CN111889962A - Assembling construction method for large-area multi-curve complex artistic facing - Google Patents
Assembling construction method for large-area multi-curve complex artistic facing Download PDFInfo
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- CN111889962A CN111889962A CN202010589410.XA CN202010589410A CN111889962A CN 111889962 A CN111889962 A CN 111889962A CN 202010589410 A CN202010589410 A CN 202010589410A CN 111889962 A CN111889962 A CN 111889962A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
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Abstract
The invention relates to an assembly construction method of a large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer, which is a ribbon-shaped veneer and structurally comprises a basic framework, unit components and a wood veneer surface layer. The method of the invention divides the integral ribbon-shaped ornament, processes the separated ribbon-shaped ornament into unit components through an external factory, transports the unit components to the site for splicing, processes the wooden decorative surface, and divides the steps into a plurality of links to complete the design, division, processing and construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of architectural decoration, in particular to an assembly construction method of a ribbon-shaped decorative surface in a large performance center.
Background
In the present building construction field, by combining the BIM model with the digital construction system, many components in the building can be processed in different places, directly transported to the building construction site, and assembled into the building (such as GRG, arc ceiling aluminum plate, etc.). The prefabricated building components can be automatically completed through digital construction, and the components manufactured by the precision mechanical technology of a factory not only reduce construction errors, but also greatly improve the productivity of component manufacturing, so that the construction period of the whole building construction is shortened and the construction is easy to control.
For buildings with complicated special-shaped decorative surfaces, in particular to structures with artistic shapes such as ribbons, the prior art is that the structures are directly integrated by a base layer and a decorative surface through digital auxiliary design and technologies such as numerical control processing and the like, and then the structures are directly assembled on site. However, for the wood-faced streamer inside a large-scale venue, the requirements are high and strict, the requirements on the appearance precision are high, the requirements on acoustic requirements and smooth and seamless appearance are guaranteed, the situation that the streamer cannot be realized through direct assembly type assembly of one material is caused, and the streamer can be realized only through precise calculation and scientific piece-dividing construction.
At present, the mainstream special-shaped wood veneer in the industry is divided into parts according to the processing capacity of a factory and the specification of a plate, and a process seam is required to be left between wood veneer plates after the installation is finished. Aiming at the construction of the ribbon-shaped wood veneer on the inner wall surface of a theater, the requirements of rigidity and flexibility are met according to the shape, the internal and external corners are clear, and no parting is formed. Meanwhile, a series of problems such as acoustics, material resonance, fire prevention, temperature change influence, structural strength and the like need to be considered in a theater.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a new method for dividing, processing and installing a ribbon-shaped decorative surface in a large performance center. The method for splitting, processing and installing the ribbon-shaped decorative surface provided by the invention has the advantages of reasonable splitting, high installation precision, convenience in processing and low construction difficulty.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme provided by the invention patent is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, dividing a three-dimensional model of a ribbon-shaped model, dividing the model according to the processing, transportation and economy of a factory, enabling the length of each unit component after dividing to be not more than 2.5 meters and the height of each unit component to be not more than 2 meters, keeping the continuity of the ribbon shape during dividing, manufacturing a coordinate control table and a processing size control table of each unit component, wherein each unit component after being numbered is provided with an independent processing model and a processing view;
secondly, processing the divided unit components in an external processing factory, manufacturing each unit component in a processing model and a processing view, wherein the unit components to be processed structurally comprise a basic layer framework, a steel framework is longitudinally used as a main body of the basic layer framework, flat steel bent by a numerical control machine tool is transversely used, the unit framework is manufactured by two steel frameworks, a plurality of flat steels and a plurality of support rods, and a steel plate mask is covered on the surface of the flat steel of the unit framework;
thirdly, synchronously processing two longitudinal steel frames between the adjacent unit components by A, B sleeves to keep the structural configurations of the two units identical, simultaneously punching holes on a numerical control machine tool to form corresponding connecting holes after the adjacent steel frames are aligned, screwing the knocking bolts through the connecting holes in the installation process, correcting the outer contour line of the surface while realizing the reinforcement connection, ensuring that the arc of the outer contour line is smooth and continuous, pre-assembling in a factory, and calibrating and correcting each unit component;
fourthly, disassembling the corrected and shaped unit components, respectively transporting the unit components to a construction site, and placing the unit components in a classified manner so as to be convenient for actual assembly;
fifthly, manufacturing a field basic framework, wherein the height control of the basic framework is realized according to coordinates in a coordinate control table, the basic framework comprises a support frame fixed on a wall and a horizontal shelf positioned at the free end part of the support frame, inclined struts are arranged between the support frame and the wall and between the horizontal shelf and the wall, a plurality of groups of horizontal shelves are arranged according to the height of the positions, and the outline shape of the basic framework is a ribbon-shaped trend;
sixthly, hoisting and positioning, namely determining a height marking point on the basic framework, wherein the height marking point is used as an installation supporting point (Z), a horizontal coordinate point (Y) is required to be determined on the supporting point of each unit component, a final transverse coordinate point (X) is determined through the in-and-out adjustment of a supporting frame on the basic framework, after the positioning is completed, rechecking the control elevation by using a total station, sequentially assembling adjacent unit components after the rechecking is qualified, and rechecking once again after four unit components are installed to ensure the installation precision;
and seventhly, sequentially assembling each unit component, finishing the assembly, reproducing the integral modeling of the three-dimensional model, carrying out counterweight and veneer installation, firstly pasting gypsum laths on the back surfaces of the steel plate surfaces of the unit components for counterweight, balancing 35 kilograms of gypsum boards per square meter to meet the acoustic requirements during counterweight, then fixing high-density laths on the surfaces of the steel plate surfaces, finally pasting wood skins on the high-density laths, and detecting the processing and installation operation of the accurately finished ribbon-shaped wood veneer.
