CN111893988A - Ecological improvement method for microorganism-induced silty-fine sand consolidated soft soil roadbed - Google Patents
Ecological improvement method for microorganism-induced silty-fine sand consolidated soft soil roadbed Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
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Abstract
The invention provides a microorganism-induced fine sand consolidation soft soil roadbed ecological improvement method, wherein a microorganism adopts Paenibacillus pasteurianus, a strain is freeze-dried powder, and bacteria are activated and cultured in a culture solution to obtain a Paenibacillus pasteurianus concentrated solution; then, fine sand is mixed into the soft soil, the mixing proportion of the fine sand is 10-20%, and the fine sand provides large-particle-size aggregate for the soft soil road; and (3) doping the bacillus pasteurii concentrated solution into the nutrient solution, injecting the nutrient solution into the sandy soil subgrade, and then injecting the consolidation solution until the subgrade does not reach the expected target. The invention applies the interdisciplinary science and uses the biochemical technology to treat the soft soil roadbed, thereby overcoming the problems of high pollution, high energy consumption and the like of the roadbed treated by the traditional physical and chemical methods, realizing the strengthening treatment of the soft soil roadbed, and reducing the problems of environmental pollution and energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microorganism-induced calcium carbonate precipitation strengthening of roadbeds, and particularly relates to a microorganism-induced fine sand consolidation soft soil roadbed ecological improvement method.
Background
The fatigue life and the working performance of the soft soil roadbed are not optimistic under the increasing reciprocating action of traffic load (high speed and heavy load). If the bearing capacity of the roadbed soil is deteriorated and insufficient, and even liquefaction occurs, engineering disasters related to liquefaction, such as subgrade settlement, floating of underground pipelines and tunnels, slope instability, excessive erosion of coasts or river banks and the like, can be caused, and the exertion of the transportation function of the roadbed soil is influenced.
The conventional method for treating the liquefied roadbed needs to be improved and enhanced. For example, geotextile reinforcement techniques suffer from insufficient durability; chemical grouting based on cement, lime or organic glue belongs to the high energy consumption and high emission industry; and the physical reinforcing methods such as roadbed soil replacement, pile foundation and dynamic compaction have low technical economy, high construction cost in a construction area and limited large-scale construction machines. Mechanical compaction and chemical grouting are two most widely applied modes of soil body reinforcement treatment at present, but the defects of high cost, high energy consumption, environmental pollution and damage promote the exploration of a novel soil body reinforcement technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems existing in the technology and provides a method for ecologically improving a soft soil roadbed by solidifying fine sand through microorganism induction. The microorganism is bacillus pasteurianus, which is a nonpathogenic bacterium, when the urea-hydrolyzed microorganism is used for inducing the precipitation of calcium carbonate, no external microorganism is needed to be introduced, which is beneficial to keeping the original soil ecological environment and can keep stronger biological activity under certain severe environment (such as acid-base, high salinity and the like). Firstly, fine sand is mixed into a soft soil roadbed, the roadbed soil body structure is improved, the soil body enough mixed with the fine sand contains a certain amount of coarse particles, so that the fine sand has enough strength and water stability, and also contains a certain amount of fine particles, so that the coarse particles can be bonded together, but the fine sand soil is easy to loosen, has poor resistance to washing by flowing water, and needs to be matched with bonding substances to enhance the stability. The calcium carbonate sediment generated in the process of microorganism-induced calcium carbonate sediment (MICP) has a certain cementation function, sand particles can be bonded together, the engineering performance of soil is improved, the technology can obviously improve the strength, rigidity and permeability of soil, and compared with the traditional soil improvement process, the technology has the characteristics of low energy consumption, low disturbance and environmental friendliness and better conforms to the sustainable development concept.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the problems in the prior art is as follows:
a microorganism-induced silty-fine sand consolidated soft soil roadbed ecological improvement method is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, fine sand is mixed into soft soil particles to improve the roadbed soil structure, and then bacteria liquid, urea, calcium source and other nutrient salts are transmitted into sandy soil, so that the sandy soil pores are filled and gelled by calcium carbonate, and calcium carbonate gel crystals rapidly precipitated in the sandy soil pores are used for improving the consolidation of the soft soil roadbed, the bearing capacity is improved, and the mechanical property of the roadbed is greatly improved, and the concrete steps are as follows:
step 1, activation and culture of microorganisms: the microorganism adopts Papanicolaou bacillus, is an aerobic gram-positive bacterium, can produce a large amount of urease in the metabolism process, the strain begins to be freeze-dried powder, and the bacterium is activated and cultured in the culture solution to obtain Papanicolaou bacillus concentrated solution;
step 2, adding fine sand: fine sand is mixed into the soft soil, the mixing proportion of the fine sand is 10-20%, the fine sand mainly provides large-particle-size aggregate for the soft soil road, and the aim of improving the soil structure of the roadbed and improving the strength of the roadbed is achieved;
step 3, doping the bacillus pasteurii concentrated solution into the nutrient solution and injecting the nutrient solution into a sandy soil subgrade: continuously injecting the bacterial liquid and the nutrient solution into the soft soil roadbed longitudinally, wherein the transverse interval is 0.4-0.7m, and then standing, wherein the main purpose of the step is to activate the biological activity of the pasteurella and the soil microorganism as soon as possible, and the nutrient solution is utilized to diffuse the pasteurella into the soft soil roadbed so as to avoid over concentration of bacteria;
step 4, injecting consolidation liquid: providing hydrolytic substances and calcium ions for microorganisms, and continuously injecting consolidation liquid into a soft soil roadbed longitudinally, wherein the transverse interval is 0.4-0.7m and is consistent with a bacterial liquid injection path;
and 5, repeating the steps 3-4, and detecting the roadbed consolidation condition after 5 times: and (4) repeating the step (3) and the step (4) when the roadbed does not reach the expected target, and performing the next construction when the roadbed is repeatedly checked to reach the expected target.
The culture solution adopted in the activation and culture in the step 1 is ATCC 1376 NH4-YE culture solution, the temperature of the culture medium is controlled at 30 ℃ during culture, the pH value is 8-9, the culture time is 17-19h, the cultured Paenibacillus pasteurianus is stored in a refrigerator at 4 ℃, and the storage time is not longer than 30 days.
And (3) standing for 1-2h after the bacterial liquid and the nutrient solution are injected in the step 3.
The nutrient solution in the step 3 mainly comprises a mixed solution of calcium chloride and urea and CaCl2The concentration is 0.60mol/L and the urea concentration is 0.65 mol/L.
And (4) after the one-time bacterial liquid is poured in the step (4), pouring the consolidation liquid for 5 times, and standing for 6-8 hours every time the consolidation liquid is poured for 1 time.
The consolidation liquid in the step 4 mainly comprises a mixed liquid of calcium chloride and urea and CaCl2The concentration is 0.60mol/L, the urea concentration is 0.65mol/L, and the prepared consolidation liquid should be used as soon as possible so as not to influence the effect due to the deterioration of the components of the consolidation liquid.
And 5, adopting the CBR value as a check standard for the expected target in the step 5, wherein the expected target is achieved when the CBR value is not less than 4%.
The invention has the following advantages:
the invention applies the interdisciplinary science and uses the biochemical technology to treat the soft soil roadbed, thereby overcoming the problems of high pollution, high energy consumption and the like of the roadbed treated by the traditional physical and chemical methods. The content of the invention not only can be used for consolidating the soft soil roadbed improvement method by using the fine sand, but also can lock harmful elements such as heavy metal and the like due to the microorganism induced calcium carbonate deposition, the improvement method can be further improved, and the consolidation improvement of the soft soil roadbed can be carried out together with solid wastes such as steel slag and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the microbial induced precipitation technique of calcium carbonate employed in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process for providing nucleation sites for calcium carbonate precipitation by microorganisms employed in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention, which shows that the calcium carbonate crystals fill gaps between sand particles to produce cementation between the sand particles;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for transferring bacteria liquid and nutrient salts such as urea and calcium source into sandy soil;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention injecting prepared consolidation fluid into a sand subgrade;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the effect of microorganism induced fine sand on the accelerated consolidation of soft soil subgrade.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments and accompanying drawings are used to further specifically describe the technical scheme of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of the microorganism-induced calcium carbonate consolidation precipitation technology adopted by the present invention, including bacillus pasteurianus using urea as energy source, producing a large amount of high-activity urease through metabolic activity, hydrolyzing urea to generate NH4 +And CO3 2-Then, the soil is perfused with calcium salt solution to provide calcium ions, and the surface of the soil is generally provided with a large amount of negative ions due to the special cell wall structure of the microorganism to carry out life activities of CO3 2-Transport to cell surface and Ca2+Binding to form calcium carbonate crystals, the reaction equation is as follows:
NH2-CO-NH2+3H2O→2NH4 ++CO3 2-
when CaCO is in the interstitial solution3In excess of its dissolving capacity, calcium carbonate precipitates in the voids.
