CN111916799B - Activation method of proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Google Patents
Activation method of proton exchange membrane fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN111916799B CN111916799B CN202010729906.2A CN202010729906A CN111916799B CN 111916799 B CN111916799 B CN 111916799B CN 202010729906 A CN202010729906 A CN 202010729906A CN 111916799 B CN111916799 B CN 111916799B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
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- H01M8/04582—Current of the individual fuel cell
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
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Abstract
The invention relates to an activation method of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises the following steps: (1) introducing hydrogen into the anode and nitrogen into the cathode of the assembled battery, then carrying out LSV test, and disconnecting the gas source when the tested hydrogen permeation current value is higher than the preset value of current density; (2) then switching the cathode gas into oxygen or air, maintaining the stoichiometric ratio of the cathode gas to be 2 and the stoichiometric ratio of the anode gas to be 1.1-1.5, carrying out activation treatment, then carrying out a polarization curve test, and if the polarization curves are overlapped for two times after activation, finishing the activation; wherein the activation treatment comprises 3-step constant voltage activation treatment which is sequentially carried out. The method provided by the invention can lead the three interfaces of the catalyst, the electrolyte and the Nafion in the battery to reach the optimal balance state by introducing the hydrogen permeation current test process, shorten the activation time, greatly improve the chemical stability of the proton membrane in the battery and prolong the service life of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to an activation method of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Background
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are considered to be one of the best green energy sources in the 20 th century because of their advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, rapid low-temperature start, no pollution, good durability, high specific power, etc. A Membrane Electrode (MEA) is a core component of a fuel cell, and includes an anode gas diffusion layer, an anode frame, an anode catalyst layer, a proton Membrane, a cathode catalyst layer, a cathode frame, and a cathode gas diffusion layer. Membrane electrodes are the site for heterogeneous mass transport and electrochemical reactions, which determine the performance, life, and cost of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. A high performance battery should have unobstructed hydrogen proton transport channels, electron transport channels, and reactant transport channels to achieve the power output required by the battery with the fastest reaction rate and the least amount of catalyst. In practice, however, the power density of the newly manufactured cell is still low because the structure of the membrane electrode is not optimized during the manufacturing process, such as: (1) during hot pressing, the catalyst and the ionic polymer are excessively pressed, so that the transfer of protons and the transportation speed of electrons are influenced; (2) insufficient or excessive cell humidification results in slow proton transfer, resulting in reduced performance; (3) in the process of assembling and preparing the single cell, good contact between the gas diffusion layer and the CCM cannot be realized, so that the contact resistance is high. For this reason, newly prepared membrane electrodes require activation for normal use.
CN101136477A discloses a method for activating a fuel cell, which comprises passing an anode fuel and a cathode fuel into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber of the fuel cell, respectively, to discharge the fuel cell, wherein the discharge comprises a plurality of discharge stages, the plurality of discharge stages are at least one time interval, and the cell is discharged at a constant current density in each discharge stage. The activation method of the fuel cell membrane electrode can enable the cell to complete the activation operation in a shorter time and enable the cell to have higher output power.
CN105895938A discloses an activation method of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, which comprises the following steps: mounting the initially assembled galvanic pile on an activation table, and detecting the air tightness; introducing nitrogen into both the cathode and the anode of the cell stack for purging; setting a working temperature; the anode is introduced with H without humidification2RH 80% humidified air is introduced into the cathode, the air is normally exhausted, the pressure of the air is 60-100kPa, the current is loaded on the cell stack by utilizing the load, and the stoichiometric ratio of the air to the hydrogen is 3.5 and 1.5 respectively; setting the stoichiometric ratio of air and hydrogen to 3.0 and 1.5 respectively, and continuously operating for 30min under the highest current; the electric current is quickly reduced to 0A, the circuit is disconnected, cooling water is introduced to cool the galvanic pile, the galvanic pile is cooled to the room temperature, then the initially-installed cell pile is secondarily fastened, the compression amount of the cell pile reaches the set technical index, and the fuel cell galvanic pile can be simply, conveniently and quickly activated to the optimal state.
