CN116856434B - Slope reinforcement device and reinforcement method thereof - Google Patents

Slope reinforcement device and reinforcement method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116856434B
CN116856434B CN202310835096.2A CN202310835096A CN116856434B CN 116856434 B CN116856434 B CN 116856434B CN 202310835096 A CN202310835096 A CN 202310835096A CN 116856434 B CN116856434 B CN 116856434B
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China
Prior art keywords
rod body
adjustable rod
expansion
grouting
slope
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CN116856434A (en
Inventor
张雷
金海晖
王炳辉
贾仲泽
张云飞
王丽艳
吴涛
吴思麟
汤俊峰
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Publication of CN116856434A publication Critical patent/CN116856434A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20Securing of slopes or inclines
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E02D17/202Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/76Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/23Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation

Abstract

The invention discloses a slope reinforcement device, which comprises a recyclable anchor rod and a protective net, wherein the protective net is arranged on the outer surface of the recyclable anchor rod; the recoverable anchor rod comprises a grouting hole, an expansion rotating shaft, a base plate, a grouting stop plug, an adjustable rod body, an expansion sliding block and a shrinkage stop block, wherein the grouting hole is formed in the inner surface of the adjustable rod body, the base plate, the grouting stop plug, the expansion sliding block and the shrinkage stop block are arranged on the outer surface of the adjustable rod body, and the expansion and shrinkage of the adjustable rod body are controlled by rotating the expansion rotating shaft to control the distance between the expansion sliding block and the shrinkage stop block. The protection net comprises geotextile and a fixed anchor, wherein the geotextile is tightly attached to the outer wall of the adjustable rod body and can expand and contract along with the adjustable rod body, and the fixed anchor is arranged on the geotextile and is connected with the inner wall of the drill hole. The invention also discloses a reinforcing method of the slope reinforcing device. The invention can recycle the anchor rod, can utilize electroosmosis to adjust the water content of the soil body of the side slope in real time, further improves the stability of the side slope and effectively prevents landslide hazard.