In the assembly construction method of the large-area multi-curve complex artistic veneer, the operation mode of dividing the three-dimensional model with the ribbon shape in the first step is as follows: firstly, carrying out space surveying and mapping on the interior of a large-scale venue finished by civil engineering construction, carrying out field scanning surveying and mapping by using a three-dimensional scanner, and generating a point cloud model from surveying and mapping points; integrating the generated point cloud model with a BIM model in the large venue to form a three-dimensional model of a lightweight solid grid surface; and finally, carrying out unit block division on the integral base layer surface of the complex special-shaped decorative surface on the three-dimensional model. And outputting four-point location information of the unit components, numbering each output unit block, extracting curved surface edge lines of the unit blocks and deriving a three-dimensional wire frame model.
In the assembling construction method of large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer, the unit component to be processed structurally comprises a base layer framework, a steel framework is longitudinally used as the main body of the base layer framework, two sides of the steel framework are parallel supporting legs, the middle part of the steel framework is provided with a bending section which is in accordance with the angle of a curved surface, two ends of the bending section are respectively fixed on the upper parts of the supporting legs, flat steel which is bent by a numerical control bending machine is transversely used, two ends of the flat steel are respectively fixed on the bending sections, supporting rods are arranged on the supporting legs of the two opposite steel frameworks, the unit framework is made of the two steel frameworks, the plurality of flat steels and the plurality of supporting rods, and the surface of the flat steel of the unit framework is covered with a steel plate covering.
In the assembly construction method of the large-area multi-curve complex artistic veneer, the working platform comprises an operation table top and supporting legs, the four supporting legs are respectively arranged at the bottom of the square operation table top, criss-cross square grids are arranged on the operation table top of the working platform, scales are marked on the grids to serve as control coordinates, the steel frames are machined and welded on the working platform according to a machining view and a size control table, and two adjacent AB steel frames are machined and welded simultaneously.
In the assembling construction method of the large-area multi-curve complex artistic veneer, the processing and checking platform structurally comprises a construction platform, the construction platform is laid on the ground in a factory building, one side of the construction platform is provided with a vertical fixed backing plate, one side of the construction platform, which is opposite to the backing plate, is provided with a pre-assembled support at a movable position, grids are respectively arranged on the construction platform and the backing plate, scales are arranged on the grids, longitudinally adjacent unit components are simultaneously manufactured on the construction platform of the processing and checking platform, four corresponding steel frames of the unit components are vertically fixed on the construction platform during manufacturing, one steel frame is used as a reference, a temporary fixed support is welded on the edge of the steel frame used as the reference to keep the vertical state, and the opposite steel frame and the adjacent steel frame are respectively fixed in place, two stability reinforcements are connected between a group of opposite steel frames, processed flat steel is fixed between the reference steel frame and the opposite steel frames, and the edge of the pre-assembled support close to the outermost side of the unit component combination is used as the outermost side support.
In the assembling construction method of the large-area multi-curve complex artistic veneer, when each unit component is installed on the steel frame, five coordinate points on the flat steel need to be controlled to be installed in place.
In the assembly construction method of the large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer, when the prefabricated veneer is assembled in an external processing factory, processed unit components are firstly placed according to numbers, four to five adjacent unit components are selected to be hoisted for the prefabricated veneer, a support frame is erected in a field during the prefabricated veneer to simulate a field installation scene, problems are found out and deviation is marked, and correction is carried out after the support frame is disassembled.
In the assembly construction method of the large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer, a basic framework is manufactured on an indoor construction site, the height control of the basic framework is realized according to coordinates in a coordinate control table, the basic framework comprises a support frame fixed on a wall, vertical supports connected to the support frame and horizontal shelves positioned at the free end parts of the support frame, inclined supports are further arranged between the support frame and the wall and between the horizontal shelves and the wall, the positions of the vertical supports are longitudinal parting line positions, the horizontal shelves are provided with a plurality of groups according to the height of the positions, and the outline shape of the basic framework is in a ribbon-shaped trend.
In the assembly construction method of the large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer, a height marking point is determined on a basic framework for hoisting and positioning, the height marking point serves as an installation supporting point (Z), a horizontal coordinate point (Y) is determined on the supporting point for each unit component, a final horizontal coordinate point (X) is determined through the in-and-out adjustment of a supporting frame on the basic framework, after the positioning is completed, a total station is used for rechecking a control elevation, adjacent unit components are assembled in sequence after the rechecking is qualified, the vertical assembly and the horizontal assembly are performed when the adjacent unit components are assembled, and the rechecking is performed once after four unit components are installed to ensure the installation precision.
