CN111920883A - 一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂及其制备方法，其特征在于：它包括以下按重量称量的过300目筛的细粉药物原料：牛黄、珍珠、大黄、山豆根、青黛、甘草、人中白（煅）、寒水石、三七、浮萍、炉甘石、延胡索、龙胆草、氧化锌、氢化考的松；按以上细粉药物原料总重量的0.4—0.5%称取过300目筛的羧甲基纤维素纳；再按每100 g细粉药物原料量取以下溶剂：浓度为75%的酒精10—15ml、月桂氮酮2.5—3.2ml、蒸馏水180—200ml和甘油8.0—9.0ml；将称量的细粉药物原料、羧甲基纤维素纳和溶剂搅拌混合均匀，制成制剂。本发明清热解毒、活血化瘀、消肿止痛、祛腐生肌，愈后不留疤，提高了疗效。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于治疗皮肤病的药物，具体的说是一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂及其制备方法，它能够提高带状疱疹的疗效，快速止痛，缩短治疗周期，降低患者治疗费用，且愈后不易留疤痕。
背景技术
带状疱疹是一种由水痘带状疱疹病毒引起的急性感染性皮肤病，由于病毒具有亲神经性，感染后可长期潜伏于脊髓神经后根神经节的神经元内，当抵抗力低下或劳累、感冒、感染时，潜伏的病毒被激活，病毒便再次生长繁殖，并沿感觉神经轴索下行到该神经所支配的区域皮肤内，复制产生水疱，为集簇性疱疹，受累神经发生炎症、坏死，产生神经疼，使受侵犯的神经和皮肤产生强烈的炎症，并伴有疼痛。中医学谓之“缠腰火”，是湿热内蕴感受毒邪、相互博结、壅滞肌肤为患，气血瘀阻，毒火留于血则发为红斑，湿热困于脾则起水疱，气血阻于经络则疼痛，久痛入络神经痛症状尤为显著。带状疱疹患者约80%以上伴有剧烈疼痛，约10%患者伴有瘙痒，2—3%的患者无不适感，患者体征多以单侧出现密集成簇的丘疱疹为主要表现。带状疱疹的通常诊断依据：1、病变皮肤首先出现潮红斑，很快出现丘疹，继而成簇集成群的水疱，疱壁发亮，疱液澄清，周围红晕，沿某一侧周围神经呈带状分布；2、有明显的神经痛，伴有局部淋巴结肿大；3、各簇水疱间皮肤正常；因此，带状疱疹不难诊断。带状疱疹常发生于腰腹部，少数发生于眼部和耳部。
目前治疗带状疱疹的常用方法主要有两种：一种是西医治疗，主要是：抗病毒药物、营养神经药物、消炎止痛药物、麻醉性镇痛药物，且多以静脉注射、口服为主；另一种是中医治疗，包括中药内服、外用及针灸治疗，多用清热利湿、凉血解毒、理气止痛的药物。以上两种治疗方法的不足在于：毒副作用大，如：阿昔洛韦可以引起胃肠道反应，出现恶心、呕吐、腹泻，还会出现肝、肾功能异常；治疗费相对较高，如：阿昔洛韦注射一天花费约30—80元；治疗相对缓慢，一般约2周以上，且愈后尤其面部易留疤痕；针灸给病人造成疼痛，病人不易接受。
通过检索可知，目前有多种治疗带状疱疹药物的报道，以中药方居多，如北京艺信堂医药研究所于2007年04月16日提交的中国专利“一种治疗带状疱疹的中药汤剂”，专利号CN200710065491.8，它公开了“以延胡索、郁金、板蓝根、石决明、薏苡仁和乳香等10多味中草药为原料。具有行气祛瘀，疏肝止痛的功效” 。其不足之处在于：要口服3个月，疗程长，增加了治疗费；治愈率较低，仅为75.67%。再如广州市八正生物科技有限公司于2020年06月19日提交的中国专利申请“一种治疗带状疱疹的中药组合物”，申请号CN202010566876.8，它公开了“主要由以下中药原料制成：瓜篓仁、瓜篓皮、红花、生甘草，白茅根、郁金、柴胡、黄芩、黄柏、丹参、马齿苋、龙胆草、板蓝根，蝉退、白芍和广木香。”从安神、通络、清热解毒、燥湿止痛、活血化瘀、养肝健脾入手治疗，这种方法提高了治愈率，缩短了疗程；其不足之处在于：因采用纯中药，口服，治疗程序繁琐，口服也有一定的副作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种采用中药和西医的医用化学药物相结合、相互补充促进药物吸收，能快速止痛，缩短疗程，无毒副作用，提高疗效和治愈率，并降低患者治疗费用，且愈后不留疤痕的治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂。
