CN111903701A - Fly-killing premix for animals and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Fly-killing premix for animals and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fly-killing premix for animals and a preparation method and application thereof, and the fly-killing premix for animals comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5-10 wt% of diflubenzuron, 0.5-1.0 wt% of EM (effective microorganisms) powder, 10-30 wt% of diluent, 2-7 wt% of flavoring agent, 40-70 wt% of carrier, 5-10 wt% of adhesive, 1-5 wt% of wetting agent and 2-8 wt% of lubricant. The premix prepared by the invention has stable curative effect, good drug effect, high uniformity and good stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a fly killing premix for animals, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
People have higher and higher requirements on livestock and poultry breeding environment, but flies and fly maggots are always a great problem which troubles breeding farms. Flies are one of four pests, which not only pollute the environment, but also are carriers of viruses and bacteria, and many diseases of human beings are directly related to flies such as flies. In a farm, fly control is a difficult and complicated work, and drug control is an important means, but most fly killers have high toxicity, and residual drugs after use cause serious environmental pollution, even change the ecosystem. Moreover, most fly-killing agents are harmful to human bodies, and seriously threaten the health of human beings.
At present, the drugs for controlling fly maggots in livestock and poultry manure mainly comprise traditional insecticides such as organophosphorus insecticides, amitraz and pyrethroid insecticides, and also comprise an insect growth regulator cyromazine. However, the traditional pesticide is used for controlling fly maggots in the livestock and poultry manure, and has some disadvantages: for example, organophosphorus insecticides and amitraz have high toxicity and high drug residue, and the livestock and poultry manure has poisoning risk when being reused; the pyrethroid drugs have relatively low toxicity, but poor residual effect and quick generation of fly maggot drug resistance. The only special fly maggot resisting medicine for veterinary medicine is the insect growth regulator cyromazine, although the effect of killing the fly maggots is good, the effect has been used for decades, with the longer and longer use time of the cyromazine, the fly maggots which are resistant to the cyromazine are likely to appear, and the larger and larger addition amount of the cyromazine in the feed is bound to be caused. The residual amount of melamine, a metabolite of cyromazine, also increases. At present, addition of cyromazine into feed is forbidden in Japan, Europe and the like, and a medicine which can be used with cyromazine alternately and is safe to people and livestock, low in toxicity and environment-friendly and resistant to fly maggots is urgently needed to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a novel fly-killing premix for animals and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a veterinary fly-killing premix, which comprises, based on the total weight of the veterinary fly-killing premix: 5-10 wt% of diflubenzuron, 0.5-1.0 wt% of EM (effective microorganisms) powder, 10-30 wt% of diluent, 2-7 wt% of flavoring agent, 40-70 wt% of carrier, 5-10 wt% of adhesive, 1-5 wt% of wetting agent and 2-8 wt% of lubricant.
In the invention, EM is a microbial preparation compounded by more than 10 microorganisms of 80 genera mainly comprising photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes, and generally comprises beneficial bacteria such as photosynthetic bacteria, yeast and lactic acid bacteria. Can be used for food addition, prevention and control of breeding diseases, soil improvement, rooting and strengthening, sewage treatment and the like.
Diflubenzuron is a specific low-toxicity insecticide,belongs to a benzoyloxy phenylurea insecticide. High safety, rat oral LD50> 5000 mg/kg. The insect disinfestation mechanism is completely different from that of the conventional insecticide, and the insect disinfestation mechanism is neither nerve poison nor cholinesterase inhibitor, and the insect disinfestation mechanism mainly plays a role in inhibiting chitin synthesis of insect epidermis, and has damage and destruction effects on endocrine and gland such as fat body, pharyngeal side body and the like, so that smooth molting and metamorphosis of insects are prevented. The main modes of action are stomach toxicity and contact poisoning. Accumulated poisoning is caused after the pests eat the feed, because of the lack of chitin, the larvae can not form new epidermis, the molting is difficult, and the pupation is blocked; the imagoes are difficult to eclose and lay eggs; eggs can not normally develop, and the hatched larva has a lack of hardness and dies, so that the whole generation of pests is affected, which is the advantage of diflubenzuron.