CN110783589A discloses a rapid activation method for a membrane electrode of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and an application thereof, the rapid activation method specifically comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: after leakage testing and purging are carried out on the fuel cell, respectively introducing an oxidant and hydrogen into a cathode and an anode, and then carrying out continuous high-frequency variable pressure braking and activation on the fuel cell, wherein the continuous high-frequency variable pressure braking and activation is to linearly reduce the voltage from the open-circuit voltage to a preset low voltage value at a constant rate, and when the voltage of the cell is reduced to the low voltage value, the current is quickly cut off, and the cell is recovered to the open-circuit voltage; step two: and repeating the first activation step, recording the polarization curve and the power density curve of the activation process in real time in each activation process, and finishing the activation if the polarization curve and the power density curve are overlapped for three times after the activation.
The existing activation mode usually adopts single current density or single voltage for activation, although the activation time is shortened, the activation is not thorough, which is not beneficial to the thorough proceeding of electrode reaction, and the output power density is not high, and simultaneously, the fuel is not reasonably utilized, and the resource is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an activation method for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which adopts stepped voltage activation, and can effectively open a proton transmission channel, an electron transmission channel and a gas transmission channel in the stages of activation polarization, ohmic polarization and mass transfer polarization through cyclic activation of different stepped voltages, so as to efficiently realize activation, and further enable the cell to realize higher power output with the fastest reaction rate and the least catalyst.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an activation method of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing hydrogen into the anode and nitrogen into the cathode of the assembled battery, then carrying out LSV test, and disconnecting the gas source when the tested hydrogen permeation current value is higher than the preset value of current density;
(2) then switching the cathode gas into oxygen or air, maintaining the stoichiometric ratio of the cathode gas to be 2 and the stoichiometric ratio of the anode gas to be 1.1-1.5, carrying out activation treatment, then carrying out a polarization curve test, and if the polarization curves are overlapped for two times after activation, finishing the activation;
wherein the activation treatment comprises 3-step constant voltage activation treatment which is sequentially carried out.
According to the method provided by the invention, on one hand, the introduction of the hydrogen permeation current test process can not only carry out air tightness investigation, but also the three interfaces of the catalyst, the electrolyte and the Nafion in the battery can reach the optimal balance state at the stage, so that the activation time is shortened, and the fuel is saved; on the other hand, the stepwise variable voltage activation is carried out according to the working condition point for the vehicle, particularly the activation is carried out near the rated working condition point for the vehicle, which is beneficial to the rapid opening of proton, electron and gas transmission channels, can lead the catalyst layer to work under the working condition of the optimal vehicle-mounted voltage, reduce the dissolution and the shedding of noble metals in the catalyst, and also can greatly improve the chemical stability of a proton membrane in the battery, particularly under the high current density current, the battery can realize higher power density output with the fastest reaction rate and the least catalyst, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the hydrogen in the step (1) is not humidified.
Preferably, the hydrogen is present in a stoichiometric ratio of 1.1 to 1.6, such as 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, or 1.6, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited within this range are equally applicable.
As a preferable technical means of the present invention, the nitrogen gas in the step (1) is 100% humidified.
Preferably, the nitrogen gas stoichiometric ratio is 2-2.5, such as 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, or 2.5, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in this range are equally applicable.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aeration time of hydrogen and nitrogen in step (1) is not less than 5 hours, and may be, for example, 5 hours, 5.2 hours, 5.4 hours, 5.6 hours, 5.8 hours, 6 hours, 6.5 hours, 7 hours or 8 hours, but is not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not mentioned in the above range are also applicable.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the LSV test in step (1) is started under conditions such that the operating temperature of the battery after aeration is 65 to 85 ℃, for example, 65 ℃, 70 ℃, 75 ℃, 80 ℃ or 85 ℃, but not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other values not listed in this range are also applicable.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the voltage scanning range of the LSV test in the step (1) is 0.1-0.6V.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the LSV test in step (1) may be performed at a scan rate of 2-10mV/s, for example, 2mV/s, 3mV/s, 4mV/s, 5mV/s, 6mV/s, 7mV/s, 8mV/s, 9mV/s, or 10mV/s, but is not limited to the values recited, and other values not recited in this range may be similarly applied.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the preset value of the current density in the step (1) is less than or equal to 5mA/cm2For example, it may be 5mA/cm2、4mA/cm2、3mA/cm2、2mA/cm2Or 1mA/cm2And the like, but are not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited within the range are equally applicable.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the activation treatment in the step (2) is activated for 2 to 4 times under the voltage of 0.85V for 3 to 5min in the first step.
