CN111911191A - Control method for over-sliming loose roof roadway - Google Patents
Control method for over-sliming loose roof roadway Download PDFInfo
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- CN111911191A CN111911191A CN202010680628.6A CN202010680628A CN111911191A CN 111911191 A CN111911191 A CN 111911191A CN 202010680628 A CN202010680628 A CN 202010680628A CN 111911191 A CN111911191 A CN 111911191A
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- loose
- shed
- top plate
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a control method of a mud-passing loose roof roadway, and belongs to the technical field of roadway support. The strength of the coal seam roof after the roof is argillized is low, the cementation of the roof rock stratum is poor, and when a coal seam tunnel is tunneled along the roof, the roof is easy to leak and overflow, so that safe tunneling cannot be realized. The roadway driving along the coal seam safely passes through a argillization loose area by changing the arrangement position of the roadway, reserving top coal with a certain thickness and combining the methods of bottom breaking, shed erecting and anchor net cable supporting. And (3) reserving top coals above the roadway to be excavated for isolating the argillized loose top plate, and reinforcing the reserved top coals in advance by adopting a conduit grouting method to ensure that the reserved top coals have a certain structure and strength, so that leakage, overflow and weathering of the argillized loose top plate rock stratum during excavation are prevented. The method realizes the stability control of the roadway under the condition of the argillized roof, solves the problem of roadway excavation under the condition of the argillized loose roof, and has the advantages of simplicity, easiness, practicability, safe construction, good control effect and obvious economy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control method of a mud-passing loose roof roadway, and belongs to the technical field of roadway support.
Background
The argillization roof influences the tunnel support very big, not only can cause tunnel roof intensity weakening, still can cause the reliability of anchor structure to descend, and the stock (cable) that has installed suffer chronic erosion, and the anchor performance decay causes this type of tunnel to support the difficulty. When the main component of the surrounding rock of the top plate is mudstone, the surrounding rock is broken along with the crack development, and when a roadway tunneled along a coal bed passes through the argillization area, the strength of the roadway top plate is low, the roadway top plate is easy to weather, and if the roadway top plate is not timely and effectively controlled, local or large-area leakage accidents are easy to occur, so that the safety production of a mine is endangered.
When the roadway driving meets the region of a argillized loose top plate, anchor net and cable combined support and grouting reinforcement are generally adopted. The grouting reinforcement technology is one of support technologies frequently adopted for the argillization and the breakage of surrounding rocks in local sections of a roadway top plate and is used for improving the strength of the surrounding rocks and blocking the permeation of aquifer water. However, the erosion of the anchor rods (cables) in the top plate is not reduced, and the stability of the anchoring structure is still threatened. And the traditional grouting material is easy to precipitate out water, low in consolidation rate, not easy to adhere to mudstone, easy to deepen the mudification degree of the top plate of the roadway, low in strength, even expansion, disintegration and the like, and is difficult to control after grouting instead, so that the propelling speed of the roadway is severely limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a control method of a mud-passing loose roof roadway, which can quickly form a roadway
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a control method for a mud-passing loose roof roadway is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step a: changing the tunneling layer position of a coal seam roadway by using a bottom breaking method by taking the reserved coal seam as an artificial top plate, isolating the top plate of the argillization loose layer and preventing the argillization loose layer from overflowing and weathering;
step b: reinforcing the reserved coal seam by installing a conduit shed and grouting, changing the structure of the reserved coal seam and improving the strength of the reserved coal seam;
step c: and controlling the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway by adopting a method of shed erection and roof anchor cable support.
The control method of the over-sliming loose roof roadway according to claim 1, wherein: and a step a, the thickness of the artificial top plate is more than or equal to 1.0m, the coal seam roadway is downwards broken into the roadway bottom plate by adopting a bottom breaking method, and the height of the broken roadway bottom plate is equal to the thickness of the artificial top plate.
