CN111892442A - Preparation method and application of highland barley planting soil testing formula fertilizer - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of highland barley planting soil testing formula fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN111892442A CN111892442A CN202010823029.5A CN202010823029A CN111892442A CN 111892442 A CN111892442 A CN 111892442A CN 202010823029 A CN202010823029 A CN 202010823029A CN 111892442 A CN111892442 A CN 111892442A
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- fertilizer
- highland barley
- soil testing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/37—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with a polymer
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a highland barley planting soil testing formula fertilizer, which is characterized by comprising fertilizer granules and a film coating coated on the fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer granules are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 58-71.5% of organic matter component, 22-32% of inorganic fertilizer component, 3-4% of agricultural traditional Chinese medicine component and 3.5-6% of other reagent component; the invention also discloses a preparation method of the highland barley planting soil testing formula fertilizer and application of the highland barley planting soil testing formula fertilizer in highland barley planting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a preparation method and application of a soil testing formula fertilizer for highland barley planting.
Background
Highland barley, a cereal crop of the genus barley of the family Gramineae, is also called naked barley, highland barley and barley rice because of separation of glume shells inside and outside and naked grains, and the types of highland barley are white highland barley, black highland barley and dark green highland barley; the highland barley has a long cultivation history on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, is 3500 years to date, and is mainly distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet alpine regions with the elevation of 4200-4500 meters, such as Ganzui, Akizhou, Yunan, Diqing of Yunnan and Gansu of Gansu in Tibet, Qinghai and Sichuan of China.
At present, the fertilizer used in the highland barley planting process has the following problems: firstly, most of the fertilizers used by the highland barley for a long time are inorganic fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and further neglects the important function of reasonably supplementing trace element fertilizers, the highland barley has the same importance to the plant but not the same importance to the plant, and the highland barley can not be replaced by each other, the deficiency of the trace elements causes incomplete nutrient elements of the fertilizers in production and application, the proportion of the fertilizer elements is unbalanced, the functions of the fertilizers are single, the output benefit of the fertilizer input is poor, the yield of the highland barley is reduced, and simultaneously, the beneficial microorganisms in soil are continuously killed and the looseness and oxygen absorption capability of the soil are poor due to the use of the single inorganic fertilizers without control, and the hardening phenomenon is generated; secondly, since inorganic fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are generally prepared by mixing a plurality of chemical products, a large amount of energy is consumed in the mechanical processing of synthesizing the chemical products, the environment is polluted, and how to replace a part of materials in the existing inorganic fertilizers by using organic matters is of particular importance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of a soil testing formula fertilizer for highland barley planting soil, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the soil testing formula fertilizer for highland barley planting soil comprises fertilizer granules and a film coating coated on the fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer granules are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: organic matter components (16-17% of highland barley straws, 12-13% of medical stone powder, 5-8% of red soil, 10-14% of safflower raw skins, 9.5-11% of calcium stone powder, 5-7.5% of bentonite and 1.5-2% of borax) 58-71.5%, inorganic fertilizer components (6-8% of potassium chloride powder, 6-8% of ammonium phosphate powder and 10-16% of urea) 22-32%, agricultural traditional Chinese medicine components (0.3-0.45% of lavipeditum, 0.6-0.85% of garlic juice, 0.7-0.95% of tobacco stalks, 0.6-0.8% of onion juice and 0.8-0.95% of liquorice) 3-4%, and other reagent components (3-5% of biological enzyme activator and 0.5-1% of PASP plant nutrient promoter) 3.5-6%.
Further, the film coat is prepared from the following components: 11-14 parts of polyacrylamide, 13-16 parts of sodium polyacrylate and 1-2 parts of starch grafted sodium acrylate.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a soil testing formula fertilizer for highland barley planting soil, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adding inorganic fertilizer components into a glass container, heating and stirring to prepare a composition, and then placing the composition into the container to cool;
s2, drying the composition, the organic matter component, the agricultural traditional Chinese medicine component and other reagent components in the S2, putting the dried components into a pulverizer, pulverizing, screening and stirring to obtain powder raw materials;
s3, adding the powder raw material prepared in the step S3 into a granulator, and heating to obtain fertilizer granules;
s4: placing the coating liquid in a high-pressure spray gun, uniformly spraying a small amount of the coating liquid on rotating fertilizer particles by the high-pressure spray gun, and forming a coating layer on the surfaces of the fertilizer particles by the coating liquid;
and S5, drying the coated fertilizer granules obtained in the step S5, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the soil testing formula fertilizer.
Further, the temperature in the S1 is 47-58 ℃, and the stirring time is 18-30 min.
