CN111922030A

CN111922030A - Screening method for stored garbage of sanitary landfill

Info

Publication number: CN111922030A
Application number: CN202010649955.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张玲萍
Original assignee: Guangdong Hengyi Environmental Protection Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Hengyi Environmental Protection Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-08
Filing date: 2020-07-08
Publication date: 2020-11-13

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for screening stored garbage in a sanitary landfill, which comprises the following specific steps: stabilizing the garbage pile, digging and transporting the garbage, crushing large garbage, vibrating and scattering the garbage, screening fine soil garbage by using a primary drum screen and a disc type separator, screening aggregate garbage by using a wind power separator, and packaging combustible materials. The stored garbage is screened into three substances of fine soil, aggregate, combustible and the like, so that the garbage accumulation is avoided, and the treatment goals of harmlessness, reclamation and reduction are realized. The invention can be widely applied to the technical field of garbage treatment.

Description

Screening method for stored garbage of sanitary landfill

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a screening method for stored garbage in a sanitary landfill.

Background

The storage capacity of the sanitary landfill is large, the garbage components are complex, and the humidity of the stored garbage is relatively low because the garbage is better distributed with rain and sewage. The method is characterized in that the method is used for treating the stored garbage in China at the starting stage, and the current treatment schemes mainly comprise three types, namely in-situ closing treatment, full-transfer remote treatment and incineration treatment.

The in-situ block disposal scheme enables the discharge of pollutants in landfills to be changed from past natural discharge to discharge that can be controlled. However, in the refuse landfill of the in-situ sealing, the time period for finishing the degradation of the organic matters reaches more than 50 years, the pollution persists, the site is not favorable for timely reuse, and the land utilization value after sealing is limited.

The whole-volume transferring and off-site disposal means that the garbage stocks in the garbage landfill are directly transferred to other places without treatment and then are subjected to related disposal or utilization after being excavated. The method thoroughly eliminates the potential safety hazard of the original refuse landfill, recovers the full utilization value of the original land, and enables the upright original refuse landfill to be developed and utilized as soon as possible. But the investment is large, the clearing and treatment cost is high, the application range is limited, and new land resources are occupied. Along with the higher and higher requirements of the society on the sanitary environment and the more and more scarce land resources, the requirements of site selection and new construction of landfill sites are more and more strict, so that the scheme is difficult to implement.

The incineration treatment refers to the treatment of directly sending the excavated garbage to a garbage incineration power plant, the soil content of the stored garbage is high, the heat value is low, the stored garbage which is not subjected to screening treatment is not suitable for direct incineration in an incineration plant, and only the stored garbage which is subjected to front-end treatment can be sent to the incineration plant for treatment. At present, the site selection of an incineration plant is difficult, the landing is slow, the daily garbage treatment requirement is difficult to meet, and the incineration treatment difficulty of the stored garbage is high.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve at least one of the technical problems and effectively classify the stored garbage, the invention provides a method for screening the stored garbage of a sanitary landfill, which adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a method for screening stored garbage in a sanitary landfill, which comprises the following specific steps: stabilizing the garbage pile, digging and transporting the garbage, crushing large garbage, vibrating and scattering the garbage, screening fine soil garbage by using a primary drum screen and a disc type separator, screening aggregate garbage by using a wind power separator, and packaging combustible materials.

Further, squeeze into the rubbish heap body with gas injection pipe and exhaust tube, the gas injection pipe pressurization pours into the rubbish heap body with fresh air into, and the exhaust tube takes out carbon dioxide gas in the rubbish heap body, and the direction of bleeding is exchanged with gas injection and air exhaust every 1 ~ 2 hours of operation, and the time of stabilization is 7 ~ 10 days.

Further, the temperature and humidity of the extracted gas are detected during the stabilization treatment.

And further, screening the scattered garbage materials by using a primary drum screen, discharging undersize materials with the particle size smaller than 40mm from a discharge port at the bottom of the primary drum screen, discharging oversize materials with the particle size larger than 40mm from a discharge port at the tail part of the primary drum screen, feeding oversize materials discharged by the primary drum screen into a disc type separator, discharging undersize materials with the particle size smaller than 10mm from a discharge port at the bottom of the disc type separator, and discharging the rest oversize materials from a discharge port at the tail part of the disc type separator.

