CN111900782A - Charging control circuit, charging chip and charging equipment - Google Patents
Charging control circuit, charging chip and charging equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111900782A CN111900782A CN202011058282.2A CN202011058282A CN111900782A CN 111900782 A CN111900782 A CN 111900782A CN 202011058282 A CN202011058282 A CN 202011058282A CN 111900782 A CN111900782 A CN 111900782A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/0071—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with a programmable schedule
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention provides a charging control circuit, which comprises a voltage conversion module, a voltage detection module, a timer, a comparison trigger module and a controller. The voltage conversion module is used for generating preset direct-current voltage, outputting the preset direct-current voltage through the output interface, and charging the capacitor element connected with the output interface. The voltage detection module detects the voltage output by the output interface to obtain a detection voltage. The comparison trigger module respectively generates a first trigger signal and a second trigger signal when the detection voltage is greater than a first threshold voltage and less than a second preset voltage value. And the voltage conversion module is respectively closed and opened when receiving the first trigger signal and the second trigger signal. The timer is used for timing and stopping timing in response to the first trigger signal and the second trigger signal respectively. The capacitive element discharges when the voltage conversion module is turned off. The controller calculates the current output by the output interface according to the timing duration, the capacitance value of the capacitance element, the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage. The invention also provides a charging chip and charging equipment. The invention can realize small current charging and current detection.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a charging circuit, and more particularly, to a charging control circuit for controlling a charging process, a charging chip having the charging control circuit, and a charging device having the charging control circuit.
Background
At present, along with the rapid development of electronic products, intelligent wearing equipment of having low capacity electric core such as intelligent wrist-watch, intelligent bracelet, wireless earphone also more and more the kind, use also more and more extensively. Correspondingly, the demand that the intelligent wearable product of guaranteeing the low capacity electricity core carries out good charging is also bigger and bigger. Generally speaking, because the intelligent wearable device adopts a small-capacity battery cell, the battery cell capacity is smaller, and the charging current adopted also needs to be smaller. For example, a typical smart wearable device needs to be charged with 5-10mA (milliamp) of current, and for a typical charging device, the current is already sufficient to satisfy a full condition, that is, when the charging current is 5-10mA, the charging device enters a standby or off state. Therefore, for charging the smart wearable device with the small-capacity battery cell, in order to fully charge the device with the small-capacity battery cell, the charging device is required to be capable of maintaining the charging current of 5-10mA for a long time and not entering the standby/off state, and is turned off only when the charging current is less than the value of 5mA or less. Therefore, when the charging device charges the intelligent wearable device, the problem to be solved is that the light-load shutdown precision of the small current is improved.
One conventional scheme is to add a sampling resistor to an output terminal of the charging device, and then determine a charging current of a load through an ADC (analog-to-digital converter) to perform charging management according to the current charging current, for example, determine whether the charging device is fully charged. However, in the prior art, the detection precision of a 10-bit ADC is generally 1-2mv, if a small current of 1-10mA needs to be detected, the resistance value of the sampling resistor needs to be 0.5 ohm-1 ohm, the loss is large when the charging device is in a large current output state, and moreover, the cost is high because a 10-bit ADC needs to be added.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a charging control circuit, a charging chip and charging equipment, which can control small-current charging of intelligent wearable equipment and other equipment with small-capacity battery cores and realize current detection in the small-current charging process.
In one aspect, a charging control circuit is provided, which includes a voltage conversion module, a voltage detection module, a timer, a comparison trigger module, and a controller. The voltage conversion module is used for generating preset direct-current voltage and outputting the preset direct-current voltage through an output interface, and charging a capacitor element connected with the output interface, wherein the preset direct-current voltage at least comprises a slope voltage part with gradually increased voltage. The voltage detection module is used for detecting the voltage output by the output interface to obtain a detection voltage. The timer is used for timing. The comparison trigger module comprises an input end and an output end, the input end is connected with the voltage detection module, the output end is connected with the voltage conversion module and the timer, the comparison trigger module is used for comparing the detection voltage with a first threshold voltage and a second threshold voltage, controlling to generate a first trigger signal when the detection voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, and generating a second trigger signal when the detection voltage is less than the second threshold voltage, wherein the first threshold voltage is greater than the second threshold voltage. The voltage conversion module is used for being closed when receiving the first trigger signal, stopping outputting the preset direct-current voltage, and being opened when receiving the second trigger signal, and recovering to output the preset direct-current voltage. And the timer starts to time in response to the first trigger signal and stops timing in response to the second trigger signal. The capacitive element discharges when the voltage conversion module receives the first trigger signal and is turned off. The controller is connected with the timer and used for acquiring the timing duration from the beginning of timing to the stopping of timing of the timer, and calculating the current currently output by the output interface according to the timing duration, the capacitance value of the capacitive element, the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage.