The control method of the over-sliming loose roof roadway according to claim 1, wherein: in the step b, the specification of the conduit shed is phi 40mm in diameter and 2.5m in length, the front end of the conduit shed is processed into a conical shape, the conduit body is provided with slurry outlet holes with the diameter of 15mm, the slurry outlet holes are arranged in parallel according to the two sides of the conduit body and are uniformly distributed, the hole pitch is 10cm, and the slurry outlet holes are not arranged at the rear end of the conduit shed by 0.5 m.
The control method of the over-sliming loose roof roadway according to claim 1, wherein: and c, arranging the pipe sheds in the step b in a three-flower mode, wherein the shed distance of installation is 0.5m, the pipe driving angle is 10-15 degrees, and a row of pipe sheds are arranged every 2.0 m.
The control method of the over-sliming loose roof roadway according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step b, grouting is to inject the slurry into the drill hole through the guide pipe, and control the slurry to fill the inside of the drill hole.
The control method of the over-sliming loose roof roadway according to claim 1, wherein: and c, the steel shed used for erecting the shed in the step c is 11-size I-steel for mining, the beam length is 4.0m, and the shed distance for installation is 1.0 m.
The control method of the over-sliming loose roof roadway according to claim 1, wherein: in the step c, the specification of the top plate anchor cable is a steel strand with the diameter of 17.8 multiplied by 7300mm, the anchor cables are arranged in a mode of two, one and two, the first anchor cable is arranged at the middle of the top plate by 1 cable every 2.0m, the second anchor cable is arranged at the middle of the top plate by 2 cables every 2.0m, and the two anchor cables are arranged at the positions of two sides of the top plate at intervals of 1.0m and 2.0 m.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: aiming at the characteristics of low strength, poor bearing capacity, easy efflorescence and the like of a roadway argillization loose roof, the invention adopts the reserved coal bed as an artificial roof process, changes the tunneling layer of the roadway of the coal bed, fundamentally isolates an argillization loose area, simultaneously installs the conduit shed in the artificial roof, and then performs pre-grouting on the conduit shed in advance, can reinforce the reserved coal bed to form a bearing plate, and has obvious reinforcing effect and isolating effect. In order to further consolidate the artificial top plate above and control the stability of a newly excavated roadway, a combined supporting process can be formed by installing anchor net cables on the shed and the top plate, and the process is not complex to operate and is easy to master. By adopting the advanced pre-grouting method of the duct shed, the construction period can be shortened, the construction cost is low, and the economic benefit is good. The invention has the advantages of reasonable design, quick construction progress, good supporting effect and wide popularization and application prospect, and can ensure the safety level and the technical and economic benefits of mine production.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a control method for a dredge-cover loose roof roadway according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a roof roadway of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the top plate of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the catheter structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-reserving a coal bed; 2-a conduit shed; 3, anchor cable; 4-steel sheds; 5-anchor rod; 6-argillization unconsolidation layer; 7-common top plate; 8-a stable rock formation; 9-coal bed; 10-roadway floor; 11-a metal mesh; 12-slurry outlet.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the control method of the roadway with the over-argillization loose roof mainly isolates argillization sources, strengthens top coal and improves the stability of the roadway roof of the argillization loose layer 6. For example, a full-coal-seam rectangular roadway for a certain mine, which is excavated along the top plate of the coal seam 9, has the height of 3.5m and the width of 4.0 m. When the roadway is tunneled through the stable rock stratum 8 section, the common top plate 7 is passed through in a traditional supporting mode. In the area where the argillization unconsolidated formation 6 influencing the support of the roadway to be excavated exists between the coal seam 9 and the stable rock stratum 8 in front of the exploratory area, the specific implementation steps are as follows:
1. reserved coal seam 1 and broken bottom
As shown in fig. 1, when the tunnel is tunneled through a region 6 of argillization and loosening, a coal seam with the thickness of 1m is reserved as an artificial roof 1. Meanwhile, the roadway bottom plate 10 is excavated downwards by 1m so as to ensure that the roadway keeps the original size to be excavated forwards.