Further, the screening in the S2 is to pass through a 80-mesh sieve, and the powder raw material is cooled to 12-14 ℃.
Further, the rotation speed of the granulator in the S3 is 46-48r/min, and the temperature is 70-78 ℃.
Further, the coated fertilizer particles in S5 are dried by hot air for 4-5min at 48-58 ℃.
The invention discloses an application of a soil testing formula fertilizer for highland barley planting soil, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, measuring nutrients of pre-applied soil;
step 2, adopting a random block design for the test field, wherein the planting area of a plot is 2.4 m multiplied by 1.3 m, and the ridge width is 28 cm;
step 3, mixing the soil testing formula fertilizer and seeds which respectively comprise 58% of organic matters, 32% of inorganic fertilizer, 4% of agricultural traditional Chinese medicines and 6% of other reagents according to the proportion of 1: 1, performing stirring matching, drilling, wherein the row spacing is 24cm, applying the fertilizer as a base fertilizer before seeding, and not applying the fertilizer before harvesting;
step 4, mixing the soil testing formula fertilizer and seeds, wherein the soil testing formula fertilizer comprises 64.8% of organic matters, 25.2% of inorganic fertilizers, 4% of agricultural traditional Chinese medicines and 6% of other reagents according to the proportion of 1: 1, performing stirring matching, drilling, wherein the row spacing is 24cm, applying the fertilizer as a base fertilizer before seeding, and not applying the fertilizer before harvesting;
step 5, mixing the soil testing formula fertilizer and seeds which respectively comprise 71.5% of organic matters, 22% of inorganic fertilizer, 4% of agricultural traditional Chinese medicines and 6% of other reagents according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, and drilling, wherein the row spacing is 24cm, the fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer before seeding, and the fertilizer is not applied before harvesting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
by applying the soil testing formula fertilizer, comprehensive fertilizer nutrient elements and balanced fertilizer element proportion can be realized, further balanced fertilizer supply and fertilizer and pesticide are integrated, soil hardening and environmental pollution are improved, soil fertility is restored, and highland barley yield is increased.
In the invention, the straws left by the highland barley in the last year are used as organic fertilizers, and the residual seeds and straws on the straws are rich in amino acids and various trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, zinc, selenium, copper, manganese, iodine and the like, so that the local material taking mode is practical, environment-friendly and cost-saving.
The process water (separated juice) generated in the starch processing process is effectively utilized, and the process water contains rich organic nutrients such as protein, starch, fiber, polysaccharide and the like, so that the process water generated in the starch processing process is used as an organic fertilizer, the pollution problem caused by direct discharge is avoided, meanwhile, the nutrient substances of the fertilizer are effectively improved, and a new idea is provided for industrial 'regurgitation' agriculture in alpine regions.
The process water is used as an organic fertilizer, so that the pollution problem caused by direct discharge is avoided, meanwhile, the nutrient substances of the fertilizer are effectively improved, and a new idea is provided for industrial 'feedback' agriculture in alpine regions.
In the invention, organic fertilizer is stored in naturally occurring ores (medical stones, palygorskite, borax and the like) or residues of other vegetations and plant secretions (red peanut skin and the like) or soil microorganisms, soil animals and secretions thereof, so that the method is green and environment-friendly, and the sustainable development of green agriculture is ensured.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
Example 1
A preparation method of a soil testing formula fertilizer for highland barley planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing the following raw materials:
organic matter components (16-17% of highland barley straws, 12-13% of medical stone powder, 5-8% of red soil, 10-14% of safflower raw skins, 9.5-11% of calcium stone powder, 5-7.5% of bentonite and 1.5-2% of borax) 58-71.5%, inorganic fertilizer components (6-8% of potassium chloride powder, 6-8% of ammonium phosphate powder and 10-16% of urea) 22-32%, agricultural traditional Chinese medicine components (0.3-0.45% of lavipeditum, 0.6-0.85% of garlic juice, 0.7-0.95% of tobacco stalks, 0.6-0.8% of onion juice and 0.8-0.95% of liquorice) 3-4%, and other reagent components (3-5% of biological enzyme activator and 0.5-1% of PASP plant nutrient promoter) 3.5-6%;
s2, adding inorganic fertilizer components into a glass container, heating to 47-58 ℃, stirring for 18-30min to prepare a composition, and then placing the composition into the container to cool;
s3, drying the composition cooled to 12-14 ℃ in S2, the organic matter component, the agricultural traditional Chinese medicine component and other reagent components, putting the dried composition into a crusher for crushing, filtering the crushed composition by a 80-mesh screen, and uniformly stirring the mixture until the mixture is completely fused until a powder raw material is prepared;
s4, adding the powder raw material prepared in the step S3 into a granulator with the rotating speed of 46-48r/min, heating to 70-78 ℃, and performing drum granulation to obtain fertilizer granules;
s5: placing the coating liquid in a high-pressure spray gun, uniformly spraying a small amount of the coating liquid on rotating fertilizer particles by the high-pressure spray gun, and forming a coating layer on the surfaces of the fertilizer particles by the coating liquid;
s6, drying the coated fertilizer particles obtained in the step S5 for 4-5min by hot air at 48-58 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the soil testing formula fertilizer.
