CN103485808A - Electro-osmosis home position modified roadway anchoring method of underground swelling soft rock - Google Patents
Electro-osmosis home position modified roadway anchoring method of underground swelling soft rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN103485808A CN103485808A CN201310476691.8A CN201310476691A CN103485808A CN 103485808 A CN103485808 A CN 103485808A CN 201310476691 A CN201310476691 A CN 201310476691A CN 103485808 A CN103485808 A CN 103485808A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electro-osmosis home position modified roadway anchoring method of underground swelling soft rock. The method includes the steps that first, shotcrete support is timely conducted on surrounding rock of a soft rock roadway, and further water absorption softening of the surrounding rock is prevented; anchor bolt support is conducted on the closed soft rock on the rear portion of a working face, with the aid of electro-osmosis drainage, the moisture content of weak surrounding rock is lowered, and home position strength is maintained; then, moisture containing soft rock is reinforced through the joint action of grouting crack plugging and bolt-grouting supporting, and the roadway can be kept to be in a steady state for a long time. According to the electro-osmosis home position modified roadway anchoring method of the underground swelling soft rock, the reinforcement of the moisture containing soft rock is achieved through the joint action of electro-osmosis drainage, guniting, anchor rods and bolt-grouting supporting, an effective technical method for reducing the moisture content of low-permeability soft rock is achieved, and meanwhile the drivage efficiency of soft rock engineering can be guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of roadway rock reinforce, the method for especially a kind of down-hole expanding water holding class soft-rock tunnel anchoring.
Background technology
Soft rock is called weak stratum, has the physico-mechanical propertieses such as strong expansion, easily disturbance, easy disintegrating.Soft rock is comparatively complete, hard under native state, and mechanical property is good, meets expansion rapidly in the short time, disintegration and softening after water, and every mechanical strength index constantly reduces along with the increase of water content and the prolongation of full water time.
Along with continuing to increase of the resource exploitation degree of depth, the situation of passing through the weak broken rock stratum in the Important Project such as metallurgical mine tunnel, power station chamber, coal mine roadway increases increasingly, and roadway construction technology and supporting have been brought to very large challenge.Water in country rock of soft rock roadway is usually by two parts source, and a part comes from the capillary water of rock mass inside and, in conjunction with water, another part comes from the Free water that the constructions such as jewel hole, spraying bring.For roadway surrounding rock, moisture content is higher, and rock mass mechanics intensity is lower, and stability is poorer.Therefore, if reduce the moisture content in country rock, can make the in situ strength of soft rock be improved.
Aspect soft rock roadway support, shotcrete, the spray of anchor net, shotcrete rack series technique, steelframe supporting series technique, concrete filled steel tube series technique, work stone arch supporting series technique and grouting and reinforcing series technique etc. have been formed at present.Above-mentioned Support Technology in Soft Rock Roadway, played certain effect to soft-rock tunnel, is all the technology of a large amount of uses of comparative maturity, but be all to carry out technical work aspect support system, ignored country rock self strength problem.
So improve the country rock in situ strength by reducing moisture content in the expansion soft rock, it is the effective technical way that improves expansion soft rock roadway support intensity.
Summary of the invention
Because Soft Rock Engineering is water funk, but can not avoid water again in nature or engineering construction, for solving this conspicuous contradiction, the objective of the invention is on the basis of existing traditional bolt-spary supports, bolting with wire mesh, bolt-grouting support technology, the method of a kind of expanding water holding class soft-rock tunnel anchoring is provided, by improving the soft rock self stability, impel the anchoring support effect to be able to normal performance, improve the surrounding rock supporting quality.