On the other hand, the charging chip comprises a charging control circuit, wherein the charging control circuit comprises a voltage conversion module, a voltage detection module, a timer, a comparison trigger module and a controller. The voltage conversion module is used for generating preset direct-current voltage and outputting the preset direct-current voltage through an output interface, and charging a capacitor element connected with the output interface, wherein the preset direct-current voltage at least comprises a slope voltage part with gradually increased voltage. The voltage detection module is used for detecting the voltage output by the output interface to obtain a detection voltage. The timer is used for timing. The comparison trigger module comprises an input end and an output end, the input end is connected with the voltage detection module, the output end is connected with the voltage conversion module and the timer, the comparison trigger module is used for comparing the detection voltage with a first threshold voltage and a second threshold voltage, controlling to generate a first trigger signal when the detection voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, and generating a second trigger signal when the detection voltage is less than the second threshold voltage, wherein the first threshold voltage is greater than the second threshold voltage. The voltage conversion module is used for being closed when receiving the first trigger signal, stopping outputting the preset direct-current voltage, and being opened when receiving the second trigger signal, and recovering to output the preset direct-current voltage. And the timer starts to time in response to the first trigger signal and stops timing in response to the second trigger signal. The capacitive element discharges when the voltage conversion module receives the first trigger signal and is turned off. The controller is connected with the timer and used for acquiring the timing duration from the beginning of timing to the stopping of timing of the timer, and calculating the current currently output by the output interface according to the timing duration, the capacitance value of the capacitive element, the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage.
In another aspect, a charging apparatus is provided, where the charging apparatus includes a charging control circuit, and the charging control circuit includes a voltage conversion module, a voltage detection module, a timer, a comparison trigger module, and a controller. The voltage conversion module is used for generating preset direct-current voltage and outputting the preset direct-current voltage through an output interface, and charging a capacitor element connected with the output interface, wherein the preset direct-current voltage at least comprises a slope voltage part with gradually increased voltage. The voltage detection module is used for detecting the voltage output by the output interface to obtain a detection voltage. The timer is used for timing. The comparison trigger module comprises an input end and an output end, the input end is connected with the voltage detection module, the output end is connected with the voltage conversion module and the timer, the comparison trigger module is used for comparing the detection voltage with a first threshold voltage and a second threshold voltage, controlling to generate a first trigger signal when the detection voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, and generating a second trigger signal when the detection voltage is less than the second threshold voltage, wherein the first threshold voltage is greater than the second threshold voltage. The voltage conversion module is used for being closed when receiving the first trigger signal, stopping outputting the preset direct-current voltage, and being opened when receiving the second trigger signal, and recovering to output the preset direct-current voltage. And the timer starts to time in response to the first trigger signal and stops timing in response to the second trigger signal. The capacitive element discharges when the voltage conversion module receives the first trigger signal and is turned off. The controller is connected with the timer and used for acquiring the timing duration from the beginning of timing to the stopping of timing of the timer, and calculating the current currently output by the output interface according to the timing duration, the capacitance value of the capacitive element, the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage.
The application discloses control circuit, charging chip and battery charging outfit charge, through above-mentioned structure, then will close when voltage conversion module's voltage is greater than first threshold voltage, and pass through capacitive element discharges, and when capacitive element discharges to being less than second threshold voltage, voltage conversion module reopens and resumes output voltage to, can be so that the voltage of output interface output is located the undercurrent and charges required predetermineeing the within range, and can realize undercurrent and charge. In addition, the charging control circuit of the application does not need to use a high-precision ADC, and can realize current detection during low-current charging so as to further realize management of low-current charging.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a charge control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a specific circuit diagram of a charge control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a timing diagram of a voltage waveform output by an output interface and corresponding first comparison signals, second comparison signals and trigger signals according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a specific circuit diagram of a charge control circuit according to another embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic waveform diagram of a preset dc voltage generated by a power conversion circuit in a charge control circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a charging chip according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of a charging device in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a charging control method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used in the embodiments of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the examples of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. "connected" in this application includes direct and indirect connections.
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a charge control circuit 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the charging control circuit 100 includes a voltage conversion module 1, a voltage detection module 2, a timer 3, a comparison triggering module 4, and a controller 5. The voltage conversion module 1 is configured to generate a preset dc voltage and output the preset dc voltage through an output interface 201, and charge a capacitor element 202 connected to the output interface 201, where the preset dc voltage at least includes a ramp voltage portion with gradually increasing voltage. The voltage detection module 2 is configured to detect a voltage output by the output interface 201 to obtain a detection voltage. The timer is used for timing. The comparison triggering module 4 includes an input terminal 41 and an output terminal 42, the input terminal 41 is connected to the voltage detecting module 2, the output terminal 42 is connected to the voltage converting module 1 and the timer 3, and the comparison triggering module 4 is configured to compare the detection voltage with a first threshold voltage and a second threshold voltage, and control to generate a first triggering signal when the detection voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, and generate a second triggering signal when the detection voltage is less than the second threshold voltage, where the first threshold voltage is greater than the second threshold voltage.
The voltage conversion module 1 is configured to turn off when receiving the first trigger signal, stop outputting the preset dc voltage, and turn on when receiving the second trigger signal, and resume outputting the preset dc voltage. The timer 3 is configured to start timing in response to the first trigger signal and stop timing in response to the second trigger signal. Wherein, the capacitive element 202 discharges when the voltage conversion module 1 receives the first trigger signal to turn off. The controller 5 is connected to the timer 3, and is configured to acquire a timing duration from starting timing to stopping timing of the timer 3, and calculate a current currently output by the output interface 201 according to the timing duration, the capacitance value of the capacitive element 202, the first threshold voltage, and the second threshold voltage.
Therefore, with the charging control circuit 100 in the present application, the voltage of the voltage conversion module 1 is turned off when the voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, and is discharged through the capacitive element 202, and when the voltage of the capacitive element 202 is discharged to be lower than the second threshold voltage, the voltage conversion module 1 is turned on again to recover the output voltage, so that the voltage output by the output interface 201 is within the preset range required by the small current charging, and the small current charging can be realized. In addition, the charging control circuit 100 of the present application can realize current detection during low current charging without using a high-precision ADC, and can further realize management of low current charging according to the detected current.