Example 2
The application of the soil testing formula fertilizer for highland barley planting soil comprises the following steps:
s1, testing the nutrients of the soil to be applied, wherein the testing indexes are as follows:
s2, designing the test field by random block groups, wherein the planting area of a plot is 2.4 m multiplied by 1.3 m, and the ridge width is 28 cm;
s3, mixing the prepared soil testing formula fertilizer (the components are respectively 58% of organic matter, 32% of inorganic fertilizer, 4% of agricultural traditional Chinese medicine and 6% of other reagents) with seeds according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, and drilling, wherein the row spacing is 24cm, the fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer before seeding, and the fertilizer is not applied before harvesting. The results show that the soil structure is not obviously changed, the seedlings of the highland barley are normal, the seedling burning phenomenon does not occur, the growth vigor of the highland barley after the highland barley seedlings are planted is stronger than that of the highland barley planted by using a common fertilizer, the growth and development of the highland barley are obviously promoted by using the soil testing formula fertilizer, and the yield is 10% higher than that of the common fertilizer;
s4, mixing the prepared soil testing formula fertilizer (the components are respectively 64.8% of organic matter, 25.2% of inorganic fertilizer, 4% of agricultural traditional Chinese medicine and 6% of other reagents) with seeds according to the proportion of 1: 1, and drilling, wherein the row spacing is 24cm, the fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer before seeding, and the fertilizer is not applied before harvesting. The results show that the soil structure is not obviously changed, the seedlings of the highland barley are normal, no seedling burning phenomenon occurs, the growth vigor of the highland barley seedlings after the highland barley is planted is stronger than that of the highland barley seedlings after the highland barley is planted by applying a common fertilizer, the growth and development of the highland barley are obviously promoted by applying the soil testing formula fertilizer, and the yield is 12% higher than that of the common fertilizer;
s5, mixing the prepared soil testing formula fertilizer (the components are respectively 71.5% of organic matter, 22% of inorganic fertilizer, 4% of agricultural traditional Chinese medicine and 6% of other reagents) with seeds according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, and drilling, wherein the row spacing is 24cm, the fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer before seeding, and the fertilizer is not applied before harvesting. The results show that the soil structure is not obviously changed, the seedlings of the highland barley are normal, the seedling burning phenomenon does not occur, the growth vigor of the highland barley seedlings after the highland barley is planted is stronger than that of the highland barley seedlings after the highland barley is planted by applying the common fertilizer, the growth and development of the highland barley are obviously promoted by applying the soil testing formula fertilizer, and the yield is 14% higher than that of the common fertilizer.
In conclusion, the soil testing formula fertilizer can effectively achieve comprehensive fertilizer nutrient elements and balanced fertilizer element proportion, further achieve balance fertilizer supply and fertilizer and pesticide integration, improve soil hardening and environmental pollution, recover soil fertility and improve highland barley yield.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The soil testing formula fertilizer for highland barley planting soil is characterized by comprising fertilizer granules and a film coating coated on the fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer granules are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 58-71.5% of organic matter component, 22-32% of inorganic fertilizer component, 3-4% of agricultural traditional Chinese medicine component and 3.5-6% of other reagent component.
2. The highland barley planting soil testing formula fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the organic matter component consists of 16-17% of highland barley straws, 12-13% of medical stone powder, 5-8% of red soil, 10-14% of safflower raw skin, 9.5-11% of calcium stone powder, 5-7.5% of bentonite and 1.5-2% of borax, the inorganic fertilizer component consists of 6-8% of potassium chloride powder, 6-8% of ammonium phosphate powder and 10-16% of urea, the agricultural traditional Chinese medicine component consists of 0.3-0.45% of lavendula, 0.6-0.85% of garlic juice, 0.7-0.95% of tobacco stems, 0.6-0.8% of onion juice and 0.8-0.95% of liquorice, and the other reagent components consist of 3-5% of a biological enzyme activator and 0.5-1% of a PASP plant nutrient promoter.