为达到以上目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
该一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂，其特征在于：它包括以下按重量称量的过300目筛的细粉药物原料：牛黄：0.5—0.7g；珍珠：5.0—5.2g；大黄：5.0—5.2g；山豆根：5.0—5.2g；青黛：3.2—3.6g；甘草：4.9—5.3g；人中白（煅）：5.0—5.2g；寒水石：5.0—5.2g；三七：8.0—9.0g；浮萍：4.5—5.6g；炉甘石：25.0—25.9g；延胡索：9.7—10.7g；龙胆草：5.0—5.2g；氧化锌：8.4—8.6g；氢化考的松：2.5—2.7g；
按以上细粉药物原料总重量的0.4—0.5%称取过300目筛的羧甲基纤维素纳；
再按每100 g细粉药物原料量取以下溶剂：浓度为75%的酒精10—15ml、月桂氮酮2.5—3.2ml、蒸馏水180—200ml和甘油8.0—9.0ml；
将称量的细粉药物原料、羧甲基纤维素纳和溶剂搅拌混合均匀，制成制剂。
上述一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂的制备方法，其特征在于：它包括以下步骤制成：
（1）、备料：按重量称量的过300目筛的细粉药物原料：牛黄：0.5—0.7g；珍珠：5.0—5.2g；大黄：5.0—5.2g；山豆根：5.0—5.2g；青黛：3.2—3.6g；甘草：4.9—5.3g；人中白（煅）：5.0—5.2g；寒水石：5.0—5.2g；三七：8.0—9.0g；浮萍：4.5—5.6g；炉甘石：25.0—25.9g；延胡索：9.7—10.7g；龙胆草：5.0—5.2g；氧化锌：8.4—8.6g；氢化考的松：2.5—2.7g；
按以上细粉药物原料总重量的0.4—0.5%称取过300目筛的羧甲基纤维素纳；
再按每100 g细粉药物原料量取以下溶剂：浓度为75%的酒精10—15ml、月桂氮酮2.5—3.2ml、蒸馏水180—200ml和甘油8.0—9.0ml；
（2）、将氢化考的松倒入浓度为75%的酒精中，搅拌均匀，制得氢化考的松溶液，备用；
（3）、将炉甘石和氧化锌混合后，先加入蒸馏水28—32ml，充分搅拌至均匀，再加入甘油和月桂氮酮，搅拌均匀，制得炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮混合液，备用，加入月桂氮酮用于增加皮肤渗透，促进药性吸收；
（4）、将羧甲基纤维素纳加入蒸馏水52—63ml，搅拌均匀，制得羧甲基纤维素纳溶液；
（5）、把氢化考的松溶液，以及炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮混合液依次加入到羧甲基纤维素纳溶液中，一边加一边搅拌，直至混合均匀；然后再加入蒸馏水100—105ml，继续搅拌均匀，制得羧甲基纤维素纳、氢化考的松、炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮的共混液，备用；其中：加入羧甲基纤维素纳主要用于药物稳定成膜覆于水疱患处，增加药效的持续性；
