CN111888413B

CN111888413B - Pharmaceutical composition for autumn respiratory diseases

Info

Publication number: CN111888413B
Application number: CN202010986307.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张伯礼; 张俊华; 宋新波; 张晗; 苗琳; 周昆; 任明; 刘二伟; 王跃飞; 王苹; 刘岱琳; 丁辉; 郑文科; 杨丰文
Original assignee: Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Current assignee: Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Priority date: 2020-09-18
Filing date: 2020-09-18
Publication date: 2022-07-12
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-18
Also published as: CN111888413A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicines, and relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating respiratory diseases in autumn. Specifically, the pharmaceutical composition comprises: 2-4 parts of burdock, 1-3 parts of blackberry lily, 1-3 parts of platycodon grandiflorum, 1-3 parts of red paeony root, 1-3 parts of perilla leaf, 2-4 parts of honeysuckle, 1-3 parts of scorched hawthorn fruit, 2-4 parts of radix glehniae, 1-3 parts of mulberry leaf and 0.5-1.5 parts of liquorice; optionally, 1-9 parts by weight of chrysanthemum is also included. The invention also relates to a quality control method and pharmaceutical application of the pharmaceutical composition. The pharmaceutical composition has the effects of tonifying qi, moistening lung, clearing throat, relieving sore throat, removing dirt, eliminating turbid pathogen and the like, and has the potential of being applied to preparation of medicines for treating and/or preventing pharyngitis.

Description

Pharmaceutical composition for autumn respiratory diseases

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicines, and relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating respiratory diseases in autumn. In particular, the invention relates to an autumn tea powder pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing respiratory diseases. Specifically, the autumn tea powder pharmaceutical composition is an autumn tea bag. The invention also relates to a quality control method and pharmaceutical application of the pharmaceutical composition.

Background

The non-bacterial inflammation is the cause of pharyngitis, has the clinical characteristics of stubborn symptoms, long lingering and difficult-to-cure course and the like, and can directly influence the life and work of people. The western medicine treatment is widely applied in clinic, but mainly takes antibiotic medicines, sometimes the curative effect is not obvious, and some serious side effects exist; the traditional Chinese medicine in China is obviously different from western medicine, and focuses on the overall disease, and emphasizes dialectical treatment methods, so that the treatment effect is more satisfactory and the side effect is small. However, the application of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation in clinical is relatively limited at present, and a large-scale experiment for treating pharyngitis in traditional Chinese medicine is lacked, so more scientific clinical research needs to be carried out.

Pharyngitis, which is characterized by repeated attack and prolonged course of disease, often brings adverse effects on daily life, study and work of patients, and causes great trauma to physical and mental health of patients. In addition, chronic stimulation continuously stimulates pharyngeal nerve endings, so the condition of the patient gradually worsens, and the use of antiviral and antibiotic medicines in clinic cannot achieve satisfactory treatment effect.

The novel coronavirus pneumonia (Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19) belongs to the category of epidemic diseases from the perspective of Chinese medicine. The pneumonia patients infected by the novel coronavirus have the main clinical manifestations of fever, hypodynamia and dry cough, and all show certain symptoms of pharyngeal inflammation. The clinical manifestations of the patients with the mild cold-damp stagnation lung disease of the new coronary pneumonia comprise fever, hypodynamia, cough, expectoration and the like, and the clinical manifestations of the patients with the damp-heat stagnation lung disease also comprise dry cough, little phlegm and pharyngalgia.

"the previous medical treatment of disease" originally originated from the book Huangdi's classic: the "the former is treating the disease before the disease is treated, but not treating the disease, this is also called. The development of the disease has the rule of transmission and transformation in both the direct and reverse directions, and the correct intervention of Chinese herbs can block the aggravation or transformation of the disease in time. The traditional Chinese medicine intervenes in the early stage of the disease course, so that the traditional Chinese medicine does not develop any more, achieves the effects of early discovery, early intervention and early treatment, and has important practical and long-term values. Practice proves that early intervention of the traditional Chinese medicine is also of great significance in treating the new coronary pneumonia.

The ancient Chinese medical record of "tea is a medicine for treating diseases. The research shows that the tea contains the ammonia theophylline, the tea polyphenol, the caffeine, the theophylline, the theobromine and the like, has the effects of treating and protecting health for a plurality of diseases, and particularly has the effects of reducing blood pressure, preventing and treating arteriosclerosis, resisting radiation, preventing cancer, helping digestion, relieving fatigue and the like. Although tea has many pharmacological actions of traditional Chinese medicines, the effective action is very little.

Tea culture is an important component of the traditional culture of China. From ancient times to present, the health care tea has positive influence on life and health care of people. The medicinal tea, namely the tea agent, is an important member of the traditional Chinese medicine treasury, and is popular like drinking tea, and the tea and the Chinese herbal medicines are brewed or decocted for drinking, so that the aim of daily disease prevention is fulfilled. The Guangya of the Zhang Yuan of classical medical books, the Song of Sunzhu, the Shennong's herbal notes of the Tao Hongjing, the Qianjin essentials of Sunssi, and the Waitai secret of Wang Shu have descriptions of the selection and action of herb tea, and many new prescriptions of herb tea appear in order to be drunk by the people who live from Hou to Pan.

The bagged Chinese medicine tea is prepared through processing tea into coarse powder, packing in paper bag, soaking in boiling water to eliminate dregs and drinking liquid medicine. The traditional Chinese medicine powder is developed from ancient Chinese medicine powder and potion, and has the effects of benefiting vital energy, assisting exhaustion, regulating yin and yang, dispelling evil, cleaning viscera and caring skin. The bagged steeping drug has the advantages of large dosage, small volume, convenient taking and quick dissolution, furthest retains the advantages and characteristics of the traditional decoction, is more close to the living habits of the public, and effectively develops the traditional decoction excessively into the mainstream of the popular drug formulation invisibly.

The traditional Chinese medicine bagged steeping preparation is firstly researched in Japan in the 70 th century of the 20 th century, Chinese also has special research on the traditional Chinese medicine bagged steeping preparation in the 80 th century of the 20 th century, particularly more detailed research on the aspects of preparation process, effective leaching rate, pharmacological action, clinical application and the like of the traditional Chinese medicine bagged steeping preparation is carried out, and blood pressure reducing bagged tea, eight-treasure bagged tea, Sichuan Shao tea bag-regulating bagged steeping preparation and the like are recorded in the drug Standard of Ministry of health of the people's republic of China.

In reality, because of the consideration of use and economic value, the tea is beaten into fan-shaped fragments to form a basic flow, which is in conflict with the aesthetic concept of famous tea, even if part of the tea is packaged by the tea bag, the tea bag is only required by overseas markets, and the development of the tea bag in the Chinese market is limited to a great extent. The original tea bag which does not break the tea and keeps the original shape of the tea seems to better meet the requirements of consumers in China.

The preparation process of the bagged steeping drug is simple, the effective components can be kept as much as possible, the leaching rate is high, the effect is quick, the taking is convenient, and the like.

The climate characteristics in autumn mainly show that the weather is changeable, warm in cold and warm, and the rainwater is gradually increased, which is a season with multiple respiratory infectious diseases. The respiratory tract diseases are easily caused by the cold and hot weather, pathogenic microorganisms invade a susceptible human body through the respiratory tract, continuously spread outwards along with respiratory tract secretion and invade another susceptible organism to form the respiratory tract infectious diseases. After the traditional Chinese medicine tea is taken, the emotion is relaxed along with the qi of the hair growth, and the beneficial effect of early intervention and early prevention is achieved.

The method aims to find a new means for preventing and early treating respiratory infectious diseases such as pharyngitis (including symptoms and/or symptoms such as pharyngitis caused by novel coronavirus pneumonia), improve the life quality of patients, particularly control the relapse of acute pharyngitis, and start to re-view the traditional Chinese medicine method in clinic. In addition, considering that the common traditional Chinese medicine method is simple and easy, the misuse and abuse of antibiotic medicines can be effectively reduced, the adverse reaction is reduced, the long-term effect is satisfactory, and the method is worth popularizing and using in life practice.

Disclosure of Invention

The inventor obtains a pharmaceutical composition through intensive research and creative work, and surprisingly discovers that the pharmaceutical composition has the effects of nourishing yin and relieving sore throat, tonifying qi and moistening lung, clearing throat and relieving sore throat, removing dirt and eliminating turbidity and the like, and can effectively treat and/or prevent pharyngitis, particularly pharyngitis caused by respiratory diseases in autumn; can effectively eliminate phlegm and/or can effectively relieve cough.

The following invention is thus provided:

one aspect of the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising:

in some embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition comprises:

in some embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition comprises:

in some embodiments of the present invention, the pharmaceutical composition comprises herbal pieces;

preferably, the burdock is fried burdock.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the pharmaceutical composition is composed of the above-mentioned components. In some embodiments of the present invention, the active ingredient (effective ingredient) of the pharmaceutical composition consists of the above-mentioned ingredients; optionally, the pharmaceutical composition further comprises one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

In some embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition is a tea.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the pharmaceutical composition is a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and/or treating (e.g., early intervention) respiratory diseases, particularly autumn respiratory diseases (also referred to as pharmaceutical composition of tea for autumn, abbreviated as autumn tea).