The invention relates to a fly-killing premix for animals, which combines EM (effective microorganisms) powder and diflubenzuron for use, the EM powder and the diflubenzuron play roles together, the effect of preventing and controlling flies can be greatly improved by adding a certain amount of EM powder while the diflubenzuron is used, the influence of the use of the diflubenzuron on animal organisms and the environment can be reduced, the fly-killing and fly-controlling effects of the fly-killing premix are greatly improved, the use amount of the diflubenzuron is effectively reduced, the drug pollution and the residue are reduced, the animal immunity and the disease resistance are enhanced, the animal health is improved, the occurrence of diseases of dysentery, coccidian escherichia coli and a respiratory system is effectively controlled and prevented, the animal growth is promoted, the daily weight gain is improved, the feeding time is shortened, antibiotics are reduced or even not used, green livestock and poultry products are produced, and the fly-killing premix has wide application.
The premixing agent is a preparation formulation which is convenient for clinical application and is easy to use by feeding workers, is particularly suitable for preventive treatment of the whole group of animals, and if the insecticide is prepared into the premixing agent and is directly added into feed for feeding, the premixing agent not only saves time and labor, but also can avoid stress to the animals when in use.
In the veterinary drug premix, the safety and the drug effect of the drug are closely related to the uniformity, the uniformity of the product of the premix is an important factor for ensuring the quality of the product, the uniformity of the product is closely related to the selection of auxiliary materials and the preparation process, the auxiliary materials are additives in the drug preparation except main drugs, the premix has important functions of solubilization, dissolution assistance, sustained and controlled release and the like besides the functions of excipient, carrier and stability improvement, and has great relation to the improvement of the curative effect of the drug and the reduction of adverse reactions, and the selection of the proper auxiliary materials is not only related to the uniformity, the fluidity and the stability of the premix, but also related to the safety of the premix and the curative effect of the drug.
According to the present invention, preferably, the diluent is microcrystalline cellulose and/or lactose.
Diluents are generally used to fill weight and volume and may also act as a binder; the invention adopts specific diluent to ensure that the fluidity of the premixed material is moderate, the premixed material cannot be adsorbed on the carrier if the premixed material is too smooth, and the premixed material is not uniformly dispersed if the premixed material is too rough.
According to the invention, preferably, the flavoring agent is an organic acid, preferably citric acid, and/or aspartame.
The flavoring agent is a pharmaceutical adjuvant for improving or shielding the peculiar smell of the medicament on one hand, and the organic acid flavoring agent is adopted to increase the solubility of the diflubenzuron to a certain extent on the other hand.
According to the invention, preferably, the carrier is corn flour and calcium carbonate, and the weight ratio of the corn flour to the calcium carbonate is 1-3: 1.
By carrier is meant a feedable material capable of receiving and carrying an active ingredient, and the carrier of the present invention serves to dilute and improve flowability so that the active ingredient is more readily distributed into the feed.
According to the present invention, preferably, the binder is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and/or polyvinyl alcohol.
The adhesive is solid powder or viscous liquid which can make non-viscous or low-viscosity material aggregate and bond into granules or be compression-formed into form with viscosity. Since diflubenzuron is poorly soluble, it cannot be used after dissolving in water, and thus, the administration mode is limited. The invention adds the adhesive and other auxiliary materials to ensure that the diflubenzuron premix can be mixed into feed for administration and can also be mixed into drinking water for administration.
According to the present invention, preferably, the wetting agent is polysorbate 80 and/or absolute ethanol.
According to the invention, preferably, the lubricant is magnesium stearate.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the fly-killing premix for livestock, which comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding diflubenzuron, EM bacterial powder, a diluent, a flavoring agent, a carrier, an adhesive and a lubricant respectively, and sieving;
(2) pulverizing and mixing the ground and sieved diflubenzuron and a diluent to obtain first mixed powder;
(3) crushing and mixing the first mixed powder and the ground and sieved flavoring agent to obtain second mixed powder;
(4) crushing and mixing the second mixed powder and the ground and sieved carrier to obtain third mixed powder;
(5) and uniformly mixing the third mixed powder and the EM bacterial powder according to an equivalent incremental method, and then uniformly mixing the mixture with a wetting agent, the ground and sieved lubricant and an adhesive to obtain the premix.