And further, oversize materials of the primary drum screen and oversize materials of the disc type sorting machine enter a wind power sorting machine, heavy materials fall on an aggregate conveying belt by self weight and are output to an aggregate pool, and combustible materials fall on the combustible material conveying belt by wind power and are output.

Further, the combustible materials screened by the pneumatic separator are conveyed to a box body of the horizontal bundling machine to be compressed and packaged.

Further, the compression ratio is 1:1.5 to 1: 1.8.

Has the advantages that: the stored garbage is screened into three substances of fine soil, aggregate, combustible and the like, so that the garbage accumulation is avoided, and the treatment goals of harmlessness, reclamation and reduction are realized. The invention can be widely applied to the technical field of garbage treatment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a screening process;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the distribution of a primary trommel, a disc type separator and a pneumatic separator.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to fig. 1 to 2.

The invention relates to a method for screening the stored garbage in a sanitary landfill, which comprises the following steps: stabilizing the garbage pile, digging and transporting the garbage, crushing large garbage, vibrating and scattering the garbage, screening fine soil garbage by using a primary drum screen 11 and a disc type separator 12, screening aggregate garbage by using a wind power separator 13, and packing combustible materials.

The stabilization treatment is a process for rapidly stabilizing the garbage pile body by technical measures such as gas injection ventilation, gas extraction and the like. Squeeze into the rubbish heap body with gas injection pipe and exhaust tube, the degree of depth of squeezing into should be greater than the exploitation degree of depth 0.5 ~ 1m, and gas injection pipe and exhaust tube pass through hose connection to fan, and the gas injection pipe pressurization pours fresh air into the rubbish heap body into, and carbon dioxide gas takes out in the exhaust tube with the rubbish heap body, and the orientation of bleeding and air exhaust is exchanged every 1 ~ 2 hours of operation, prevents that the interior oxygen concentration of processing unit is poor to form local anaerobic environment. The stabilization treatment time is 7-10 days, the temperature and the humidity of the extracted gas are detected in the treatment process, the operation parameters are adjusted through the detection result, and the non-anaerobic microorganisms in the garbage are activated to be rapidly propagated, so that the generation of methane is inhibited.

When the garbage is excavated and transported, the equipment enters a field to level the field, performs construction paying off and then performs surface layer excavation, performs side slope putting and side slope supporting after the surface layer excavation is finished, performs deep layer excavation, transfers to the next area after the excavation reaches the reserved garbage elevation, performs subsequent construction, and transfers the garbage to a garbage stacking area before large pieces are crushed in real time by a garbage transfer vehicle in the safe excavation work.

And the stored garbage transported to the large-piece crushing system is crushed fully by the large-piece crusher and transported to a material storage area at the front end of the sorting system after crushing. The garbage has various materials with different sizes, and after crushing treatment, large materials and materials which are easy to wind are crushed into materials with greatly reduced sizes, so that the efficient operation of the screening system is ensured.

Stock rubbish gets into anterior segment material district after the breakage, throws the material by the hook machine and gets into the vibration feeder hopper, and the motor drives eccentric wheel subassembly high-speed rotatory through belt and belt pulley in the vibration feeder hopper, and eccentric wheel subassembly produces powerful centrifugal force and drives the vibration hopper and carry out the shake motion of certain frequency under the cooperation that the spring-supported, and the stock rubbish of balling is scattered, and the vibration feeder hopper is discharging the material under the state of transferring to suitable angle.

The garbage materials after being scattered are screened by the first-level drum screen 11, and the materials are turned and rolled on the screen surface along with the inclination and rotation of the drum screen after entering the first-level drum screen 11. And discharging undersize products with the particle size of less than 40mm from a discharge hole at the bottom of the primary drum sieve 11, wherein most of the undersize products are humus. Oversize materials with the grain diameter larger than 40mm are discharged from a discharge hole at the tail part of the primary drum screen 11 and are light materials such as bricks, stones, plastics and the like. Oversize materials discharged by the primary drum sieve 11 enter the disc type separator 12, undersize materials with the particle size smaller than 10mm are discharged from a discharge hole in the bottom of the disc type separator 12, most of the undersize materials are fine soil, the content of the fine soil is low in a sanitary landfill, the fine soil can be effectively absorbed through a backfilling way, and the problem of secondary pollution caused by the fine soil is avoided. The rest oversize materials are discharged from a discharge port at the tail part of the disc separator 12 and are granular aggregates and light-weight RDF.