In some embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition has a unit dose of 2 to 10g, preferably 3 to 6g, 3 to 5g, 3 to 4.5g, 4 to 6g or 4 to 5g, more preferably 3g or 4.5 g.

In some embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition is a tea; preferably, it is packaged in the form of a teabag.

In some embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition is pulverized or not pulverized; preferably pulverized; preferably, the pulverized medicinal powder passes through a No. 1 sieve; more preferably, the pulverized powder passes through the No. 1 sieve and cannot pass through the No. 5 sieve.

In some embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition has a water content of less than 12%; preferably, less than or equal to 10%, or less than or equal to 8%; more preferably, less than or equal to 7%, less than or equal to 6%, or less than or equal to 5%.

In some embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition comprises:

in some embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition comprises:

the composition principle of the prescription is firstly seen in the Suwen-Zhi-Zhen-Yao university treatise on 'the principle that the principal disease is monarch, the assistant is monarch and the assistant is guide'. The principle of the prescription is enriched and expanded by doctors of all generations on the basis.

1. Monarch drug

It is a drug that has a main therapeutic effect on major diseases or major symptoms, i.e., it is designed to target at the main etiology, leading pathogenesis or major symptoms of the disease, and it is the core part of the prescription composition. Monarch drugs generally have the characteristics of stronger potency, less medicinal taste and relatively larger dosage. "major is the principal" means relative to the conventional dosage of the drug itself, rather than the absolute dosage in the formulation compared to other drugs, e.g., limited by the texture, quality and toxicity of the drug itself, e.g., lighter in light floral leaf type; the dosage of heavy materials such as shells is heavy; the dosage of the medicinal materials with strong quality and strong power is preferably small, otherwise, the dosage can be slightly large; the toxic herbs such as Wu Tou are used in small dosage even as monarch drugs.

2. Ministerial drug

The ministerial drugs have two layers: 1) auxiliary monarch drug for strengthening the drugs for treating the major diseases or the major symptoms; 2) the medicine has main treatment effect on accompanied diseases or concurrent symptoms. The medicine has more medicinal ingredients than the monarch drug, and the potency and the dosage of the medicine are smaller than those of the monarch drug.

3. Adjuvant drug

The adjuvant has three layers: 1) adjuvant drugs, i.e., drugs that combine monarch and ministerial drugs to enhance therapeutic effects, or drugs that directly treat secondary symptoms; 2) adjuvant drugs, which refer to drugs that eliminate or relieve the toxicity and side effects of monarch and ministerial drugs; 3) the anti-adjuvant drugs are the drugs with the property of being opposite to that of the monarch drugs and playing the role of the other drugs in the treatment when the drugs reject the disease.

4. Messenger medicine

The guiding drugs have two meanings: 1) the channel-guiding medicine can guide the efficacy of the traditional Chinese medicine to directly reach the focus; 2) the harmonizing herbs can harmonize the properties of the herbs in the recipe, coordinate the interaction of the herbs or correct the taste. The dosage of the medicine is small and the number of the medicines is small.

Without being bound by theory, the inventors speculate that:

the burdock is pungent in flavor and cool in nature, and has the effects of dispelling wind evil, detoxifying and relieving sore throat; honeysuckle flower, flos Lonicerae, sweet in flavor, cold and fragrant, can dispel wind-heat, clear heat and remove toxicity, and is used as monarch drug in combination. The ministerial drugs are perilla leaves which are pungent and warm and can not dry, and the ministerial drugs can release the exterior and disperse pathogenic factors and also can disperse lung qi; the medicine is specially used for lung meridian such as blackberry lily and platycodon root, and has the effects of dispersing lung qi, eliminating phlegm, relieving sore throat and relieving cough. Radix Paeoniae Rubra cools blood and removes blood stasis; charred fructus crataegi is used as adjuvant drug for astringing lung and relieving cough; licorice root, radix Glycyrrhizae can relieve cough and resolve phlegm, and harmonize the effects of all the drugs as an adjuvant. The medicines are used together to play the effects of dispelling wind, removing toxicity, dispersing lung qi and relieving cough.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the pharmaceutical composition is composed of the above-mentioned components in parts by weight.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the pharmaceutical composition further comprises one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the pharmaceutical composition is composed of the above components in parts by weight and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

The term "excipient" refers herein to an excipient or vehicle used to administer the primary drug, including, but not limited to, diluents, disintegrants, precipitation inhibitors, surfactants, glidants, binders, lubricants, coating materials, and the like. Adjuvants are generally described in "Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences" by e.w. martin. Examples of adjuvants include, but are not limited to, aluminum monostearate, aluminum stearate, carboxymethylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, crospovidone, glyceryl isostearate, glyceryl monostearate, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyeicosateyl hydroxystearate, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose, and the like.

In some embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition wherein, per g of the pharmaceutical composition:

the arctiin content is more than or equal to 4.4 mg;

preferably, the content of the arctiin is more than or equal to 5.5 mg;

more preferably, the arctiin content is not less than 7mg, not less than 7.2mg or not less than 7.5 mg.

In some embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition, wherein, calculated per 4.5g of pharmaceutical composition (per bag):

the arctiin content is more than or equal to 19.80 mg;

preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,

the arctiin content is not less than 20 mg.

The pharmaceutical composition of the invention is also called four-season tea autumn tea, four-season tea autumn tea or four-season tea-autumn tea (both are simply called autumn tea).

In some embodiments of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition is for use as described in any one of 1) to 4) selected from the group consisting of:

1) replenishing qi, moistening lung, clearing throat, relieving sore throat and/or removing dirt and turbid;

2) treating and/or preventing seasonal respiratory disease, preferably the respiratory disease is influenza;

3) treating and/or preventing pharyngitis, preferably, the pharyngitis is acute pharyngitis; preferably, the pharyngitis is pharyngitis caused by novel coronavirus pneumonia (Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19);

4) expectorant, preferably for patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19);

5) cough relief, preferably for patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19).

Another aspect of the present invention relates to an extract which is an aqueous or ethanolic solution of the pharmaceutical composition of any of the present invention. Preferably, the temperature of the water is greater than or equal to 80 ℃, greater than or equal to 85 ℃, greater than or equal to 90 ℃ or greater than or equal to 95 ℃.

A further aspect of the invention relates to the use of a pharmaceutical composition according to any one of the invention or an extract according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament selected from any one of (1) to (4) as follows:

(1) a medicine for tonifying qi, moistening lung, clearing throat, relieving sore throat and/or removing dirt and turbid pathogen;

(2) a medicament for the treatment and/or prevention of pharyngitis; preferably, the pharyngitis is acute pharyngitis; preferably, the pharyngitis is pharyngitis caused by Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19);

(3) an expectorant, preferably a drug for expectoration in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19);

(4) the cough relieving medicine is preferably used for relieving cough of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19).

Yet another aspect of the present invention relates to a method selected from any one of (1) to (4) below:

(1) a method for tonifying qi, moistening lung, clearing throat, relieving sore throat and/or removing dirt and turbid pathogen;

(2) methods of treating and/or preventing pharyngitis; preferably, the pharyngitis is acute pharyngitis; preferably, the pharyngitis is pharyngitis caused by novel coronavirus pneumonia (Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19);

(3) a method of eliminating phlegm, preferably, a method of eliminating phlegm for patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19);

(4) a method of relieving cough, preferably, a method of relieving cough for patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19);

comprising the step of administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition according to any of the invention or an extract according to the invention.

In some embodiments of the invention, the method comprises the steps of:

the tea is infused 1 bag each time, 2-3 times per day.

The term "effective amount" refers to a dose that achieves treatment, prevention, alleviation and/or amelioration of a disease or disorder described herein in a subject.

Nourishing yin, also known as nourishing yin, tonifying yin, nourishing yin and tonifying yin. Belongs to the complementary method.

Relieving sore throat refers to a method of relieving sore throat by eliminating pathogenic factors and strengthening body resistance, and treating throat diseases.

Yet another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition according to any one of the present invention, comprising the steps of:

(1) pulverizing the above materials respectively, and sieving with No. 1 sieve and No. 5 sieve to obtain coarse powder between No. 1 sieve and No. 5 sieve; preferably, the No. 1 oversize powder is crushed again and passes through the No. 1 sieve and the No. 5 sieve to obtain coarse powder between the No. 1 sieve and the No. 5 sieve, and the coarse powder is combined with the coarse powder obtained in the previous step;

(2) uniformly mixing the obtained coarse powder;

(3) packaging and sterilizing;

preferably, in the step (1), the burdock and the red peony root are crushed together; preferably, the remaining medicinal materials are pulverized separately or together.

Yet another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for quality control or quality control of a pharmaceutical composition according to any of the present invention, comprising the step of detecting the content of arctiin, wherein, calculated per g of the pharmaceutical composition,

if so:

the content of arctiin is more than or equal to 4.4mg,

the quality of the pharmaceutical composition is qualified;

preferably, detecting the content of arctiin by high performance liquid chromatography;

preferably, the chromatographic conditions are as follows:

a chromatographic column: Syncronis-AQ C18 (e.g., 250 mm. times.4.6 mm, 5 μm);

mobile phase: acetonitrile (a) and water (B);

flow rate: 0.8-1.2 mL/min^-1；

Wavelength: 230 nm;

sample injection amount: 5-10 mu L;

column temperature: 30 ℃ (20-35 ℃);

gradient elution procedure: 0-10 min, 14% -18% A; 10-18 min, 18% of A; 18-22 min, 18% -19% A; 22-42 min, 19% -31% A; 42-50 min, 31% -55% A.