In the mixing process of the effective components and the auxiliary materials of the veterinary drug premix, on one hand, the mixing machine plays a mixing role on the materials, and on the other hand, because the particles of the mixed materials have the difference of relative density, granularity and surface characteristics, automatic classification is certainly generated during movement, and the uniform state of the materials is damaged by the automatic classification, so the mixing mode and the mixing sequence of the materials are further limited, and the uniformity, the stability and the safety of the mixed materials are greatly improved.
According to the invention, preferably, in the step (1), the grinding time is 5-10min, and the particle size after grinding and sieving is not more than 80 meshes;
in the step (2), the crushing and mixing are carried out in a jet mill, the feeding speed of the jet mill is 3.0-5.0kg/h, and the air pressure is 2.5 multiplied by 105-4.5×105Pa; the first mixed powderThe particle size of the powder is D90 is less than or equal to 30 mu m;
in the step (3), the crushing and mixing are carried out in a ball mill, and the crushing and mixing time is 10-15 min;
in the step (4), the crushing and mixing are carried out in a ball mill, and the crushing and mixing time is 15-25 min;
in the step (5), mixing is performed in a granulator.
In the production process of the premix, the preparation process directly influences the uniformity of products, not only accurate ingredients are required, but also the effective components must be ensured to be uniformly distributed in the whole batch of the premix, and equipment, material physical properties, feeding sequence and mixing time in the preparation process are all important factors.
The third aspect of the invention provides the application of the fly-killing premix for animals in animal feed.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the premix contains EM (effective microorganisms) powder and diflubenzuron, the EM powder and the diflubenzuron are matched for use, the EM powder and the diflubenzuron play roles together, a certain amount of EM powder is added while the diflubenzuron is used, the effect of preventing flies and controlling flies can be greatly improved, the influence of the use of the diflubenzuron on animal organisms and the environment can be reduced, the fly killing and fly controlling effects of the fly killer are greatly improved, the use amount of the diflubenzuron is effectively reduced, the drug pollution and the residue are reduced, the animal immunity and disease resistance are enhanced, the animal health is improved, the occurrence of diseases of dysentery, coccidian, escherichia coli and respiratory systems is effectively controlled and prevented, the animal growth is promoted, the daily gain is improved, the feeding time is shortened, antibiotics are reduced or even not used, green livestock and poultry products are produced, and the like, and the premix has wide application prospect in animal and plant breeding industries.
(2) The premix of the invention is added with the adhesive and the organic acid, and the dissolubility of the diflubenzuron is increased.
(3) In the pretreatment process of the preparation method, the conditions are mild, the physical change is realized, the chemical reaction does not exist, the yield of the diflubenzuron can be kept at 100 percent, and no loss is caused.
(4) The preparation process of the premix adopts a micronization technology, so that the particle size of the diflubenzuron is reduced, and the solubility of the diflubenzuron is increased, so that the diflubenzuron premix can be mixed into feed for administration and can also be mixed into drinking water for administration.
(5) The invention has the advantages of simple and feasible production and preparation process, controllable quality, simple operation, low cost and little pollution.
