CN103485808B - Electro-osmosis home position modified roadway anchoring method of underground swelling soft rock - Google Patents
Electro-osmosis home position modified roadway anchoring method of underground swelling soft rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN103485808B CN103485808B CN201310476691.8A CN201310476691A CN103485808B CN 103485808 B CN103485808 B CN 103485808B CN 201310476691 A CN201310476691 A CN 201310476691A CN 103485808 B CN103485808 B CN 103485808B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electro-osmosis home position modified roadway anchoring method of underground swelling soft rock. The method includes the steps that first, shotcrete support is timely conducted on surrounding rock of a soft rock roadway, and further water absorption softening of the surrounding rock is prevented; anchor bolt support is conducted on the closed soft rock on the rear portion of a working face, with the aid of electro-osmosis drainage, the moisture content of weak surrounding rock is lowered, and home position strength is maintained; then, moisture containing soft rock is reinforced through the joint action of grouting crack plugging and bolt-grouting supporting, and the roadway can be kept to be in a steady state for a long time. According to the electro-osmosis home position modified roadway anchoring method of the underground swelling soft rock, the reinforcement of the moisture containing soft rock is achieved through the joint action of electro-osmosis drainage, guniting, anchor rods and bolt-grouting supporting, an effective technical method for reducing the moisture content of low-permeability soft rock is achieved, and meanwhile the drivage efficiency of soft rock engineering can be guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of roadway rock reinforce, the method for especially a kind of down-hole expanding water holding class soft-rock tunnel anchoring.
Background technology
Namely soft rock is called weak stratum, has strong expansion, the easily physico-mechanical properties such as disturbance, easy disintegrating.Soft rock is comparatively complete, hard under native state, and mechanical property is good, to meet after water undergoes rapid expansion in the short time, disintegration and softening, and every mechanical strength index constantly reduces along with the increase of water content and the prolongation of full water time.
Along with continuing to increase of the resource exploitation degree of depth, the situation of passing through weak broken rock stratum in the Important Project such as metallurgical mine tunnel, power station chamber, coal mine roadway increases increasingly, brings very large challenge to roadway construction technology and supporting.Water in country rock of soft rock roadway has two parts to originate usually, and a part comes from capillary water and the Bound moisture of rock mass inside, and another part then comes from jewel hole, spraying etc. and to construct the Free water brought.For roadway surrounding rock, moisture content is higher, and rock mass mechanics intensity is lower, and stability is poorer.Therefore, if reduce the moisture content in country rock, then the in situ strength of soft rock can be made to be improved.
In soft rock roadway support, shotcrete, Bolt net and jet, shotcrete rack series technique, steelframe supporting series technique, concrete filled steel tube series technique, work stone arch supporting series technique and grouting and reinforcing series technique etc. are defined at present.Above-mentioned Support Technology in Soft Rock Roadway, serves certain effect to soft-rock tunnel, is all the technology of a large amount of uses of comparative maturity, but is all carry out technical work in support system, ignores country rock self-strength problem.
So improve country rock in situ strength by reducing moisture content in swell potential index, it is the effective technical way improving swell potential index roadway support intensity.
Summary of the invention
Because Soft Rock Engineering is water funk, but in nature or engineering construction, can not water be avoided again, for solving this conspicuous contradiction, the object of the invention is on the basis of existing traditional bolt-spary supports, bolting with wire mesh, bolting and grouting support, the method of a kind of expanding water holding class soft-rock tunnel anchoring is provided, by improving soft rock self stability, impelling anchoring support effect to be able to normal performance, improving surrounding rock supporting quality.
The in-situ modified alley way anchor solid method of electroosmotic drainage of expanded downhole soft rock, its technical scheme is:
The first step, first whitewash to the tunnel of digging, shotcrete with steel bar nets carries out closed country rock, gunite layer thickness, at 30-50mm, prevents country rock from absorbing water further softening;
Second step, by designing requirement, on drift section, drilling carries out bolt support, conduction steel pipe and anchor pole is alternately arranged in each boring, and that is: anchor pole is arranged in a boring, conduction steel pipe is just arranged in its adjacent boring; When installing conduction steel pipe, it is temporary fixed that drilling orifice place should adopt notched rubber sleeve to carry out;
Described conduction steel pipe is furnished with at interval of certain distance the permeable hole that aperture is 7 ~ 8mm on common steel tube, and permeable hole is arranged symmetrically with in the surrounding of steel pipe; Steel pipe should scribble insulating layer towards the one end outside hole except cable connecting part position;
For the ease of to draining outside hole, portion of the side boring of above-mentioned installation conduction steel pipe should be inclined upwardly, and the inclination elevation angle is not less than 5 degree;
3rd step, using adjacent two conduction steel pipes up and down as anode and negative electrode, its Anodic upper, negative electrode under; Anode with negative electrode are connected 60V ~ 72V direct current, are energized; Moisture in rock soil medium, under the condition applying electromotive force, produces electroosmosis, collects along hole to movable cathode, by outside the permeable hole of negative electrode conduction steel pipe and the space tap between conduction steel pipe and boring;
Overall order during energising is that first top, rear two is helped, and carries out forward successively along work plane tunneling direction; For the regional area that electric osmose has some setbacks, should repeatedly be energized several times; When detecting moisture soft rock sample moisture content and being not more than 3%, stop energising, remove energizing source;
In order to meet underground coal mine requirement of explosion proof, anti-explosion set should be installed in the cable junction of conduction steel pipe;
4th step, takes off the rubber sleeve at drilling orifice place, changes the stop grouting plug of falling wedge shape, close gap, drilling orifice place, the steel pipe that now conducts electricity uses as grouted anchor bar, and the steel pipe that will conduct electricity is connected with filling system, by grouting process to soft rock crack grouting, grouting and reinforcing is carried out to roadway surrounding rock; Design grouting pressure to be achieved or when meeting slurries injection rate, slip casting completes;
Grouting sequence is two to help behind first top, carries out forward successively along work plane tunneling direction.