Advantageous effects of the invention

The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention achieves the technical effects described in any one or more of the following items (1) to (5):

(1) nourishing yin and relieving sore throat;

(2) replenishing qi, moistening lung, clearing throat, relieving sore throat, removing dirt, and eliminating turbid pathogen;

(3) can effectively treat and/or prevent pharyngitis, in particular pharyngitis caused by novel coronavirus pneumonia (Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19);

(4) can effectively eliminate phlegm, and is particularly used for eliminating phlegm for patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia; and

(5) can effectively relieve cough, and is particularly suitable for patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia to relieve cough.

Drawings

Unless otherwise specified, the autumn tea sample of the present invention is sometimes also referred to simply as "autumn" in the drawings.

FIG. 1A: thin layer identification of radix Paeoniae Rubra. The paeoniflorin contrast product, the autumn tea and the autumn tea have negative red paeony root.

FIG. 1B: identifying the thin layer of rhizoma Belamcandae. The wild tectorigenin reference substance, the blackberry lily reference medicinal material, the autumn tea and the autumn tea are negative to blackberry lily.

Fig. 2A-2D: acute pharyngitis pathological section of pharyngeal tissue (HE X10) of rat. Wherein, fig. 2a. blank set; FIG. 2B. model set; figure 2c. amoxicillin group; fig. 2d. autumn tea group.

FIG. 3: influence of the autumn tea sample on the TNF-alpha content in the peripheral blood of the rat with acute pharyngitis. In comparison with the normal group,^**P<0.01; in comparison with the set of models,^**P<0.01。

FIG. 4: influence of autumn tea sample on IL-1 beta content in peripheral blood of rat with acute pharyngitis. In comparison with the normal group,^**P<0.01; in comparison with the set of models,^*P<0.05。

FIG. 5: influence of the autumn tea sample on the IL-6 content in the peripheral blood of the rat with acute pharyngitis.

FIG. 6A: method for detecting THP-1 cell viability value of treated autumn tea samples with different concentrations by CCK-8 method

(n＝6)。**P<0.01vs Control*P<0.001vs Control。

FIG. 6B: LDH method for detecting THP-1 cell viability value of treated autumn tea samples with different concentrations

(n＝6)。**P<0.01vs Control*P<0.001vs Control。

FIG. 7A: autumn tea sample inhibits expression of inflammatory factor TNF-alpha in THP-1 cell induced by LPS

(n＝3)**P<0.01vs Control##P<0.01vs LPS #P<0.001vs LPS。

FIG. 7B: autumn tea sample inhibits expression of inflammatory factor IP-10 in THP-1 cell induced by LPS

(n＝3)**P<0.01vs Control##P<0.01vs LPS #P<0.001vs LPS。

FIG. 7C: autumn tea sample inhibits expression of inflammatory factor IKB alpha in THP-1 cell induced by LPS

(n＝3)**P<0.01vs Control##P<0.01vs LPS #P<0.001vs LPS。

FIG. 7D: autumn tea sample inhibits expression of inflammatory factor IL-6 in THP-1 cell induced by LPS

(n＝3)**P<0.01vs Control##P<0.01vs LPS #P<0.001vs LPS。

FIG. 7E: autumn tea sample inhibits expression of inflammatory factor IL-1 beta in THP-1 cells induced by LPS

(n＝3)**P<0.01vs Control##P<0.01vs LPS #P<0.001vs LPS。

FIG. 8A: CCK-8 method for detecting influence of autumn tea samples on 293T cell viability

(n＝18)。^**P<0.01vs Control^*P<0.001vs Control。

FIG. 8B: LDH method for detecting influence of autumn tea sample on 293T cell activity

(n＝18)。^**P<0.01vs Control^*P<0.001vs Control。

FIG. 9A: effect of different concentrations of autumn tea samples on the activity of the 293T cell ARE luciferase (x ± SD) (n ═ 18). Note: p <0.001vs Control P <0.05vs Control.

FIG. 9B: effect of different concentrations of autumn tea samples on luciferase activity of the NF-kb promoter of 293T cells (x ± SD) (n ═ 18). Note: p <0.01vs Control, # P <0.05vs Control, # P <0.01vs Model, # P <0.05vs Model.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products which are commercially available, and are not indicated by manufacturers.

The preparation method of the autumn tea liquid medicine used in the experimental examples of the invention is that normal temperature distilled water is used for preparing the liquid medicine with the required concentration, the ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 20min, and the liquid medicine is fully mixed without removing dregs; the supernatant is taken for administration, further dilution or storage for use.

Preparation example 1: preparation of autumn tea bag tea sample (SJQ2020001) of four-season tea

Prescription:

the above medicines are separately crushed, sieved into coarse powder which completely passes through a No. 1 sieve (10 meshes) and a No. 5 sieve (80 meshes), 1000 prescriptions are added according to the prescription proportion, the total weight is 27.0kg, the obtained powder is put into a mixer for total mixing (the total mixing aims to uniformly mix all the medicine powder), and the total medicine powder amount is 26.9 kg. After sterilization, packaging by adopting heat-sealing type tea filter paper into 3 g/bag or 4.5 g/bag (the yield in the inner packaging process is 98-99.5%), and then carrying out outer packaging to obtain the finished product.

Preparation example 2: preparation of autumn tea bag soaking agent sample of four-season tea (SJQ202001)

The formulation was the same as in preparation example 1.

The medicine is prepared by weighing 27.0kg of 1000 medicines according to the prescription proportion, mixing and crushing decoction pieces into coarse powder which can completely pass through a No. 1 sieve (10 meshes) and a No. 5 sieve (80 meshes), and putting the obtained powder into a mixer for total mixing (the purpose of the total mixing is to uniformly mix all the medicine powder) for 30 minutes to obtain 26.8kg of medicine powder. Packaging with heat-sealing type tea filter paper to obtain 3 g/bag or 4.5 g/bag (yield of inner packaging process is 98-99.6%), sterilizing, and packaging to obtain the final product.

Preparation example 3: preparation of autumn tea bag soaking agent sample of four-season tea (SJQ2020002)

The formulation was the same as in preparation example 1.

The medicinal materials are fed according to the prescription proportion, the total amount of 1000 prescriptions is 27.0kg, the decoction pieces are mixed and crushed into coarse powder which can completely pass through a No. 1 sieve and a No. 5 sieve (80 meshes), the obtained powder is put into a mixer for total mixing (the total mixing aims to uniformly mix all medicinal material powder) for 30 minutes, and the total medicinal powder amount is 26.7 kg. Sterilizing, packaging with heat-sealing tea filter paper to obtain 3 g/bag or 4.5 g/bag (inner packaging yield 99.7%), and packaging to obtain the final product.

Experimental example 1: quality detection and control

Qualitatively identifying one of radix Paeoniae Rubra and rhizoma Belamcandae by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), and measuring content of one of arctiin by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). According to the standard of tea (2015 edition of Chinese pharmacopoeia, the fourth general rule of tea 0188), comprehensive quality standard research is carried out, and scientific and effective basis is provided for further research of the preparation.

1 Experimental materials and methods

1.1 Experimental materials and reagents

1.1.1 Instrument

1.1.2 reagents and materials

1.1.3 reference

Control for content measurement: arctiin (batch No. 110819 and 201812, purity: 95.0%) was purchased from China institute for food and drug testing.

The control substance paeoniflorin for thin-layer identification (batch: 110736-201943, purity: 95.1%), the sub-wild tectorigenin (batch: 11557-201703, purity: 99.9%) and the blackberry lily control drug (batch: 120994-201206) patchouli alcohol (batch: 110772-201909, purity: 100.0%) were purchased from China food and drug assay institute.

1.1.4 samples

Three autumn tea samples (SJQ2020001, SJQ202001, SJQ2020002) prepared according to preparation examples 1-3, and each sample of radix Paeoniae Rubra as a negative control were prepared in the same manner.

The negative control 1 was prepared in the same manner as in preparation example 3, except that it contained no radix Paeoniae Rubra. The purpose of setting a negative sample is to prove that the identification method of the red paeony root in the sample is reliable, which indicates that the sample does have the characteristic spot of paeoniflorin in the red paeony root and other medicinal materials except the red paeony root do not have paeoniflorin.

The negative control 2 is prepared by the same method as that of preparation 3 except that blackberry lily is not contained in the control. The purpose of setting a negative sample is to prove that the identification method of the blackberry lily in the sample is reliable, which indicates that the sample does have the characteristic spot of the irisflorentin control (111557) -201703) in the blackberry lily and the other medicinal materials except the blackberry lily do not have irisflorentin.

1.2 Experimental methods

1.2.1 thin layer identification

1.2.1.1 thin layer identification of Red peony root

(1) Preparation of test article and negative test article solution

2g of the powder of the sample (prepared in preparation example 3) was sampled, 40mL of ethanol was added, shaking and filtration were performed, the filtrate was evaporated to dryness, and 5mL of ethanol was added to the residue to dissolve it as a sample solution.

