (320) is arranged on the lifting mechanism (330), and the lifting mechanism (330) is used for lifting and descending the swing mechanism (320);

the swing mechanism (320) comprises a swing arm (321), a third swing mechanism (322) and a fourth swing mechanism (324), the third swing mechanism (322) is arranged on the lifting mechanism (330), one end of the swing arm (321) is connected with the third swing mechanism (322), the fourth swing mechanism (324) is arranged at the other end of the swing arm (321), the clamping mechanism (310) is arranged on the fourth swing mechanism (324), and the third swing mechanism (322) and the fourth swing mechanism (324) are respectively used for driving the clamping mechanism (310) to rotate towards two different directions;

the third swing mechanism (322) includes: one end of the swing arm (321) is connected with the worm wheel; the worm is used for driving the worm wheel to rotate so as to drive the swing arm (321) to swing;

the gripping mechanism (310) comprises a clamp, the clamp comprises a claw frame (313), a first clamping jaw (314) and a second clamping jaw (315), the first clamping jaw (314) and the second clamping jaw (315) are hinged on the claw frame (313), and the opening between the first clamping jaw (314) and the second clamping jaw (315) can be adjusted in size so as to grip or release the tubular column;

the clamp further comprises: -a third jaw (316) and a fourth jaw (317), both the third jaw (316) and the fourth jaw (317) being hinged on the jaw frame (313); wherein the first clamping jaw (314) is connected with the third clamping jaw (316) through a third connecting rod to drive the third clamping jaw (316) to rotate, and the second clamping jaw (315) is connected with the fourth clamping jaw (317) through a fourth connecting rod (318) to drive the fourth clamping jaw (317) to rotate; the areas between the first clamping jaw (314), the second clamping jaw (315), the third clamping jaw (316) and the fourth clamping jaw (317) form a clamping space for clamping the tubular string, and the size of the clamping space can be adjusted to clamp or release the tubular string;

the well servicing rig further comprises: a blowout preventer assembly (400) disposed on the wellhead centering device, the pipe clamp detector (700) being disposed at a lower portion of the blowout preventer assembly (400).

2. The well servicing equipment of claim 1, wherein the pipe clamp detector (700) comprises:

the magnetic field generating part is used for generating a magnetic field, and the pipe column can penetrate into the magnetic field under the drive of the lifting device;

and a detection unit electrically connected to the magnetic field generation unit, the detection unit being capable of detecting a change in the magnetic field to determine the position of the pipe string based on the change in the magnetic field.

3. The well servicing rig of claim 1, wherein the wellhead centering device comprises:

a support mechanism (110) for connecting and supporting the blowout preventer assembly (400);

the support mechanism (110) is arranged on the vertical moving mechanism (120), and the vertical moving mechanism (120) is used for driving the blowout preventer assembly (400) to move along a vertical plane;

the horizontal moving mechanism (130), the vertical moving mechanism (120) is arranged on the horizontal moving mechanism (130), and the vertical moving mechanism (120) is used for driving the blowout preventer assembly (400) to move along the horizontal plane.

4. The well servicing rig of claim 1, wherein the lifting device comprises:

the telescopic mechanism comprises a telescopic part (210) and a grabbing part (220) for grabbing materials, the grabbing part (220) is connected with the telescopic part (210), and the telescopic part (210) can stretch to drive the grabbing part (220) to move;

and the mast mechanism (230) is used for supporting the telescopic mechanism, and the mast mechanism (230) can be vertically arranged.

5. The well servicing rig of claim 4, wherein the telescoping section (210) is disposed along a length of the mast mechanism (230), the mast mechanism (230) comprising:

a fixed mast (231);

a telescopic mast (232) telescopically arranged in the fixed mast (231).

6. A well servicing rig according to claim 4, wherein the telescoping section (210) comprises:

a hydraulic cylinder (211) provided on the mast mechanism (230), the hydraulic cylinder (211) being extendable and retractable in the longitudinal direction of the mast mechanism (230);

the lifting pulley block (212) is arranged at the top of the hydraulic cylinder (211);

and the lifting steel wire rope (213) is wound on the lifting pulley block (212) and is connected with the grabbing part (220), and the lifting steel wire rope (213) is used for pulling up the grabbing part (220).

7. The well servicing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the well servicing apparatus further comprises:

-a carrier vehicle (500), the wellhead centering device being arranged on the carrier vehicle (500).