The invention relates to an assembly construction method of a large-area multi-curve complex artistic veneer, which comprises the steps of sequentially assembling each unit component, finishing the assembly, reproducing the integral modeling of a three-dimensional model, carrying out balance weight and veneer installation, firstly pasting gypsum laths on the back surfaces of steel plate covers on the unit components for balance weight, balancing 35 kilograms of gypsum boards per square meter for meeting the acoustic requirements when the balance weight is carried out, then fixing high-density laths on the surfaces of the steel plate covers, carrying out length cutting on the high-density laths according to the modeling, carrying out butt joint in the length direction, polishing and chamfering operation on protruding parts, ensuring that the line type corresponds to the line type of the steel plate covers, finally pasting wood skins on the high-density laths, ensuring that the connecting parts are in seamless butt joint when the wood skins are pasted, and detecting the processing and installation operation of the accurately finished.
Based on the technical scheme, the external processing part separating, processing and mounting method for the ribbon-shaped wood veneer decoration project obtains the following technical effects through practical application:
1. the invention aims at the design, production and installation engineering of ribbon-shaped ornaments in large-scale performance centers, and the large-scale ribbon-shaped ornaments have larger sizes, are integrally distributed in a C shape, have installation heights of dozens of meters and lengths of dozens of meters, have heights of two to three meters, require the surfaces of the ornaments to have solid wood texture, are elegant and natural, meet acoustic requirements, cannot generate phenomena such as echo and the like which influence the acoustic effect of an art venue, and have no decoration form, size height and structural form before, thereby causing great difficulty for design and construction. The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a ribbon-shaped ornament, which aims at the situation, utilizes a digital technology to divide the integral ribbon-shaped ornament into pieces, then the pieces are processed into unit components through an external factory, then the unit components are transported to the site for splicing, and finally the wooden decorative surface is processed.
2. The invention discloses a method for designing a large-scale ribbon-shaped ornament, which is implemented by adopting a BIM mode, and then the internal dimension of a building after actual completion is measured on site to carry out reverse modeling, so that the overall characteristic of an actual ribbon is simulated, and piece splitting is carried out by utilizing software, the position of a longitudinal parallel mode is adopted during piece splitting, and the position of an internal corner line or an external corner line of the ribbon design is transversely selected, so that continuity and continuity are kept after piece splitting, the smoothness of transition is ensured, and the processing capacity and the transportation capacity of a factory are considered by the size of each unit component during piece splitting, so that hoisting, transportation and assembly are facilitated. When the parts are separated, the curved surfaces and the curved lines are processed to be straight as far as possible on the premise of not influencing the overall effect, and the difficulty and the cost of actual processing are reduced.
3. The invention discloses a method for processing unit components, which aims to ensure the precision and the processing convenience, and specially designs auxiliary tools, wherein the auxiliary tools comprise a working platform for processing a steel frame and a processing and checking platform for fixing the steel frame, flat steel and a steel covering surface, the method for processing the AB surface is adopted to practically ensure the corresponding degree of adjacent steel frames, simultaneously, mounting holes are processed to ensure accurate alignment during assembling, in addition, a numerical control bending machine is adopted for processing the flat steel to ensure the bending size to be in place, and the other function of the processing and checking platform is to assemble the adjacent unit components together for multiple integral assembling.
4. According to the invention, when the unit components are processed in an external processing factory, the matching consistency of adjacent unit components is ensured by adopting an AB surface processing mode, the verification and adjustment are carried out by adopting a pre-assembly mode of a plurality of unit components, and whether the unit components meet the drawing requirements and practical installation requirements is checked by simulating the actual installation environment, so that the manufacturing and installation precision is further ensured.
5. The unit component of the patent application of the invention is transported to a construction site, a special base layer framework is fixed at the installation position of the ribbon-shaped ornament in the construction site, the base layer framework is used as an installation support of the unit component and aims to ensure the accuracy of the installation position, the structure of the base layer component adopts the form of a front horizontal shelf, the rear end of the base layer component is connected to the wall of a building, a plurality of inclined struts are utilized to ensure that the base layer component can bear the weight of the whole ribbon, the design form of a plurality of horizontal shelves at the front end is the unit component which can be placed in place and can be adjusted in the transverse position, the problems of installation and adjustment are innovatively solved, and the installation convenience and the installation accuracy are further improved.
6. When the unit component is installed, a height marking point is determined on a basic framework and serves as an installation supporting point (Z), a horizontal coordinate point (Y) needs to be determined on the supporting point of each unit component, a final transverse coordinate point (X) is determined through in-out adjustment of a supporting frame on the basic framework, after positioning is completed, a total station is used for rechecking a control elevation, adjacent unit components are assembled in sequence after rechecking is qualified, and rechecking is carried out once after four unit components are installed so as to ensure installation accuracy.