（6）、将牛黄、珍珠、大黄、山豆根、青黛、甘草、人中白（煅）、寒水石、三七、浮萍、延胡索和龙胆草的细粉药物原料，加入到羧甲基纤维素纳、氢化考的松、炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮的共混液中，充分搅拌均匀，即制得治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂，装入无菌瓶中，每瓶50ml，密封保存。
使用方法：使用时，将制剂摇匀，用棉棒蘸取药剂，涂抹带状疱疹处，一日分早、中、晚涂抹，共三次，每次涂抹10—20分钟。为了阻滞水疱扩展，还可以视病情采用火针围刺水疱周围配合治疗。
本发明的药理为：
牛黄：牛黄，苦、甘、凉，归肝、心经。功效：清心、豁痰、开窍、凉肝息风，解毒。主治：热病神昏，中风痰迷，小儿惊风，癫痫发狂，口舌生疮，咽喉肿疼，溃烂，头晕目赤，目眦生疮，痈疽疗疮，乳岩横痃，瘰疬疫核，流注恶疮。人工牛黄系从牛胆汁或猪胆汁经人工提取加工制造而成，多用于咽喉肿痛、痈肿疮毒等热毒症。
珍珠：甘、咸、寒，归心、肝经。具有安神定惊、明目消翳、解毒生肌之功效。主治：心神不宁，心悸失眠，惊风癫痫，目赤翳障，视物不清，疮疡肿毒，潰久不敛，口内疮，耳疖耳疮，皮肤色斑。主要用于惊悸失眠、惊风癫痫、目生云翳、疮疡不敛。心虚有热、则神气浮越；高热痰迷，则神志惊厥；肝虚有热，则目生翳障。即有解二经之热，又可滋二经之阴，而有养心安神，镇惊坠痰、明目去翳之功，所以阴虚阴盛之症两得其用。用于痈疽肿毒溃疡不敛，敷之能解毒生肌收口。
大黄：性味苦、寒。归脾、胃、大肠、肝、心包经。功效：泻下攻积，清热泻火，凉血解毒，逐瘀通经，利湿退黄。主治：大便秘结，肠胃积滞，血热出血症，目赤，咽喉肿痛，痈肿疗疮，水火烫伤，瘀血诸症。
山豆根：苦、寒，有毒。归肝、胃经。功效：清热解毒，消肿利咽。主治：咽喉肿痛，牙龈肿痛，痈肿疮毒。
青黛：该药物为深蓝色的粉末，体轻、易飞扬；或呈不规则多孔性的团块，用手搓捻即成细末。微有草腥味、味淡。咸、寒，归肝、肺、胃经。具有清热解毒、凉血消斑、泻火定惊之功效。主要用于湿毒发斑、血热吐衄、咳嗽胸痛、痰中带血、咽痛口疮；又常用于湿疮、湿疹、口舌咽喉溃疡。另有资料表明，青黛乙醇浸液在体外对炭疽杆菌、肺炎杆菌、痢疾杆菌、霍乱孤菌、金色葡萄球菌和白色葡萄球菌等，皆有抑制作用。
甘草：甘，平。归脾、胃、心、肺经。功效：补脾益气，清热解毒，祛痰止咳，缓急止痛，调和诸药。主治：炙用治脾胃气虚，心悸脏躁，咳嗽气喘，痈疮肿毒，咽喉肿痛，食物中毒，风湿痹痛，调和药性。
人中白（煅）：咸、凉。归肺、心、膀胱经。功效：清热降火，止血化痰。主治：肝痿老热，吐血，衄血，喉痹，牙疳，口舌生疮，诸湿溃烂，烫火伤。
寒水石：辛、咸、寒。归心、胃、肾经。功效：清热泻火。主治：热病烦泻，惊痫，癫狂，丹毒烫伤。
三七：甘、微苦，温。归肝、胃经。功效：散瘀止血，消肿定痛。主治：吐血，咳血，血痢，下血，便血，妇科血崩，外伤出血，跌扑损伤，瘀血肿痛，疮痈疮疡，心胃疼痛。
浮萍：辛、寒。归肝经。功效：宣散风热，透疗利尿。主治：风热表证，麻疹风疹瘙痒，顽癣疥癞，中风，消渴，水肿，小便不利。
炉甘石：甘、平。归肝、胃经。功效：解毒明目退翳，收湿止痒，生肌敛疮。主治：目赤翳障，烂弦风眼，溃疡不敛，皮肤湿疮，下疳、阴疮，阴汗湿痒。炉甘石有一定的抑菌作用，对健康组织和新生上皮组织有保护作用，用药后能很快使炎症局限，并能促使突出创面的肉芽及坏死组织液化，使创面清洁平整，易于修复，收到腐尽肌生的效果。炉甘石具有收敛抑制分泌或部分吸收创面分泌液、减少化脓、保护创面的作用。
延胡索：辛、苦，温。归肝、脾经。功效：活血行气，散瘀止痛。主治：胸胁，脘腹疼痛，专治一身上下诸痛。
龙胆草：苦、寒。归肝、胆经。功效：清热燥湿、泻肝火，镇静抗炎，保肝抗过敏，属于清热燥湿类的中草药，最主要是泄肝火的作用。主治：第一是治疗这种湿热黄疸，阴部的肿、痒、疼，还有女性的白带过多，还有肝胆的湿热，目赤耳聋，急性的结膜炎，还有像高热的抽风等。现代医学研究认为，它具有抗炎作用，还有抗病原微生物的作用，还有一个镇静作用，保肝作用，抗过敏的作用。