The in-situ modified alley way anchor solid method of a kind of electroosmotic drainage of expanded downhole soft rock, its technical scheme is:
The first step, at first to the tunnel of digging whitewashed, shotcrete with steel bar nets sealed country rock, gunite layer thickness is at 30-50mm, further water suction is softening to prevent country rock;
Second step, by designing requirement, on drift section, drilling carries out bolt support, will conduct electricity steel pipe and anchor pole alternately to be arranged in each boring, and that is to say: anchor pole is arranged in a boring, and its adjacent boring is just arranged and is conducted electricity steel pipe; When the conduction steel pipe is installed, it is temporary fixed that the drilling orifice place should adopt notched rubber sleeve to carry out;
Described conduction steel pipe is to be furnished with at interval of certain distance the permeable hole that aperture is 7～8mm on common steel tube, and permeable hole is arranged symmetrically with in the surrounding of steel pipe; The end of steel pipe outside hole should scribble insulating layer except the cable connecting part position;
For the ease of draining outside hole, section of the side boring of above-mentioned installation conduction steel pipe should be inclined upwardly, and the inclination elevation angle is not less than 5 degree;
The 3rd step, using adjacent two conduction steel pipes up and down as anode and negative electrode, and its Anodic is upper, negative electrode under; Anode be connected 60V～72V direct current on negative electrode, switched on; Moisture in rock soil medium is applying under the condition of electromotive force, produces electroosmosis, along hole, to movable cathode, collect, by negative electrode conduct electricity steel pipe permeable hole and conduction steel pipe and hole between the space tap outside;
Whole order during energising is that first top, rear two is helped, and along the work plane tunneling direction, carries out forward successively; The regional area had some setbacks for electric osmose, should switch on several times repeatedly; When the moisture soft rock sample water content of detection is not more than 3%, stop energising, remove the energising power supply;
In order to meet requirement of explosion proof under coal mine, anti-explosion set should be installed in the cable junction of conduction steel pipe;
The 4th step, take off the rubber sleeve at drilling orifice place, changes the stop grouting plug of falling the wedge shape, close gap, drilling orifice place, the steel pipe that now conducts electricity is used as grouted anchor bar, and the steel pipe that will conduct electricity is connected with filling system, press grouting process to the soft rock crack grouting, roadway surrounding rock is carried out to grouting and reinforcing; When reaching the design grouting pressure or meeting the slurries injection rate, slip casting completes;
Grouting sequence is two to help behind first top, along the work plane tunneling direction, carries out forward successively.
Above-mentioned anchor pole can adopt the end anchorage anchor pole, and the depth of placement of boring and an array pitch design routinely.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
At first country rock of soft rock roadway is carried out to gunite timely, further water suction is softening to prevent country rock; At the work plane rear, the soft rock of sealing carried out to bolt support, and, by electric drainage, the moisture content in weak surrounding rock is reduced, keep in situ strength, not only can strengthen the self-bearing capacity of soft rock, can also significantly improve soft rock anchoring support effect; By slip casting shutoff crack, bolt-grouting support synergy, moisture soft rock is reinforced again, can be kept tunnel for a long time in stable state.
The present invention adopts electric drainage and whitewashing, anchor pole, bolt-grouting support synergy to carry out moisture soft rock reinforcing, is a kind of effective technology method that reduces hypotonicity soft rock moisture content, also can ensure the drivage efficiency of Soft Rock Engineering simultaneously.
Construction technology of the present invention is simple, workable, meets the requirement of soft-rock tunnel engineering control, and this technical method environmental protection, economy.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is construction profile of the present invention;
The structure chart that Fig. 2 is conduction steel pipe of the present invention.
In figure: 1-gunite layer; 2-boring; 3-anchor pole; 4-conduction steel pipe; 5-rubber sleeve; 6-anode; 7-anti-explosion set; 8-negative electrode; 9-cable; 10-dc source; 11-filling system; 12-the stop grouting plug of falling the wedge shape; 13-insulating layer; 14-permeable hole.
The specific embodiment
The technical scheme that invention will be further ex-plained with reference to the appended drawings.