Oversize materials of the primary drum screen 11 and oversize materials of the disc type sorting machine 12 enter the wind power sorting machine 13, the oversize materials freely fall along a parabola after entering the wind power sorting machine 13, wind penetrates through garbage in the horizontal direction in the falling process, materials with different masses in the garbage are divided in two directions under the action of wind, a part of light materials move forwards in the horizontal direction, the combustible materials are blown down on a combustible material conveying belt by wind power through a sorting blowing nozzle, and the heavy materials fall on the aggregate conveying belt by self weight and are output to an aggregate pool. The aggregate is transported to a construction waste company for making bricks, so that the resource utilization rate is improved, and the space occupancy rate of a landfill site is reduced. The end discharge port of the air separator 13 is provided with a cyclone separator 14 for separating fine combustible materials.

Combustible materials screened by the wind power sorting machine 13 are conveyed to a box body of the horizontal binding machine for compression and packaging, the volume of the garbage is reduced by utilizing pressure, and the compression ratio is 1: 1.5-1: 1.8, so that the transportation and the storage are convenient.

The screening method effectively promotes the garbage storage treatment work of the sanitary landfill, realizes the reduction, reclamation and harmlessness of the garbage storage of the sanitary landfill, can effectively remove incombustibles, plays a strong support for ensuring the subsequent incineration work, can effectively reduce the garbage transportation cost, improves the combustion efficiency of the garbage, avoids generating more waste materials after the incineration, and reduces the cleaning difficulty and the working strength of workers.

While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for screening the stored garbage in a sanitary landfill site is characterized by comprising the following steps: stabilizing the garbage pile, digging and transporting the garbage, crushing large garbage, vibrating and scattering the garbage, screening fine soil garbage by using a primary drum screen (11) and a disc type separator (12), screening aggregate garbage by using a wind power separator (13), and packaging combustible materials.

2. The method for screening the sanitary landfill inventory waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the garbage pile is driven into the garbage pile body through the gas injection pipe and the exhaust pipe, fresh air is injected into the garbage pile body through pressurization of the gas injection pipe, carbon dioxide gas in the garbage pile body is pumped out through the exhaust pipe, the gas injection direction and the gas pumping direction are exchanged every 1-2 hours of operation, and the stabilization treatment time is 7-10 days.

3. The method for screening the sanitary landfill inventory waste as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the temperature and humidity of the extracted gas are detected during the stabilization process.

4. The method for screening the sanitary landfill inventory as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the scattered garbage materials are screened by the aid of the first-level drum screen (11), undersize materials with the particle sizes smaller than 40mm are discharged from a discharge port in the bottom of the first-level drum screen (11), oversize materials with the particle sizes larger than 40mm are discharged from a discharge port in the tail of the first-level drum screen (11), oversize materials discharged by the first-level drum screen (11) enter the disc type sorting machine (12), undersize materials with the particle sizes smaller than 10mm are discharged from a discharge port in the bottom of the disc type sorting machine (12), and other oversize materials are discharged from a discharge port in the tail of the disc type sorting machine (12).

5. The method for screening the sanitary landfill inventory waste as claimed in claim 4, wherein: oversize materials of the primary drum screen (11) and oversize materials of the disc type sorting machine (12) enter a wind power sorting machine (13), heavy materials fall on an aggregate conveying belt by self weight and are output to an aggregate pool, and combustible materials fall on the combustible conveying belt by wind power and are output.

6. The method for screening the sanitary landfill inventory waste according to claim 5, wherein: the combustible materials screened by the pneumatic separator (13) are conveyed to a box body of the horizontal bundling machine for compression and packaging.

7. The method for screening the sanitary landfill inventory waste according to claim 6, wherein: the compression ratio is 1:1.5 to 1: 1.8.