氧化锌：一种常用的化学添加剂，化学式为ZnO，性状白色 ，难溶于水，有亲水性，易亲水湿润，可溶于酸和强碱，可用于制软膏、皮肤伤药膏、食品等产品的制作中。在本发明中，具有保护轻度收敛、消炎及中和皮肤酸性分泌物的作用。
羧甲基纤维素纳：又称羧甲基纤维素纳盐，羧甲基纤维素，简称CMC-Na，是葡糖糖聚合度为100—2000的纤维素衍生物。无臭、有吸湿性，溶于水，不溶于乙醇。分散在水中呈透明胶状溶液。在制药工业中可作为乳化稳定剂和成膜剂等。
氢化考的松：又称皮质醇，是从肾上腺皮质中提取出的是对糖类代谢具有最强作用的肾上腺皮质激素。主要用于肾上腺皮质功能减退症的替代治疗及先天性肾上腺皮质功能增生症的治疗，也可用于类风湿性关节炎、风湿性发热、痛风、支气管哮喘、过敏性疾病，并可用于严重感染和抗休克治疗等。
月桂氮酮：药用辅料，澄清的油状液体，无臭，无味。药用：皮肤渗透促进剂，能改变皮肤角质层脂质和蛋白结构，常用于涂抹外用促渗剂。用量约占处方的0.1—10%，通常为0.5—2%。
甘油：学名为丙三醇，是一种有机物质，温和。在临床上无刺激性，因此常被制成软膏供临床使用。它能保持水分和保湿，并在皮肤上形成保护膜。因此，经常用于皮肤干燥的患者，并具有润滑肠道的功能，可用作软膏或护肤品的基质。
本发明以牛黄、大黄、青黛为君药，主要用于清热解毒；延胡索、三七、浮萍、山豆根、人中白（煅）、寒水石为臣药，主要用于辅助君药起到清热解毒、活血化瘀、消肿止痛；以珍珠、炉甘石为佐药，主要用于辅助君臣药物收敛、祛腐生肌。月桂氮酮为皮肤渗透促进剂，用于改变皮肤角质层脂质和蛋白结构，促进药物吸收；氢化考的松具有消炎止痛、抗过敏、抗组织纤维化的作用；氧化锌具有保护、轻度收敛、消炎及中和皮肤酸性分泌物的作用；甘油可以使粉末易滞留于皮肤；羧甲基纤维素纳起增稠作用；诸药合用，共揍清热解毒、活血化瘀、消肿止痛、祛腐生肌、抗过敏、抗组织纤维化、愈后不易留疤痕的综合效果。
临床应用效果分析：
一、资料来源：从2018年4月至2020年9月，在济南市莱芜区左氏理疗馆就诊的带状疱疹患者，共21例，其中男性12例，女性9例，年龄为21—75岁。
二、诊断标准：1、病变皮肤首先出现潮红斑，很快出现丘疱，继而成簇集成群的水疱，疱壁发亮，疱液澄清，周围红晕，沿某一侧周围神经呈带状分布；2、有明显的神经痛，伴有局部淋巴结肿大；3、各簇水疱间皮肤正常。
三、疗效评定标准：1、治愈：7—10天内，水疱消失，无疤痕，疼痛消失；2、有效：7—10天内，水疱消失60%，并留有疤痕，疼痛减轻。
四、治疗效果：对以上21例患者，采用本发明涂抹治疗，每天早、中、晚用棉棒涂抹，每次涂抹10—20分钟，涂抹面覆盖水疱部位，并使制剂成层覆盖，连续涂抹7—10天，治愈19例，治愈率为90.47%；有2例在7—10天内，水疱消失60%，并留有疤痕，疼痛减轻。增加了针灸配合治疗，20—30天，水疱消失，疼痛消失，疤痕消失80%，为有效，有效率为9.53%。
本发明的有益效果在于：与目前的带状疱疹治疗方法相比，本发明由于采用中药和西医的医用化学药物相结合、相互补充，不仅清热解毒、活血化瘀、消肿止痛、祛腐生肌，而且能够改变皮肤角质层脂质和蛋白结构、促进药物吸收，还能抗过敏、抗组织纤维化、中和皮肤酸性分泌物；所以缩短了治疗疗程，降低了患者治疗费用，提高了疗效和治愈率；而且愈后不留疤；由于是涂抹外用，所以使用方便，无毒副作用。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
吕某某，女，65岁，济南市莱芜区西峪村人，于2020年8月3日来济南市莱芜区左氏理疗馆就诊。