7. After the unit components are assembled, firstly plaster laths are pasted on the back of the steel plate covering surface of the unit components for balancing weight, 35 kilograms of plaster plates are balanced per square meter to meet the acoustic requirement when the weight is balanced, then high-density laths are fixed on the surface of the steel plate covering surface, and finally, wood veneers are pasted on the high-density laths. The gypsum lath is convenient to mount in a form of being assembled behind and cannot cause the risk of surface paint skin and cracking, the gypsum lath is adopted as a counter weight to meet the acoustic requirement, and the dense small holes are distributed on the surface of the steel plate covering, so that the high-density lath is easier to be connected through environment-friendly glue, the connection strength is improved, and the subsequent cracking and opening are avoided. Through the surface treatment in a multilayer form, the large ribbon-shaped ornament can meet the acoustic requirements of an art venue, and the surface of the large ribbon-shaped ornament has a smooth, elegant and flexible dynamic shape, so that the wooden surface of the large ribbon-shaped ornament has more texture, and the double effects of technical benefits and social benefits are achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an operational flow diagram of an external processing component, processing and installation method for a banderol wood veneer decoration project of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a ribbon-shaped decorative surface in the assembly construction method of a large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the ribbon-like decorative surface in the assembled construction method of the large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a working platform in the assembling construction method of the large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing and checking platform in the assembling construction method of the large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the assembly of adjacent unit components by using a processing and checking platform in the assembly construction method of the large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer.
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a unit component in the assembling construction method of the large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer of the invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a surface layer in the assembling construction method of the large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the assembling construction method of multi-curved complex artistic veneer in large-scale performance center is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples to clearly understand the structure composition and working manner, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a construction method for designing large-scale special-shaped ribbon-shaped decorations in large-scale buildings such as art venues and the like, and solves the problem that the installation and correction of actual decorations are finished from the beginning of a design model, so that an effect entity of art design is presented. Compared with other special-shaped multi-curved-surface ribbon-shaped ornaments in the prior art, the large-sized C-shaped large-area multi-curved-surface ribbon-shaped ornament has the advantages of complexity, huge size, high installation position, multiple control points, obvious shape change, higher construction difficulty, direct application without the existing construction process, and reconstruction from design, manufacture to specific construction. The invention adopts a digital auxiliary construction method to combine the internal structure requirements of a large-scale venue, aims at the appearance and performance requirements of a complex special-shaped decorative surface, particularly a large-scale wood veneer streamer, adopts a form of firstly scanning on site and modeling reversely, then combines the structure composition requirements, designs a proper base layer curved surface by using a computer, divides unit blocks, carries out factory processing and site installation on the unit blocks, and finally manufactures the whole artistic surface layer, ensures the solid wood texture of the artistic surface layer, realizes the warm and full artistic quality in the venue, shows the agility and elegant style of the streamer modeling, and has visual impression and impact force, thereby ensuring the structural performance and the acoustic artistic requirements of the wood veneer streamer.
The invention relates to an assembly construction method of a large-area multi-curve complex artistic veneer, which is a process of displaying ribbon-shaped decorations designed by designers from a model drawing to entity decoration. The ribbon-shaped facing installed in the large-scale performance center is a semi-enclosed structure which is C-shaped as a whole, the structure of the ribbon-shaped facing is composed of a basic framework, unit components and a wood facing surface layer, the basic framework is installed on the inner wall of the large-scale performance center, the unit components are installed on the basic framework and spliced into a ribbon shape, the wood facing surface layer is arranged on the unit components after splicing, and the method comprises a splitting link, an external processing link and an installation link, which are shown in figure 1.
The invention comprises the following steps in the part dividing link:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, dividing a three-dimensional model of the ribbon shape, dividing the three-dimensional model according to factory processing, transportation capacity and economy, keeping the continuity of the ribbon shape when dividing each unit component, wherein the length of each unit component is not more than 2.5 m and the height of each unit component is not more than 2 m, and the operation mode of dividing the three-dimensional model of the ribbon shape is as follows: firstly, carrying out space surveying and mapping on the interior of a large-scale venue finished by civil engineering construction, carrying out field scanning surveying and mapping by using a three-dimensional scanner, and generating a point cloud model from surveying and mapping points; integrating the generated point cloud model with a BIM model in the large venue to form a three-dimensional model of a lightweight solid grid surface; and finally, carrying out unit block division on the integral base layer surface of the complex special-shaped decorative surface on the three-dimensional model.
And secondly, cutting longitudinally and transversely along a coordinate axis during splitting to ensure that the longitudinal split lines are perpendicular to a horizontal plane and are parallel to each other, wherein adjacent longitudinal split lines are the lengths of the unit components, transverse boundary lines are selected on internal corner lines or external corner lines of the ribbon shape, a coordinate system is kept unchanged during splitting to ensure the manufacturing and installation precision of each unit component after splitting, a parameterized software system Grasshopper is utilized to split the three-dimensional model of the ribbon into a plurality of unit components, each unit component is converted into an individual processing model, corresponding processing views are generated, four-point location information is output to the unit components, each output unit block is numbered, and simultaneously, curved surface edge lines of the unit blocks are extracted and a three-dimensional wire frame model is derived.