In the present invention, the number of times of the first step activation in the step (2) is 2 to 4, and for example, it may be 2, 3 or 4 times, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range are also applicable.
In the present invention, the time for the first step activation in step (2) is 3 to 5min, and may be, for example, 3min, 4min or 5min, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range are also applicable.
Preferably, the activation treatment of step (2) is performed for a second step of 2-4 times at a voltage of 0.6V for 15-30 min.
In the present invention, the number of the second step activation in the step (2) is 2 to 4, and for example, it may be 2, 3 or 4, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range are also applicable.
In the present invention, the time for the second step activation in step (2) is 15 to 30min, and may be, for example, 15min, 20min, 25min or 30min, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range are also applicable.
Preferably, the activation treatment of step (2) is performed for a third step of 3-5 times at a voltage of 0.5V for 8-15 min.
In the present invention, the number of times of the third step activation in step (2) is 3 to 5, and for example, it may be 3, 4 or 5 times, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range are also applicable.
In the present invention, the time for the third step activation in step (2) is 8 to 15min, for example, 8min, 10min, 12min or 15min, but is not limited to the values listed, and other values not listed in the range are also applicable.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the activation method comprises the steps of:
(1) introducing unhumidified hydrogen into an anode of the assembled battery, introducing 100% humidified nitrogen into a cathode of the assembled battery, then performing an LSV test, and disconnecting an air source when the measured hydrogen permeation current value is higher than the preset value of current density; wherein the preset value of the current density is less than or equal to 5mA/cm2；
(2) Then switching the cathode gas into oxygen or air, maintaining the stoichiometric ratio of the cathode gas to be 2 and the stoichiometric ratio of the anode gas to be 1.1-1.5, carrying out activation treatment, then carrying out a polarization curve test, and if the polarization curves are overlapped for two times after activation, finishing the activation; wherein the activation treatment comprises 3-step constant voltage activation treatment which is sequentially carried out, and the activation treatment is carried out for the first step of 2-4 times of activation under the voltage of 0.85V for 3-5 min; the second step of the activation treatment is that the activation is carried out for 2 to 4 times under the voltage of 0.6V for 15 to 30 min; the third step of the activation treatment is to activate for 3-5 times under 0.5V for 8-15 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) in the method provided by the invention, the three interfaces of the catalyst, the electrolyte and the Nafion in the battery can reach the optimal balance state by introducing the hydrogen permeation current test process, so that the activation time is shortened, and the fuel can be saved.
(2) According to the invention, the stepped variable voltage activation is carried out according to the working condition point for the vehicle, particularly the activation is carried out near the rated working condition point for the vehicle, which is beneficial to quickly opening proton, electron and gas transmission channels, can enable the catalyst layer to work under the working condition of the optimal vehicle-mounted voltage, reduces the dissolution and the shedding of noble metals in the catalyst, can also greatly improve the chemical stability of a proton membrane in the battery, and particularly under the high-current density current, can enable the battery to realize higher power density output with the fastest reaction rate and the least catalyst, and prolongs the service life of the battery.
(3) The activation time of the chemical method provided by the invention is shortened to be within 3.5h, and the peak power is 1840mW/cm2The power density corresponding to 0.6V is 1460mW/cm2The above.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a polarization curve of the completion of the activation of the battery in the embodiment of the present invention.