The charging control circuit 100 can be applied to a charging device 300 (as shown in fig. 7), and the output interface 201 can be an interface used by the charging device 300 to connect with a device 101 to be charged.
The capacitive element 202 is connected between the output interface 201 and ground. The capacitive element 202 outputs a preset dc voltage to charge the voltage conversion module 1, and discharges the voltage conversion module 1 when receiving the first trigger signal and turning off the voltage conversion module.
Therefore, when the voltage conversion module 1 outputs a preset dc voltage, the output interface 201 outputs the preset dc voltage, and the capacitor element 202 is charged. When the voltage conversion module 1 stops outputting the preset dc voltage, the capacitor element 202 discharges, and the output interface 201 outputs the discharging voltage when the capacitor element 202 discharges.
In some embodiments, the output interface 201 and the capacitive element 202 may be located outside the charge control circuit 100, for example, the capacitive element 202 may serve as a peripheral circuit of the charge control circuit 100. Obviously, in other embodiments, the output interface 201 and/or the capacitive element 202 may also be a structure in the charge control circuit 100, that is, the charge control circuit 100 may also include the aforementioned output interface 201 and/or the capacitive element 202.
The voltage detection module 2 detects a preset dc voltage output by the output interface 201 to obtain a corresponding detection voltage when the voltage conversion module 1 outputs the preset dc voltage, and detects a discharge voltage output by the output interface 201 when the capacitor element 202 discharges when the voltage conversion module 1 stops outputting the preset dc voltage and the capacitor element 202 discharges to obtain the corresponding detection voltage.
In some embodiments, the detection voltage detected by the voltage detection module 2 is proportional to the voltage output by the output interface 201, that is, the detection voltage increases with the increase of the voltage output by the output interface 201, and decreases with the decrease of the voltage output by the output interface 201.
Further, the detection voltage detected by the voltage detection module 2 may be 1/n of the voltage output by the output interface 201, where n may be a natural number greater than or equal to 1. Obviously, in some embodiments, n may also be a non-positive integer greater than 1, and may be, for example, 1.5, 2.5, etc.
The calculating, by the controller 5, the current currently output by the output interface 201 according to the timing duration, the capacitance value of the capacitive element 202, the first threshold voltage, and the second threshold voltage may specifically include: the controller 5 calculates a voltage difference between the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage, then calculates a ratio of the voltage difference to the timing duration, and calculates n times of a product of the ratio and a capacitance value of the capacitive element 202 to obtain the current output by the output interface 201.
Specifically, the preset dc voltage at least includes a ramp voltage portion with gradually increasing voltage, that is, the preset dc voltage output by the voltage conversion module 1 will gradually increase, when the preset dc voltage increases to the point that the detected voltage reaches the first threshold voltage, the comparison trigger module 4 generates a first trigger signal, the voltage conversion module 1 is turned off when receiving the first trigger signal, and stops outputting the preset dc voltage, the timer 3 starts timing in response to the first trigger signal, and at the same time, the capacitive element 202 starts discharging, the voltage of the capacitive element 202 at this time is substantially the same as the preset dc voltage currently output by the voltage conversion module 1, and the detected voltage detected by the voltage detection module 2 is substantially equal to the first threshold voltage at this time.
When the capacitive element 202 discharges, the voltage output by the output interface 201 is the discharge voltage of the capacitive element 202, and as the discharge voltage continuously decreases along with the discharge, when the detected voltage decreases to the second threshold voltage, the voltage conversion module 1 starts when receiving the second trigger signal, resumes outputting the preset dc voltage, and the timer 3 stops timing in response to the second trigger signal.
Therefore, when the detected voltage detected by the voltage detecting module 2 can be 1/n of the voltage output by the output interface 201, the time period from the beginning to the end of the timing by the timer 3 is equal to the time period from n times of the voltage of the capacitive element 202 to n times of the voltage of the first threshold voltage.
If the timing duration is t, the capacitance value of the capacitive element 202 is C1, the first threshold voltage is Vref1, the second threshold voltage is Vref2, and the current output by the output interface 201 is I, then according to a differential formula of the capacitance voltage and the current:
Δ I = C1 (n × Vref1-n × Vref2)/t, may calculate Δ I. The differential formula is obtained by the principle of conservation of electric quantity, and when the electric quantity of the capacitor element 202 is Q, I = Q = C1 · (n · Vref1-n · Vref2), the differential formula can be obtained: Δ I = C1 · (n × Vref1-Vn × ref 2)/t.
Since the time period for the voltage of the capacitive element 202 to drop from the first threshold voltage to the second threshold voltage, i.e. the timing time period t is usually short, the Δ I can be regarded as equivalent to the current I of the output interface 201 in the timing time period.
That is, the output interface 201 outputs the current I = C1 (n × Vref1-n × Vref 2)/t. Therefore, the controller 5 may calculate a voltage difference between the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage, then calculate a ratio of the voltage difference to the timing duration, and calculate n times of a product of the ratio and a capacitance value of the capacitive element 202, so as to obtain the current output by the output interface 201.
Therefore, in the application, the current detection in the low-current charging process can be realized without adopting a resistor with a high resistance value and an ADC with high precision, so that the cost is reduced, and the energy loss is also reduced.