2. And a pipe shed 2 is arranged in the reserved coal seam.
As shown in figure 3, the front end of the installed conduit shed is processed into a cone shape, the diameter of the conduit is phi 40mm, and the length of the conduit is 2.5 m. The pipe body is provided with slurry outlet holes 12 with the diameter of 15mm, the slurry outlet holes are arranged in parallel on two sides of the pipe body and are uniformly distributed, the hole distance is 10cm, and the slurry outlet holes are not arranged at the rear end of 0.5 m. As shown in figure 1, the distance between the installation sheds of the conduit shed 2 is 0.5m, the conduit shed is arranged in a three-flower mode, and the driving angle is preferably 10-15 degrees in consideration of the construction difficulty. With the forward advance of the roadway, the roadway is arranged in a row at intervals of 2.0m according to the original mode. If the hole is not convenient to punch, the guide pipe can be changed into a self-drilling grouting anchor rod.
3. Grouting into the installed pipe shed 2.
During grouting, the inside of the drill hole is controlled to be full.
4. And erecting a shed for the roadway in time.
In order to further consolidate the artificial top plate above, control the stability of newly digging the tunnel and erect the tunnel in time. As shown in figure 1, 11-size I-steel for mining is adopted by the steel shed 4, the beam length is 4.0m, and the distance between the installation sheds is 1.0 m.
5. And installing an anchor net cable on the artificial roof 1.
Referring to fig. 1, the roof anchor cable 3 is made of 17.8 mm diameter steel strand 7300 mm. The top plate anchor cables are arranged in a mode of 'two and two', wherein 1 anchor cable is arranged at the middle of the top plate for every 2.0m in the mode of one anchor cable, 2 anchor cables are arranged at the middle of the top plate for every 2.0m in the mode of two anchor cables, and the anchor cables are arranged at the positions, 1.0m respectively, of two sides in the top plate at intervals, and are 2.0m apart.
Each anchor cable is anchored by two MSCK2335 and two MSZ2360 resin cartridges; the installation pretightening force is not lower than 100kN and not higher than 120 kN. The anchoring force is not lower than 200 kN. The anchor cable tray is a square steel plate with the thickness of 300mm multiplied by 20 mm.
The tunnel roof and the tunnel side mesh adopt a longitude and latitude mesh or a phi 6mm reinforcing mesh 11, and the specification of the longitude and latitude mesh is as follows: the mesh specification is 50 x 50mm, and the mesh specification is the width of the roadway plus 400mm x the row spacing plus 100 mmmm. Specification of the reinforcing mesh: the mesh specification is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, and the mesh specification is 2000mm multiplied by 1100 mm. The lapping length of the meshes is 100mm, the meshes are connected by 16-gauge lead wires, and the meshes are connected by double-wire double-buckle.
6. And (5) arranging anchor rods 5 on two sides of the roadway.
As shown in figure 1, two sides adopt phi 18mm deformed steel bar anchor rods, the length of the anchor rods is 1800mm, the row spacing between the anchor rods is 1000 multiplied by 1000mm, 3 anchors are arranged in each row, the middle anchor rod is vertically arranged in the middle of the roadway side, and the upper anchor rod and the lower anchor rod are arranged in an inclined way by 20 degrees.
Each anchor rod is anchored by one MSK2335 and one MSZ2360 resin cartridge. The anchor rod prestress is 30-40 KN, and the anchor rod anchoring force is 160 KN. The exposed length is 10-50 mm, and the anchor rod tray specification is 150X 10 mm.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A control method for a mud-passing loose roof roadway is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step a: changing the tunneling layer position of a coal seam roadway by using the reserved coal seam (1) as an artificial top plate and adopting a bottom breaking method, isolating the top plate of the argillization loose layer (6) and preventing the argillization loose layer (6) from overflowing and weathering;
step b: reinforcing the reserved coal seam (1) by adopting a method of installing a conduit shed (2) and grouting, changing the structure of the reserved coal seam (1) and improving the strength of the reserved coal seam (1);
step c: and controlling the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway by adopting a method of shed erection and roof anchor cable support.