(6) The premix prepared by the invention has stable curative effect, good drug effect, high uniformity and good stability.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The EM bacterial powder used in each example and comparative example was purchased from eastern veterinary drug Co., Ltd, Cangzhou city.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a fly-killing premix for animals, which comprises the following components: 67g of diflubenzuron, 6.7g of EM bacterial powder, 200g of microcrystalline cellulose, 50g of citric acid, 300g of corn flour, 226.3g of calcium carbonate, 75g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 8025 g of polysorbate and 50g of magnesium stearate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) grinding diflubenzuron, EM (effective microorganism) powder, microcrystalline cellulose, citric acid, corn flour, calcium carbonate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and magnesium stearate in the formula amount for 10min respectively, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve for later use;
(2) feeding the milled and sieved diflubenzuron and microcrystalline cellulose into a jet mill by dry nitrogen (the feeding speed of the jet mill is 5.0kg/h, and the air pressure is 4.5 multiplied by 10)5Pa) to obtain first mixed powder with the particle size D90 being less than or equal to 30 mu m;
(3) adding the ground and sieved citric acid into the first mixed powder, and crushing and mixing the mixture in a ball mill for 15min to obtain second mixed powder;
(4) adding the ground and sieved corn flour and calcium carbonate into the second mixed powder, and crushing and mixing the corn flour and the calcium carbonate in a ball mill for 25min to obtain third mixed powder;
5) and (3) putting the third mixed powder and the EM bacterial powder into a granulator according to an equivalent incremental method, uniformly mixing, adding the ground and sieved magnesium stearate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, spraying polysorbate 80, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fly-killing premix for animals.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a fly-killing premix for animals, which comprises the following components: 67g of diflubenzuron, 6.7g of EM bacterial powder, 250g of microcrystalline cellulose, 50g of citric acid, 250g of corn flour, 226.3g of calcium carbonate, 75g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 25g of absolute ethyl alcohol and 50g of magnesium stearate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) grinding diflubenzuron, EM (effective microorganism) powder, microcrystalline cellulose, citric acid, corn flour, calcium carbonate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and magnesium stearate in the formula amount for 10min respectively, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve for later use;
(2) feeding the milled and sieved diflubenzuron and microcrystalline cellulose into a jet mill by dry nitrogen (the feeding speed of the jet mill is 5.0kg/h, and the air pressure is 4.5 multiplied by 10)5Pa) to obtain first mixed powder with the particle size D90 being less than or equal to 30 mu m;
(3) adding the ground and sieved citric acid into the first mixed powder, and crushing and mixing the mixture in a ball mill for 15min to obtain second mixed powder;
(4) adding the ground and sieved corn flour and calcium carbonate into the second mixed powder, and crushing and mixing the corn flour and the calcium carbonate in a ball mill for 25min to obtain third mixed powder;
5) and (3) putting the third mixed powder and the EM bacterial powder into a granulator according to an equivalent increasing method, uniformly mixing, adding the ground and sieved magnesium stearate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, spraying absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fly-killing premix for animals.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a fly-killing premix for animals, which comprises the following components: 67g of diflubenzuron, 6.7g of EM bacterial powder, 200g of microcrystalline cellulose, 50g of aspartame, 300g of corn flour, 226.3g of calcium carbonate, 75g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 8025 g of polysorbate and 50g of magnesium stearate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) grinding diflubenzuron, EM (effective microorganism) powder, microcrystalline cellulose, aspartame, corn flour, calcium carbonate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and magnesium stearate in the formula amount for 10min respectively, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve for later use;
(2) feeding the milled and sieved diflubenzuron and microcrystalline cellulose into a jet mill by dry nitrogen (the feeding speed of the jet mill is 5.0kg/h, and the air pressure is 4.5 multiplied by 10)5Pa) to obtain first mixed powder with the particle size D90 being less than or equal to 30 mu m;
(3) adding the ground and sieved aspartame into the first mixed powder, and crushing and mixing the mixture in a ball mill for 15min to obtain second mixed powder;
(4) adding the ground and sieved corn flour and calcium carbonate into the second mixed powder, and crushing and mixing the corn flour and the calcium carbonate in a ball mill for 25min to obtain third mixed powder;