The first threshold voltage, the second threshold voltage, and the capacitance value of the capacitive element 202 are preset fixed values that are not changed after the circuit is designed, and may be programmed/stored in the controller 5 in advance, and the controller 5 may obtain the preset first threshold voltage, the preset second threshold voltage, and the preset capacitance value as needed, and obtain the timing duration from the timer 3 to perform the above calculation.
Fig. 2 is a specific circuit diagram of the charge control circuit 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the voltage detecting module 2 includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are sequentially connected in series between the output interface 201 and the ground, a voltage of a connection node N1 of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 is the detecting voltage, and the input terminal 41 of the comparison triggering module 4 is connected to a connection node of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 to obtain the detecting voltage.
Therefore, if the voltage output by the output interface 201 is Vout, the detection voltage is Vd, and the resistance values of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are R1 and R2, respectively, then the detection voltage Vd = Vout × R2/(R1+ R2).
That is, the voltage detection module 2 divides the voltage output by the output interface 201 to obtain the detection voltage, the detection voltage and the voltage output by the output interface 201 are in a direct proportional relationship, and a proportionality coefficient is R2/(R1+ R2), that is, n = (R1+ R2)/R2. Therefore, by designing the resistance values of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, the corresponding detection voltage having a specific proportional relationship with the voltage output by the output interface 201 can be obtained.
For example, when R1= R2, the n =2, when R2=2 × R1, the n =3, and when R2 is significantly larger than R1, the n is substantially equal to 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the comparison triggering module 4 further includes a comparison circuit 43 and a flip-flop 44, the comparison circuit 43 and the flip-flop 44 are sequentially connected between the input terminal 41 and the output terminal 42 of the comparison triggering module 4, the comparison circuit 43 is configured to compare the detection voltage with a first threshold voltage and a second threshold voltage, and control to generate a first comparison signal when the detection voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, and generate a second comparison signal when the detection voltage is less than the second threshold voltage, the flip-flop 44 generates the first trigger signal and outputs the first trigger signal through the output terminal 42 when receiving the first comparison signal, and generates the second trigger signal and outputs the second trigger signal through the output terminal 42 when receiving the second comparison signal.
That is, in some embodiments, the comparison triggering module 4 specifically includes a comparing circuit 43 and a flip-flop 44, in order to compare the detection voltage with the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage through the comparing circuit 43 and output a corresponding comparison signal, and output a corresponding triggering signal according to the received comparison signal through the flip-flop 44.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the comparing circuit 43 includes a first comparator 431 and a second comparator 432, the first comparator 431 includes a first non-inverting input terminal 4311, a first inverting input terminal 4312 and a first output terminal 4313, and the second comparator 432 includes a second non-inverting input terminal 4321, a second inverting input terminal 4322 and a second output terminal 4323. The first non-inverting input terminal 4311 and the second non-inverting input terminal 4321 are both connected to the input terminal 41 of the comparison trigger module 4 to receive the detection voltage, the first inverting input terminal 4312 of the first comparator 431 is used for accessing the first threshold voltage, and the second inverting input terminal 4322 of the second comparator 432 is used for accessing the second threshold voltage.
The flip-flop 44 includes a first signal input 441, a second signal input 442, and a signal output 443, the first signal input 441 is connected to the first output 4313, the second signal input 442 is connected to the second output 4323, and the signal output 443 of the flip-flop 44 is connected to the output 42 of the comparison trigger module 4.
When the detection voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, the first comparator 431 outputs a first comparison signal which is a rising edge signal through the first output terminal 4313, and when the detection voltage is less than the second threshold voltage, the second comparator 432 outputs a second comparison signal which is a falling edge signal through the second output terminal 4323. The flip-flop 44 controls to output the first trigger signal when the first signal input terminal 441 receives the first comparison signal which is a rising edge signal, and controls to output the second trigger signal when the second signal input terminal 442 receives the second comparison signal which is a falling edge signal.
Fig. 3 is a timing diagram of a voltage waveform output by the output interface 201, the first comparison signal, the second comparison signal and the trigger signal according to an embodiment of the present application.
The slope voltage part of the preset direct-current voltage is a first part of the preset direct-current voltage output after the voltage conversion module is started. Namely, the voltage conversion module outputs the ramp voltage part with gradually rising voltage in the initial period of the preset direct current voltage output after being started. When the maximum voltage of the ramp voltage part is greater than the voltage detected by the voltage detection module 2 and equal to the first threshold voltage, the output interface 201 outputs a corresponding voltage.
As the preset dc voltage gradually increases, before the ramp voltage portion of the preset dc voltage increases to the maximum value, the detection voltage detected by the voltage detection module 2 is greater than or equal to the first threshold voltage, so that the comparison trigger module 4 generates a first trigger signal to turn off the voltage conversion module 1, then the capacitor element 202 discharges, the output interface 201 outputs a discharge voltage when the capacitor element 202 discharges, the discharge voltage continuously decreases along with the discharge, when the detection voltage decreases to the second threshold voltage, the voltage conversion module 1 is turned on again when receiving the second trigger signal, resumes outputting the ramp voltage portion of the preset dc voltage, and charges the capacitor element 202.
Thus, as shown in fig. 3, since the voltage conversion module 1 is turned off and on periodically, finally, the voltage Vout output by the output interface 201 forms a periodic signal, and the voltage of each period is a triangular voltage wave composed of a gradually rising partial ramp voltage output by the voltage conversion module 1 and a gradually falling ramp voltage when the capacitor element 202 discharges. The discharge time of the capacitive element 202 in each period is the timing time t of the timer 3.