The in-situ modified alley way anchor solid method of a kind of electroosmotic drainage of expanded downhole soft rock, its technical scheme is:
The first step, at first carry out conventional whitewashing, shotcrete with steel bar nets sealing country rock to the tunnel of digging, and gunite layer 1 thickness is at 30-50mm, and further water suction is softening to prevent country rock;
Second step, by designing requirement, on drift section, drilling 2 carries out bolt support, to conduct electricity steel pipe 4 and anchor pole 3 alternately be arranged in each boring 2 in, as can be seen from Figure 1: describedly alternately arrange that the meaning is: arrange anchor pole 3 in a boring, just arrange conduction steel pipe 4 in its adjacent boring; When conduction steel pipe 4 is installed, 2 places, aperture that hole should adopt notched rubber sleeve 5 to carry out temporary fixed;
Described conduction steel pipe 4 structures as shown in Figure 2, are that the side face at common steel tube is furnished with at interval of certain distance the permeable hole 14 that aperture is 7～8mm, and permeable hole 14 is arranged symmetrically with in the steel pipe surrounding; The end of steel pipe outside hole should scribble insulating layer 13 except the cable connecting part position;
For the ease of draining outside hole, section of the side boring 2 of above-mentioned installation conduction steel pipe 4 should be inclined upwardly, and the inclination elevation angle is not less than 5 degree;
The 3rd step, using adjacent two conduction steel pipes 4 as anode 6 and negative electrode 8, and its Anodic 6 is upper, negative electrode 8 under; Anode 6 be connected 60V～72V dc source by cable 9 on negative electrode 8, switched on; Moisture in rock soil medium is applying under the condition of electromotive force, produces electroosmosis, along hole, to movable cathode, collects, and by negative electrode, conducts electricity outside the permeable hole of steel pipe and hole wall interstitial row portal; Direct current can be produced by down-hole alternating current transformation rectification;
Whole order during energising is, carries out from top to bottom, and first top, rear two is helped, and along the work plane tunneling direction, carries out forward successively; The regional area had some setbacks for electric osmose, should switch on several times repeatedly; When the moisture soft rock sample water content of detection is not more than 3%, stop energising, remove the energising power supply;
In order to meet requirement of explosion proof under coal mine, anti-explosion set 7 should be installed in the cable junction of conduction steel pipe 4;
The 4th step, locate rubber sleeve 5 by aperture and take off, and changes the stop grouting plug of falling the wedge shape 12, close gap, place, aperture, the steel pipe 4 that now conducts electricity becomes grouted anchor bar, and the steel pipe that will conduct electricity is connected with filling system 11, to the soft rock crack grouting, roadway surrounding rock is carried out to grouting and reinforcing by traditional grouting process; When reaching the design grouting pressure or meeting the slurries injection rate, slip casting completes;
Grouting sequence is two to help behind first top, along the work plane tunneling direction, carries out forward successively.
Above-mentioned common bolt 3 can adopt the end anchorage anchor pole, and the depth of placement of bolthole and an array pitch design routinely.
Above-mentioned grouting pressure is 1-5MPa, the accelerating admixture of the certain proportioning of admixture and water reducing agent routinely in grouting serous fluid.