Description

Slope reinforcement device and reinforcement method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of slope reinforcement, and particularly relates to a slope reinforcement device and a slope reinforcement method.
Background
At present in ChinaConventional anchor rods are commonly used for reinforcing rock and soil bodies, but most of the anchor rods are abandoned in stratum after being used up. The length of the anchor rod is long, often exceeds the red line of the land and is left underground for a long time, and the problem of bad effect is generated. In this background, the anchor rod recycling technology, that is, the technology of removing and recycling the anchor rods after the anchor rods are used, has been developed as one of the fastest growing green construction technologies in recent years. However, with the anchor rod removed, the cohesive force of the surrounding rock masscAnd internal friction angleφThe bearing capacity of the rock-soil body is greatly weakened, so that the anchor bar dismantling position is required to be filled, and the filler can replace the anchor rod to provide corresponding strength and resistance, thereby meeting the requirements of slope support. Landslide is a sliding geological phenomenon of a slope rock-soil body along a through shearing fracture surface.
The common prevention measures at present mainly comprise anchor rods, a steel wire rope net, supporting ropes, sewing ropes, grids, landslide protection nets and the like, and the methods generally have certain protection limits, can only slow down landslide hazard, cannot avoid landslide phenomenon, and are not easy to recycle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a slope reinforcement device which can effectively prevent landslide hazard generation and has high stability, and the other aim of the invention is to provide a reinforcement method of the green recyclable slope reinforcement device.
The technical scheme is as follows: the slope reinforcement device comprises a recyclable anchor rod and a protective net, wherein the protective net is arranged on the outer surface of the recyclable anchor rod; the recoverable anchor rod comprises a grouting hole, an expansion rotating shaft, a base plate, a grouting stop plug, an adjustable rod body, an expansion sliding block and a shrinkage stop block, wherein the grouting hole is formed in the inner surface of the adjustable rod body, the base plate, the grouting stop plug, the expansion sliding block and the shrinkage stop block are arranged on the outer surface of the adjustable rod body, and the expansion and shrinkage of the adjustable rod body are controlled by rotating the expansion rotating shaft to control the distance between the expansion sliding block and the shrinkage stop block.
Further, the protective net comprises a geotextile and a fixed anchor, wherein the geotextile is tightly attached to the outer wall of the adjustable rod body and can expand and contract along with the adjustable rod body, and the fixed anchor is arranged on the geotextile and is connected with the inner wall of the drill hole. The geotextile is wrapped with iron wire for electroosmosis. The water content sensor is arranged in the fixed anchor. The water content sensor transmits data to the water content detection chamber, and the opening and stopping of electroosmosis are controlled according to the change of the water content, so that the water content of the side slope is maintained within a safe range.
Furthermore, the recoverable anchor rods are distributed on the side slope in an array manner, and electroosmosis treatment can be sequentially carried out.
Further, when the expanding and contracting sliding block is in contact with the contraction stopping block, the diameter of the adjustable rod body is the largest.
Further, when the expansion sliding blocks are contacted pairwise, the diameter of the adjustable rod body is minimum.
The reinforcing method of the slope reinforcing device comprises the following steps:
step one, drilling holes on a side slope and cleaning the side slope;
step two, sleeving the protective net on the outer surface of the adjustable rod body and installing the protective net in the drilled hole, and fixing the position of the protective net through the backing plate;
rotating the expansion and contraction rotating shaft to enable the adjustable rod body to fully expand until the adjustable rod body is abutted against the inner wall of the drill hole, and reversely rotating the expansion and contraction rotating shaft to enable the adjustable rod body to shrink to the original state after the protection net is anchored with the inner wall of the drill hole;
fourthly, grouting is carried out for the first time from the grouting holes, and the drilling holes are sealed through the grouting plugs after grouting is completed;
step five, dismantling the recoverable anchor rod after the grout is solidified, grouting the middle empty position for the second time by adopting a grout-solid gravel pile method, and replacing the recoverable anchor rod by utilizing the grout-solid gravel pile method to maintain the pulling resistance;
step six, after the slurry is solidified and formed, according to the condition that a water content sensor in the protective net collects the water content of the soil body, judging whether electroosmosis is required to be started, draining water in the side slope to a lower water collecting area, and reinforcing the side slope;
and step seven, stopping electroosmosis after the water content is reduced to a set value.