2. The control method of the over-sliming loose roof roadway according to claim 1, wherein: and a step a, the thickness of the artificial top plate is more than or equal to 1.0m, the coal seam roadway is downwards broken into the roadway bottom plate (10) by adopting a bottom breaking method, and the height of the broken roadway bottom plate (10) is equal to the thickness of the artificial top plate.
3. The control method of the over-sliming loose roof roadway according to claim 1, wherein: in the step b, the specification of the conduit shed (2) is phi 40mm in diameter and 2.5m in length, the front end of the conduit shed is processed into a conical shape, the conduit body is provided with slurry outlet holes with the diameter of 15mm, the slurry outlet holes are arranged in parallel according to the two sides of the conduit body and are uniformly distributed, the hole pitch is 10cm, and the slurry outlet holes are not arranged at the rear end of the conduit shed (2) of which the diameter is 0.5 m.
4. The control method of the over-sliming loose roof roadway according to claim 1, wherein: and c, arranging the conduit sheds (2) in the step b in a three-flower mode, wherein the mounted shed distance is 0.5m, the conduit driving angle is 10-15 degrees, and a row of conduit sheds (2) are arranged every 2.0 m.
5. The control method of the over-sliming loose roof roadway according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step b, grouting is to inject the slurry into the drill hole through the guide pipe, and control the slurry to fill the inside of the drill hole.
6. The control method of the over-sliming loose roof roadway according to claim 1, wherein: and c, the steel shed (4) used for erecting the shed in the step c is 11-size I-steel for mining, the beam length is 4.0m, and the shed distance for installation is 1.0 m.
7. The control method of the over-sliming loose roof roadway according to claim 1, wherein: in the step c, the specification of the top plate anchor cable (3) is a steel strand with the diameter of 17.8 multiplied by 7300mm, the anchor cable (3) is arranged in a mode of two for two, one is arranged at the middle of the top plate by 1 for every 2.0m, and two are arranged at the positions of two sides in the top plate at the interval of 1.0m and 2.0m respectively by 2.0 m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010680628.6A CN111911191A (en) | 2020-07-15 | 2020-07-15 | Control method for over-sliming loose roof roadway |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010680628.6A CN111911191A (en) | 2020-07-15 | 2020-07-15 | Control method for over-sliming loose roof roadway |
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| CN111911191A true CN111911191A (en) | 2020-11-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010680628.6A Pending CN111911191A (en) | 2020-07-15 | 2020-07-15 | Control method for over-sliming loose roof roadway |
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| Country | Link |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112576276A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-30 | 彬县水帘洞煤炭有限责任公司 | Rock coal supporting method based on loose rock coal seam grouting reinforcement |
| CN114294018A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for rapid passing of advanced dense top protection layer grouting in loose slip region |
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| SU1401139A1 (en) * | 1986-03-03 | 1988-06-07 | Институт Горного Дела Со Ан Ссср | Method of erecting a yieldable concrete support |
| CN1594835A (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2005-03-16 | 中国矿业大学 | Three dimensional anchor cable bolting technology in heading |
| CN102966359A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-03-13 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 | Working face ventilation oxidization zone roof control method |
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-
2020
- 2020-07-15 CN CN202010680628.6A patent/CN111911191A/en active Pending
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| CN203271766U (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-11-06 | 中冶交通工程技术有限公司 | Grouting pipe and grouting device of pipe shed advanced support |
| CN106250681A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-21 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of Forecasting Methodology for immediate roof stability |
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| Title |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112576276A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-30 | 彬县水帘洞煤炭有限责任公司 | Rock coal supporting method based on loose rock coal seam grouting reinforcement |
| CN114294018A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-08 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for rapid passing of advanced dense top protection layer grouting in loose slip region |
| CN114294018B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2024-01-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Quick grouting passing method for advanced dense top protection layer in loose sliding area |
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Application publication date: 20201110 |
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