And thirdly, properly correcting the longitudinal dividing line of the unit component, and correcting the arc part approximate to the straight line into the straight line so as to control the machining precision. The design of the large-scale ribbon-shaped ornaments is completed in a BIM mode, the internal dimension of a building after actual completion is measured on site, reverse modeling is carried out, the overall characteristics of an actual ribbon are simulated, software is utilized for splitting, longitudinal parallel mode positions are adopted during splitting, the positions of internal corner lines or external corner lines of the ribbon design are transversely selected, continuity and continuity are guaranteed after splitting, the smoothness of transition is guaranteed, and the size of each unit component during splitting considers the processing capacity and the transportation capacity of a factory so as to facilitate hoisting transportation and assembly as the premise. When the parts are separated, the curved surfaces and the curved lines are processed to be straight as far as possible on the premise of not influencing the overall effect, and the difficulty and the cost of actual processing are reduced.
And fourthly, manufacturing a coordinate control table and a machining size control table of each unit component, wherein each numbered unit component is provided with an independent machining model and a machining view. The unit plate after being divided is converted into an independent processing model, the position and the size of the processing model are marked by coordinates of four corners, the processing model is further divided into parts and subjected to coordinate conversion, the further divided parts are divided into three dividing surfaces according to the longitudinal direction of the divided parts and parallel to a longitudinal dividing line, three intersection points are formed between the three dividing surfaces and each transverse dividing line, the dividing lines are provided with five intersection point coordinates for carrying out space position determination, the processing size and the control point of each converted unit plate are displayed on a size control table, the control point is marked by X, Y, Z three-dimensional coordinates, and the control point coordinates are converted from space coordinates where the unit plates are longitudinally arranged into processing platform coordinates where the unit plates are transversely arranged.
In the external processing link:
fifthly, processing the unit components after the parts are separated in an external processing factory, manufacturing each unit component in a processing model and a processing view, wherein the unit components to be processed structurally comprise a basic unit framework, a steel framework is longitudinally used for a main body of the basic unit framework, two sides of the steel framework are parallel supporting legs, a bending section which accords with a curved surface angle is arranged in the middle of the unit components, two ends of the bending section are respectively fixed on the upper portions of the supporting legs, flat steel which is bent by a numerical control bending machine is transversely used, two ends of the flat steel are respectively fixed on the bending sections, supporting rods are arranged on the supporting legs of the two opposite steel frameworks, the unit frameworks are manufactured by the two steel frameworks, a plurality of flat steels and a plurality of supporting rods, and the surface of the flat steel of the unit framework is covered with a steel plate mask.
Sixthly, synchronously processing two longitudinal steel frames between adjacent unit components by A, B sleeves to keep the structures of the two longitudinal steel frames the same, simultaneously punching holes on a numerical control machine tool to form corresponding connecting holes after the adjacent steel frames are aligned, screwing the knocking bolts through the connecting holes in the installation process, correcting the outer contour line of the surface while realizing the reinforcement connection, and ensuring that the arc of the outer contour line is smooth and continuous;
seventhly, designing a special working platform in an external processing factory to ensure the processing precision of the unit components, wherein the working platform comprises an operation table top and supporting legs, the four supporting legs are respectively arranged at the bottom of the square operation table top, criss-cross square grids are arranged on the operation table top of the working platform, scales are marked on the grids to serve as control coordinates, the steel frames are processed and welded on the working platform according to a processing view and a size control table, two adjacent AB steel frames are simultaneously processed during processing and welding, transversely bent flat steel is processed on the numerical control pipe bender, and control points are set according to the control size during flat steel processing to match the direction of an arc line on the surface;
eighthly, assembling the processed steel frame, flat steel and skin into corresponding unit components by using a special processing and checking platform, assembling and manufacturing each unit component which is singly numbered and adjacent unit components together, connecting the steel frames processed by the AB sleeve together by using bolts to ensure the connection precision of the adjacent unit components, arranging angle iron frames at two sides of the processing and checking platform, standing and fixing the steel frames according to coordinates, controlling the verticality and levelness of the basic frame to control the precision, controlling the transverse flat steel manufactured by using a numerical control pipe bender to complete positioning by using the coordinates of a grid platform, and controlling the positioning by using at least five space points (X, Y and Z) for each transverse flat steel;
and ninthly, pre-assembling in a factory to assemble each manufactured unit component according to the number, assembling four to six adjacent unit components in groups in the factory, measuring and correcting the size, and calibrating and correcting each unit component. According to the invention, when the unit components are processed in an external processing factory, the matching consistency of adjacent unit components is ensured by adopting an AB surface processing mode, the verification and adjustment are carried out by adopting a pre-assembly mode of a plurality of unit components, and whether the unit components meet the drawing requirements and practical installation requirements is checked by simulating the actual installation environment, so that the manufacturing and installation precision is further ensured.