5) and (3) putting the third mixed powder and the EM bacterial powder into a granulator according to an equivalent incremental method, uniformly mixing, adding the ground and sieved magnesium stearate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, spraying polysorbate 80, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fly-killing premix for animals.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a fly-killing premix for animals, which comprises the following components: 67g of diflubenzuron, 6.7g of EM (effective microorganism) powder, 200g of lactose, 50g of citric acid, 300g of corn flour, 226.3g of calcium carbonate, 75g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 8025 g of polysorbate and 50g of magnesium stearate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) respectively grinding diflubenzuron, EM (effective microorganism) powder, lactose, citric acid, corn flour, calcium carbonate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and magnesium stearate according to the prescription amount for 10min, and sieving by using a 80-mesh sieve for later use;
(2)feeding the milled and sieved diflubenzuron and lactose into jet mill with dry nitrogen (feeding speed of jet mill is 5.0kg/h, air pressure is 4.5 × 10)5Pa) to obtain first mixed powder with the particle size D90 being less than or equal to 30 mu m;
(3) adding the ground and sieved citric acid into the first mixed powder, and crushing and mixing the mixture in a ball mill for 15min to obtain second mixed powder;
(4) adding the ground and sieved corn flour and calcium carbonate into the second mixed powder, and crushing and mixing the corn flour and the calcium carbonate in a ball mill for 25min to obtain third mixed powder;
5) and (3) putting the third mixed powder and the EM bacterial powder into a granulator according to an equivalent incremental method, uniformly mixing, adding the ground and sieved magnesium stearate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, spraying polysorbate 80, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fly-killing premix for animals.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a fly-killing premix for animals, which comprises the following components: 67g of diflubenzuron, 6.7g of EM bacterial powder, 200g of microcrystalline cellulose, 50g of citric acid, 300g of corn flour, 226.3g of calcium carbonate, 75g of polyvinyl alcohol, 8025 g of polysorbate and 50g of magnesium stearate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) grinding diflubenzuron, EM (effective microorganism) powder, microcrystalline cellulose, citric acid, corn flour, calcium carbonate, polyvinyl alcohol and magnesium stearate in the formula amount for 10min respectively, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve for later use;
(2) feeding the milled and sieved diflubenzuron and microcrystalline cellulose into a jet mill by dry nitrogen (the feeding speed of the jet mill is 5.0kg/h, and the air pressure is 4.5 multiplied by 10)5Pa) to obtain first mixed powder with the particle size D90 being less than or equal to 30 mu m;
(3) adding the ground and sieved citric acid into the first mixed powder, and crushing and mixing the mixture in a ball mill for 15min to obtain second mixed powder;
(4) adding the ground and sieved corn flour and calcium carbonate into the second mixed powder, and crushing and mixing the corn flour and the calcium carbonate in a ball mill for 25min to obtain third mixed powder;
5) and (3) putting the third mixed powder and the EM bacterial powder into a granulator according to an equivalent increasing method, uniformly mixing, adding the ground and sieved magnesium stearate and polyvinyl alcohol, spraying polysorbate 80, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fly-killing premix for animals.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a fly-killing premix for animals, which comprises the following components: 67g of diflubenzuron, 6.7g of EM bacterial powder, 200g of microcrystalline cellulose, 50g of citric acid, 300g of corn flour, 226.3g of calcium carbonate, 75g of polyvinyl alcohol, 25g of absolute ethyl alcohol and 50g of magnesium stearate;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) grinding diflubenzuron, EM (effective microorganism) powder, microcrystalline cellulose, citric acid, corn flour, calcium carbonate, polyvinyl alcohol and magnesium stearate in the formula amount for 7min respectively, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve for later use;
(2) feeding the milled and sieved diflubenzuron and microcrystalline cellulose into a jet mill by dry nitrogen (the feeding speed of the jet mill is 4.0kg/h, and the air pressure is 3.0 multiplied by 10)5Pa) to obtain first mixed powder with the particle size D90 being less than or equal to 30 mu m;
(3) adding the ground and sieved citric acid into the first mixed powder, and crushing and mixing the mixture in a ball mill for 7min to obtain second mixed powder;
(4) adding the ground and sieved corn flour and calcium carbonate into the second mixed powder, and grinding and mixing the corn flour and the calcium carbonate in a ball mill for 20min to obtain third mixed powder;
5) and (3) putting the third mixed powder and the EM bacterial powder into a granulator according to an equivalent increasing method, uniformly mixing, adding the ground and sieved magnesium stearate and polyvinyl alcohol, spraying absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fly-killing premix for the livestock.