Negative control solution was prepared in the same manner as negative control 1.

(2) Preparation of reference drug solution

Taking 0.5g of radix Paeoniae Rubra reference material, and making into reference material solution by the same method as in item 1.2.1.1 (1).

(3) Preparation of control solution

Collecting penoniflorin control 2mg, adding ethanol to obtain control solution (2 mg. mL)^-1)。

(4) Thin layer chromatography development conditions

Thin-layer plate: silica gel G thin layer plate

Sample amount of spotting: mu.L of each solution

Developing agent: chloroform-ethyl acetate-methanol-formic acid

(40:5:10:0.2)

Color developing agent: 5% vanillin sulfuric acid solution, heating at 105 deg.C for color development

1.2.1.2 Ejection drying thin layer identification

(1) Preparation of test article and negative test article solution

Negative control solution was prepared in the same manner as negative control 2.

(2) Preparation of reference drug solution

Taking rhizoma Belamcandae 0.5g, and making into control solution by the same method as in item 1.2.1.1 (1).

(3) Preparation of control solution

Collecting reference substance 2mg of irigenin, and adding ethanol to obtain reference solution (2 mg. mL)^-1)。

(4) Thin layer chromatography development conditions

Thin layer plate: silica gel G thin layer plate

Sample amount of spotting: mu.L of each solution

Developing agent: petroleum ether (60 ℃ -90 ℃) -ethyl acetate (1:1)

Color developing agent: observation at 254nm

1.2.2 examination

The inspection was carried out according to the general rule of tea 0188 of the fourth part of the 2015 edition of Chinese pharmacopoeia.

1.2.2.1 moisture determination

The measurement was carried out according to the method of measuring moisture (general rule 0832) in the fourth part of the "Chinese pharmacopoeia" of the 2015 edition.

1.2.2.2 filling difference

Each batch of the samples prepared in the preparation examples 1-3 is taken, 10 bags of each batch are respectively taken, the amount of the product is 3g according to the method of 'the difference in the content' under the item 0188 item of the tea in the fourth general regulation of the Chinese pharmacopoeia of 2015 edition, and the difference in the content is +/-12%.

1.2.2.3 microbial Limit

Each batch of the samples prepared in preparation examples 1 to 3 was taken, 3 bags per batch, and examined by the "microbial limit" method under 0188 item of general guidelines in the fourth part of the 2015 edition of Chinese pharmacopoeia.

1.2.3 assay

Each batch of 3 portions of 3g samples prepared in preparation examples 1-3 were taken.

Sample preparation: putting 3g of a sample in a beaker, adding 180mL of pure water with the temperature of 85 ℃, and soaking for 30 min; adding methanol into a sample, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, cooling, transferring to a centrifuge tube, centrifuging at room temperature for 15min (5000rpm), transferring supernatant to a 10mL volumetric flask, adding 90% methanol to a constant volume, shaking up, and filtering with a 0.45-micrometer microporous membrane to obtain the product for later use.

Chromatographic conditions are as follows: a chromatographic column: Syncronis-AQ C18(250 mm. times.4.6 mm, 5 μm); mobile phase: acetonitrile (a) and water (B); flow rate: 0.8 mL/min^-1(ii) a Wavelength: 230 nm; sample introduction amount: 10 mu L of the solution; column temperature: at 30 ℃. Gradient elution procedure: 0-10 min, 14% -18% of A; 10-18 min, 18% A; 18-22 min, 18% -19% A; 22-42 min, 19% -31% of A; 42-50 min, 31% -55% A. The theoretical plate number is not less than 5000 calculated according to arctiin peak.

2 results of the experiment

2.1 thin layer identification results

The results of the thin layers are shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.

As can be seen from FIG. 1A, the autumn tea samples all have characteristic spots of paeoniflorin, and the negative samples lacking radix Paeoniae Rubra do not have characteristic spots of paeoniflorin, which indicates that the method can be used for identifying radix Paeoniae Rubra in the samples.

As can be seen from FIG. 1B, there are characteristic spots of irisflorentin in the autumn tea sample, while no characteristic spots of irisflorentin are found in the negative sample of the blackberry lily, indicating that the method can be used for identifying the blackberry lily in the sample.

2.2 general rule of tea preparation examination results

2.2.1 moisture test results

As shown in table 1.

Table 1: water content test results

As can be seen from Table 1, the water content is lower than 12%, which meets the requirement of tea.

2.2.2 load variation test results

As shown in table 2.

Table 2: result of load check

As can be seen from Table 2, the difference in the amount of the tea is in accordance with the requirement of the tea.

2.2.3 results of microbial examination

The microbial detection results of 3 batches of samples meet the regulations.

2.3 results of content measurement

The content was calculated by the external standard method and averaged, the results are shown in table 3.

Table 3: results of three-batch sample content measurement (n ═ 3)

Batch number	Arctiin mg/g
		SJQ2020001	7.52
SJQ202001	7.14
		SJQ2020002	7.24
Mean value	7.30

In order to more typically determine the index component content limit of the autumn tea, the inventor determines the index component content limit of the autumn tea based on the arctiin content standard in pharmacopoeia. The specific content is as follows:

according to 5.0% of arctiin in the fried burdock decoction pieces specified in 2015-edition Chinese pharmacopoeia, according to the preparation process of the tea, the mass percentage of the burdock in the prescription is 11.1%, the average yield of autumn tea produced by combining three batches of pilot scale production is 99.0%, the calculation is 5.5mg/g, the lower floating 20% is 4.4mg/g, and each bag (4.5g) is 19.8mg as the standard of the arctiin content in the autumn tea.

The content limit standard of autumn tea is as follows: each bag of autumn tea contains fructus Arctii and arctiin (C)₂₇H₃₄O₁₁) Not less than 19.8 mg.

Experimental example 2: prevention and treatment effect of autumn tea on acute pharyngitis caused by staphylococcus aureus in rat model

In the experiment, rats with acute pharyngitis caused by staphylococcus aureus are adopted, the pharmacodynamic action of the autumn tea is evaluated from three aspects of appearance indexes, pathological indexes and biochemical indexes, and scientific basis is provided for the clinical application of the autumn tea.

1 materials and methods

1.1 Experimental instruments

1.2 reagents

1.3 test drugs

Autumn tea samples (prepared in preparation 3).

1.4 Positive drugs

Amoxicillin capsules, Shandong Ziboxinda pharmaceutical Co. Batch number: 191040, in the valid period. Specification: 0.25 g/tablet, usage amount: referring to clinical usage, dosing was started on day one of the model, with a dose equivalent to clinical equivalent, 0.36g/kg ig per rat, 1 time per day, for 5 consecutive days.

1.5 test animals

The weight of the SPF SD rat is 180-220 g without limitation of male and female; provided by Beijing Huafukang Biotechnology GmbH, the certification number: 1103222011009608, license number: SCXK (Jing) 2019-. Feeding conditions are as follows: ABSL-2 laboratory, -20Pa, temperature 22 +/-1 ℃ and humidity 40-50%.

1.6 Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus standard strain 6538 was purchased from ATCC.

1.7 dosage design and drug formulation

1.7.1 autumn tea extract: the clinical dosage of human is 9g/70kg/d, and the dosage of experimental rat is 3.5 g/kg/time, which is equivalent to 16 times of clinical dosage.

Preparing a liquid medicine: before the test, distilled water is used for preparing a liquid medicine with the concentration of 0.35g/ml, the liquid medicine is administrated by intragastric administration according to the weight of 1 ml/100 g/time, 2 times/day, and the liquid medicine is pre-administrated for 7 days, then the model is built and the intragastric administration is continued for 5 days.

1.7.2 Amoxicillin capsule: reference is made to clinical usage. On day 1, the positive medicine group starts to be gavaged for 1h after the staphylococcus aureus infection, and the dosage of 0.36g/kg (equivalent to the same time of the clinical dosage of a human) is given for 1 time/day for 5 consecutive days.

Preparing a liquid medicine: before the test, the granules in the capsule are prepared into liquid medicine with the concentration of 36mg/ml by distilled water, and the liquid medicine is stored at 4 ℃ for standby.

1.8 bacterial culture

Taking 2 250ml conical flasks, adding 1g of yeast extract, 2g of peptone, 2g of sodium chloride and 200ml of deionized water into each conical flask, uniformly mixing to prepare an LB culture medium, and placing into a chromatography cabinet at 4 ℃ for storage for later use.

The staphylococcus aureus colony is inoculated into a conical flask filled with LB culture medium and is shake-cultured for 17 hours at 37 ℃. Centrifuging the bacterial liquid 3220rcf for 1min, then removing the supernatant, and counting under a microscope; adjusting the density of the bacterial liquid to 1.9x10⁹/ml。

1.9 grouping and detection

28 SD rats are randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, an autumn tea group and an amoxicillin group, and each group comprises 7 rats.

The autumn tea administration group is administered by intragastric administration for seven days, the dosage is 3.5g/kg, and the administration is carried out twice a day; seven days later, except the normal group, the other groups were made into model by injecting Staphylococcus aureus to pharynx with a dose of 1X10⁸Continuous administration for two days while molding; the amoxicillin group starts to be administered by intragastric administration at the first day of molding, the administration dosage is 0.36g/kg, and the administration is carried out once a day. And after the molding is finished, continuing to administer the autumn tea administration group and the amoxicillin group for three days, weighing and dissecting on the fourth day, and observing and detecting.