Therefore, in the present application, the output interface 201 charges the device to be charged 101 by outputting the triangular voltage wave. As described above, in some embodiments, the detection voltage detected by the voltage detection module 2 may be 1/n of the voltage output by the output interface 201, when the detection voltage reaches the first threshold voltage, the comparison trigger module 4 generates a first trigger signal, the voltage conversion module 1 is turned off when receiving the first trigger signal, and stops outputting the preset dc voltage, when the capacitor element 202 discharges, because the discharge voltage continuously decreases along with the discharge, when the detection voltage decreases to the second threshold voltage, the voltage conversion module 1 is turned on when receiving the second trigger signal, and resumes outputting the preset dc voltage, and at this time, the voltage output by the output interface 201 may increase again.
Therefore, assuming that the first threshold voltage is Vref1 and the second threshold voltage is Vref2, the voltage output by the output interface 201 will be limited to n × Vref2 to n × Vref 1. Therefore, by setting the proportionality coefficient between the detection voltage and the voltage output by the output interface 201, and the magnitude of the second threshold voltage when the first threshold voltage is the second threshold voltage, the range of the voltage output by the output interface 201 can be controlled, and the voltage required by low-current charging can be provided.
As shown in fig. 3, when the detection voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, the first comparator 431 outputs a first comparison signal OP1 which is a rising edge signal through the first output terminal 4313, wherein in this application, when the detection voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, the detection voltage is a time when the detection voltage changes from being less than the first threshold voltage to being greater than the first threshold voltage. Accordingly, the first comparison signal OP1 output by the first comparator 431 jumps from a low level to a high level to form a rising edge signal. At this time, the second output terminal 4323 of the second comparator 432 continuously outputs the high level signal. At this time, the trigger comparison module 4, that is, the trigger signal EN output by the flip-flop 44, changes to a low level, that is, outputs the first trigger signal at a low level.
Since the trigger comparing module 4 outputs the first trigger signal to turn off the voltage converting module 1 and discharge the capacitor 202, the detection voltage will quickly drop to be less than the first threshold voltage, and the first comparing signal OP1 output by the first comparator 431 will return to the low level.
When the detection voltage is smaller than the second threshold voltage, the second comparator 432 outputs a second comparison signal as a falling edge through the second output terminal 4323. In this application, the detecting voltage being less than the first threshold voltage refers to a time when the detecting voltage changes from being greater than a second threshold voltage to being less than the second threshold voltage. Accordingly, the second comparison signal OP2 output by the second comparator 432 will jump from high level to low level to form a rising edge signal. At this time, the first output terminal 4313 of the first comparator 431 continuously outputs the low level signal. At this time, the trigger signal EN output by the trigger comparison module 4 becomes a high level, that is, the second trigger signal at the high level is output.
In the present application, the first trigger signal and the second trigger signal output by the flip-flop 44 are inverted signals, such as low level and high level, respectively, and are output continuously, and are not inverted to another signal until the other trigger signal is output. The flip-flop 44 may be configured to output a first trigger signal only in response to the rising edge signal input by the first signal input terminal 441 and the falling edge signal input by the second signal input terminal 442, that is, the flip-flop 44 performs signal inversion only when the first signal input terminal 441 receives the first comparison signal OP1 of the rising edge signal output by the first output terminal 4313, and performs signal inversion only when the second signal input terminal 442 receives the second comparison signal OP2 of the falling edge signal output by the second output terminal 4323, and inverts to output a second trigger signal.
The output of the flip-flop 44 is actually a trigger signal, for example, a signal with a waveform as shown in fig. 3, and the first trigger signal and the second trigger signal in this application are actually signal segments with opposite potentials output by the flip-flop 44 at different time points.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments of the present application, the output end 42 of the comparison triggering module 4 may be directly connected to the voltage conversion module 1 and the timer 3, and the voltage conversion module 1 is turned off when receiving a first triggering signal output by the output end 42 of the comparison triggering module 4, and is turned on when receiving a second triggering signal output by the output end 42 of the comparison triggering module 4. The timer 3 starts to time in response to the first trigger signal, which means that the timer 3 starts to time when receiving the first trigger signal; the timer 3 stops counting in response to the second trigger signal, which means that the timer 3 stops counting when receiving the second trigger signal.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the voltage conversion module 1 includes an enable terminal EN1, the timer 3 includes an enable terminal EN2, and specifically, the output terminal 42 of the comparison trigger module 4 is directly connected to the enable terminal EN1 of the voltage conversion module 1 and the enable terminal EN2 of the timer 3. When the enable terminal EN1 of the voltage conversion module 1 and the enable terminal EN2 of the timer 3 receive the same level of trigger signals, one of the voltage conversion module 1 and the timer 3 is turned on/operated, and the other is turned off/operated.
For example, when the enable terminal EN1 of the voltage conversion module 1 and the enable terminal EN2 of the timer 3 both receive the first trigger signal with the low level, the voltage conversion module 1 is turned off, and the timer 3 starts timing, and when the enable terminal EN1 of the voltage conversion module 1 and the enable terminal EN2 of the timer 3 both receive the second trigger signal with the high level, the voltage conversion module 1 is turned on, and the timer 3 stops timing.