自述：3天前开始出现右侧腰腹部疼痛不适、伴皮肤灼烧感。第二天疼痛部位开始出现簇集性水疱，并逐渐增多，曾在本村卫生室就诊，诊断为带状疱疹，并给予抗病毒药物口服，抗感染药膏外用，效果不明显，并逐渐水疱增多，烧灼感、神经痛加重。
经检查：患者右腰腹部多发性簇集性水疱，伴有腰腹部刺疼感，口干，舌红，大便干，小便黄，脉滑数；血常规及肝、胆、腹部B超检查均无明显异常。
诊断为：右腰腹部带状疱疹。
治疗方案：采用本发明所述的一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂进行治疗。
使用方法：使用时，将制剂摇匀，用棉棒蘸取药剂，涂抹带状疱疹处，一日分早、中、晚涂抹三次，每次涂抹20分钟。
治疗效果：连续治疗3天，患者神经痛、皮肤烧灼感明显减轻，水泡干瘪，第7天结痂脱落，无疤痕，属治愈。
该一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂，为了降低制剂成本，牛黄采用人工牛黄，其特征在于：它包括以下按重量称量的过300目筛的细粉药物原料：人工牛黄0.6g、珍珠5.1g、大黄5.1g、山豆根5.1g、青黛3.4g、甘草5.1g、人中白（煅）5.1g、寒水石5.1g、三七8.5g、浮萍5.1g、炉甘石25.5g、延胡索10.2g、龙胆草5.1g；氧化锌8.5g、氢化考的松2.5g；
按以上细粉药物原料总重量的0.4%称取过300目筛的羧甲基纤维素纳0.4g；
再按每100 g细粉药物原料量取以下溶剂：浓度为75%的酒精10ml、月桂氮酮2.9ml、蒸馏水185.5ml和甘油8.5ml；
将称量的细粉药物原料、羧甲基纤维素纳和溶剂搅拌混合均匀，制成制剂。
上述一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂的制备方法，其特征在于：它包括以下步骤制成：
（1）、备料：按重量称量的过300目筛的细粉药物原料共100 g：人工牛黄0.6g、珍珠5.1g、大黄5.1g、山豆根5.1g、青黛3.4g、甘草5.1g、人中白（煅）5.1g、寒水石5.1g、三七8.5g、浮萍5.1g、炉甘石25.5g、延胡索10.2g、龙胆草5.1g；氧化锌8.5g、氢化考的松2.5g；
称取过300目筛的羧甲基纤维素纳0.4g；
再量取以下溶剂：浓度为75%的酒精10ml、月桂氮酮2.9ml、蒸馏水185.5ml和甘油8.5ml；
（2）、将氢化考的松倒入浓度为75%的酒精中，搅拌均匀，制得氢化考的松溶液，备用；
（3）、将炉甘石和氧化锌混合后，先加入蒸馏水30ml，充分搅拌至均匀，再加入甘油和月桂氮酮，搅拌均匀，制得炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮混合液，备用，加入月桂氮酮用于增加皮肤渗透，促进药性吸收；
（4）、将羧甲基纤维素纳加入蒸馏水55.5ml，搅拌均匀，制得羧甲基纤维素纳溶液；
（5）、把氢化考的松溶液，以及炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮混合液依次加入到羧甲基纤维素纳溶液中，一边加一边搅拌，直至混合均匀；然后再加入蒸馏水100ml，继续搅拌均匀，制得羧甲基纤维素纳、氢化考的松、炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮的共混液，备用；其中：加入羧甲基纤维素纳主要用于药物稳定成膜覆于水疱患处，增加药效的持续性；
（6）、将人工牛黄、珍珠、大黄、山豆根、青黛、甘草、人中白（煅）、寒水石、三七、浮萍、延胡索和龙胆草的细粉药物原料，加入到羧甲基纤维素纳、氢化考的松、炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮的共混液中，充分搅拌均匀，即制得治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂，装入无菌瓶中，每瓶50ml，密封保存。