Comparative example 1
The formula of the premix of the comparative example is the same as that of example 1, except that the preparation method is different, and the preparation method of the comparative example is as follows: sieving diflubenzuron, EM bacteria powder, microcrystalline cellulose, citric acid, corn flour, calcium carbonate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and magnesium stearate with 80-mesh sieve respectively, and mixing the sieved components with polysorbate 80 to obtain the premix.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example is different from example 1 only in that 6.7g of EM bacterial powder is removed and the amount of diflubenzuron used is adjusted to 73.7g, and the other steps are the same as example 1.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 1 only in that 6.7g of EM bacterial powder and 67g of diflubenzuron were replaced with 73.7g of cyromazine, and the other steps were the same as example 1.
Test example 1
According to the quality requirement of 0104 granules, which is the general rule of granules (granules) in the first appendix of the edition of the 'Chinese pharmacopoeia' 2015, the premix prepared in the embodiments 1-6 and the comparative examples 1-2 of the invention are respectively tested for appearance, hardness, granulation rate and content, and the results are shown in the following table 1;
TABLE 1 quality test results for different premixes
| Group of | Appearance of the product | Hardness of | Granulation Rate (%) | Mark content (%) |
| Example 1 | Meets the requirements | Meets the requirements | 90 | 101.5 |
| Example 2 | Conform toRequire that | Meets the requirements | 89 | 100.7 |
| Example 3 | Meets the requirements | Meets the requirements | 90 | 100.2 |
| Example 4 | Meets the requirements | Meets the requirements | 88 | 99.8 |
| Example 5 | Meets the requirements | Meets the requirements | 89 | 101.8 |
| Example 6 | Meets the requirements | Meets the requirements | 90 | 99.6 |
| Comparative example 1 | Local agglomeration | With crushing | 72 | 99.1 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the content of the premix prepared in the embodiments 1-6 of the present invention is in accordance with the quality requirement, and the content is 99.0-102.0% of the labeled amount. The premixes of examples 1-6 all meet the requirements of appearance, hardness and granulation, and the premixes of examples 1, 3 and 6 have the highest granulation rates, all of which reach 90%. Comparative example 1 the granulation rate was remarkably decreased because of poor mixing.
Test example 2
1. Test materials: the premix prepared in example 1; the premix prepared in example 2; the premix prepared in comparative example 2; premix prepared in comparative example 3.
2. The test method comprises the following steps: selecting 100 commercial pigs in a certain pig farm, and dividing the commercial pigs into 5 groups, wherein each 20 commercial pigs form one group. Group a is the premix feeding group prepared in example 1, group B is the premix feeding group prepared in example 2, group C is the premix feeding group prepared in comparative example 2, group D is the premix feeding group prepared in comparative example 3, and group E is the blank control group. Animal groups and treatments are shown in table 2 below.
Table 2 test animal grouping and handling
| Group of | Quantity (head) | Treatment of |
| Group A | 20 | 30g of premix prepared in example 1 is added into each 1000Kg of feed for feeding |
| Group B | 20 | Per 1000Kg of feed the preparation of example 2 was addedFeeding the premix 30g |
| Group C | 20 | Every 1000Kg of feed is added with 30g of premix prepared in comparative example 2 for feeding |
| Group D | 20 | Every 1000Kg of feed is added with 30g of premix prepared in comparative example 3 for feeding |
| Group E | 20 | The feed does not contain any medicine |
Groups a, B, C and D were fed with the premix prepared in example 1, the premix prepared in example 2, the premix prepared in comparative example 2 and the premix prepared in comparative example 3, respectively, starting on day 6, for 7 consecutive days.
Pig manure is collected on days 1, 3 and 5 (no medicine feeding), 6, 8, 10 and 12 (during medicine using, days 13, 15, 17 and 19 (after stopping medicine), the collection points are uniformly distributed, the manure of different sampling points in each group is mixed and stirred uniformly, and the total sampling amount of each group is 1L.