The present invention is described in further detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the claims, which are defined by the claims.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the invention and to facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions thereof, typical but non-limiting examples of the invention are as follows:
example 1
The embodiment provides an activation method of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
1) the active area is 25cm2The CCM is assembled into a single cell, hydrogen is introduced into the anode, the stoichiometric ratio is 1.1, and no humidification is performed; introducing 100% humidified nitrogen gas into the cathode, wherein the stoichiometric ratio is 2.0, performing LSV test when the working temperature of the battery reaches 70 ℃, introducing cathode and anode gases for 45min, wherein the voltage scanning range is 0.1-0.6V, the scanning speed is 2mV/s, and the preset value of the hydrogen permeation current in an LSV test curve is 2mA/cm2。
2) When the measured hydrogen permeation current value is larger than the preset value of the current density, the gas source is cut off, the cathode gas is switched to oxygen, the stoichiometric ratio is 2.0, and the stoichiometric ratio of the anode pure hydrogen is 1.1.
3) Setting gradient output voltage, activating for 3min for the first step with 0.85V, circulating for 4 times, activating for 0.6V for the second step with 15min, circulating for 4 times, activating for 0.5V for the third step with 8min, and circulating for 4 times.
4) The pressure of the inlet end of the anode is 170kPa, the pressure of the inlet end of the cathode is 150kPa, the temperature of the battery is 70 ℃, the metering ratio of the hydrogen of the anode is 1.6, the metering ratio of the air of the cathode is 2.3, the anode is not humidified, the cathode is humidified by 100 percent, a polarization curve test is carried out, and a curve of the current density changing along with the voltage for the first time is recorded; and then carrying out a second polarization curve test until the two polarization curves are basically overlapped, wherein the polarization curve after activation is shown in figure 1.
The activation time in this example was 1.87 h.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an activation method of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
1) the active area is 25cm2The CCM is assembled into a single cell, hydrogen is introduced into the anode in a stoichiometric ratio of 1.5 without humidification, 100% humidified nitrogen is introduced into the cathode in a stoichiometric ratio of 2.0, when the working temperature of the cell reaches 80 ℃, cathode and anode gases are introduced for 120min and then subjected to an LSV test, the voltage scanning range is 0.1-0.6V, the scanning speed is 10mV/s, and the preset value of hydrogen permeation current in an LSV test curve is 5mA/cm2。
2) The cathode gas was switched to air with an air stoichiometric ratio of 2.0 and the anode pure hydrogen stoichiometric ratio of 1.5.
3) Setting gradient output voltage, activating for 0.85V in the first step for 5min, circulating for 2 times, activating for 0.6V in the second step for 30min, circulating for 4 times, activating for 0.5V in the third step for 15min, and circulating for 3 times.
4) The pressure of the inlet end of the anode is 170kPa, the pressure of the inlet end of the cathode is 150kPa, the temperature of the battery is 80 ℃, the metering ratio of the hydrogen of the anode is 1.6, the metering ratio of the air of the cathode is 2.3, the anode is not humidified, the cathode is humidified by 100 percent, a polarization curve test is carried out, and a curve of the current density changing along with the voltage for the first time is recorded; and then carrying out a second polarization curve test, wherein the two polarization curves are basically overlapped, and the polarization curve after activation is shown in figure 1.
The activation time in this example was 2.92 h.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an activation method of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
1) the active area is 25cm2The CCM is assembled into a single cell, hydrogen is introduced into the anode in a stoichiometric ratio of 1.5, 100% humidified nitrogen is introduced into the cathode in a stoichiometric ratio of 2.0, an LSV test is carried out after cathode and anode gases are introduced for 100min when the working temperature of the cell reaches 75 ℃, the voltage scanning range is 0.1-0.6V, the scanning speed is 5mV/s, and the preset value of hydrogen permeation current in an LSV test curve is 4mA/cm2。
2) The cathode gas was switched to oxygen at a stoichiometric ratio of 2.0 and the anode pure hydrogen at a stoichiometric ratio of 1.5.
3) Setting gradient output voltage, activating for 0.85V in the first step for 4min, circulating for 3 times, activating for 0.6V in the second step for 25min, circulating for 3 times, activating for 0.5V in the third step for 10min, and circulating for 4 times.
4) The pressure of the inlet end of the anode is 170kPa, the pressure of the inlet end of the cathode is 150kPa, the temperature of the battery is 75 ℃, the metering ratio of the hydrogen of the anode is 1.6, the metering ratio of the oxygen of the cathode is 2.0, the anode is not humidified, the cathode is humidified by 100 percent, a polarization curve test is carried out, and a first current density change curve along with the voltage is recorded; and then carrying out a second polarization curve test, wherein the two polarization curves are basically superposed, the activation is completed, and the polarization curve is shown in figure 1.