实施例2：
孙某某，男，45岁，济南市莱芜区吕花园社区人，于2020年1月12日来济南市莱芜区左氏理疗馆就诊。
自述：1天前，左侧面部不适，合并出现了2—3粒小水泡，第2天水泡迅速增多，疼痛症状明显加重。经检查：患者左侧面部密布成簇的小水疱，左侧眼结膜充血水肿，水疱呈带状单侧分布，伴有显著的灼热刺痛感，及患侧牙痛症状，无其他不适，无口干，舌微红，大便正常，小便微黄，睡眠差，脉微数。
诊断：左侧面部带状疱疹。
治疗方案：采用本发明所述的一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂进行治疗。
使用方法：使用时，将制剂摇匀，用棉棒蘸取药剂，涂抹带状疱疹处，一日分早、中、晚涂抹三次，每次涂抹15分钟。
治疗效果：连续用制剂涂抹治疗，并配合针灸治疗，针刺合谷穴，每日一次，每次留针30分钟，4天，面部刺痛、牙痛消失，患者神经痛、皮肤烧灼感明显减轻，水泡干瘪，第8天结痂脱落，属治愈，仅剩干瘪结痂，15天自行脱落。
该一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂，其特征在于：它包括以下按重量称量的过300目筛的细粉药物原料共100 g：人工牛黄0.5g、珍珠5.2g、大黄5.0g、山豆根5.2g、青黛3.2g、甘草5.3g、人中白（煅）5.0g、寒水石5.2g、三七8.0g、浮萍5.6g、炉甘石25.0g、延胡索10.7g、龙胆草5.0g；氧化锌8.6g、氢化考的松2.5g；
称取过300目筛的羧甲基纤维素纳0.5g；
再量取以下溶剂：浓度为75%的酒精10ml、月桂氮酮3.2ml、蒸馏水180.0ml和甘油8.0ml；
将称量的细粉药物原料、羧甲基纤维素纳和溶剂搅拌混合均匀，制成制剂。
上述一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂的制备方法，其特征在于：它包括以下步骤制成：
（1）、备料：按重量称量的过300目筛的细粉药物原料共100 g：人工牛黄0.5g、珍珠5.2g、大黄5.0g、山豆根5.2g、青黛3.2g、甘草5.3g、人中白（煅）5.0g、寒水石5.2g、三七8.0g、浮萍5.6g、炉甘石25.0g、延胡索10.7g、龙胆草5.0g；氧化锌8.6g、氢化考的松2.5g；
称取过300目筛的羧甲基纤维素纳0.5g；
再量取以下溶剂：浓度为75%的酒精10ml、月桂氮酮3.2ml、蒸馏水180.0ml和甘油8.0ml；
（2）、将氢化考的松倒入浓度为75%的酒精中，搅拌均匀，制得氢化考的松溶液，备用；
（3）、将炉甘石和氧化锌混合后，先加入蒸馏水28.0ml，充分搅拌至均匀，再加入甘油和月桂氮酮，搅拌均匀，制得炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮混合液，备用，加入月桂氮酮用于增加皮肤渗透，促进药性吸收；
（4）、将羧甲基纤维素纳加入蒸馏水57.5ml，搅拌均匀，制得羧甲基纤维素纳溶液；
（5）、把氢化考的松溶液，以及炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮混合液依次加入到羧甲基纤维素纳溶液中，一边加一边搅拌，直至混合均匀；然后再加入蒸馏水94.5ml，继续搅拌均匀，制得羧甲基纤维素纳、氢化考的松、炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮的共混液，备用；其中：加入羧甲基纤维素纳主要用于药物稳定成膜覆于水疱患处，增加药效的持续性；