Above-mentioned anchor pole can adopt end anchorage anchor pole, and depth of placement and the array pitch of boring design routinely.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
First gunite is timely carried out to country rock of soft rock roadway, prevent country rock from absorbing water further softening; At work plane rear, bolt support is carried out to the soft rock closed, and by electric drainage, the moisture content in weak surrounding rock is reduced, keep in situ strength, not only can strengthen the self-bearing capacity of soft rock, soft rock anchoring support effect can also be significantly improved; By slip casting shutoff crack, bolt-grouting support synergy, moisture soft rock is reinforced again, tunnel can be kept to be in stable state for a long time.
The present invention adopts electric drainage and whitewashing, anchor pole, bolt-grouting support synergy to carry out moisture soft rock reinforcing, is a kind of effective technology method reducing hypotonicity soft rock moisture content, also can ensure the drivage efficiency of Soft Rock Engineering simultaneously.
Construction technology of the present invention is simple, workable, meets the requirement of soft-rock tunnel engineering control, and this technical method environmental protection, economy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is construction profile of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of conduction steel pipe of the present invention.
In figure: 1-gunite layer; 2-boring; 3-anchor pole; 4-conduction steel pipe; 5-rubber sleeve; 6-anode; 7-anti-explosion set; 8-negative electrode; 9-cable; 10-dc source; 11-filling system; 12-the stop grouting plug of falling wedge shape; 13-insulating layer; 14-permeable hole.
Detailed description of the invention
The technical scheme that invention will be further ex-plained with reference to the appended drawings.
The in-situ modified alley way anchor solid method of electroosmotic drainage of expanded downhole soft rock, its technical scheme is:
The first step, first carry out conventional whitewashing to the tunnel of digging, shotcrete with steel bar nets closes country rock, gunite layer 1 thickness, at 30-50mm, prevents country rock from absorbing water further softening;
Second step, by designing requirement, on drift section, drilling 2 carries out bolt support, conduction steel pipe 4 and anchor pole 3 are alternately arranged in each boring 2, as can be seen from Figure 1: described alternately layout is meant to: arrange anchor pole 3 in a boring, just arranges conduction steel pipe 4 in the boring that it is adjacent; When installing conduction steel pipe 4, the 2 aperture places that hole should adopt notched rubber sleeve 5 to carry out temporary fixed;
As shown in Figure 2, be furnished with at interval of certain distance the permeable hole 14 that aperture is 7 ~ 8mm at the side face of common steel tube, permeable hole 14 is arranged symmetrically with in steel pipe surrounding described conduction steel pipe 4 structure; Steel pipe should scribble insulating layer 13 towards the one end outside hole except cable connecting part position;
For the ease of to draining outside hole, portion of the side boring 2 of above-mentioned installation conduction steel pipe 4 should be inclined upwardly, and the inclination elevation angle is not less than 5 degree;
3rd step, using adjacent two conduction steel pipes 4 as anode 6 and negative electrode 8, its Anodic 6 upper, negative electrode 8 under; Anode 6 with negative electrode 8 are connected 60V ~ 72V dc source by cable 9, are energized; Moisture in rock soil medium, under the condition applying electromotive force, produces electroosmosis, collects along hole to movable cathode, outside being portalled by the negative electrode conduction permeable hole of steel pipe and hole wall interstitial row; Direct current can be produced by down-hole alternating current Transformer Rectifier;
Overall order during energising is carry out from top to bottom, and first top, rear two is helped, and carries out forward successively along work plane tunneling direction; For the regional area that electric osmose has some setbacks, should repeatedly be energized several times; When detecting moisture soft rock sample moisture content and being not more than 3%, stop energising, remove energizing source;
In order to meet underground coal mine requirement of explosion proof, anti-explosion set 7 should be installed in the cable junction of conduction steel pipe 4;
4th step, takes off aperture place rubber sleeve 5, changes the stop grouting plug of falling wedge shape 12, close gap, aperture place, the steel pipe 4 that now conducts electricity becomes grouted anchor bar, is connected by conduction steel pipe with filling system 11, by traditional grouting process to soft rock crack grouting, grouting and reinforcing is carried out to roadway surrounding rock; Design grouting pressure to be achieved or when meeting slurries injection rate, slip casting completes;
Grouting sequence is two to help behind first top, carries out forward successively along work plane tunneling direction.