The activation time in this example was 2.12 h.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the peak powers of examples 1 to 3 were 1840mW/cm respectively2、1940mW/cm2And 1870mW/cm2(ii) a The power density corresponding to the rated voltage of 0.6V is 1480mW/cm2、1758mW/cm2And 1460mW/cm2。
Namely, the activation mode of the invention can obtain better battery performance.
Comparative example 1
The only difference from example 1 is that only the activation of the first gradient was performed, the activation of the second and third gradients was not performed, the activation was completed, and the results of the polarization curve test are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
The only difference from example 1 is that only the activation of the second gradient was performed, the activation of the first and third gradients was not performed, the activation was completed, and the results of the polarization curve test are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 3
The only difference from example 1 is that only the activation of the third gradient was performed, the activation of the first and second gradients was not performed, the activation was completed, and the results of the polarization curve test are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 4
The only difference from example 1 is that only the activation of the first and second gradients was performed, the activation was completed without the activation of the third gradient, and the results of the polarization curve test are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 5
The only difference from example 1 is that only the activation of the first and third gradients was performed, the activation was completed without the activation of the second gradient, and the results of the polarization curve test are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 6
The only difference from example 1 is that only the activation of the second and third gradients was performed, the activation was completed without the activation of the first gradient, and the results of the polarization curve test are shown in table 1.
As can be seen from the results in table 1, high power output of the battery could not be achieved without complete triple gradient activation.
Comparative example 7
The difference from example 1 is only that the activation was carried out for 3min at 0.85V, for 15min at 0.6V and for 8min at 0.5V, and the cycle was repeated 4 times in this order. The activation was complete and the results of the polarization curve test are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 8
The difference from example 1 is that the activation of the first gradient is not cycled, and the activation is directly performed for 12min, i.e. the activation of the first gradient is not cycled step by step, the activation is completed, and the polarization curve test results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 9
The difference from example 1 is that the activation of the second gradient is not cycled, and the activation is directly performed for 60min, i.e. the activation of the first gradient is not cycled step by step, the activation is completed, and the polarization curve test results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 10
The difference from example 1 is that the activation of the third gradient is not cycled, and the direct activation is 32min, i.e. the activation of the first gradient is not cycled step by step, the activation is completed, and the polarization curve test results are shown in table 1.
As is clear from the results in table 1, the high power density output of the battery could not be achieved without performing the cycle activation in the present invention.
TABLE 1 results of polarization curve test for comparative examples 1-10
According to the results of the embodiment and the comparative example, on one hand, the method provided by the invention can not only check the air tightness by introducing the hydrogen permeation current test process, but also enable the three interfaces of the catalyst, the electrolyte and the Nafion in the cell to reach the optimal balance state at the stage, shorten the activation time and save the fuel; on the other hand, the stepwise variable voltage activation is carried out according to the working condition point for the vehicle, particularly the activation is carried out near the rated working condition point for the vehicle, which is beneficial to the rapid opening of proton, electron and gas transmission channels, can lead the catalyst layer to work under the working condition of the optimal vehicle-mounted voltage, reduce the dissolution and the shedding of noble metals in the catalyst, and also can greatly improve the chemical stability of a proton membrane in the battery, particularly under the high current density current, the battery can realize higher power density output with the fastest reaction rate and the least catalyst, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
The applicant declares that the present invention illustrates the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented depending on the above detailed structural features. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modifications of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of selected components of the present invention, additions of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. An activation method of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
(1) introducing hydrogen into the anode and nitrogen into the cathode of the assembled battery, then carrying out LSV test, and disconnecting the gas source when the tested hydrogen permeation current value is higher than the preset value of current density;
(2) then switching the cathode gas into oxygen or air, maintaining the stoichiometric ratio of the cathode gas to be 2 and the stoichiometric ratio of the anode gas to be 1.1-1.5, carrying out activation treatment, then carrying out a polarization curve test, and if the polarization curves are overlapped for two times after activation, finishing the activation;
wherein the activation treatment comprises 3-step variable voltage activation treatment which is performed in sequence.