Claims (4)
1. the in-situ modified alley way anchor solid method of the electroosmotic drainage of an expanded downhole soft rock is characterized in that:
The first step, at first to the tunnel of digging whitewashed, shotcrete with steel bar nets sealed country rock, gunite layer thickness is at 30-50mm, further water suction is softening to prevent country rock;
Second step, by designing requirement, on drift section, drilling carries out bolt support, will conduct electricity steel pipe and anchor pole alternately to be arranged in each boring, and that is to say: anchor pole is arranged in a boring, and its adjacent boring is just arranged and is conducted electricity steel pipe; When the conduction steel pipe is installed, it is temporary fixed that the drilling orifice place should adopt notched rubber sleeve to carry out;
Described conduction steel pipe is that interval is furnished with the permeable hole that aperture is 7～8mm on common steel tube, and permeable hole is arranged symmetrically with in the surrounding of steel pipe; The end of steel pipe outside hole should scribble insulating layer except the cable connecting part position;
The 3rd step, using adjacent two conduction steel pipes up and down as anode and negative electrode, and its Anodic is upper, negative electrode under; Anode be connected 60V～72V direct current on negative electrode, switched on; Moisture in rock soil medium is applying under the condition of electromotive force, produces electroosmosis, along hole, to movable cathode, collect, by negative electrode conduct electricity steel pipe permeable hole and conduction steel pipe and hole between the space tap outside;
Whole order during energising is that first top, rear two is helped, and along the work plane tunneling direction, carries out forward successively; The regional area had some setbacks for electric osmose, should switch on several times repeatedly; When the moisture soft rock sample water content of detection is not more than 3%, stop energising, remove the energising power supply;
The 4th step, take off the rubber sleeve at drilling orifice place, changes the stop grouting plug of falling the wedge shape, close gap, drilling orifice place, the steel pipe that now conducts electricity is used as grouted anchor bar, and the steel pipe that will conduct electricity is connected with filling system, press grouting process to the soft rock crack grouting, roadway surrounding rock is carried out to grouting and reinforcing; When reaching the design grouting pressure or meeting the slurries injection rate, slip casting completes;
Grouting sequence is two to help behind first top, along the work plane tunneling direction, carries out forward successively.
2. the in-situ modified alley way anchor solid method of the electroosmotic drainage of expanded downhole soft rock as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, section of the side boring that the conduction steel pipe is installed should be inclined upwardly, and the inclination elevation angle is not less than 5 degree.
3. the in-situ modified alley way anchor solid method of the electroosmotic drainage of expanded downhole soft rock as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, anti-explosion set should be installed in the cable junction of conduction steel pipe.
4. the in-situ modified alley way anchor solid method of the electroosmotic drainage of expanded downhole soft rock as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described anchor pole is the end anchorage anchor pole.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104846711A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-19 | 河海大学 | Electro-osmosis method for reinforcing soil side slope |
| CN104878760A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-09-02 | 兰州理工大学 | Side slope self-drainage electroosmosis anchor rod and construction method thereof |
| CN105927243A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-09-07 | 山东科技大学 | Device and method for supporting downhole surrounding rock faults |
| CN110966008A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-07 | 兰州理工大学 | Pre-reinforcement construction method of water-rich loess and tunnel construction method |
| CN111894625A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-06 | 高军 | Large-section weak surrounding rock high-prestress anchor rod supporting method and device |
| CN111980433A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-24 | 河海大学 | Electrochemical nondestructive repair method for weak structural surface of ancient city wall |
| CN112065502A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-11 | 兰州理工大学 | Method for rapid drainage consolidation in water-rich loess tunnel excavation process |
| CN114215531A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-22 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Coal mine tunnel ultra-soft surrounding rock modification method and structure |
| CN116856434A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-10-10 | 江苏科技大学 | Slope reinforcement device and reinforcement method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110966008A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-07 | 兰州理工大学 | Pre-reinforcement construction method of water-rich loess and tunnel construction method |
| CN111980433A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-24 | 河海大学 | Electrochemical nondestructive repair method for weak structural surface of ancient city wall |
| CN111894625A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-06 | 高军 | Large-section weak surrounding rock high-prestress anchor rod supporting method and device |
| CN111894625B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-03-08 | 高军 | Large-section weak surrounding rock high-prestress anchor rod supporting method and device |
| CN112065502A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-11 | 兰州理工大学 | Method for rapid drainage consolidation in water-rich loess tunnel excavation process |
| CN114215531A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-22 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Coal mine tunnel ultra-soft surrounding rock modification method and structure |
| CN116856434A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-10-10 | 江苏科技大学 | Slope reinforcement device and reinforcement method thereof |
| CN116856434B (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2024-03-26 | 江苏科技大学 | Slope reinforcement device and reinforcement method thereof |
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