Fig. 4 is a specific circuit diagram of the charge control circuit 100 according to another embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the charging control circuit 100 further includes an inverter 6, the inverter 6 is connected between the output end 42 of the comparison trigger module 4 and the timer 3, the inverter 6 is configured to invert the first trigger signal or the second trigger signal output by the comparison trigger module, and the timer 3 starts timing when receiving the inverted signal of the first trigger signal and stops timing when receiving the inverted signal of the second trigger signal.
That is, in another embodiment, the timer 3 starts to count in response to the first trigger signal, which means that the timer 3 starts to count when receiving an inverted signal of the first trigger signal; the timer 3 stops timing in response to the second trigger signal, which means that the timer 3 stops timing when receiving an inverted signal of the second trigger signal.
In another embodiment as shown in fig. 4, both the timer 3 and the voltage conversion module 1 are high-level trigger devices that are on/off, and by providing the inverter 6, it is possible to start the timer 3 for timing while the voltage conversion module 1 is off, and stop the timer 3 for timing while the voltage conversion module 1 is on.
Obviously, for example, as shown in fig. 2, as mentioned above, the inverter may be an unnecessary component, the voltage conversion module 1 may be activated/operated by high level trigger, and the timer 3 may be activated/activated by low level trigger, or the timer 3 itself may be integrated with an inverter.
In some embodiments of the present application, the controller 5 is further connected to the voltage conversion module 1, and is configured to control the voltage conversion module 1 to be continuously turned off or control the voltage conversion module 1 to be continuously turned off after a preset time period when the current output by the output interface 201 is smaller than a preset current threshold.
The preset current threshold value can be a current threshold value when the intelligent wearable device for low-current charging waits for the charging device 101 to be fully charged.
Therefore, after the current output by the output interface 201 is obtained through calculation, the controller 5 compares the current output by the output interface 201 with the preset current threshold, and when the current output by the output interface 201 is smaller than the preset current threshold, it is determined that the electric quantity of the device to be charged 101 is full, the voltage conversion module 1 is controlled to be immediately turned off and is continuously turned off. Alternatively, the controller 5 controls the voltage conversion module 1 to be continuously turned off after a preset time period, for example, 10 minutes, so that the voltage conversion module 1 is continuously turned off after the complementary charging is continuously performed with a smaller current. Therefore, by controlling the voltage conversion module 1 to be continuously turned off, energy consumption can be effectively saved.
In other embodiments, the controller 5 may not control the voltage conversion module 1 to be continuously turned off, and continues to charge the device to be charged 101 in the manner described above.
The voltage conversion module 1 may be a digital control DC (direct current) -DC converter, and is turned off or turned on when receiving a corresponding level signal. For example, as mentioned above, the voltage conversion module 1 is turned off when receiving the first trigger signal at a low level, and is turned on when receiving the second trigger signal at a high level. The voltage conversion module 1 may convert the received dc power into the preset dc voltage.
In this application, the capacitance element 202 may include a single capacitor, a plurality of capacitors connected in series, or a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel, and the overall capacitance value of the capacitance element 202 is the capacitance value C1 described above.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the output interface 201 in the present application includes a positive terminal V + and a negative terminal V —, where "the capacitor element 202 is connected between the output interface 201 and ground" means that the capacitor element 202 is connected between the positive terminal V + of the output interface 201 and ground, "the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are sequentially connected in series between the output interface 201 and ground" also means that the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are sequentially connected in series between the positive terminal of the output interface 201 and ground, "and a voltage output by the output interface 201 also means a voltage of the positive terminal V + of the output interface 201. Wherein, the negative terminal V of the output interface 201 is grounded.
Referring to fig. 5, a waveform diagram of the preset dc voltage Vc generated by the power conversion circuit 1 is shown, wherein in some embodiments, the preset dc voltage output by the power conversion circuit 1 may include a second portion in addition to a ramp voltage portion which is a first portion. The second part may be a pulsed dc part, and the duration of the pulsed dc part is significantly longer than that of the ramp voltage part, for example, the ramp voltage part may only last for 10 seconds, and then all the output is the pulsed dc part.
That is, if there is no above-mentioned cycle of repeatedly triggering the power conversion circuit 1 to turn on and off by the comparison triggering module 4, the power conversion circuit 1 will actually output a pulse dc after outputting the ramp voltage portion. The pulse direct current can be used for charging terminal equipment with large battery cell capacity, such as a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer and the like.
Therefore, in the present application, the controller 5 may also turn on the comparison triggering module 4 or turn off the comparison triggering module 4 according to the type of the current device to be charged 101. Specifically, when the current device 101 to be charged is an intelligent wearable device with a small-capacity battery core, the controller 5 controls to turn on the comparison trigger module 4, that is, the comparison trigger module 4 can perform the above operations to control the power conversion circuit 1 to be turned on and off circularly, so as to limit the voltage output by the output interface 201 within a certain range, thereby implementing low-current charging. When the controller 5 determines that the current device to be charged 101 is a terminal device such as a mobile phone or a tablet computer having a cell with a large capacity, the comparison triggering module 4 is controlled to be turned off, and at this time, the power conversion circuit 1 continuously outputs a pulse direct current through the output interface 201 after outputting the ramp voltage part, so as to operate the terminal device such as a mobile phone or a tablet computer having a large cell capacity.
Therefore, the charging control circuit 100 in the present application not only can charge and manage the intelligent wearable device with a small-capacity battery cell, but also can charge the terminal device with a large battery cell capacity, such as a mobile phone and a tablet computer.