（6）、将人工牛黄、珍珠、大黄、山豆根、青黛、甘草、人中白（煅）、寒水石、三七、浮萍、延胡索和龙胆草的细粉药物原料，加入到羧甲基纤维素纳、氢化考的松、炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮的共混液中，充分搅拌均匀，即制得治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂，装入无菌瓶中，每瓶50ml，密封保存。
实施例3：
焦某某，女，42岁，济南市莱芜区任花园人，与2020年3月2日来济南市莱芜区左氏理疗馆就诊。
自述：2天前，开始发现左侧腰部轻微瘙痒，伴有少量簇集性水疱，自发病以来，患者无明显其他不适，无口干、口苦，大小便无明显变化，睡眠可，饮食可，脉滑微数。经检查：患者左侧腰少量簇集性水疱，微痒，无刺痛感，无其他不适。
诊断：左侧腰部带状疱疹。
治疗方案：采用本发明所述的一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂进行治疗。
使用方法：使用时，将制剂摇匀，用棉棒蘸取药剂，涂抹带状疱疹处，一日分早、中、晚涂抹三次，每次涂抹10分钟。
治疗效果：连续用制剂涂抹治疗，4天，患者神经痛、皮肤烧灼感明显减轻，水泡干瘪，第8天结痂脱落，属治愈，仅剩干瘪结痂，18天自行脱落。
该一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂，其特征在于：它包括以下按重量称量的过300目筛的细粉药物原料共100 g：人工牛黄0.7g、珍珠5.0g、大黄5.2g、山豆根5.0g、青黛3.6g、甘草4.9g、人中白（煅）5.2g、寒水石5.0g、三七9.0g、浮萍4.5g、炉甘石25.9g、延胡索9.7g、龙胆草5.2g、氧化锌8.4g、氢化考的松2.7g；
称取过300目筛的羧甲基纤维素纳0.5g；
量取以下溶剂：75%的酒精15ml、月桂氮酮2.5ml、蒸馏水200.0ml和甘油9.0ml；
将称量的细粉药物原料、羧甲基纤维素纳和溶剂搅拌混合均匀，制成制剂。
上述一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂的制备方法，其特征在于：它包括以下步骤制成：
（1）、备料：称量的过300目筛的细粉药物原料共100 g：人工牛黄0.7g、珍珠5.0g、大黄5.2g、山豆根5.0g、青黛3.6g、甘草4.9g、人中白（煅）5.2g、寒水石5.0g、三七9.0g、浮萍4.5g、炉甘石25.9g、延胡索9.7g、龙胆草5.2g、氧化锌8.4g、氢化考的松2.7g；
称取过300目筛的羧甲基纤维素纳0.5g；
量取以下溶剂：75%的酒精15ml、月桂氮酮2.5ml、蒸馏水200.0ml和甘油9.0ml；
（2）、将氢化考的松倒入浓度为75%的酒精中，搅拌均匀，制得氢化考的松溶液，备用；
（3）、将炉甘石和氧化锌混合后，先加入蒸馏水32.0ml，充分搅拌至均匀，再加入甘油和月桂氮酮，搅拌均匀，制得炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮混合液，备用，加入月桂氮酮用于增加皮肤渗透，促进药性吸收；
（4）、将羧甲基纤维素纳加入蒸馏水63.0ml，搅拌均匀，制得羧甲基纤维素纳溶液；
（5）、把氢化考的松溶液，以及炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮混合液依次加入到羧甲基纤维素纳溶液中，一边加一边搅拌，直至混合均匀；然后再加入蒸馏水105.0ml，继续搅拌均匀，制得羧甲基纤维素纳、氢化考的松、炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮的共混液，备用；其中：加入羧甲基纤维素纳主要用于药物稳定成膜覆于水疱患处，增加药效的持续性；