3. Evaluation method each sample was divided into 6 portions and placed in 6 beakers of 200ml,
the mouth of the cup was sealed with gauze, and cultured in an environment at a temperature of 25 ℃ and a humidity of about 60% for 3 weeks. The occurrence of live and dead fly maggots was counted during this period, and the average mortality and standard deviation of fly maggots in 6 beakers of each sample was calculated.
4. Results and discussion
The average mortality of fly maggots in the different treated pig feces is shown in Table 3. Statistical analysis of variance was performed on these data.
TABLE 3 mortality of fly maggots in feces (%)
| 1 day | 3 days | 5 days | 6 days | 8 days | 10 days | 12 days | 13 days | 15 days | 17 days | 19 days | |
| Group A | 30a | 50a | 75a | 100a | 100a | 100a | 100a | 100a | 100c | 75a | 50a |
| Group B | 30a | 50a | 50a | 100a | 100a | 100a | 100a | 100a | 100c | 75a | 30a |
| Group C | 20a | 30a | 50a | 100a | 100a | 100a | 100a | 100a | 75c | 30a | 15a |
| Group D | 10a | 25a | 50a | 100a | 100a | 100a | 100a | 100a | 25a | 10a | 5a |
| Group E | 5a | 5a | 2a | 10b | 20b | 5b | 25b | 5b | 5a | 5a | 5a |
Note: the test data in each column of groups A-E showed insignificant differences (P >0.05) if the lower case letters were the same (all a, b or c) and significant differences (P <0.05) if the lower case letters were different.
The results show that the maggots in pig manure of the groups A and B show 100% of mortality rate from the day after dosing to 3 days after dosing withdrawal, and the maggots in pig manure of the groups C and D from the day after dosing to 1 day after dosing withdrawal are different from those of the blank control group (P < 0.05).
The A group, the B group, the C group and the D group have the same effect of clinically controlling fly maggots and have insignificant difference (P >0.05) when being used for 7 days. The duration of the drug effect of the group A and the group B is longer than that of the group C and the group D, so that the effect of feeding the premix containing EM (effective microorganisms) powder and diflubenzuron is optimal. Moreover, the premixing agent is more convenient and economical to use. More importantly, when cyromazine is fed to pigs, the risk of melamine residue of metabolite exists, but the premix containing EM bacterial powder and diflubenzuron can completely solve the problem of melamine residue in pork and other foods.
Test example 3
The test example tests the effect of the premix of the invention on the feed intake of pigs.
8 rows of weaned piglets fed in the same nursery house are selected, 30 heads are fed in each row, the weaned piglets are randomly divided into 8 groups which are blank groups respectively, and the animal feed intake test is carried out on a control group and a feeding group: the blank group daily ration is the feed of the ordinary nursery pigs, the control group is the premix prepared in the comparative example 2 and added with about 500ppm, and the feeding group is the premix containing EM bacterial powder and diflubenzuron and added with about 500 ppm. Wherein the charges 1-6 are premixes containing EM bacterial powder and diflubenzuron prepared according to the methods of examples 1-6 of the invention, respectively.
The pigsty is disinfected conventionally, and the pigs are fed by adopting high bed leaks, so that the pigs can eat and drink water freely. Continuously feeding for 14 days according to the above scheme, weighing on empty stomach before feeding for 14 days, and calculating daily gain. The common nursery pig feed in the test is composed of 65 wt% of corn, 8 wt% of extruded soybean, 4 wt% of fish meal, 5 wt% of whey powder, 4 wt% of milk replacer, 4 wt% of fermented soybean meal, 4 wt% of soybean meal and 6 wt% of premix, based on the total weight of the common nursery pig feed.