The controller 5 may obtain a device identifier of the device 101 to be charged and determine the type of the device 101 to be charged when the output interface 201 is connected to the device 101 to be charged.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a charging chip 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the charging chip 200 includes the aforementioned charging control circuit 100, wherein the capacitive element 202 may be a peripheral circuit of the charging chip 200. Obviously, in some embodiments, the capacitive element 202 may also be integrated inside the charging chip 200. In some embodiments, the output interface 201 may also refer to a voltage output pin of the charging chip 200, that is, the output interface 201 may also be a structure integrated with the charging chip 200 or the charging control circuit 100.
Further, the charging chip may be a fast charging chip supporting fast charging. The charging chip 200 can be applied to charging equipment to realize charging with small current and management in the charging process.
As mentioned above, the charging control circuit 100 and the charging chip 200 can also charge a general intelligent terminal such as a mobile phone and a tablet computer, and the structures of the charging control circuit 100 and the charging chip 200 only focus on the element structures for realizing the charging with a small current and the management in the charging process.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of a charging apparatus 300 according to an embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the charging device 300 includes the aforementioned charging control circuit 100, or includes the aforementioned charging chip 200.
When the output interface 201 and the capacitive element 202 are configured as elements outside the charging control circuit 100 or the charging chip 200, the charging device 300 further includes the output interface 201 and the capacitive element 202.
The output interface 201 may be a charging interface of the charging device 300, for example, may be a USB interface.
The charging device 300 may be a charging adapter, a portable power source, or a terminal device such as a mobile phone and a tablet computer that can supply power to other devices.
In some embodiments, when the charging device 300 is a charging adapter, the charging device 300 may further include a power plug and a bridge rectifier circuit, the power plug is used for accessing a mains supply, the bridge rectifier circuit is used for converting the mains supply accessed by the power plug into a direct current, the bridge rectifier circuit may be connected between the power plug and the power conversion unit 1, and the power conversion unit 1 is used for converting a direct current voltage output by the bridge rectifier circuit into a corresponding preset direct current voltage.
The charging device may further include other elements, which are not described in detail since they are not related to the improvement of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a charging control method according to an embodiment of the present application. The charging control method is applied to the charging control circuit 100, the charging chip 200, and the charging device 300. As shown in fig. 7, the charge control method includes:
801: generating preset direct-current voltage through a voltage conversion module, outputting the preset direct-current voltage through an output interface, and charging a capacitor element connected with the output interface; the preset direct-current voltage at least comprises a ramp voltage part with gradually increasing voltage.
802: and detecting the voltage output by the output interface through a voltage detection module to obtain a detection voltage.
803: the detection voltage is compared with a first threshold voltage and a second threshold voltage. If the detection voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, step 804 is executed, and if the detection voltage is less than the second threshold voltage, step 805 is executed.
804: and when the detection voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, controlling to generate a first trigger signal so as to close the voltage detection module, stop outputting the preset direct-current voltage and start timing by a timer.
805: generating a second trigger signal when the detection voltage is smaller than the second threshold voltage so as to start the voltage detection module, recover to output the preset direct-current voltage and stop timing by the timer;
806: and acquiring the timing duration from the beginning to the end of timing of the timer, and calculating the current currently output by the output interface according to the timing duration, the capacitance value of the capacitive element, the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage.
The charging control method may further include other steps, and may further include a step corresponding to the operation performed by the charging control circuit 100 or a further more specific step, for example: the step of detecting the voltage output by the output interface through the voltage detection module to obtain a detection voltage includes: when the voltage conversion module outputs a preset direct current voltage, the voltage detection module detects the preset direct current voltage output by the output interface to obtain a corresponding detection voltage, and when the voltage conversion module stops outputting the preset direct current voltage and the capacitor element discharges, the voltage detection module detects a discharge voltage output by the output interface when the capacitor element discharges to obtain the corresponding detection voltage.
Specifically, other steps included in the charging control method or more specific steps may refer to the related description of the charging control circuit 100.
Therefore, according to the charging control circuit 100, the charging chip 200, the charging device 300 and the charging control method in the present application, the voltage of the voltage conversion module is turned off when the voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, and is discharged through the capacitive element, and when the voltage of the capacitive element is discharged to be lower than the second threshold voltage, the voltage conversion module is turned on again to recover the output voltage, so that the voltage output by the output interface is within the preset range required by the low-current charging, and the low-current charging can be realized. In addition, the charging control circuit of the application can realize current detection during low-current charging without using a high-precision ADC, and can realize management of low-current charging according to the detected current.
Reference is made herein to various exemplary embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that changes and modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope hereof. For example, various operational steps, as well as components used to perform the operational steps, may be deleted, modified or combined with other steps.