In the installation step:
tenth, disassembling the corrected and shaped unit components, respectively transporting the unit components to a construction site, and placing the unit components in a classified manner so as to be convenient for actual assembly;
and a tenth step of manufacturing a field basic framework, wherein the height control of the basic framework is realized according to coordinates in a coordinate control table, the basic framework comprises a support frame fixed on the wall and a horizontal shelf positioned at the free end part of the support frame, inclined struts are further arranged between the support frame and the wall and between the horizontal shelf and the wall, a plurality of groups of horizontal shelves are arranged according to the height of the positions, and the outline shape of the basic framework is a ribbon-shaped trend. The unit component of the patent application of the invention is transported to a construction site, a special base layer framework is fixed at the installation position of the ribbon-shaped ornament in the construction site, the base layer framework is used as an installation support of the unit component and aims to ensure the accuracy of the installation position, the structure of the base layer component adopts the form of a front horizontal shelf, the rear end of the base layer component is connected to the wall of a building, a plurality of inclined struts are utilized to ensure that the base layer component can bear the weight of the whole ribbon, the design form of a plurality of horizontal shelves at the front end is the unit component which can be placed in place and can be adjusted in the transverse position, the problems of installation and adjustment are innovatively solved, and the installation convenience and the installation accuracy are further improved.
And a twelfth step, hoisting and positioning, namely determining a height marking point on the basic framework, wherein the height marking point is used as a mounting supporting point (Z), a horizontal coordinate point (Y) is required to be determined on the supporting point of each unit component, a final transverse coordinate point (X) is determined through the in-and-out adjustment of a supporting frame on the basic framework, after the positioning is completed, rechecking the control elevation by using a total station, assembling adjacent unit components in sequence after the rechecking is qualified, and rechecking once again after four unit components are mounted so as to ensure the mounting precision.
And step thirteen, sequentially assembling each unit component, finishing the assembly, reproducing the integral modeling of the three-dimensional model, carrying out counterweight and veneer installation, adhering gypsum laths on the back surfaces of the steel plate surfaces of the unit components for counterweight, balancing 35 kilograms of gypsum boards per square meter to meet the acoustic requirements during counterweight, fixing high-density laths on the surfaces of the steel plate surfaces, adhering wood skins on the high-density laths, and detecting the processing and installation operation of the accurately finished ribbon-shaped wood veneer. After the unit components are assembled, firstly pasting gypsum laths on the back of the steel plate covering surface of the unit components for balancing weight, balancing weight of 35 kilograms of gypsum plates per square meter to meet acoustic requirements during balancing weight, then fixing high-density laths on the surface of the steel plate covering surface, and finally pasting wood skin on the high-density laths. The gypsum lath is convenient to mount in a form of being assembled behind and cannot cause the risk of surface paint skin and cracking, the gypsum lath is adopted as a counter weight to meet the acoustic requirement, and the dense small holes are distributed on the surface of the steel plate covering, so that the high-density lath is easier to be connected through environment-friendly glue, the connection strength is improved, and the subsequent cracking and opening are avoided.
In the assembly construction method of the large-area multi-curve complex artistic veneer, unit component machining needs to ensure precision and machining convenience, auxiliary tools are specially designed, the auxiliary tools comprise a working platform for machining a steel frame and a machining verification platform for fixing the steel frame and a flat steel and steel mask, the corresponding degree of adjacent steel frames is practically guaranteed by adopting an AB surface machining mode, meanwhile, installation holes are machined to ensure accurate alignment during assembly, in addition, a numerical control bending machine is adopted for flat steel machining to ensure that the bending size is in place, and the other function of the machining verification platform is to splice the adjacent unit components together for integral multiple assembly.
As shown in fig. 4, the working platform in the seventh step includes an operation table and supporting legs, the four supporting legs are respectively arranged at the bottom of the square operation table, criss-cross square grids are arranged on the operation table of the working platform, and are marked with scales as control coordinates, the steel frames are processed and welded on the working platform according to the processing view and the size control table, and two adjacent steel frames AB are simultaneously processed during processing and welding.
As shown in fig. 5, the processing and checking platform structurally comprises a construction platform, the construction platform is laid on the ground in a factory building, one side of the construction platform is provided with a vertical fixed backer board, one side of the construction platform opposite to the backer board is provided with a pre-assembled support with a movable position, grids are respectively arranged on the construction platform and the backer board, the grids are provided with scales, longitudinally adjacent unit components are simultaneously manufactured on the construction platform of the processing and checking platform, four corresponding steel frames of the unit components are vertically fixed on the construction platform during manufacturing, one steel frame is used as a reference, a temporary fixing support is welded on the edge of the steel frame used as the reference to keep the vertical state, the corresponding steel frame and the adjacent steel frame are respectively fixed in place, and two stable reinforcements are connected between the opposite steel frames, and fixing the processed flat steel between the reference steel frame and the opposite steel frame, wherein the edge of the pre-assembled bracket close to the outermost side of the unit component combination is used as the outermost side support.
In the assembly construction method of the large-area multi-curve complex artistic veneer, when each unit component is installed on the steel frame in the eighth step, five coordinate points on the flat steel need to be controlled to be installed in place.
The invention relates to an assembly construction method of a large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer, which is characterized in that in the ninth step, when an external processing factory is pre-assembled, processed unit components are firstly placed according to numbers, four to five adjacent unit components are selected to be hoisted for pre-assembly, a support frame is erected in a field during pre-assembly to simulate a field installation scene, problems are found out and deviation is marked, and correction is carried out after the support frame is disassembled.