In the sixth step, during electroosmosis, every two adjacent rows of electrodes are in a group, the electrodes in the same row are connected in series, one row close to the bottom of the slope is connected with the negative electrode of an external direct current power supply, and the other row close to the top of the slope is connected with the positive electrode of the external direct current power supply, so that water in the slope migrates from the anode to the cathode under the electroosmosis effect, and effective cyclic consolidation is realized.
Working principle: the anchor rod support and electroosmosis drainage are combined to carry out reinforcement treatment on the side slope, the water content of the soil body is reduced while the soil body of the side slope is anchored, and physical and mechanical indexes such as the bearing capacity and the shear strength of the soil body are further improved. In addition, geotextile plays a role of reinforcing, and the anchor rods are replaced by the slurry-fixed gravel piles after being recycled, so that the corresponding tensile property is maintained. After construction is completed, the electroosmosis system timely opens and closes through monitoring the change of the water content of the soil body in real time, forms a direct current electric field in the soil body, timely discharges water, maintains the water content of the side slope within a safe range, relieves secondary disasters caused by the too high water content of the side slope due to precipitation, and effectively prevents landslide disasters.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable characteristics:
1. the anchor rod can be recycled, the water content of the soil body of the side slope can be regulated in real time by utilizing electroosmosis, the stability of the side slope is further improved, and landslide disasters are effectively prevented; the anchoring effect of the anchor rod is combined with electroosmosis drainage consolidation, so that a synergistic slope control effect can be achieved;
2. the anchoring performance is provided by a slurry-solid gravel pile method instead of the anchor rod recovery method, so that the economic loss is reduced, and the metal pollution of soil body is avoided;
3. the binding effect of the geotextile on the concrete column can reduce cracking, provide long-term anchoring performance and play a certain role in bonding between the concrete and the slope soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the invention at the expansion and contraction rotation shaft 102;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the protection net 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a top view of the adjustable rod body 105 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a geotextile 201 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a construction layout of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-3, the recoverable anchor rod 1 of the slope reinforcement device comprises a grouting hole 101, an expansion and contraction rotating shaft 102, a backing plate 103, a grouting stop 104, an adjustable rod body 105, an expansion and contraction sliding block 106 and a shrinkage stop 107, wherein the grouting hole 101 is arranged on the inner surface of the adjustable rod body 105, and the grouting hole 101 is used for penetrating through a grouting pipe, so that the grouting pipe can be smoothly conveyed to the bottom end of the device to perform grouting on a space between the recoverable anchor rod 1 and the inner wall of a drill hole, and meanwhile, the grouting pipe can be limited. The adjustable rod body 105 is made of rubber by the grout stop 104 and is attached to the drilling opening. The expanding and contracting slide block 106 and the contraction stopping block 107 are connected with the adjustable rod body 105, and the surface of the adjustable rod body is provided with a rubber sleeve, so that touch abrasion is reduced, and soil particle leakage is prevented. The outer surface of the adjustable rod body 105 is provided with a base plate 103, a grout stop 104, an expansion and contraction slide block 106 and an expansion and contraction stop block 107, and the expansion and contraction rotating shaft 102 can adjust the relative distance between the expansion and contraction slide block 106 and the expansion and contraction stop block 107 through rotation in different directions, so that the control of expansion and contraction of the adjustable rod body 105 in different degrees is realized. When the expanding and contracting slide block 106 is contacted with the contraction stop block 107, the diameter of the adjustable rod body 105 is the largest; when the expansion and contraction sliding blocks 106 are contacted pairwise, the diameter of the adjustable rod body 105 is the smallest. The backing plate 103 is arranged above the drill hole, so that the position of the recyclable anchor rod 1 can be fixed, and the grout stop plug 104 is arranged below the backing plate 103, so that the overflow of grout during grouting is reduced, and the grouting is tightly compacted.