Above-mentioned common bolt 3 can adopt end anchorage anchor pole, and depth of placement and the array pitch of bolthole design routinely.
Above-mentioned grouting pressure is 1-5MPa, should the accelerating admixture of the certain proportioning of admixture and water reducing agent routinely in grouting serous fluid.
Claims (4)
1. the in-situ modified alley way anchor solid method of the electroosmotic drainage of expanded downhole soft rock, is characterized in that:
The first step, first whitewash to the tunnel of digging, shotcrete with steel bar nets carries out closed country rock, gunite layer thickness, at 30-50mm, prevents country rock from absorbing water further softening;
Second step, by designing requirement, on drift section, drilling carries out bolt support, conduction steel pipe and anchor pole is alternately arranged in each boring, and that is: anchor pole is arranged in a boring, conduction steel pipe is just arranged in its adjacent boring; When installing conduction steel pipe, it is temporary fixed that drilling orifice place should adopt notched rubber sleeve to carry out;
Described conduction steel pipe is that interval is furnished with the permeable hole that aperture is 7 ~ 8mm on common steel tube, and permeable hole is arranged symmetrically with in the surrounding of steel pipe; Steel pipe should scribble insulating layer towards the one end outside hole except cable connecting part position;
3rd step, using adjacent two conduction steel pipes up and down as anode and negative electrode, its Anodic upper, negative electrode under; Anode with negative electrode are connected 60V ~ 72V direct current, are energized; Moisture in rock soil medium, under the condition applying electromotive force, produces electroosmosis, collects along hole to movable cathode, by outside the permeable hole of negative electrode conduction steel pipe and the space tap between conduction steel pipe and boring;
Overall order during energising is that first top, rear two is helped, and carries out forward successively along work plane tunneling direction; For the regional area that electric osmose has some setbacks, should repeatedly be energized several times; When detecting moisture soft rock sample moisture content and being not more than 3%, stop energising, remove energizing source;
4th step, takes off the rubber sleeve at drilling orifice place, changes the stop grouting plug of falling wedge shape, close gap, drilling orifice place, the steel pipe that now conducts electricity uses as grouted anchor bar, and the steel pipe that will conduct electricity is connected with filling system, by grouting process to soft rock crack grouting, grouting and reinforcing is carried out to roadway surrounding rock; Design grouting pressure to be achieved or when meeting slurries injection rate, slip casting completes;
Grouting sequence is two to help behind first top, carries out forward successively along work plane tunneling direction.
2. the in-situ modified alley way anchor solid method of electroosmotic drainage of expanded downhole soft rock as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, portion of the side boring of installing conduction steel pipe should be inclined upwardly, and the inclination elevation angle is not less than 5 degree.
3. the in-situ modified alley way anchor solid method of electroosmotic drainage of expanded downhole soft rock as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, anti-explosion set should be installed in the cable junction of conduction steel pipe.
4. the in-situ modified alley way anchor solid method of electroosmotic drainage of expanded downhole soft rock as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described anchor pole is end anchorage anchor pole.
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| CN104878760B (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2016-06-15 | 兰州理工大学 | A kind of side slope is from draining electric osmose anchor pole and construction method |
| CN104846711B (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2017-11-03 | 河海大学 | The electroosmosis method reinforced for soil-slope |
| CN105927243B (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2018-06-22 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of underground country rock tomography suspension device and method for protecting support |
| CN110966008B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2023-03-17 | 兰州理工大学 | Pre-reinforcement construction method of water-rich loess and tunnel construction method |
| CN111980433A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-24 | 河海大学 | Electrochemical nondestructive repair method for weak structural surface of ancient city wall |
| CN111894625B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-03-08 | 高军 | Large-section weak surrounding rock high-prestress anchor rod supporting method and device |
| CN112065502A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-11 | 兰州理工大学 | Method for rapid drainage consolidation in water-rich loess tunnel excavation process |
| CN114215531A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-22 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Coal mine tunnel ultra-soft surrounding rock modification method and structure |
| CN116856434B (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2024-03-26 | 江苏科技大学 | Slope reinforcement device and reinforcement method thereof |
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| CN101319612A (en) * | 2008-07-23 | 2008-12-10 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Electrochemical stabilization method for soft rock |
| CN102505949A (en) * | 2011-11-12 | 2012-06-20 | 山西煤炭运销集团科学技术研究有限公司 | Support method for coal seam roadway to cross gob |
| CN102562090A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-07-11 | 太原理工大学 | Electrode optimization placement method for improving stability of surrounding rocks in roadway |
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| SU1618892A1 (en) * | 1988-01-28 | 1991-01-07 | Научно-исследовательский институт оснований и подземных сооружений им.Н.М.Герсеванова | Method of anchoring lining in soil |
| CN101319612A (en) * | 2008-07-23 | 2008-12-10 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Electrochemical stabilization method for soft rock |
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