In the assembly construction method of the large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer, the base layer framework is manufactured on site in the tenth step, the height control of the base layer framework is realized according to the coordinates in a coordinate control table, the base layer framework comprises a support frame fixed on a wall and a horizontal shelf arranged at the free end part of the support frame, inclined struts are further arranged between the support frame and the wall and between the horizontal shelf and the wall, a plurality of groups of horizontal shelves are arranged according to the height of the positions, and the outline shape of the base layer framework is in a ribbon-shaped trend. For the basic framework, in order to ensure the emphasis and the applicability of the basic framework, a combination of a vertical keel and a transverse keel is designed, wherein the position of the vertical keel corresponds to the position of a longitudinal dividing line, the transverse keel is fixed on the vertical keel, and the basic framework forms a staggered frame through the transverse keel and the longitudinal keel, so that a position foundation is provided for the installation of a subsequent unit component, and the installation convenience and the installation precision are ensured.
In the assembly construction method of the large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer, the unit components are hoisted and positioned on site in the twelfth step, a height marking point is determined on the basic framework firstly, the height marking point serves as an installation supporting point Z, a horizontal coordinate point Y needs to be determined on the supporting point of each unit component, a final transverse coordinate point X is determined through in-and-out adjustment of a supporting frame on the basic framework, after the positioning is completed, a total station is used for rechecking the control elevation, after the rechecking is qualified, adjacent unit components are assembled in sequence, and the rechecking is carried out once after four unit components are installed so as to ensure the installation precision. During installation, a first coordinate point of a first unit component is determined as a control point, and then other four coordinate points are rechecked through the total station, so that the first unit component is ensured to be correctly installed, and after the first unit component is installed, other vertical unit components are sequentially installed. The unit members are detected in real time during installation, and the accuracy of the installation process is ensured by detecting three levels of a single unit member, the unit members in the vertical direction and a ribbon part area formed by a plurality of unit members.
In the thirteenth step, each unit component is assembled in sequence, the assembly is completed, the integral modeling of a three-dimensional model is reproduced, the counterweight and the veneer installation are performed, firstly, gypsum laths are pasted on the back surfaces of steel plate covering surfaces of the unit components for counterweight, 35 kilograms of gypsum boards are weighed per square meter to meet the acoustic requirement when the counterweight is performed, then, high-density laths are fixed on the surfaces of the steel plate covering surfaces, the high-density laths are cut according to the length of the modeling, butt joint is performed in the length direction, the protruding parts are polished and chamfered, the line type and the line type of the steel plate covering surfaces are ensured to be corresponding and consistent, finally, wood veneers are pasted on the high-density laths, the seamless butt joint of the connecting parts is ensured when the wood veneers are pasted, and the processing and installation operation of the accurately finished ribbon-shaped wood veneer is detected. When wooden veneer laths are spliced, the veneer laths serving as covers adopt an integral laying form as the covers, and the veneers are subjected to finger joint according to all angles of the curved surface direction, so that the integrity of the final effect is ensured.
The invention aims at the design, production and installation engineering of ribbon-shaped ornaments in large-scale performance centers, and the large-scale ribbon-shaped ornaments have larger sizes, are integrally distributed in a C shape, have installation heights of dozens of meters and lengths of dozens of meters, have heights of two to three meters, require the surfaces of the ornaments to have solid wood texture, are elegant and natural, meet acoustic requirements, cannot generate phenomena such as echo and the like which influence the acoustic effect of an art venue, and have no decoration form, size height and structural form before, thereby causing great difficulty for design and construction. The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a ribbon-shaped ornament, which aims at the situation, utilizes a digital technology to divide the integral ribbon-shaped ornament into pieces, then the pieces are processed into unit components through an external factory, then the unit components are transported to the site for splicing, and finally the wooden decorative surface is processed.