The protection net 2 comprises a geotextile 201 and a fixed anchor 202, wherein the geotextile 201 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the adjustable rod body 105 and can expand and contract along with the adjustable rod body 105, and the fixed anchor 202 is arranged on the geotextile 201 and is connected with the inner wall of a drilled hole. The geotextile 201 has a certain expansion and contraction performance, can adapt to the expansion and contraction adjustment of the adjustable rod body 105, is formed by winding and arranging a sufficient amount of iron wires between the structures, is connected with an external direct current power supply through wires, can be used as an electrode after being electrified, and provides a direct current electric field for soil body. The geotextile 201 is preferably a bamboo mesh which blends into a slope when extruded, and under the shear strength of each other, creates a large tensile force and also acts to support the load. The meshes of the bamboo rib mesh geotextile 201 are embedded with soil particles, and the interlocking effect of the meshes increases the shear strength of the side slope, so that the mesh geotextile has a strong function of restraining deformation, and the overall bearing capacity of the side slope is improved. The fixed anchors 202 are distributed on the outer side of the geotextile 201 and are tightly connected with the geotextile 201, the geotextile 201 can be anchored with the adjustable rod body 105 after the adjustable rod body 105 is expanded to be attached to the inner wall of a borehole, a water content sensor, preferably an FD-350 water content sensor, is preset on the fixed anchors 202, the measuring range is 0-100% (adjustable measuring range is 0-60%), the measuring precision is +/-3%, and the adjustable rod body is connected with an external detection system through a wire, so that the change condition of the water content of a side slope can be detected in real time. The water content sensor transmits data to the water content detection chamber, and the electroosmosis is controlled to be started and stopped according to the change of the water content, so that the water content of the side slope is maintained within a safe range, and the control program is the existing program.
As shown in fig. 4, the pile forming structure is respectively a slurry-fixed gravel pile, a bonding layer and a protective net 2 from inside to outside.
As shown in fig. 5, a plurality of recoverable anchor rods 1 and protective nets 2 are arranged and inserted into corresponding holes of a side slope according to design requirements. In the slurry-solid piling process, the protective net 2 plays a role of reinforcing, can be used as an electrode after piling, and in the electroosmosis process, every two rows (in the horizontal direction) of piles form one group from top to bottom, only one group of electroosmosis is started each time, the upper row is used as an anode, and the lower row is used as a cathode, so that an electric field obliquely downward along a slope is provided, and water in the soil can move from the anode to the cathode. The upper electroosmosis cathode is converted into the upper electroosmosis cathode, the lower electroosmosis cathode is used as the upper electroosmosis cathode, and the operation is sequentially and circularly repeated as described above, so that water in the slope soil body smoothly goes down to the lower water collecting area, the water content of the slope soil body is reduced as a whole, and the slope stability is further improved.
The reinforcing method of the slope reinforcing device comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting sunny weather for construction, determining a slope area to be treated on a construction site, adopting corresponding instruments to develop a drilling procedure according to a construction scheme, and cleaning for multiple times after drilling and forming to ensure that the inside of the aperture is flat and stable.
S2, each recoverable anchor rod 1 and a circle of protective net 2 are in a group, the protective net 2 is sleeved on the outer surface of the adjustable rod body 105 and is arranged in a drilled hole according to the position of the hole in the earlier stage, and the position of the protective net is fixed through the backing plate 103.
S3, the adjustable rod body 105 is fully expanded by rotating the expansion and contraction rotating shaft 102 until the adjustable rod body 105 is abutted against the inner wall of the drill hole, after the fixed anchors 202 of the protection net 2 are fully inserted into the soil body of the inner wall and anchored with the inner wall of the drill hole, the adjustable rod body 105 is contracted to the original state by reversely rotating the expansion and contraction rotating shaft 102, and meanwhile, the fixed anchors 202 are unfolded, so that the anchoring of the protection net 2 and the inner wall of the drill hole is completed.
S4, inserting a grouting pipe from the grouting hole 101 to the bottom of the device, grouting the space between the recyclable anchor rod 1 and the inner wall of the drilled hole for the first time, and sealing the drilled hole through the grouting stop 104 after the grouting for the first time is completed.
S5, dismantling the recyclable anchor rod 1 after the slurry is solidified, recycling, and then grouting the hollow position of the recyclable anchor rod 1 for the second time by adopting a slurry-solid gravel pile method.
S6, after slurry solidification, acquiring the water content of the soil body according to a preset water content sensor in the fixed anchor 202, and if heavy precipitation is met, the water content of the soil body of the side slope is raised to a safe limit value, and electroosmosis can be started in time to carry out drainage solidification treatment on the side slope.
S7, stopping electroosmosis after the water content is reduced to a safe numerical range until the water content is increased to a safe limit value again due to the external environment, and starting electroosmosis again. And the side slopes are sequentially reciprocated, so that the effective cyclic consolidation of the side slopes is realized, and the occurrence of landslide disasters is prevented.