Furthermore, the microorganisms are activated before the culture of the microorganisms, and the microorganisms adopt bacillus pasteurii, are aerobic gram-positive bacteria and can produce a large amount of urease in the metabolic process. The strain is initially freeze-dried powder, needs to be activated by bacteria, and is activated by ATCC 1376 NH4-YE culture solution.
Further, the microorganism is cultured. Inoculating the activated Paenibacillus pasteurii into ATCC 1376 NH4-YE culture solution, controlling the temperature of the culture medium at 30 ℃, the pH value of the culture medium at 8-9, controlling the culture time at 17-19h, storing the cultured Paenibacillus pasteurii in a refrigerator at 4 ℃, keeping the storage time not longer than 30 days, taking out the Paenibacillus pasteurii when in use, and carrying out engineering use.
The pasteuria bacteria play two central roles in this reaction: the method is used for providing urease for hydrolyzing urea and providing nucleation points for depositing calcium carbonate crystals.
As shown in FIG. 3, the calcium carbonate crystals of the present invention are used to fill the gaps between the soil particles, and the structure of the cement produced between the soil particles is schematically shown. Due to the special structure of the cell wall of the pasteurella, the cell surface is negatively charged, and when calcium ions with certain concentration are contained in the air gap environment, the calcium ions can be adsorbed by the cells, so that the cells are used as crystals. The calcium carbonate crystals deposit and cover the surface of the soil body particles to block the pores of the soil body and bond the soil body particles, so that the permeability of the soil body is reduced and the strength of the soil body is improved.
The generated calcium carbonate crystals play two roles in the soil body, firstly, the calcium carbonate crystals can fill gaps among the soil particles, the compaction degree of the soil body and the friction among the soil particles are increased, secondly, the calcium carbonate crystals can generate a cementing effect among the soil particles, and the calcium carbonate crystals are equivalent to a binder for binding the tiny soil particles together to form a compact block body, so that the cohesive force among the soil particles is increased, and the shear strength of the soil body is improved.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the present invention is to transfer the bacterial liquid and the urea nutrient solution into the sand, and then inject the prepared consolidation solution into the roadbed.
As shown in figure 4, the Pasteuria concentrated solution is added into the nutrient solution and then injected into a sandy soil roadbed, the bacterial solution and the nutrient solution are continuously injected into a soft soil roadbed in the longitudinal direction, the transverse interval is 0.4-0.7m, the step of standing is carried out for 1-2h after the bacterial solution and the nutrient solution are injected, the main purpose of the step is to activate the biological activity of the Pasteuria and soil microorganisms as soon as possible, and the nutrient solution is utilized to diffuse the Pasteuria into the soft soil roadbed so as to avoid over concentration of bacteria.
As shown in figure 5, the consolidation fluid is injected into the roadbed, and the components of the consolidation fluid mainly comprise calcium chloride, urea and CaCl2The concentration is 0.6mol/L, the concentration of urea is 0.65mol/L, the purpose of injecting consolidation fluid is to provide hydrolytic substances and calcium ions for microorganisms, the consolidation fluid is longitudinally and continuously injected into the soft soil roadbed, the transverse interval is 0.4-0.7m, and is consistent with the injection path of bacteria liquid, the consolidation fluid is injected for 5 times after the bacteria liquid is injected once, and the consolidation fluid is kept still for 5-8h every time the consolidation fluid is injected for 1 time, the prepared consolidation fluid is used as soon as possible, so that the effect is not influenced by the deterioration of the components of the consolidation fluid.