1.9.1 grading pharyngeal lesions

The scoring standard (from the preparation standard of animal models for acute pharyngitis (draft) made by the professional Committee of Chinese medicine Experimental pharmacology of Chinese medical science society, Chinese medicine pharmacology and clinic 2018; 34 (1)): the color, luster, amount of secretion, congestion and swelling degree of pharynx can be divided into 4 grades.

"-": the pharynx tissue is light red, the surface is moist and glossy, and the pathological phenomena such as secretion, congestion, swelling and the like are avoided;

"+": the pharyngeal mucosa has poor glossiness, a small amount of secretion, slight congestion and swelling;

"++": the color of the pharyngeal mucosa is dark red, the glossiness is poor, secretion appears, and the phenomena of moderate congestion, swelling and the like are accompanied;

"+++": the mucous membrane of the pharynx is dark red, the secretion of mucus is increased, and congestion and swelling are obvious.

1.9.2 grading standard for appearance behavior characterization of rats (from "preparation of animal model for acute pharyngitis" (draft), Chinese medicine pharmacology and clinic 2018; 34(1)) prepared by Committee of Chinese medicine Experimental pharmacology of Chinese medical society: according to the weight, the mobility and the fur color of the rat, the rat can be divided into 4 grades. As shown in table 4 below.

TABLE 4

Index grading	Body weight	Ability to move	Fur color and luster
				0	Is normal	Is normal	Is normal
1	Is basically normal	Is basically normal	Is basically normal
				2	Slight decrease in blood pressure	Slight decrease in blood pressure	Slight decrease in blood pressure
3	Is obviously reduced	Is obviously reduced	Is obviously reduced

1.9.3 white blood cell count of rat blood and its classified count detection

Before each group of animals died, blood smears were taken after tail cutting to measure the number of conventional white blood cells, the percentage of lymphocytes and the percentage of neutrophils.

1.9.4 pathological examination observation

1.9.4.1 Paraffin-embedded section of tissue

Material taking: rats were anesthetized and pharyngeal tissues were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for over 24 h. Taking out the tissue from the fixing solution, flattening the tissue of the target part in a fume hood by using a scalpel, and placing the trimmed tissue and the corresponding label in a dehydration box.

And (3) dehydrating: and (5) putting the dehydration box into a hanging basket, and dehydrating by sequentially gradient alcohol in a dehydrating machine. 1 h-85% of 75% alcohol, 1 h-90% of alcohol, 1 h-95% of alcohol, 1 h-absolute ethanol I, 30 min-absolute ethanol II, 30 min-alcohol benzene, 5-10 min-xylene I, 5-10 min-xylene II, 5-10 min-wax I1 h-wax II, 1 h-wax III, 1 h.

Embedding: embedding the wax-soaked tissue in an embedding machine. Firstly, molten wax is put into an embedding frame, tissues are taken out from a dehydration box and put into the embedding frame according to the requirements of an embedding surface before the wax is solidified, and corresponding labels are attached. And (4) freezing and cooling at-20 ℃, taking out the wax block from the embedding frame after the wax is solidified, and trimming the wax block.

Slicing: the trimmed wax block was sliced on a paraffin slicer to a thickness of 4 μm. The slices float on a spreading machine at 40 ℃ warm water to flatten the tissues, the tissues are taken out by a glass slide, and the slices are baked in a 60 ℃ oven. Taking out after water baking and wax baking and roasting for standby at normal temperature.

1.9.4.2HE staining

Paraffin section dewaxing to water: placing the slices in xylene I30 min-xylene II 30 min-absolute ethyl alcohol I10 min-absolute ethyl alcohol II 10 min-95% alcohol 5 min-90% alcohol 5 min-80% alcohol 5 min-70% alcohol 5 min-distilled water washing.

Hematoxylin staining nuclei: slicing into Harris hematoxylin, staining for 5-10min, washing with tap water, differentiating with 1% hydrochloric acid alcohol for several seconds, washing with tap water for 10min, returning blue with PBS for 5min, and washing with running water.

Eosin staining of cytoplasm: the sections were stained in eosin stain for 1-3 min.

Dewatering and sealing: placing the slices in 95% alcohol I5 min-95% alcohol II 5 min-absolute ethanol I5 min-absolute ethanol II 5 min-xylene I5 min-xylene II 5min to dehydrate and transparent in sequence, taking out the slices from xylene, air drying, and sealing with neutral gum.

Microscopic examination and image acquisition and analysis.

1.9.5 detection of serum inflammatory factor in rats

Anesthetizing a rat, taking blood from an abdominal aorta, injecting the blood into a procoagulant tube, standing for 45min at room temperature, centrifuging at 3500 rpm for 10min, and sucking supernatant until the supernatant is stored at-80 ℃ in a sterile EP tube. Before measurement, the sample is re-melted at room temperature, the IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels in serum are measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the operation is carried out according to the instruction of the kit, and each index is detected by the absorbance of 450nm of an ELISA reader.

2 results of the experiment

2.1 Effect of autumn tea on appearance behavior and pharyngeal scoring of rats with acute pharyngitis

As shown in tables 5 and 6.

Table 5: influence of autumn tea on appearance behavior characterization of acute pharyngitis rats (

n＝7)

Note: in comparison with the normal group,^**P<0.01; in comparison with the set of models,^#P<0.05，^##P<0.01

table 6: influence of autumn tea on pharyngeal lesion of acute pharyngitis rat

Table 5 the results show that: the body weight of the rats in the model group is obviously reduced compared with that in the normal group (P < 0.01); thymus weight loss was significant (P < 0.01); the model group shows the phenomenon of bundle stacking immobility, the mental state is poor, and the activity ability is obviously reduced (P is less than 0.01); the fur of the model group is dry and dull, and the color score of the fur is obviously increased (P is less than 0.01);

compared with the rats in the model group, the weight and the thymus gland weight of the rats in the autumn tea administration group are increased, and the activity degree is obviously improved and is consistent with the behavior characterization of the rats in the amoxicillin group.

The results in Table 6 show that the pharyngeal inflammatory response of the rats in the normal group is in a "" grade, and no inflammatory features appear. The pharyngeal inflammatory response of the model group is in the grade of +++' and +++, the pharyngeal mucosa and the tissue are obviously diseased, and the model is successfully made. The autumn tea administration group is mostly accompanied by a small amount of secretion and mild congestion and swelling, the inflammatory symptoms are obviously improved and show a plus grade, the recovery situation of pharyngeal lesions of rats with even minus and plus amoxicillin after administration is consistent with that of the autumn tea group, and the majority shows a plus grade and even plus grade.

2.2 Effect of autumn tea on the peripheral blood leukocyte count and Classification of rats with acute pharyngitis

As shown in table 7.

Table 7: influence of Siji tea on white blood cell count and classification of acute pharyngitis rats (

n＝7)

Note: WBC (× 10)⁹L): (ii) a leukocyte; l (%): the percentage of lymphocytes; n (%): percentage of neutrophils.

In comparison with the normal group,^**P<0.01; in comparison with the set of models,^#P<0.05，^##P<0.01。

table 7 the results show: compared with the normal group, the number of white blood cells in the rat acute pharyngitis model group is increased (P <0.05), the percentage of lymphocytes is obviously reduced, and the number of neutrophils is obviously increased (P < 0.01); compared with the model group, the percentage of lymphocytes of rats in the autumn tea group and the amoxicillin group is increased (P <0.01), and the percentage of neutrophils is reduced (P < 0.01).

2.3 Effect of autumn tea on the histopathological morphology of acute pharyngitis rat pharynx

As shown in FIGS. 2A-2D, the pharyngeal tissues of the rats in the normal group have clear structures, smooth mucous epithelium and no thickening, the lamina propria is scattered in lymphatic tissues and glands, the glands have normal shapes, a small amount of small blood vessels are arranged under the mucous membrane, no granulation tissue appears, and the fibers of the muscular layer are arranged closely. The pharyngeal tissues of the rats in the model group are not clear, the mucous epithelium is cornified and has the epithelial shedding phenomenon, blood vessels of the lamina propria and the mucous membrane are increased and hyperemic, a large amount of inflammatory cell infiltration can be seen, the glandular wall is obviously thickened compared with that of the normal group, most mucous gland epithelial cells are necrotic, and a large amount of granulation tissues can be seen to grow; the muscle layer fibers are loosely aligned. The pharyngeal mucosa epithelium of the rat in the autumn tea administration group gradually recovers and levels, the gland wall recovers to a normal level, the infiltration degree of the mucosa and inflammatory cells under the mucosa is obviously reduced, and the fibers of the muscular layer are arranged closely; the recovery condition of pharyngeal mucosa of the rats in the amoxicillin group is similar to that of the autumn tea group, and the pharyngeal pathological condition is improved after administration.

2.4 influence of autumn tea on peripheral blood inflammatory factor content of acute pharyngitis rat

As shown in table 8 below and in fig. 3, 4 and 5.