Claims (6)
1. The assembling construction method of large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer is characterized in that the ribbon-shaped veneer installed in a large-scale performance center is of a semi-enclosed structure which is integrally C-shaped, the structure of the ribbon-shaped veneer comprises a basic layer component, unit components and a wood veneer surface layer, the basic layer component is installed on the inner wall of the large-scale performance center, a plurality of unit components are installed on the basic layer component and spliced into ribbon shapes, and the wood veneer surface layer is arranged on the spliced unit components, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, dividing a three-dimensional model of a ribbon-shaped model, dividing the model according to the processing, transportation and economy of a factory, enabling the length of each unit component after dividing to be not more than 2.5 meters and the height of each unit component to be not more than 2 meters, keeping the continuity of the ribbon shape during dividing, manufacturing a coordinate control table and a processing size control table of each unit component, wherein each unit component after being numbered is provided with an independent processing model and a processing view;
secondly, processing the divided unit components in an external processing factory, manufacturing each unit component in a processing model and a processing view, wherein the unit components to be processed structurally comprise a basic layer framework, a steel framework is longitudinally used as a main body of the basic layer framework, flat steel bent by a numerical control machine tool is transversely used, the unit framework is manufactured by two steel frameworks, a plurality of flat steels and a plurality of support rods, and a steel plate mask is covered on the surface of the flat steel of the unit framework;
thirdly, synchronously processing two longitudinal steel frames between the adjacent unit components by A, B sleeves to keep the structural configurations of the two units identical, simultaneously punching holes on a numerical control machine tool to form corresponding connecting holes after the adjacent steel frames are aligned, screwing the knocking bolts through the connecting holes in the installation process, correcting the outer contour line of the surface while realizing the reinforcement connection, ensuring that the arc of the outer contour line is smooth and continuous, pre-assembling in a factory, and calibrating and correcting each unit component;
fourthly, disassembling the corrected and shaped unit components, respectively transporting the unit components to a construction site, and placing the unit components in a classified manner so as to be convenient for actual assembly;
fifthly, manufacturing a field basic framework, wherein the height control of the basic framework is realized according to coordinates in a coordinate control table, the basic framework comprises a support frame fixed on a wall and a horizontal shelf positioned at the free end part of the support frame, inclined struts are arranged between the support frame and the wall and between the horizontal shelf and the wall, a plurality of groups of horizontal shelves are arranged according to the height of the positions, and the outline shape of the basic framework is a ribbon-shaped trend;
sixthly, hoisting and positioning, namely determining a height marking point on the basic framework, wherein the height marking point is used as an installation supporting point (Z), a horizontal coordinate point (Y) is required to be determined on the supporting point of each unit component, a final transverse coordinate point (X) is determined through the in-and-out adjustment of a supporting frame on the basic framework, after the positioning is completed, rechecking the control elevation by using a total station, sequentially assembling adjacent unit components after the rechecking is qualified, and rechecking once again after four unit components are installed to ensure the installation precision;
and seventhly, sequentially assembling each unit component, finishing the assembly, reproducing the integral modeling of the three-dimensional model, carrying out counterweight and veneer installation, firstly pasting gypsum laths on the back surfaces of the steel plate surfaces of the unit components for counterweight, balancing 35 kilograms of gypsum boards per square meter to meet the acoustic requirements during counterweight, then fixing high-density laths on the surfaces of the steel plate surfaces, finally pasting wood skins on the high-density laths, and detecting the processing and installation operation of the accurately finished ribbon-shaped wood veneer.
2. The method of assembling a large area, multi-curved, complex artistic finish according to claim 1, wherein said first step of separating said three-dimensional model of said ribbon-like shape is performed by: firstly, carrying out space surveying and mapping on the interior of a large-scale venue finished by civil engineering construction, carrying out field scanning surveying and mapping by using a three-dimensional scanner, and generating a point cloud model from surveying and mapping points; integrating the generated point cloud model with a BIM model in the large venue to form a three-dimensional model of a lightweight solid grid surface; and finally, carrying out unit block division on the integral base layer surface skin of the complex special-shaped decorative surface on the three-dimensional model, carrying out four-point location information output on the unit components, numbering each output unit block, and simultaneously extracting curved surface edge lines of the unit blocks and deriving the three-dimensional wire frame model.
3. The assembly construction method of the large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, when the external processing factory is pre-assembled, the processed unit components are firstly placed according to numbers, and four to five adjacent unit components are selected to be hoisted for pre-assembly, and when the pre-assembly is performed, a support frame is erected in a field to simulate a field installation scene, so as to find out problems and identify deviations, and after the disassembly is performed, the correction is performed.
4. The assembly construction method of a large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, a base framework is manufactured at an indoor construction site, the height control of the base framework is realized according to coordinates in a coordinate control table, the base framework comprises a support frame fixed on a wall, vertical supports connected to the support frame and horizontal shelves positioned at the free end parts of the support frame, inclined supports are further arranged between the support frame and the wall and between the horizontal shelves and the wall, the vertical supports are positioned at longitudinal parting line positions, the horizontal shelves are provided with a plurality of groups according to the positions, and the outline shape of the base framework is in a ribbon-shaped trend.
5. The assembly construction method of large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, a lifting location is performed, a height marking point is determined on the infrastructure as a mounting supporting point (Z), a horizontal coordinate point (Y) is determined on the supporting point for each unit component, a final horizontal coordinate point (X) is determined by adjusting the in and out of the supporting frame on the infrastructure, after the positioning is completed, the total station is used for rechecking the control elevation, after the rechecking is qualified, adjacent unit components are assembled in sequence, when the adjacent unit components are assembled, the vertical assembly is performed according to the vertical dividing line, then the horizontal assembly is performed, and after four unit components are mounted, the rechecking is performed once to ensure the mounting accuracy.
6. The assembly construction method of the large-area multi-curved complex artistic veneer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the seventh step, each unit component is assembled in sequence, the assembly is completed, the integral modeling of the three-dimensional model is reproduced, the counterweight and the facing installation are carried out, firstly, gypsum laths are pasted on the back of the steel plate covering surface of each unit component for counterweight, 35 kilograms of gypsum boards are counterweighted per square meter to meet the acoustic requirement when the counterweight is carried out, then fixing high-density battens on the surface of the steel plate covering, cutting the high-density battens according to the shape, butting the high-density battens in the length direction, and polishing and chamfering the protruding part to ensure that the line type corresponds to the line type of the steel plate mask, finally pasting wood veneer on the high-density lath, ensuring the seamless butt joint of the connecting part when pasting the wood veneer, and detecting the processing and installation operation of the accurately finished ribbon-shaped wood veneer.
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