2. The activation method according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen gas in step (1) is not humidified.
3. The activation method according to claim 1, wherein the stoichiometric ratio of hydrogen in step (1) is 1.1 to 1.6.
4. The activation method of claim 1, wherein the nitrogen gas of step (1) is 100% humidified.
5. The activation method according to claim 1, wherein the stoichiometric ratio of nitrogen in step (1) is 2 to 2.5.
6. The activation method according to claim 1, wherein the aeration time of the hydrogen and nitrogen in the step (1) is not less than 5 hours.
7. The activation method of claim 1, wherein said LSV test of step (1) is initiated at a cell operating temperature of 65-85 ℃ after aeration.
8. The activation method of claim 1, wherein the voltage sweep range of the LSV test of step (1) is 0.1-0.6V.
9. The activation method of claim 1, wherein the LSV test of step (1) has a scan rate of 2 to 10 mV/s.
10. The activation method according to claim 1, wherein the preset value of the current density in the step (1) is less than or equal to 5mA/cm2。
11. The activation method according to claim 1, wherein the activation treatment of the step (2) is performed for 2 to 4 times of activation at a voltage of 0.85V for 3 to 5min as a first step.
12. The activation method according to claim 1, wherein the activation treatment of the step (2) is performed for 2 to 4 times of activation at a voltage of 0.6V for 15 to 30min in the second step.
13. The activation method according to claim 1, wherein the activation treatment of the step (2) is performed for 3 to 5 times at a voltage of 0.5V for 8 to 15min as a third step.
14. The activation process according to any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising the steps of:
(1) introducing unhumidified hydrogen into an anode of the assembled battery, introducing 100% humidified nitrogen into a cathode of the assembled battery, then performing an LSV test, and disconnecting an air source when the measured hydrogen permeation current value is higher than the preset value of current density; wherein the preset value of the current density is less than or equal to 5mA/cm2；
(2) Then switching the cathode gas into oxygen or air, maintaining the stoichiometric ratio of the cathode gas to be 2 and the stoichiometric ratio of the anode gas to be 1.1-1.5, carrying out activation treatment, then carrying out a polarization curve test, and if the polarization curves are overlapped for two times after activation, finishing the activation; the activation treatment comprises 3-step variable voltage activation treatment which is sequentially carried out, wherein the activation treatment is carried out for the first step and is carried out for 2-4 times under the voltage of 0.85V for 3-5 min; the second step of the activation treatment is that the activation is carried out for 2 to 4 times under the voltage of 0.6V for 15 to 30 min; the third step of the activation treatment is to activate for 3-5 times under 0.5V for 8-15 min.
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| CN114976146B (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2023-07-11 | 上海氢晨新能源科技有限公司 | Rapid detection and diagnosis method for single fuel cell and application system thereof |
| CN113809372A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-17 | 北京化工大学 | Method for effectively relieving anode poisoning of proton exchange membrane fuel cell by utilizing differential pressure oxygen permeation |
| CN113871633B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2023-06-30 | 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室) | Method for efficiently activating membrane electrode of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in situ |
| CN114024001B (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-11-08 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Cathode activation method of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack |
| CN114024000B (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-11-08 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Anode activation method of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack |
| CN114883605B (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-09-13 | 武汉氢能与燃料电池产业技术研究院有限公司 | Method for activating single cell of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
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| CN105552405A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-05-04 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Method for improving activation efficiency of fuel cell |
| CN108232243A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2018-06-29 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | The activation method of one proton exchanging film fuel battery |
| CN109950581A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-06-28 | 江苏乾景新能源产业技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of phosphate-doped polybenzimidazoles high temperature film fuel cell membrane electrode process for rapid activation |
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| CN108232243A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2018-06-29 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | The activation method of one proton exchanging film fuel battery |
| CN109950581A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-06-28 | 江苏乾景新能源产业技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of phosphate-doped polybenzimidazoles high temperature film fuel cell membrane electrode process for rapid activation |
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