TABLE 8 influence of Siji tea on the content of inflammatory factors in peripheral blood of acute pharyngitis rats: (

n＝7)

Note: compared with the control group, the compound of the formula,^**P<0.01; in comparison with the set of models,^#P<0.05，^##P<0.01。

the results in Table 8 show that compared with the normal group, the peripheral blood of rats in the acute pharyngitis model group has obviously increased contents of inflammatory factors TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta (P <0.01), and the content of IL-6 is reduced; compared with the model group, the autumn tea and amoxicillin group can inhibit the expression of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta in peripheral blood of rats (P is less than 0.01).

3 small knot

The autumn tea can remarkably improve pharyngeal mucosa pathological changes of acute pharyngitis rats, increase weight of rats and weight of thymus, improve mobility of rats, improve skin and hair states of rats, inhibit increase of white blood cells and reduction of lymphocyte numbers, relieve pathological damage degree of pharyngeal tissues of rats after infection, and remarkably inhibit TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta expression in peripheral blood of rats. Shows that: the autumn tea has obvious prevention and treatment effects on a rat model with acute pharyngitis caused by staphylococcus aureus, and provides a laboratory basis for clinical medication of the acute pharyngitis.

Experimental example 3: research on effect of autumn tea on expression of THP-1 inflammatory factor induced by LPS

The experiment inspects the influence of the autumn tea on the release of human monocyte THP-1 cytokine TNF-alpha, IP-10, IkB alpha, IL-6 and IL-1 beta induced by LPS, and preliminarily discusses the anti-inflammatory effect of the autumn tea.

1 materials and methods

1.1 Experimental instruments

1.2 reagents

1.3 Experimental drugs

Autumn tea (prepared in preparation example 3).

1.3.1 dissolving autumn tea

Precisely weighing 2.5mg of autumn tea in 1ml of double distilled water to obtain 2.5mg/ml of autumn tea standard stock solution, and preparing 2.5mg/ml, 1mg/ml and 0.5 mg/ml of sample solution by adopting a double distilled water stepwise dilution mode

1.3.2 solubilization of LPS

1mg LPS was quickly centrifuged in a centrifuge below 21 ℃ and 1mL ddH was added₂And (3) fully dissolving the O, filtering by using a filter, subpackaging, facilitating the use in the experimental process, and storing at the temperature of-20 ℃.

1.4 cell culture

1.4.1 passage of THP-1 cells

The THP-1 cells used in this experiment were purchased from ATCC as suspension cells, so centrifugation was not required for passaging, and 20mL of RPMI cell culture medium containing 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum and 1% diabody was added to 75cm²In a cell culture bottle, adding 25cm of the original culture solution²10mL of cell culture solution was added to the flask and placed in a carbon dioxide cell incubator at a constant temperature of 37 ℃ to continue the culture.

1.4.2 cryopreservation of THP-1 cells

THP-1 cells were centrifuged at 800rmp for 5 minutes and the supernatant was discarded. Taking a proper amount of cell freezing medium according to actual conditions to quickly resuspend the cell sediment, injecting the cell sediment into a freezing tube according to the volume of 1 mL/tube, putting the freezing tube into an isopropanol freezing box, performing gradient cooling at-80 ℃, and transferring the cells into a liquid nitrogen tank for storage.

1.4.3THP-1 cell Resuscitation

The frozen tube was taken out from the liquid nitrogen, placed rapidly in a 37 ℃ water bath, and the cells were thawed by rapid shaking. Removing cells from the freezing tube, adding 4mL culture solution, mixing, centrifuging at 800rpm for 5min, discarding supernatant, resuspending cell precipitate with 4mL culture solution, adding culture solution to 10mL, adding to 25cm²The culture bottle is put into a carbon dioxide cell incubator with constant temperature of 37 ℃ for 3 to 4 days, and when the number of cells per milliliter reaches 1 multiplied by 10⁶Can be subcultured.

1.4.4THP-1 cell count

A clean cell counting plate is taken, a cover glass is covered, and 10 mu L of uniformly dispersed cell suspension is added from the edge of the cover glass and the edge of the counting plate to fill the space between the counting plate and the cover glass. Observing under an inverted microscope, calculating the number of cells in the four grid areas, pressing the line cells, calculating only the left line cells and the upper line cells, and calculating the conglomerated cells according to single cells.

Cell density was calculated according to the following formula:

cell count/mL ═ (number of cells in four grid regions)/4 × 10⁴X dilution factor

1.5 cell viability assay

In the experiment, CCK-8 and LDH kits are used for investigating the influence of different concentrations of winter tea on the activity of THP-1 cells.

Taking THP-1 cells in logarithmic growth phase at 1 × 10⁶The density of each/mL is inoculated in a 96-well cell culture plate, each well is 100 mu L, 2.5-0.5 mu g/mL of autumn tea is respectively added into the cell culture well, each well is 1 mu L, each concentration is 6 times of wells, and meanwhile, a Control group without added drugs is arranged, and CCK8 and LDH are respectively made. After 24h incubation, the supernatant was aspirated into another new 96-well plate and the absorbance (OD) was measured at 490nm according to the LDH kit protocol. In addition, 10. mu.L of CCK-8 was added to each well of a 96-well plate, and incubated at 37 ℃ for 1 hour. Placing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 450nm for detectionAbsorbance (OD value) was determined.

1.6 establishment of LPS-induced THP-1 cell inflammation model

THP-1 cells at 1X10⁶The cells were seeded at a density of/mL in 6-well plates and treated in groups after 24 h. LPS with the final concentration of 100ng/mL is added into the model group; the control group replaced LPS with double distilled water; the culture medium of the drug treatment group is added with LPS, and also added with autumn tea extract with final concentration of 25 mug/ml, 10 mug/ml and 5 mug/ml respectively, after the autumn tea is pre-stimulated for 4h, LPS is added for stimulation for 16h, and then cells are collected for testing.

1.7 extraction of cellular RNA

(1) The treated cell suspension was collected in a 15mL centrifuge tube, centrifuged at 1000rmp for 3 minutes, the supernatant was discarded, and the cells were collected.

(2) The cell pellet was added with 1ml of TRIzon Reagent and then repeatedly tapped several times to fully lyse the sample. The mixture was left at room temperature for 5 minutes to completely separate the protein-nucleic acid complex.

(3) Chloroform was added at a rate of 200. mu.l of chloroform per 1ml of TRIzon Reagent, the cap was closed, the tube was shaken vigorously for 15 seconds, and the mixture was left at room temperature for 2 minutes.

(4) Centrifugation was carried out at 12,000rpm for 10 minutes at 4 ℃ at which time the sample was divided into three layers: the red organic phase, the middle and upper colorless aqueous phases, RNA mainly in the upper aqueous phase, were transferred to a new RNase Free centrifuge tube (self-contained).

(5) To the resulting aqueous solution was added an equal volume of 70% ethanol (prepared without RNase water), and the mixture was inverted and mixed. The solution obtained in the above step is completely added to an adsorption column (Spin Columns RM) filled with a collection tube. If the solution can not be added at one time, the solution can be transferred for many times.

(6) Centrifuge at 12,000rpm for 20 seconds, remove waste from the collection tube, and replace the adsorption column back into the collection tube.

(7) Mu.l Buffer RW1 was added to the adsorption column, centrifuged at 12,000rpm for 20 seconds, the collection tube was decanted, and the adsorption column was replaced in the collection tube.

(8) Mu.l Buffer RW2 (checked for absolute ethanol addition before use) was added to the adsorption column, centrifuged at 12,000rpm for 20 seconds, the trap was decanted, and the adsorption column was replaced in the trap.

And (5) repeating the step (8).

(9) Centrifuge at 12,000rpm for 2 minutes and discard the tube. The column was left at room temperature for several minutes and thoroughly dried.

(10) The adsorption column was placed in a new RNase-Free centrifuge tube, 30-50. mu.l of RNase-Free Water was added to the middle part of the adsorption column, left at room temperature for 1 minute, centrifuged at 12,000rpm for 1 minute, RNA solution was collected, and RNA was stored at-70 ℃ to prevent degradation.

(11) The RNA concentration was measured using an RNA concentration meter, and 1.5. mu.L of the RNA solution was used as a blank control with RNase-Free Water. Total RNA concentration (ng/. mu.L) was read on an RNA concentration measuring instrument as well as OD260/280 and OD 260/230, respectively.

1.8 reverse transcription of RNA and real-time quantitative PCR

1.8.1 reverse transcription of RNA

The following procedure was performed on ice, and 20. mu.L of the reaction system was prepared according to Table 9, vortexed and shaken vigorously, the reaction system was mixed well, centrifuged briefly to collect the solution on the side wall to the bottom of the tube, incubated at 42 ℃ for 15 minutes and 85 ℃ for 5 seconds, and after completion, the sample was placed on ice to be cooled.

Table 9: reverse transcription system

1.8.2 real-time quantitative PCR

A20. mu.L PCR reaction was prepared on ice using a real-time quantitative PCR kit according to the recipe listed in Table 10. And (3) after preparation, carrying out vortex to fully and uniformly mix a reaction system, and carrying out real-time quantitative PCR experiment after centrifugation. The reaction cycle conditions for real-time quantitative RT-PCR were set in this experiment as follows: the temperature is 95 ℃ for 10s, the temperature is 60 ℃ for 30s, and the cycle is totally 40 times. Adding a melting curve: between 50 ℃ and 99 ℃. The primer sequences involved in this experiment are shown in Table 11.