3. The highland barley planting soil testing formula fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the film coat is prepared from the following components: 11-14 parts of polyacrylamide, 13-16 parts of sodium polyacrylate and 1-2 parts of starch grafted sodium acrylate.
4. A preparation method of a soil testing formula fertilizer for highland barley planting soil is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, adding inorganic fertilizer components into a glass container, heating and stirring to prepare a composition, and then placing the composition into the container to cool;
s2, drying the composition, the organic matter component, the agricultural traditional Chinese medicine component and other reagent components in the S2, putting the dried components into a pulverizer, pulverizing, screening and stirring to obtain powder raw materials;
s3, adding the powder raw material prepared in the step S3 into a granulator, and heating to obtain fertilizer granules;
s4: placing the coating liquid in a high-pressure spray gun, uniformly spraying a small amount of the coating liquid on rotating fertilizer particles by the high-pressure spray gun, and forming a coating layer on the surfaces of the fertilizer particles by the coating liquid;
and S5, drying the coated fertilizer granules obtained in the step S5, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the soil testing formula fertilizer.
5. The preparation method of the highland barley planting soil testing formula fertilizer according to claim 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the temperature in the S1 is 47-58 ℃, and the stirring time is 18-30 min.
6. The preparation method of the highland barley planting soil testing formula fertilizer according to claim 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and the screening in the S2 is to pass through a 80-mesh sieve, and the powder raw material is cooled to 12-14 ℃.
7. The preparation method of the highland barley planting soil testing formula fertilizer according to claim 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the rotation speed of the granulator in the S3 is 46-48r/min, and the temperature is 70-78 ℃.
8. The preparation method of the highland barley planting soil testing formula fertilizer according to claim 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and drying the coated fertilizer particles in S5 for 4-5min by hot air at 48-58 ℃.
9. The application of the soil testing formula fertilizer for highland barley planting soil is characterized in that:
step 1, measuring nutrients of pre-applied soil;
step 2, adopting a random block design for the test field, wherein the planting area of a plot is 2.4 m multiplied by 1.3 m, and the ridge width is 28 cm;
step 3, mixing the soil testing formula fertilizer and seeds which respectively comprise 58% of organic matters, 32% of inorganic fertilizer, 4% of agricultural traditional Chinese medicines and 6% of other reagents according to the proportion of 1: 1, performing stirring matching, drilling, wherein the row spacing is 24cm, applying the fertilizer as a base fertilizer before seeding, and not applying the fertilizer before harvesting;
step 4, mixing the soil testing formula fertilizer and seeds, wherein the soil testing formula fertilizer comprises 64.8% of organic matters, 25.2% of inorganic fertilizers, 4% of agricultural traditional Chinese medicines and 6% of other reagents according to the proportion of 1: 1, performing stirring matching, drilling, wherein the row spacing is 24cm, applying the fertilizer as a base fertilizer before seeding, and not applying the fertilizer before harvesting;
step 5, mixing the soil testing formula fertilizer and seeds which respectively comprise 71.5% of organic matters, 22% of inorganic fertilizer, 4% of agricultural traditional Chinese medicines and 6% of other reagents according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, and drilling, wherein the row spacing is 24cm, the fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer before seeding, and the fertilizer is not applied before harvesting.
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| CN202010823029.5A CN111892442A (en) | 2020-08-17 | 2020-08-17 | Preparation method and application of highland barley planting soil testing formula fertilizer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114557245A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-05-31 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所 | Simplified cultivation method of Tibet highland barley |
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| CN102584417A (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2012-07-18 | 曹聿哲 | Medical stone dual-effect multi-element silica, calcium and potassium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105061041A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-18 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Novel bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107285946A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-10-24 | 成都璐城科技有限公司 | A kind of highland barley special-purpose control-release fertilizer and its preparation method and application |
| CN108377705A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-08-10 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | The returning to the field method of administration of organic rich water after potato starch processing separation juice extraction protein |
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2020
- 2020-08-17 CN CN202010823029.5A patent/CN111892442A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102584417A (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2012-07-18 | 曹聿哲 | Medical stone dual-effect multi-element silica, calcium and potassium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105061041A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-18 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Novel bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107285946A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-10-24 | 成都璐城科技有限公司 | A kind of highland barley special-purpose control-release fertilizer and its preparation method and application |
| CN108377705A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-08-10 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | The returning to the field method of administration of organic rich water after potato starch processing separation juice extraction protein |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114557245A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-05-31 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所 | Simplified cultivation method of Tibet highland barley |
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