As shown in fig. 6, which is a schematic view of the roadbed reinforcement effect of the present invention, if the effect of the microorganism-induced calcium carbonate on the roadbed reinforcement does not achieve the expected effect, the steps 3, 4 and 5 should be repeated, and the process is sequentially circulated until the roadbed engineering effect is achieved.
The construction steps of reinforcing the soft soil roadbed by the microorganism-induced fine sand powder are sequentially carried out, and in order to enable the roadbed to meet the engineering use requirements, the step 3, the step 4 and the step 5 are repeated for multiple times, so that the relation between the optimal material ratio for reinforcing the roadbed and the time is obtained.
The protective scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is apparent that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. It is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A microorganism-induced silty-fine sand consolidation soft soil roadbed ecological improvement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, activation and culture of microorganisms: the microorganism adopts pasteurella, the strain is freeze-dried powder, and the bacteria is activated and cultured in the culture solution to obtain pasteurella concentrated solution;
step 2, adding fine sand: fine sand is mixed into the soft soil, the mixing proportion of the fine sand is 10-20%, and the fine sand provides large-particle-size aggregate for the soft soil road;
step 3, doping the bacillus pasteurii concentrated solution into the nutrient solution and injecting the nutrient solution into a sandy soil subgrade: continuously injecting the bacterial liquid and the nutrient solution into the soft soil roadbed according to the longitudinal direction, wherein the transverse interval is 0.4-0.7m, and then standing;
step 4, injecting consolidation liquid: continuously injecting consolidation liquid into the soft soil roadbed according to the longitudinal direction, wherein the transverse interval is 0.4-0.7m and is consistent with a bacterial liquid injection path;
and 5, repeating the steps 3-4, and detecting the roadbed consolidation condition after five times: and (4) repeating the step (3) and the step (4) when the roadbed does not reach the expected target, and performing the next construction when the roadbed is repeatedly checked to reach the expected target.
2. The method for ecologically improving the soft soil subgrade consolidated by the microorganism-induced fine sand powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the culture solution adopted in the activation and culture in the step 1 is ATCC 1376 NH4-YE culture solution, the temperature of the culture medium is controlled at 30 ℃ during culture, the pH value is 8-9, the culture time is 17-19h, the cultured Paenibacillus pasteurianus is stored in a refrigerator at 4 ℃, and the storage time is not longer than 30 days.
3. The method for ecologically improving the soft soil subgrade consolidated by the microorganism-induced fine sand powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) standing for 1-2h after the bacterial liquid and the nutrient solution are injected in the step 3.
4. The method for ecologically improving the soft soil subgrade consolidated by the microorganism-induced fine sand powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the nutrient solution in the step 3 mainly comprises a mixed solution of calcium chloride and urea and CaCl2The concentration is 0.60mol/L and the urea concentration is 0.65 mol/L.
5. The method for ecologically improving the soft soil subgrade consolidated by the microorganism-induced fine sand powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) after the one-time bacterial liquid is poured in the step (4), pouring the consolidation liquid for 5 times, and standing for 6-8 hours every time the consolidation liquid is poured for 1 time.
6. The method for ecologically improving the soft soil subgrade consolidated by the microorganism-induced fine sand powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the consolidation liquid in the step 4 mainly comprises a mixed liquid of calcium chloride and urea and CaCl2The concentration is 0.60mol/L and the urea concentration is 0.65 mol/L.
7. The method for ecologically improving the soft soil subgrade consolidated by the microorganism-induced fine sand powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and 5, adopting the CBR value as a check standard for the expected target in the step 5, wherein the expected target is achieved when the CBR value is not less than 4%.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112500040A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-16 | 河海大学 | Method for quickly recycling soft soil by combining microorganisms and high polymer resin |
| CN113431002A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-24 | 河海大学 | Method for solidifying farmland drainage ditch slope by utilizing microorganism induced calcium carbonate |
| CN113445490A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-28 | 南京林业大学 | Method for uniformly solidifying soft clay by microorganisms |
| CN114482087A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-05-13 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for solidifying side slope by microorganism mineralization filling-magnesia carbonization guniting |
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