Detecting to obtain Ct value, where Δ Ct is the difference between Ct value of gene to be detected and Ct value of internal reference gene, analyzing data of reaction plate to obtain Ct value corresponding to each reaction of each sample, calculating to obtain Δ Ct, comparing with control group, and taking 2^-ΔΔCtThe value of (2) is counted.

Table 10: PCR reaction system

Name of reagent	20 μ L reaction System
		2xqPCR Master Mix	10μL
Upstream primer	0.5μL
		Downstream primer	0.5μL
RNase-Free Water	8μL
		cDNA products	1μL

Table 11: experimental related primer sequences

1.9 statistical methods

Experimental data differences between means were assessed using one-way ANOVA with SPSS 20.0 software, and statistical differences were considered when P <0.05 and data were expressed as mean ± s.e.m.

2 results of the experiment

2.1 selection of non-toxic dose of autumn tea on THP-1 cells

The effect of autumn tea on THP-1 cell viability at 25. mu.g/ml, 10. mu.g/ml and 5. mu.g/ml was examined by CCK-8 and LDH methods. The results show that the THP-1 cell activity of the autumn tea group with 5 mug/ml and 10 mug/ml has no significant difference compared with the normal control group. The anti-inflammatory effect of autumn tea was investigated by using the safe concentration of the drug (fig. 6A-6B).

2.2 inhibition of TNF-. alpha.IP-10, IKB. alpha., IL-6 and IL-1. beta. secretion by THP-1 cells

LPS stimulation significantly induced a significant increase in mRNA expression of TNF- α, IP-10, IKB α, IL-6 and IL-1 β in THP-1 cells compared to the control group; compared with LPS stimulation group, 10. mu.g/ml of autumn tea could significantly inhibit the mRNA expression of TNF-. alpha.IP-10, IKB. alpha., IL-6 and IL-1. beta. of inflammatory THP-1 cells, suggesting that autumn tea could inhibit LPS-induced cytokine release (FIGS. 7A-7E).

3 small knot

The autumn tea can obviously inhibit the release of cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1 beta of THP-1 cells induced by LPS, and has an anti-inflammatory effect.

Experimental example 4: research on anti-oxidation/anti-inflammatory pharmacodynamics experiment of autumn tea

The experiment examines the influence of autumn tea on the activities of ARE and NF-kB based on a luciferase reporter gene system of ARE and NF-kB, and preliminarily discusses the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the autumn tea.

1 materials and methods

1.1 Experimental instruments

1.2 reagents

1.3 test drugs

Autumn tea preparation example 3.

1.4 Positive drugs

Dexamethasone, MedChemExpress. Batch number: HY-14648, in effective period. Specification: 500mg, usage amount: for reference to clinical usage, 10mM stock was prepared.

tBHQ ((Tertiary butyl hydroquinone, Tertiary butyl hydroquinone), MedChem express, batch No. HY-100489, Specification: 500mg, usage amount: reference clinical usage, was prepared as 100mM stock solution during the expiration period.

1.5 test cells

293T cells, purchased from ATCC cell bank.

1.6 competent cells DH5a

Competent cell DH5a was obtained from Tiangen Biochemical technology Ltd

1.7 dosage design and drug formulation

Autumn tea: 0.01. mu.g/mL, 0.1. mu.g/mL, 1. mu.g/mL, 10. mu.g/mL, 100. mu.g/mL.

Preparing a liquid medicine: before the test, distilled water is used for preparing a liquid medicine with the concentration of 100mg/ml, and the liquid medicine is diluted into the test concentration when in use.

1.8 plasmid extraction

1.8.1 preparation of LB liquid Medium

Sterilizing a triangular flask at high temperature and high pressure, adding 2.5g of LB liquid culture medium dry powder into the triangular flask, adding 100mL of sterilized ultrapure water to completely dissolve the LB liquid culture medium dry powder, attaching a filter membrane to a bottle mouth, and sterilizing at high temperature and high pressure. Cooling to about 55 deg.C, adding 100mg/mL ampicillin 100 μ L, and mixing. The cells were cultured in DMEM medium containing 10% FBS and passaged when the cells in the flask grew to 80-90%.

1.8.2 preparation of LB solid Medium

Taking 0.4g of LB solid culture medium dry powder and 0.3g of LB liquid culture medium dry powder into a triangular flask sterilized at high temperature and high pressure, adding 20mL of sterilized ultrapure water, heating and boiling, stirring for dissolving, sterilizing at high pressure, cooling to 50-60 ℃, adding 50 mu L of ampicillin (50 mu g/mL), and mixing uniformly to obtain the final product. And subpackaging the solution in a culture dish, covering a cover after cooling and solidifying, inverting, and storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃.

1.8.3 transformation and verification of plasmid vector

Slightly mixing the competent cells DH5a, putting 100 mu L into a 15mL centrifuge tube, adding 1 mu L of plasmid pGL4.37 sample, placing on ice for 30min, immediately transferring into 42 ℃ water bath for incubation for 45s, and then transferring into ice for staying for 1-2min to complete the transformation of the competent cells. Sucking 100. mu.L of the transformed competent cells into an appropriate amount of LB liquid medium, and mixing well. Taking a proper amount of the bacterial liquid by using a sterile coater, uniformly coating the bacterial liquid on an LB solid culture medium, and standing at room temperature until the bacterial liquid is completely absorbed. Culturing in an inverted way at 37 ℃ for 12 h.

In the biosafety cabinet, 6 monoclonal bacteria are picked and added into 6 conical flasks containing a proper amount of LB liquid culture medium respectively to obtain 6 bacteria liquid samples with the label number of 1-6. And (3) keeping the temperature of the samples at 37 ℃, oscillating at 160rpm for 12h, taking 1mL of each numbered sample in a centrifuge tube, sequencing by delivering a Huada gene, and identifying positive clones.

1.8.4 extraction and determination of plasmid

(1) 500. mu.L of the equilibration solution BL was added to the adsorption column CP3 at 12000rpm, centrifuged for 1min, the waste liquid in the collection tube was decanted, and the adsorption column was replaced in the collection tube.

(2) And (3) adding 1-5mL of overnight cultured bacterial liquid into a centrifuge tube, centrifuging at 12000rpm for 1min, and removing the supernatant as much as possible, wherein when the bacterial liquid is more, the bacterial precipitates can be collected into one centrifuge tube through multiple times of centrifugation.

(3) The cell pellet was thoroughly suspended by adding 250. mu.L of the solution P1 to the centrifuge tube containing the cell pellet.

(4) 250. mu.L of the solution P2 was added to the tube and gently turned upside down 6 to 8 times to lyse the cells sufficiently.

(5) Adding 350 μ L of solution P3 into the centrifuge tube, immediately turning gently up and down for 6-8 times, mixing well, and centrifuging at 12000rpm for 10 min.

(6) Transferring the supernatant collected in the last step into adsorption column CP3 by using a pipette, centrifuging at 12000rpm for 30-60s, pouring waste liquid in the collection tube, and putting adsorption column CP3 into the collection tube.

(7) Adding 600 μ L of rinsing solution PW into adsorption column CP3, centrifuging at 12000rpm for 30-60s, pouring off waste liquid in the collection tube, and placing adsorption column CP3 into the collection tube.

(8) And (5) repeating the step (7).

(9) The adsorption column CP3 was placed in a collection tube and centrifuged at 12000rpm for 2 min.

(10) Placing the adsorption column CP3 in a clean centrifuge tube, adding 50-100 μ L elution buffer EB dropwise to the middle part of the adsorption membrane, standing at room temperature for 2min, 12000rpm, centrifuging for 2min, and taking the supernatant in the clean centrifuge tube to obtain plasmid solution.

(11) mu.L of plasmid solution was taken and DEPC water was used as a blank. And respectively reading the optical density values at the wavelengths of 260nm and 280nm on an ultraviolet spectrophotometer.

1.9 cell culture

1.9.1293T cell resuscitation

The 293T cell line was taken out from the liquid nitrogen tank, immediately placed in a 37 ℃ constant temperature water bath, and gently shaken to rapidly melt it. Wiping the frozen tube with alcohol cotton, transferring into biological safety cabinet, sucking cells with pipette into centrifuge tube containing complete culture medium, centrifuging at 4 deg.C and 1000rpm for 3min, removing supernatant, adding 5mL complete culture medium, blowing off with pipette, transferring to 25cm²In a culture flask according to (1). At 37 ℃ with 5% CO₂Culturing in a cell culture box. After 24h, the culture medium in the culture flask was replaced. Subculturing is carried out according to the growth state of the cells.

1.9.2293 passage of T cells

Cells were observed under a DMIL inverted phase contrast microscope and passaged when 80-90% of the cells in the flask grew. The flask was removed from the incubator, the medium in the flask was discarded, rinsed twice with 2mL of PBS buffer, and 500. mu.L of 0.25% pancreatin (containing 0.25% EDTA) was added for about 15 seconds of digestion until most of the cells became round, and 1mL of complete medium was added to stop the digestion. The cell suspension was transferred into a centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 1000rpm and 4 ℃ for 3 min. The supernatant was discarded, 4mL of complete medium was added and gently pipetted until the cells were evenly dispersed, and 1:4 was transferred to a new flask.