（6）、将人工牛黄、珍珠、大黄、山豆根、青黛、甘草、人中白（煅）、寒水石、三七、浮萍、延胡索和龙胆草的细粉药物原料，加入到羧甲基纤维素纳、氢化考的松、炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮的共混液中，充分搅拌均匀，即制得治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂，装入无菌瓶中，每瓶50ml，密封保存。
Claims (2)
1.一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂，其特征在于：它包括以下按重量称量的过300目筛的细粉药物原料：牛黄：0.5—0.7g；珍珠：5.0—5.2g；大黄：5.0—5.2g；山豆根：5.0—5.2g；青黛：3.2—3.6g；甘草：4.9—5.3g；人中白（煅）：5.0—5.2g；寒水石：5.0—5.2g；三七：8.0—9.0g；浮萍：4.5—5.6g；炉甘石：25.0—25.9g；延胡索：9.7—10.7g；龙胆草：5.0—5.2g；氧化锌：8.4—8.6g；氢化考的松：2.5—2.7g；
按以上细粉药物原料总重量的0.4—0.5%称取过300目筛的羧甲基纤维素纳；
再按每100 g细粉药物原料量取以下溶剂：浓度为75%的酒精10—15ml、月桂氮酮2.5—3.2ml、蒸馏水180—200ml和甘油8.0—9.0ml；
将称量的细粉药物原料、羧甲基纤维素纳和溶剂搅拌混合均匀，制成制剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂的制备方法，其特征在于：它包括以下步骤制成：
（1）、备料：按重量称量的过300目筛的细粉药物原料：牛黄：0.5—0.7g；珍珠：5.0—5.2g；大黄：5.0—5.2g；山豆根：5.0—5.2g；青黛：3.2—3.6g；甘草：4.9—5.3g；人中白（煅）：5.0—5.2g；寒水石：5.0—5.2g；三七：8.0—9.0g；浮萍：4.5—5.6g；炉甘石：25.0—25.9g；延胡索：9.7—10.7g；龙胆草：5.0—5.2g；氧化锌：8.4—8.6g；氢化考的松：2.5—2.7g；
按以上细粉药物原料总重量的0.4—0.5%称取过300目筛的羧甲基纤维素纳；
再按每100 g细粉药物原料量取以下溶剂：浓度为75%的酒精10—15ml、月桂氮酮2.5—3.2ml、蒸馏水180—200ml和甘油8.0—9.0ml；
（2）、将氢化考的松倒入浓度为75%的酒精中，搅拌均匀，制得氢化考的松溶液，备用；
（3）、将炉甘石和氧化锌混合后，先加入蒸馏水28—32ml，充分搅拌至均匀，再加入甘油和月桂氮酮，搅拌均匀，制得炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮混合液，备用；
（4）、将羧甲基纤维素纳加入蒸馏水52—63ml，搅拌均匀，制得羧甲基纤维素纳溶液；
（5）、把氢化考的松溶液，以及炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮混合液依次加入到羧甲基纤维素纳溶液中，一边加一边搅拌，直至混合均匀；然后再加入蒸馏水100—105ml，继续搅拌均匀，制得羧甲基纤维素纳、氢化考的松、炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮的共混液，备用；
（6）、将牛黄、珍珠、大黄、山豆根、青黛、甘草、人中白（煅）、寒水石、三七、浮萍、延胡索和龙胆草的细粉药物原料，加入到羧甲基纤维素纳、氢化考的松、炉甘石和氧化锌、月桂氮酮的共混液中，充分搅拌均匀，即制得治疗带状疱疹的外用制剂，装入无菌瓶中，每瓶50ml，密封保存。
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