Claims (3)

1. A slope reinforcement device, characterized in that: the device comprises a recyclable anchor rod (1) and a protective net (2), wherein the protective net (2) is arranged on the outer surface of the recyclable anchor rod (1); the recyclable anchor rod (1) comprises a grouting hole (101), an expansion rotating shaft (102), a base plate (103), a grouting stop plug (104), an adjustable rod body (105), an expansion sliding block (106) and a shrinkage stop block (107), wherein the grouting hole (101) is formed in the inner surface of the adjustable rod body (105), the base plate (103), the grouting stop plug (104), the expansion sliding block (106) and the shrinkage stop block (107) are arranged on the outer surface of the adjustable rod body (105), and the expansion and shrinkage of the adjustable rod body (105) control the distance between the expansion sliding block (106) and the shrinkage stop block (107) through rotating the expansion rotating shaft (102);
the protective net (2) comprises a geotextile (201) and a fixed anchor (202), wherein the geotextile (201) is tightly attached to the outer wall of the adjustable rod body (105) and can expand and contract along with the adjustable rod body (105), and the fixed anchor (202) is arranged on the geotextile (201) and is connected with the inner wall of a drill hole;
the geotextile (201) is wound with iron wires for electroosmosis;
a water content sensor is arranged in the fixed anchor (202);
the water content sensor transmits data to the water content detection chamber, and controls the starting and stopping of electroosmosis according to the change of the water content, so that the water content of the side slope is maintained within a safe range;
the recyclable anchor rods (1) are distributed on the side slope in an array manner and can sequentially perform electroosmosis treatment;
when the expanding and contracting sliding block (106) is contacted with the shrinkage stopping block (107), the diameter of the adjustable rod body (105) is the largest;
when the expansion sliding blocks (106) are contacted in pairs, the diameter of the adjustable rod body (105) is minimum.
2. A method of reinforcing a slope reinforcement device according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step one, drilling holes on a side slope and cleaning the side slope;
step two, sleeving the protective net (2) on the outer surface of the adjustable rod body (105) and installing the protective net in a drilled hole, and fixing the position of the adjustable rod body (105) through a backing plate (103);
step three, rotating the expansion and contraction rotating shaft (102) to enable the adjustable rod body (105) to fully expand until the adjustable rod body (105) is abutted against the inner wall of the drill hole, and reversely rotating the expansion and contraction rotating shaft (102) to enable the adjustable rod body (105) to shrink to an original state after the protective net (2) is anchored with the inner wall of the drill hole;
fourthly, grouting is carried out for the first time from the grouting holes (101), and the drilling holes are closed through the grouting plugs (104) after grouting is completed;
step five, dismantling the recyclable anchor rod (1) after the slurry is solidified, and grouting the middle and empty positions for the second time by adopting a slurry-solid gravel pile method;
step six, after the slurry is solidified and formed, according to the condition that a water content sensor in the protective net (2) collects the water content of the soil body, judging whether electroosmosis needs to be started, draining water in the side slope to a lower water collecting area, and reinforcing the side slope;
and step seven, stopping electroosmosis after the water content is reduced to a set value.
3. A method of reinforcing a slope reinforcement device according to claim 2, wherein: in the sixth step, during electroosmosis, every two adjacent rows of electrodes are in a group, the electrodes in the same row are connected in series, one row close to the bottom of the slope is connected with the negative electrode of an external direct current power supply, and the other row close to the top of the slope is connected with the positive electrode of the external direct current power supply, so that water in the slope migrates from the positive electrode to the negative electrode under the electroosmosis effect.
CN202310835096.2A 2023-07-07 2023-07-07 Slope reinforcement device and reinforcement method thereof Active CN116856434B (en)

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CN116856434B true CN116856434B (en) 2024-03-26

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103485808A (en) * 2013-10-12 2014-01-01 山东科技大学 Electro-osmosis home position modified roadway anchoring method of underground swelling soft rock
CN109057840A (en) * 2018-08-20 2018-12-21 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 Adaptive grouting and reinforcing anchor pole and its anchoring construction method under a kind of high stress
CN112049671A (en) * 2020-09-27 2020-12-08 西安建筑科技大学 Self-propelled hollow grouting expansion anchor rod and construction method thereof
CN116241301A (en) * 2023-04-06 2023-06-09 江苏科技大学 Super-structure grouting anchor rod device with pull-up self-reinforcement function

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103215952A (en) * 2013-04-11 2013-07-24 河南博特工程防护有限公司 High polymer anchoring grouting method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103485808A (en) * 2013-10-12 2014-01-01 山东科技大学 Electro-osmosis home position modified roadway anchoring method of underground swelling soft rock
CN109057840A (en) * 2018-08-20 2018-12-21 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 Adaptive grouting and reinforcing anchor pole and its anchoring construction method under a kind of high stress
CN112049671A (en) * 2020-09-27 2020-12-08 西安建筑科技大学 Self-propelled hollow grouting expansion anchor rod and construction method thereof
CN116241301A (en) * 2023-04-06 2023-06-09 江苏科技大学 Super-structure grouting anchor rod device with pull-up self-reinforcement function

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