1.9.3293T cell count

Cell density was calculated according to the following formula:

1.9.4 preparation of drug solution

Accurately weighing 2.5 of autumn tea in 2.5ml of water respectively to obtain 100mg/ml of autumn tea standard stock solution, and preparing 100 microgram/ml, 10 microgram/ml, 1 microgram/ml, 0.1 microgram/ml and 0.01 microgram/ml sample solutions thereof by adopting a DMEM culture medium stepwise dilution mode.

1.10 grouping and detection

The cytotoxicity detection is divided into a blank control group and 5 autumn tea concentration groups of 0.01 mu g/mL, 0.1 mu g/mL, 1 mu g/mL, 10 mu g/mL and 100 mu g/mL;

the antioxidant activity test is divided into 3 autumn tea concentration groups of blank control group, positive medicine tBHQ group, 0.00001 μ g/ml, 0.0001 μ g/ml and 0.001 μ g/ml;

the anti-inflammatory effect test is divided into 3 autumn tea concentration groups of blank control group, model group, positive drug dexamethasone group, 0.00001 μ g/ml, 0.0001 μ g/ml and 0.001 μ g/ml.

1.10.1 cytotoxicity test

In the experiment, the CCK-8 and LDH kits are used for investigating the influence of autumn tea with different concentrations on the activity of 293T cells.

Taking 293T cells in logarithmic growth phaseAt 2X 10⁵Inoculating the tea in a 96-well cell culture plate at the density of one/mL, respectively adding 0.01-100 mu g/mL of autumn tea into different cell culture wells after the adherent growth reaches 70% -80%, wherein each well is 100 mu L, each concentration is 6, and a Control group without the added medicine is arranged and repeated for 3 times. After 24h of culture, the supernatant was aspirated and placed in another new 96-well plate, and LDH release was detected according to the LDH kit procedure. The original 96-well plate was washed 1 time with PBS and 100. mu.L of diluted 1 XCCK-8 working solution was added to each well, followed by incubation at 37 ℃ for 1 hour. Absorbance (OD value) was measured at 450nm with a microplate reader.

The cell viability was calculated according to the following formula:

cell viability (%) (As-Ab)/(Ac-Ab). times.100%

Where As represents the absorbance of the experimental wells, Ab represents the absorbance of the blank wells, and Ac represents the absorbance of the control wells.

1.10.2293 transient cotransfection of T cells and determination of ARE and NF-. kappa.B Activity

1.10.2.1293T cells transient cotransfection

293T cells in logarithmic growth phase were taken at 2X 10⁵The cells ARE inoculated in a 96-well cell culture plate at the density of one/mL, and when the cell growth density reaches 70-80%, ARE, NF-kB luciferase reporter plasmid pGL4.37, pGL4.32 (100 ng/well) and Renilla luciferase reporter plasmid pGL4.75(10 ng/well) ARE simultaneously transfected by using a PEI (1mg/mL) transfection reagent and cultured for 24 h.

1.10.2.2 Dual-luciferase reporter assay for determination of ARE and NF-. kappa.B transcriptional Activity

After 24h of culture, transfecting cells of ARE luciferase reporter plasmid pGL4.37, respectively adding tBHQ (10 mu M) and autumn tea sample solutions with safe concentration, setting a Control group, and culturing for 6 h; cells transfected with NF-kB luciferase reporter plasmid pGL4.32 are added with dexamethasone (10 mu M) diluted by TNF-alpha full culture and sample solutions of autumn tea with safe concentration respectively, and set with a Control and Model group for culturing for 6 h. The supernatant was discarded, the cells were rinsed with PBS, lysed and tested using the Dual-Luciferase assay system. Each set of experiments was set up with 6 replicate wells, replicated 3 times. The relative luciferase activity value is obtained by comparing the activity of the firefly luciferase with the activity of the Renilla luciferase. L/S ═ Luciferase activity value/Renilla activity value.

2 results of the experiment

2.1 determination of toxicity of autumn tea on 293T cells

The activity of the 293T cells of the autumn tea group with 0.00001-0.001 mu g/ml has no significant difference compared with the activity of the 293T cells of the normal control group, and is the safe concentration of the medicine to the 293T cells. The safe concentration of the medicine is adopted to discuss the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the autumn tea (see figures 8A-8B).

2.2 Effect of autumn tea on ARE reporter Gene Activity

And carrying out antioxidant activity verification on the autumn tea sample solution by adopting 293T cell transfection. The results showed that autumn tea of 0.00001. mu.g/ml, 0.0001. mu.g/ml and 0.001. mu.g/ml did not significantly induce ARE luciferase activity (P <0.05) (see Table 12, FIG. 9A).

Table 12: effect of different concentrations of autumn tea on ARE luciferase Activity of 293T cells (x. + -. SD) (n. 18)

Note: p <0.01vs Control

2.3 Effect of autumn tea on NF- κ B reporter Gene Activity

293T cells are adopted to transfect a luciferase reporter plasmid of an NF-kB promoter, and the anti-inflammatory activity of the autumn tea is detected. The results showed that 0.00001. mu.g/ml, 0.0001. mu.g/ml and 0.001. mu.g/ml of autumn tea significantly inhibited TNF- α -induced NF- κ B promoter activity (P <0.05, P <0.01), suggesting that: the autumn tea of 0.00001. mu.g/ml, 0.0001. mu.g/ml and 0.001. mu.g/ml all had better anti-inflammatory activity (see Table 13, FIG. 9B).

Table 13: effect of different concentrations of autumn tea on 293T cell NF-. kappa.B luciferase Activity (x. + -. SD) (n. 18)

Note: p <0.01vs Control, # # P <0.01vs Model

3 conclusion of the experiment

The autumn tea can inhibit NF-kB activity induced by TNF-alpha in each safe concentration, and has obvious anti-inflammatory activity. But it has no significant antioxidant effect.

Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, those skilled in the art will appreciate. Various modifications and substitutions of those details may be made in light of the overall teachings of the disclosure, and such changes are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. The full scope of the invention is given by the appended claims and any equivalents thereof.

SEQUENCE LISTING

<110> Tianjin Chinese medicine university

<120> a pharmaceutical composition for respiratory diseases in autumn

<130> IDC200313

<160> 12

<170> PatentIn version 3.5

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Claims

1. A pharmaceutical composition consisting of:

2. the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, consisting of:

3. the pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, consisting of:

4. the pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each component is a herbal piece.

5. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the burdock is stir-fried burdock.

6. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in a unit dose of 2-10 g.

7. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in a unit dose of 3-5 g.

8. The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1-3, in a unit dose of 3g or 4.5 g.

9. The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a tea.

10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 9, wherein the packaging of the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a teabag.

11. The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1-3, which is pulverized or not pulverized.

12. The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 3, which is pulverized and the pulverized drug powder is passed through a No. 1 sieve.

13. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 12, wherein the pulverized powder passes through a No. 1 sieve and does not pass through a No. 5 sieve.

14. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 9, having a water content of less than 12%.

15. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 9 having a water content of less than or equal to 10%.

16. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 9 having a water content of less than or equal to 8%.

17. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, per g of the pharmaceutical composition:

the arctiin content is not less than 4.4 mg.

18. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 17, wherein the arctiin content is greater than or equal to 5.5 mg.

19. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 17, wherein the arctiin content is greater than or equal to 7 mg.

20. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 17, wherein the arctiin content is not less than 7.2 mg.

21. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 17, wherein the arctiin content is not less than 4.4 mg.

22. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 17, wherein the arctiin content is greater than or equal to 7.5 mg.

23. An extract which is an aqueous or alcoholic extract of the pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 22.

24. Use of the pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 1 to 22 or the extract of claim 23 for the manufacture of a medicament selected from any one of (1) to (4) as follows:

(2) a medicament for the treatment and/or prevention of pharyngitis;

(3) a phlegm-eliminating drug;

(4) a cough relieving medicine.

25. The use according to claim 24, wherein the pharyngitis is acute pharyngitis in item (2).

26. A process for preparing a pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 22, comprising the steps of:

(1) pulverizing the above materials respectively, and sieving with No. 1 sieve and No. 5 sieve to obtain coarse powder between No. 1 sieve and No. 5 sieve;

(2) uniformly mixing the obtained coarse powder;

(3) packaging and sterilizing.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein in the step (1), the No. 1 oversize is pulverized again and passed through the No. 1 sieve and the No. 5 sieve to obtain a coarse powder between the No. 1 sieve and the No. 5 sieve, and combined with the previously obtained coarse powder.

28. A method for quality testing of a pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 22, comprising the step of determining the arctiin content, wherein, per g of the pharmaceutical composition,

if the following conditions are met:

the content of arctiin is more than or equal to 4.4mg,

the quality of the pharmaceutical composition is qualified;

wherein the content of arctiin is detected by high performance liquid chromatography.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the chromatographic conditions are as follows:

the chromatographic column is Syncronis-AQ C18 with specification of 250mm × 4.6mm and 5 μm;

mobile phase: acetonitrile A and water B;

flow rate: 0.8 mL/min^-1；

Wavelength: 230 nm;

sample introduction amount: 10 mu L of the solution;

column temperature: 30 ℃;

gradient elution procedure: 0-10 min, 14% -18% A; 10-18 min, 18% A; 18-22 min, 18% -19% A; 22-42 min, 19% -31% A; 42-50 min, 31% -55% A.