Table 4 effect of premix of the invention on pig feed intake
| Initial weight (kg) | End weight of (kg) | Average feed intake (g/d) | Daily gain (g/d) | |
| Blank group | 5.92 soil 0.52 | 7.48 Earth 0.58 | 285.26 soil 24.61 | 110.42 soil 13.58 |
| Control group | 5.65 Earth 0.74 | 8.18 Earth 0.77 | 192.30 soil 35.69 | 179.79 soil 40.74 |
| Charging group 1 | 5.84 Earth 0.70 | 8.87 Earth 0.53 | 344.43 soil 19.52 | 305.03 soil 17.51 |
| Charging group 2 | 5.93 Earth 0.62 | 9.25 Earth 0.74 | 267.41 soil 40.66 | 236.03 soil 35.33 |
| Charging group 3 | 5.98 Earth 1.20 | 8.92 soil 1.00 | 230.84 soil 40.41 | 208.56 soil 37.43 |
| Charging group 4 | 5.76 Earth 0.44 | 8.71 Earth 0.76 | 244.86 soil 34.82 | 209.26 soil 24.61 |
| Charging group 5 | 5.85 Earth 0.58 | 9.31 soil 0.95 | 250.38 soil 36.62 | 246.35 soil 15.75 |
| Charging group 6 | 5.98 Earth 1.04 | 9.17 Earth 1.15 | 238.58 soil 40.69 | 223.67 soil 23.16 |
In Table 4, the initial weight is the weight before the present feeding test, and the final weight is the weight on empty stomach weighed before the feeding for 14 days.
Compared with a blank group and a control group, the average feed intake of the feeding group is greatly improved, so that the daily gain is also obviously improved, the data have significant difference, and the feeding group 1 is the best embodiment of the invention.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. The fly-killing premix for the animals is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 5-10 wt% of diflubenzuron, 0.5-1.0 wt% of EM (effective microorganisms) powder, 10-30 wt% of diluent, 2-7 wt% of flavoring agent, 40-70 wt% of carrier, 5-10 wt% of adhesive, 1-5 wt% of wetting agent and 2-8 wt% of lubricant.
2. The veterinary fly-killing premix according to claim 1, wherein the diluent is microcrystalline cellulose and/or lactose.
3. The fly-killing premix for animals according to claim 1, wherein the flavoring agent is organic acid and/or aspartame, and the organic acid is preferably citric acid.
4. The fly-killing premix for animals according to claim 1, wherein the carrier is corn flour and calcium carbonate, and the weight ratio of the corn flour to the calcium carbonate is 1-3: 1.
5. The veterinary fly-killing premix according to claim 1, wherein the binder is sodium carboxymethylcellulose and/or polyvinyl alcohol.
6. The veterinary fly-killing premix according to claim 1, wherein the wetting agent is polysorbate 80 and/or absolute ethanol.
7. The veterinary fly-killing premix according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant is magnesium stearate.
8. The preparation method of the fly-killing premix for animals as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, which comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding diflubenzuron, EM bacterial powder, a diluent, a flavoring agent, a carrier, an adhesive and a lubricant respectively, and sieving;
(2) pulverizing and mixing the ground and sieved diflubenzuron and a diluent to obtain first mixed powder;
(3) crushing and mixing the first mixed powder and the ground and sieved flavoring agent to obtain second mixed powder;
(4) crushing and mixing the second mixed powder and the ground and sieved carrier to obtain third mixed powder;
(5) and uniformly mixing the third mixed powder and the EM bacterial powder according to an equivalent incremental method, and then uniformly mixing the mixture with a wetting agent, the ground and sieved lubricant and an adhesive to obtain the premix.
9. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the grinding time is 5-10min, and the particle size after grinding and sieving is not more than 80 meshes;
in the step (2), the crushing and mixing are carried out in a jet mill, the feeding speed of the jet mill is 3.0-5.0kg/h, and the air pressure is 2.5 multiplied by 105-4.5×105Pa; the particle size of the first mixed powder is D90 not more than 30 μm;
in the step (3), the crushing and mixing are carried out in a ball mill, and the crushing and mixing time is 10-15 min;
in the step (4), the crushing and mixing are carried out in a ball mill, and the crushing and mixing time is 15-25 min;
in the step (5), mixing is performed in a granulator.
10. Use of the fly-killing premix for animals according to any of claims 1 to 7 in animal feed.
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