The foregoing is illustrative of embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the embodiments of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A charge control circuit, comprising:
the voltage conversion module is used for generating preset direct-current voltage and outputting the preset direct-current voltage through an output interface, and charging a capacitor element connected with the output interface, wherein the preset direct-current voltage at least comprises a slope voltage part with gradually increased voltage;
the voltage detection module is used for detecting the voltage output by the output interface to obtain a detection voltage;
the timer is used for timing;
the comparison trigger module comprises an input end and an output end, the input end is connected with the voltage detection module, the output end is connected with the voltage conversion module and the timer, the comparison trigger module is used for comparing the detection voltage with a first threshold voltage and a second threshold voltage, controlling to generate a first trigger signal when the detection voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, and generating a second trigger signal when the detection voltage is less than the second threshold voltage, wherein the first threshold voltage is greater than the second threshold voltage;
the voltage conversion module is used for stopping outputting the preset direct-current voltage when receiving the first trigger signal, and for starting when receiving the second trigger signal to recover outputting the preset direct-current voltage;
the timer is used for responding to the first trigger signal to start timing and responding to the second trigger signal to stop timing;
the capacitive element discharges when the voltage conversion module receives the first trigger signal and is turned off;
the charging control circuit further comprises a controller, wherein the controller is connected with the timer and used for acquiring the timing duration from the beginning of timing to the stopping of timing of the timer, and calculating the current currently output by the output interface according to the timing duration, the capacitance value of the capacitive element, the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage.
2. The charging control circuit of claim 1, wherein the voltage detection module detects a predetermined dc voltage output by the output interface to obtain a corresponding detection voltage when the voltage conversion module outputs the predetermined dc voltage, and detects a discharge voltage output by the output interface when the capacitive element discharges to obtain the corresponding detection voltage when the voltage conversion module stops outputting the predetermined dc voltage and the capacitive element discharges.
3. The charging control circuit of claim 1, wherein the voltage detection module detects a voltage output from the output interface to obtain a detection voltage proportional to the voltage output from the output interface.
4. The charging control circuit of claim 3, wherein the voltage detection module detects the voltage output by the output interface to obtain a detection voltage that is 1/n of the voltage output by the output interface, where n is a number greater than or equal to 1.
5. The charge control circuit of claim 4, wherein the controller calculates a voltage difference between the first threshold voltage and the second threshold voltage, calculates a ratio of the voltage difference to the timing duration, and calculates n times a product of the ratio and a capacitance value of the capacitive element to obtain the current output by the output interface.
6. The charging control circuit of claim 1, wherein the voltage detection module comprises a first resistor and a second resistor, the first resistor and the second resistor are connected in series between the output interface and ground, a voltage of a connection node of the first resistor and the second resistor is the detection voltage, and an input terminal of the comparison trigger module is connected to the connection node of the first resistor and the second resistor to obtain the detection voltage.
7. The charging control circuit of claim 6, wherein the comparison trigger module comprises a comparison circuit and a flip-flop, the comparison circuit and the flip-flop are sequentially connected between an input terminal and an output terminal of the comparison trigger module, the comparison circuit is configured to compare the detection voltage with a first threshold voltage and a second threshold voltage, and control to generate a first comparison signal when the detection voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, and generate a second comparison signal when the detection voltage is less than the second threshold voltage, the flip-flop generates the first trigger signal and outputs the first trigger signal through the output terminal when receiving the first comparison signal, and generates the second trigger signal and outputs the second trigger signal through the output terminal when receiving the second comparison signal.
8. The charging control circuit of claim 7, wherein the comparison circuit comprises a first comparator and a second comparator, the first comparator comprises a first positive input terminal, a first negative input terminal and a first output terminal, the second comparator comprises a second positive input terminal, a second negative input terminal and a second output terminal, the first positive input terminal and the second positive input terminal are connected to the input terminal of the comparison trigger module for receiving the detection voltage, the first negative input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the first threshold voltage, the second negative input terminal of the second comparator is connected to the second threshold voltage, the trigger comprises a first signal input terminal, a second signal input terminal and a signal output terminal, the first signal input terminal is connected to the first output terminal, the second signal input end is connected with the second output end, and the signal output end of the trigger is connected with the output end of the comparison trigger module.
9. The charge control circuit according to claim 8, wherein the first comparator outputs a first comparison signal that is a rising edge signal through the first output terminal when the detected voltage is greater than the first threshold voltage, and the second comparator outputs a second comparison signal that is a falling edge signal through the second output terminal when the detected voltage is less than the second threshold voltage; the trigger controls to output the first trigger signal when the first signal input end receives the first comparison signal which is the rising edge signal, and controls to output the second trigger signal when the second signal input end receives the second comparison signal which is the falling edge signal.
10. The charging control circuit of claim 1, further comprising an inverter connected between the output of the comparison trigger module and the timer, wherein the inverter is configured to invert the first trigger signal or the second trigger signal output by the comparison trigger module, and the timer starts timing when receiving the inverted signal of the first trigger signal and stops timing when receiving the inverted signal of the second trigger signal.
11. The charge control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the controller is further configured to control the voltage conversion module to be continuously turned off or to be continuously turned off after a preset time period elapses, when the current currently output by the output interface is smaller than a preset current threshold.
12. The charging control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the ramp voltage portion is a first portion of a preset dc voltage output by the voltage conversion module after being turned on, and a maximum voltage of the ramp voltage portion is greater than a voltage correspondingly output by the output interface when the detected voltage is equal to the first threshold voltage.
13. A charging chip, characterized in that it comprises a charge control circuit according to any of claims 1-12.
14. The charging chip of claim 13, wherein the charging chip is a fast charging chip supporting fast charging.
15. A charging device characterized in that it comprises a charge control circuit according to any one of claims 1-12.
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| CN202110213578.5A CN114336813B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Charging control circuit, charging chip and charging equipment |
| CN202011058282.2A CN111900782B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Charging control circuit, charging chip and charging equipment |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN114336813A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
| CN111900782B (en) | 2021-01-05 |
| CN114336813B (en) | 2023-06-20 |
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